第二章第3讲-介词&形容词副词-学案_第1页
第二章第3讲-介词&形容词副词-学案_第2页
第二章第3讲-介词&形容词副词-学案_第3页
第二章第3讲-介词&形容词副词-学案_第4页
第二章第3讲-介词&形容词副词-学案_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩14页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

第二章语法复习第3讲介词&形容词副词学习目标1.掌握常见的时间介词、地点介词等用法,并学会灵活运用;2.掌握形容词副词的变化规则和比较级最高级的变化规则,并学会灵活运用。【进门测试】介词选词/短语填空in,on,at1.Shetoldmeastory_______September22.2.WeleftHangzhou_______theafternoonofOctober15.3.Hecalledme________Sundaymorning.4.Mydaughterwasborn_____July1961.5.TheFirstWorldWarended_______1918.6.Ishalltakeaholiday_______summer.7.Wouldyouliketomeetwithme_______halfpastseven?between,

infrontof,

beside,

on8.—Isthereasupermarketnearhere?—Yes,thereisasupermarket______CityStreet.9.—Where’sXinhuaPark?—It’s______HongqiSupermarketandtheBankofChina.10.Thelibraryis______thesupermarket.Youdon’thavetocross(过)theroad.11.ForestHotelis______thepark.AndtheparkisbehindForestHotel.形容词副词一、单选题1.Davidwasvery______.Helaughed______.(

)A.happy;loud B.happily;loudly C.happy;loudly2.—What’stheweatherlikeinBeijing?(

)—Itis______.A.cloudy B.sun C.snow3.Don’tshout______.Pleasebe______.(

)A.loudly;quiet B.loud;quiet C.loudly;quietly4.Mycityisa__________place.Youcanhearmany__________here.(

)A.noisy,noise B.noisy,noises C.noise,noisy5.Pleasetalk_____inthelibrary.(

)A.quiet B.quietly C.loud D.active6.Mymumlooks_____,andshelooksatme_____.(

)A.angry;angrily B.sadly;quietly C.angrily;sadly7.MrLiutaughthisbabyin________waysandheansweredhisquestions________.(

)A.wise;wisely B.wisely;wise C.wise;wise D.wisely;wisely二、用单词正确形式填空8.Ifeel______(excite)aboutthe______(excite)film.9.Tokeep______(health),wecandomoresport.10.Itwillbecoldbut_____(sun)tomorrow.11.Therearemany_____(interest)placesintheBeijing.12.Ithinkitis_______(wind)andwarminspring.13.Allthekidsfeel_______(happy)onChildren’sDay.14.Theoceansare_____(importance)toallanimalsontheEarth.15.It’s_____(danger)tostandinfrontofthemovingcar.16.Idon’tlikethe________(sun).Ilike________(snow)weather.17.—Whatistheweatherliketoday?

