中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件：专题二+动词第3讲非谓语动词

第二部分专题二动词第3讲非谓语动词思维导图串考点1．动词不定式的形式：to＋动词原形(有时可以省略to)；否定形式为“notto＋动词原形”。核心考点精讲练命题点1动词不定式

2．动词不定式的句法功能功能用法例句作宾语一般只作某些动词的宾语TheydecidedtovisittheGreatLakes.作宾语补足语位于宾语后，补充说明宾语的意义、状态等。Theteacheraskedustoturnoffthelights.功能用法例句

作状语

[其他市、州：语法填空：2023．77]一般在句中作目的、结果、原因状语Heopenedthedoorforhertocomein.(作目的状语)Paulistooexcitedtosayanything.(作结果状语)作主语常用it作形式主语，而将不定式后置TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.＝

ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.作表语常位于be动词后Herjobistodothedishes.

作定语常放在所修饰词的后面作后置定语(如果是不及物动词，则需加介词)Ihavealotofbookstoread.

Pleasegivemesomepapertowriteon.【拓展】特殊结构的不定式作宾语时，还可转化为宾语从句。如：Canyoutellmewheretogetthescarf？＝CanyoutellmewhereIcangetthescarf?结构功能例句疑问词＋动词不定式作主语WhentogotoBeijinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.作宾语Ihaven'tdecidedyetwhentoleave.作表语Thequestioniswheretofindwater.3．常见可接动词不定式作宾语的动词

(词组)(v.＋todosth.)afford负担得起agree同意choose选择continue继续decide决定expect期望fail失败forget忘记hope希望learn学习like喜欢manage设法need需要plan计划prefer更喜欢prepare准备promise承诺refuse拒绝wait等待want想要wouldlike想要4.常见接动词不定式作宾补的动词

(v.＋sb.todosth.)advise建议allow允许ask要求expect期望force强迫help帮助invite邀请teach教tell告诉want想要warn警告wish希望encourage鼓励request要求order命令[其他市、州：语法填空：2024.74]5.动词不定式符号to的省略(1)在一些使役动词和感官动词之后，要把不定式结构中的to省略，但在

变为被动语态时，要把省略的to加上(let除外)。常用的有：

一感：feel

二听：listento，hear

三让：let，have，make

四看：watch，see，lookat，notice如：Theboy'sfunnyactionmadeeveryonelaugh.＝Everyonewasmadetolaughbytheboy'sfunnyaction.(2)help后带to不带to均可。如：Shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkids(to)learntoread.(3)当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列时，通常只需在第一个不定式处用to，其余不定式的to可以省略。但是，如果两者有对比关系，则后面的不定式to不可省略。如：Totryandfailisbetterthannottotryatall.(4)whynot…后省略to。如：WhynotgowithTom?(5)hadbetter…后省略to。如：We'dbetterrideasharedbikethere.6．不定式的常见句型(1)Itis＋adj.＋for/ofsb.＋todosth.对某人来说做某事是……/某人做某事

真是……(2)Ittakes/tooksb.＋一段时间＋todosth.做某事花某人……时间。(3)It'stimetodosth.到做某事的时间了。(4)It'sone'sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事。(5)prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事(6)too＋adj.＋todosth.太……而不能做某事(7)adj.＋enoughtodosth.足够……去做某事(8)It'sone'sdutytodosth.做某事是某人的义务。1．动名词的形式：动词原形＋­ing；否定形式为“not＋动词原形＋-ing”2．动名词的句法功能命题点2动名词功能用法例句作主语单个动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodisbadforyourhealth.作表语动名词(短语)作表语可转化为作主语Myhobbyisplayingtheguitar.＝

Playing

theguitarismyhobby.功能用法例句作宾语作动词的宾语，表示一般的习惯性行为或经常性动作Mysisterenjoysrunningverymuch.作介词的宾语I'mlookingforwardtoworkingouttheproblem.作定语位于所修饰词之前，只表明所修饰词的用途等Themeetingroomistoosmalltoholdthirtypeople.3.常接动名词作宾语的动词

(词组)(v.＋doingsth.)分类示例动词avoid避免

consider考虑

enjoy喜欢finish完成

imagine想象

keep坚持mind介意

practice练习

suggest建议分类示例动词词组feellikedoingsth.想要做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事keepondoingsth.继续做某事setoutdoingsth.着手/开始做某事bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事beinterestedindoingsth.对做某事感兴趣分类示例动词词组can't/couldn'tstanddoingsth.不能忍受做某事can't/couldn'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事havefun/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有乐趣/有麻烦/有困难lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事【拓展】既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词1．分词的形式(1)现在分词：v.-ing，表示动作正在发生，有主动、进行之意；(2)过去分词：v.-ed，表示动作已经完成，有被动、完成之意。2．分词的用法