—It’s________(fog).18.Mybrotherisrunning______(fast)intheplayground.19.Theyaresinging______.(excited)20.Youcancrosstheroadwithotherpeople.Thenthe______(drive)canseeyou______(easy).21.MissLiandherstudentsaretalkingaboutroad______(safe).Sheknowshowtocrosstheroad______(safe).22.Mysisterdancesvery______(good).23.Theoldmanwalked_____(slow)inthepark.24.Look!Thehorseisrunning____(quick).【多元导学】【互动精讲】知识点一:介词介词介词,又叫前置词,表示其后的名词或代词(或是相当于名词的其他短语或从句)与其他句子成分的关系,介词是一种虚词,不能单独在句中作成分。介词大致可分为时间介词、方位介词、方向介词、方式介词、原因介词和其他意义的介词等。一、时间介词时间介词是表示时间的介词。小学阶段常用的时间介词有:in,on,at,from,before,atfter,for等。1.in用来表示在较长的时间内,通常与表示年、月、季节的单词连用或与上午、下午、晚上等词连用。如:inMay在五月 in2022在2022年inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上2.on用来表示在具体的某一天或某一天的早晨、下午或晚上。如:onSunday/Tuesday在星期日/星期二onthethirdofMay在五月三日3.at用来表示在某一具体时刻,将某一段时间看作某一时刻时也用at,表示“在………期间”,在某个节日也用at、如:atseveno'clock在七点钟 atnoon在正午4.from用来表示某动作从某段时间开始,常与to构成短语from...to...意为“从…到…”.如:fromsixinthemorningtotwointheafternoon从早上六点到下午两点5.before用来表示时间先后,意为“在……之前”。如:Tomgotupbefore6o’clockthismorning.汤姆今天早晨在6点之前起床了。6.after也用来表示时间先后,意为“在…之后”。如:Afterthat,webecamegoodfriends,在那以后,我们成了好朋友。7.for意为“达…之久”,表示过了多少时间,可以和一般现在时、过去时和将来时连用。如:We'llstayinShanghaiforthreeweeks.我们将待在上海三周。二、方位介词1.on用于两个物体的表面相互接触时,意为“在…上面”。如:onthedesk/chair在课桌/椅子上2.in用来表示在某物里面,也可以表示在一个面积较大的地方。如:inNanjing在南京intheroom在房间里3.at用来表示在某个面积较小的地方。如:atthebusstop在公交车站4.under用来表示在某一物体的正下方。如:underthebed/table在床/桌子下5.behind用来表示在某物的后面,与infrontof意思相反。如:behindthedoor在门后面6.beside意为“在……的旁边”,如:Tomsitsbesideme.汤姆坐在我旁边。三、方向介词1.to用来表示前往某地或朝某个方向运动,意为“向…,往……到……”如:Theygottotheparkatsevenyesterday.他们昨天七点到达公园。2.from用来表示从某个起点开始,意为“来自……从……”.如:HeesfromtheUSA.他来自美国。3.along用来表示“沿着……”.如:Goalongthisroadandturnleftatthetrafficlights.沿着这条路走,在交通灯处向左转。4.outof用来表示从里向外的运动方向。如:Tomislookingoutofthewindow.汤姆正在向窗外看。5.up用来表示由下而上的动作方向,意为“向上,沿着……向上”,如:WeclimbedupthehilllastSaturday我们上周六登山了。6.down用来表示由上而下的动作方向,意为“向下,沿着……向下”,如:sitdown坐下cutdown砍倒介词辨析【知识梳理1】1)in,on和toinontoin表示在某一地区之内的某方位(属于该范围);ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.to表示在某一地区之外的某方位(不属于该范围);JapanliestotheeastofChina.on表示与某地是毗邻关系(两地接壤)。MongolialiesonthenorthofChina.【例题精讲】Jiangsuis___theeastofChina,butJapanis___theeastofChina.

A.to;in

B.in;to

C.on;to

D.to;on例2.HongKongis______thesouthofChina,andMacaois______thewestofHongKong.

A.in;to

B.to;to

C.to;in

D.in;in【知识梳理2】over、above和on、below和underbelowaboveoverbelowaboveoveronunderonunderon指“在……上面”表示与表面接触。其反义词是beneath。Thereisaglassonthedesk.Thereisanotebeneaththedesk.above指“在……之上”指相对高度,不一定是正上方,其反义词是below。Theplaneflewabovetheclouds.Thecoatreachesbelowtheknees.over指“在……之上”指垂直之上,正上方,其反义词是under。Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Therearemanybikesunderthetree.below和underbelow表示“在下方或位置低于……”,不一定有“垂直在下”之意;under表示“在……正下方”。Therearemanybikesunderthetrees.Thetemperaturewillfallbelowzerotomorrow.【例题精讲】例1.Doyouseethekite___thebuilding.

A.over

B.cross

C.on

D.above例2.Twoplanesareflying___thevillage.A.through

B.overC.onD.belowKeys:1.D2.B【知识梳理3】infrontof和inthefrontofinfrontof表示“在……之前”,可用before替换(范围外)。Therearesometreesinfrontoftheclassroom.inthefrontof表示“在……的前部”(范围内)。Ourteacherusuallystandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.Thebusdriverisat/inthefrontofthebus.(“在…内部的前面”)Theoldwomanisinfrontofthebus.(“在…外部的前面”)Thewomenisatthebackofthebus.(“在…内部的后面”)Thelittlegirlisbehindthebus.(“在…外部的后面”)【例题精讲】例1.Mikesits____theclassroomwhileTomsits____theroom.

A.infrontof;atbackof

B.inthefrontof;atthebackof

C.infrontof;atthebackof

D.inthefrontof;atbackof例2.Thereisariverthehouse. A.between B.inthefrontofC.infrontof D. besideto【知识梳理4】方式状语1)by,in和on表示交通方式用by时,交通工具前不用任何限定词;如:bybike骑自行车bybus乘公交车bycar乘车用on或in时,名词前应该有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰限定词;在开放型或半开放型工具前用on(空间大的),在封闭型工具前用in(空间小的)。如:inthisplane乘坐这班飞机onanearlytrain乘坐早班的火车onmybike骑我的自行车注意:步行onfoot步行2)by,in,with表示手段或工具1.with多指用工具、身体的某个部位或器官,通常用于具体的事物,意为“使用”。如:Canyoumakeasentencewith“laugh”?你能用“laugh”造句吗?2.by表示“通过……方法/手段”,通常用于比较抽象的事物。如:bybike/plane/taxi骑自行车/乘飞机/乘出租车bysellingflowers通过买花bysingingsongs通过唱歌3.in多指用什么语言或材料;穿着什么颜色的衣服等。如:inEnglish用英语inink用墨水【例题精讲】例1.YoucanimproveyourEnglish_______practicingmore.A.by B.with C.of D.in例2.Inexamswemustwrite________apeninsteadof_______pencils.(用适当的介词填空)【课堂练习】LilywenttoBeijingbyplaneyesterday.(同义句转换)Lily________________Beijingyesterday.Mymothertakesmetoschoolwithhiscar.(同义句转换)Igotoschool_______mymother’s________.Abatfindsthingswithitsears.(划线部分提问)________________abatfindthing?IamgoingtogotoBeijingbyair.(划线提问)________________yougoingtogotoBeijing?知识点二:形容词副词用法【知识梳理1】一、形容词的用法

1.

形容词修饰名词,并且放在名词的前面,这时形容词在句子中作定语

例如:a

beautiful

lady,a

tall

man,a

big

house

A

beautiful

lady

is

standing

in

front

of

a

tall

man.

2.

形容词放在be动词的后面,这时形容词在句子中作表语/主语补足语。

例如:The

lady

is

tall.

(tall在句子中作表语,说明lady是怎么样的)

The

beautiful

lady

is

tall.

(beautiful在句子中作定语,tall作表语)

The

beautiful

lady

is

tall

and

slim.

3.形容词做宾语补足语,用来补充说明宾语。例如:keepsb./sth.+adj.Weshouldkeepourclassroomclean.makesb./sth.+adj.Wehadbettermakeourcitymoreandmorebeautiful.二、副词的用法

1.

副词修饰动词,并且通常放在实义动词后面,这是副词在句子中作方式状语。

例如:The

man

runs

fast.

(fast修饰runs这个动作)

2.

副词修饰形容词,并且通常放在形容词的前面

例如:He

bees

very

handsome.

She

looks

very

beautiful.

在“副词+形容词”这样的结构中,中心词是形容词,副词只是为了说明程度大小

即:very

handsome的中心词是handsome

3.

副词前面也可以加副词,例如上面的句子都可以改写成:

The

man

runs

very

fast.

She

jumps

very

high.

very本身是副词,意思是“非常,很”,所以后面也可以跟副词或者形容词。4.副词修饰整个句子例如:Luckily,theywonthegameatlast.副词的分类及位置:

时间副词:today,

tomorrow,

yesterday,

now...位置:放句尾或句首。如:WewenttoBeijingyesterday.频率副词:usually,always,

often,never,sometimes...位置:be动词之后,实意动词之前。如:Heusuallygoestoschoolbybus.Tomisalwayslate.地点副词:here,

there,

down,

up,home...位置:经常放在动词后面,如:ehere,sitdown,pickup....方式副词:slowly,

hard,

fast

...位置:经常放在句尾,如:Heworksveryhard.程度副词:very,

much,

too

...位置:一般放在形容词或副词前面,如:Weareveryhappy.疑问副词:why,

where,

when,how...位置:句首,如:Wheredidyougolastweek?有些词既是形容词也是副词

hard

adj.硬的

adv.努力地

early

adj.早的

adv.早地high

adj.&adv.

well

adj.健康地

adv.好

I

don’t

feel

well.我觉得不舒服;Well

done.做得好late

adj.迟的

adv.迟

be

late

for

(school)