分词在句中可起形容词或副词的作用，作表语、定语、状语或宾语补足语，也可构成各种进行或完成时态和语态。(1)作表语ThefilmwassomovingthatIwasdeeplymoved.命题点3分词(课标仅作理解要求)(2)作定语ThebookwrittenbyMr.Wangisveryinteresting.(3)作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步等。Laughingandtalking，thekidswentintotheroom.(表伴随)(4)作宾语补足语Weallwanttheproblemtobesolved.Ⅰ.用括号内单词的适当形式填空1．[2024江苏无锡]Thechildrendidalotofresearchinthelab_________(finish)thescienceproject.2．[2024江苏苏州改编]Stop_________(push)andjustwaitforyourturn.3．[2024江苏苏州改编]Youneedagoodsenseofbalance_________(ride)abicycle.4．[2024四川眉山]InJourney

to

the

West，thecleverandbraveMonkeyKingisneverafraid_________(fight)badpeople.针对练习

pushingtofinish

toride

tofight5．[2024甘肃白银]TheInternetcanbeausefultool，butdon'tletit_________(take)upallofyourtime.6．[2024甘肃临夏]Ienjoy_____________(listen)tomusicinmysparetime.7．[2024内蒙古包头]Manystudentshavetrouble_______________(communicate)withtheirparents.However，withalittlehardwork，theycanlearntosolvethisproblem.8．Itwon'ttakealongtime_________(find)anyplaceintheworldwiththehelpofonlinemaps.9．Weteenagersshouldspendmoretime________(learn)abouttheoutsideworld.takelistening

communicating

tofindlearning10．Weholdadanceeveryyear__________(raise)moneyforthestudentsinpoorareas.11．Wehaven'tdecidedwhen__________(visit)ourgrandparents.12．__________(keep)diariesinEnglishisagoodwaytohelpyouwithyourEnglish.13．Iprefer___________(listen)tomusicratherthanplaycomputergames.14．Accordingtomyexperience，thefirststeptolearnEnglishwellis_____________(pronounce)correctly.15．Tomiscrazyaboutfootball.However，hisparentsdon'tallowhim_________(stay)outlatetoplayfootballforhissafety.toraisetovisitKeepingtolistentopronouncetostay16．Theyreachedthestationtoolate__________(catch)thetrain.17．Let'sthinkofagoodway_________(help)thesickkidsinthehospital.18．Myfatherexpectsme_______(try)outforthatfamousmusicaltournextyear，sohebooksthesummercamporganizedbyexperienceddramateachersforme.19．Thenewyeariscoming.Teachersencourageus____________(develop)newhobbies.20．Mr.Smithwashappy___________(accept)theinvitationtothespeechcontest.tocatch

tohelptotrytodeveloptoacceptⅡ.翻译句子21．[2024重庆中考A卷改编]请教教我如何弹钢琴。Pleaseteachmehow____

______thepiano.22．网络交友对中学生来说是不安全的。_________

_________ontheInternetisnotsafeformiddleschoolstudents.23．从她身上我体会到打败困难的唯一方式是不断努力，而不是抱怨。FromherIlearnedtheonlywaytobeatdifficultiesis________

_______insteadofcomplaining.toplayMakingfriendskeeping

trying24．科学家们说，如今生活在森林里的熊猫不足2000只。Scientistssaytherearenowfewerthan2，000pandas______

___

theforest.25．为了拯救大象，我们不能买象牙制品。Tosavetheelephants，wecan'tbuythings______

____ivory.26．帮你记住某个东西的一个好办法是在你的头脑里想象一幅它的画面。Agreatway___

__________

somethingistoimagineapictureofitinyourmind.livingin

madeoftoremember27．作为年轻人，我们要有改变世界的勇气。Asyoungmen，weshouldhavethecourage__________

____________theworld.28．阅读时，有些学生碰到生词习惯查字典。Somestudentsareused____

_________upthewordstheydon'tknowinthedictionarywhilereading.

tochangeofchangingtolookingⅢ.语法填空微语篇[2023山西改编]Joegotachocolatefromhisfatherforhiscleaningworkathome.Whenhewasready29.________(eat)it，hiselderbrothertookawaythechocolatefromJoeandputit