(上学)迟到三、形容词变副词

基本规则1.一般在形容词后加ly,

如:quickquickly

2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词,变y为i,

加ly,

如:happyhappily

3.以ue

结尾的形容词,去e加ly,

如:truetruly

注:有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性,fast,

hard,

high,

late,

far等,它们的词性只有通过具体语境来判断。有些以ly结尾的词不是副词,而是形容词,friendly,

lovely等。四、形容词副词比较级最高级【例题精讲】一、单选题1.—HowistheweatherinDing’an?(

)—It’s_____thanthatinBeijing.A.hot B.hotter C.thehottest2.Theweathergets______.(

)A.colderandcold B.coldandcolder C.colderandcolder3.Tomis______thanJack.(

)A.heavy B.heavier C.theheaviest4.Thatappleis_________thanthisone.(

)A.big B.bigger C.small5.Myfatheris______thanbefore.(

)A.thiner B.thinner C.tall6.Youare______thanme.(

)A.old B.young C.younger7.ZhangPengis______thanWuBinbin.(

)A.short B.tall C.taller D.tallest8.Jimworksvery_________,hisbrotherworks_________thanhim.(

)A.hard;harder B.harder;harder C.hard;hard9.Thetigercanrun________thanthedog.(

)A.faster B.fastest C.fast10.Youarethin,soyoushouldeat_____andputonweight.(

)A.many B.less C.more11.Whodoeshomework___________inyourclass?(

)A.carefully B.mostcarefully C.morecarefully D.careful二、用单词正确形式填空12.NowShanghaihasbeeoneof_____(beautiful)citiesinChina.13.Whalesarethe_____(large)animalsontheEarth.14.Sandydoesherhomework_______(careful)thanTom.15.WuYifancanrun______(fast)thanJohn.16.Eating________(little)meatandmorefruitisgoodforus.17.—Annieplaysthepianovery___________(good).—Aliceplaysit___________(good)thanAnnie.Sueplaysitthe___________(good).18.Whowrites_____(careful),JimorJohn?19.Jimmyjumps_____(low)thanhiscousin.【课堂检测】介词一、单选题1.Theysleep_______20hoursaday.(

)A.from B.for C.to2.Shewasborn______October12th,2003.(

)A.in B.with C.on3.Treesinthegarden________yellow________autumneveryyear.(

)A.bee;in B.became;on C.bees;in4.Myfatherusually______books______Sundaymorning.(

)A.read;in B.reading;on C.reads;on5.MarywillgotoCanada__________May20th.()A.in B.on C.at6.Thedinosaurisbigger______theelephant.(

)A.to B.than C.of7.—Howmanybirdsarethere________thetree?()—Seven.A.in B.on C.for8.Ourclassroomis_______thefourthfloor.(

)A.in B.on C.at9.Thepostofficeisbehindthepark.Theparkis_________thepostoffice.(

)A.infrontof B.nextto C.over D.behind10.—Whatdoyouusuallydo______ChineseNewYear?(

)—Weusuallywatchliondances______ChineseNewYear’sEve.A.on;at B.at;on C.on;on11.Mikewenttothefarm________StarLake________NationalDay.(

)A.in;on B.near;at C.near;on12.Theybroughtlunch________thepark.(

)A.to B.for C.in D.out13.There________manypears________thetree.(

)A.was;on B.were;inside C.are;on D.are;in14.What’sthematter________him?(

)A.with B.to C.for D.of15.Youcanseethebusstop_______yourright.(

)A.in B.on C.at16.Whenyouwalkacrosstheroad,youmustwait__________thepavement__________thegreenman.(

)A.for;at B.on;for C.for;of17.Theboy_________ablueTshirtismycousin.

(

)A.in B.with C.fit18.Iwanttoflyaspaceship______themoon.(

)A.for B.to C.in19.Ioftengotothepark_______bus_______myfriends.(

)A.on;with B.by;and C.by;with20.Pleaseetomyparty________halfpastfive________Saturdayafternoon.(

)A.in;of B.at;in C.at;on形容词副词一、单选题1.Wehadan________partylastnight.Wewere________attheparty.(

)A.excitedly;exciting B.excited;exciting C.exciting;excited2.It'ssometimes________insummerthere.It________yesterday.(

)A.rainy;rained B.rainy;rains C.rains;rainy3.Peterhad________meatand________mangoesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.(

)A.alittle;afew B.afew;alittle C.any;some4.Itisnot________torideontheleftsideoftheroadinChina.(

)A.safely B.safety C.safe5.Thepolicemanwas________.Heshoutedattheman________.(

)A.angry;angrily B.angrily;angry C.angrily;angrily6.Herfatherisalways________.Heoftenlaughs________.(

)A.happy;happy B.happy;happily C.happily;happy7.Thechildrenare______aboutthe______footballgame.They'reshouting______intheplayground.(

)A.excited;exciting;excitedly B.exciting;excited;excitedly C.excitedly;exciting;excited8.Thisworkis_________formethanforyou.(

)A.difficult B.mostdifficult C.muchdifficult D.moredifficult9.Atyphoonismuch______thanastrongwind.(

)A.strong B.stronger C.strongest D.thestrongest10.ChineseNewYearis________importantfestivalinChina.(

)A.themost B.most C.more11.WangBingisa__________boy.Heiswriting__________now.(

)A.carefully;carefully B.carefully;careful C.careful;carefully12.Helenisa__________student.Shedoes__________ineverysubject.(

)A.good;good B.well;good C.good;well13.Look,thestudentsarereadinginthelibrary.Youcan’tspeak_________.(

)A.loud B.loudly C.quiet D.quietly14.Myparentslooked_________.Theylookedatme_________.(

)A.angry;angry B.angry;angrilyC.angrily;angry D.beangry;angrily15.It’stoolate.Mysisterrunstoschool_________.(

)A.quick B.slow C.quickly D.slowly16.Amywilletomybirthdayparty________halfpastthree________theafternoonofSunday.(

)A.in;on B.at;in C.at;on D.in;in17.Thequeenwalked________thecity________anewdress.(

)A.through;with B.through;in C.on;in18.InBeijing,weshoulddrive________the________sideoftheroad.(

)A.on;left B.at;left C.on;right19.Mybirthdayis_______June.AndIwasborn(出生)_______4thJune.()A.in;on B.on;at C.with;for20.TheDrawingGameis______3:00______theafternoon.(

)A.in;in B.at;at C.at;in21.Go_______thestreetandturnleft_______thesecondcrossing.(

)A.long;at B.away;to C.along;at D.along;to22.—___________willyougettoLondon?(

)—___________plane.A.When;By B.When;Take C.How;By23.Threegirls_________thebird_________abag.(

)A.caught;to B.catches;in C.caught;with24.Marylives________Australia,butsheis________theUK.(

)A.from;from B.from;in C.in;from D.in;in25._________Sundaymorning,Petergoestovisitthemuseum_________abiggardeninfrontofit.(

)A.On;with B.On;has C.In;has D.In;with26.Let’smeet________twoo'clockattheschoolgate.(

)A.in B.at C.on D.for27.There_____aparty_____LiuTao’shousenextweek.(

)A.is;on B.isgoingtobe;at C.is;at28.Shallwemeet_____ten_____frontofgateofthezoo?(

)A.on;in B.in;at C.at;in D.at;at29.There____alotoforanges_______thetrees.(

)A.is;in B.is;on C.are;in D.are;on二、用单词正确形式填空30.Sheis____(excite)____(hear)the____(excite)news.31.Thecoatfitsyou______(good).It’svery______(well)tohavesobeautifulcoat.32.Allthepeopleare________(excite)abouttheshowsinthezoo.33.Benis________(interesting)inPE.Sohe’sgoodatit.34.Plant______(many)trees,theyhelp______(keep)theairclean.35.Theskirtismuch_________(big)forme.36.Ifyouwanttobestronger,youshoulddo______(many)sport.37.Theworkergotuplatethismorning.Heran______(quick)tothefactory.三、完形填空Vegetablesandfruitarehealthyfood.Itisgoodforus.Manypeopleknowthis.AnEnglishcatalso____38____this.Thecat’s____39____isDante.Itdoesn’tlikemeat,butitlikeseatingfruitandvegetables.Manyscientistsdon’tknow____40____.MissBeckyisthecat’smaster(主人).Atfirst,she____41____Dantesomemeatandfish.Thecatis____42____.ThenshegivesDantesomebananasand____43____.Thecatisveryhappy.Itisinteresting,right?38.A.takes B.learns C.knows39.A.name B.family C.friend40.A.where B.what C.why41.A.asks B.gives C.makes42.A.unhappy B.tired C.happy43.A.fish B.tomatoes C.meat四、阅读选择Recently,anewvirus(病毒)calledCOVID19isspreading(传播)fastintheworld.It’sverysmall—sosmallthatwecan’tseeit.Alotofpeopleintheworldgetsick.Peopleusuallyshowsymptoms(症状)suchas(例如)runnynose,cough,breathlessness(呼吸困难)andfever.Therearesomethingswecandotoprotectourselves:·oftenwashourhands;

·donotgettogether;·donotgotocrowded(拥

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论