北京东城区2025届高三下第一次测试英语试题含解析

北京东城区2025届高三下第一次测试英语试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．________enoughmoney,theyoungmanwasunabletobuyhisgirlfriendexpensivejewelry.A．Nottosave B．NotsavingC．Nothavingsaved D．Notsaved2．WhatIlovemostaboutreadingnovelsis______theauthorsvividlydescribethecharacters.A．what B．whyC．how D．whom3．Enterourprize______andwinabreakinaNationalTrustholidaycottageofyourchoiceanywhereinthecountry.A．draw B．search C．match D．collection4．Theaccidenthavebeencausedbyadogrunningacrosstheroad,butwedon’tknowforsure.A．might B．shouldC．will D．must5．——Doyouhaveaminute?I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.——Ok,______youmakeitshort.A．nowthatB．ifonlyC．solongasD．everytime6．Thegovernor’sstatementonemployment________astormofcriticism,A．setupB．setoutC．setaboutD．setoff7．DorisLessing，anauthorwhohashadafascinatinglife，livedinIran_______shewasfivebeforemovingtoZimbabwe．A．unless B．sinceC．until D．after8．—Whatdidshewanttoknow,Tom?—Shewondered_______wecouldcompletetheexperiment.A．whenwasit B．itwaswhenthatC．itwaswhen D．whenitwasthat9．________terrible,themedicinewasthrownawaybythechild.A．Tasted B．TastingC．Totaste D．Beingtasted10．—WillittakemelongtogettotheSunshineHotel?—No,it______takeyoulong.It’snottherushhournow.A．shouldn’t B．shan’tC．mustn’t D．needn’t11．_______withallsortsofaffairs,themanagerhadlittletimetohaveagoodsleep.A．Occupying B．BeingoccupiedC．Occupied D．Havingoccupied12．I____aboutwhatyou’vesaidandI’vedecidedtotakeyouradvice.A．thought B．havebeenthinkingC．wasthinking D．hadthought13．—Don’tmakeaspecialjourneytopickupthelaundryforme.—It’sOK.I________totheshopanyway.A．wasgoingB．willhavegoneC．havegoneD．willbegoing14．--Itshouldn’ttakelongtoclearupafterthepartyifweallvolunteertohelp．---That’sright．_____________．A．Manyhandsmakelightwork B．SomethingisbetterthannothingC．Themorethemerrier D．Thesoonerbegin,thesoonerdone15．Thewholenationisstrugglingtoworkoutaninexpensive______effectivesolutiontosmog.A．yet B．still C．or D．though16．Countrieswhichcontinueimportinghugequantitiesofwastewillhaveto____theissueofpollution.A．maintain B．simplify C．overlook D．address17．IfIcanhelp,Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight.A．so B．that C．them D．it18．Wehavedecidedtofulfillthetaskintime,difficultieswemaymeetwith.A．nomatterhow B．however C．whatever D．whichever19．Thedesksinourclassroomaresoclosetogetherthatthereisnotenoughroomtomovethem．A．between B．in C．across D．over20．Thiscourseisofgreatinteresttostudents,_____toimprovetheirwritingskills.A．hopeB．tohopeC．hopingD．hoped第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）2019OscarsAcademyAwardNominees(提名)forBestPictureBlackPantherType:AdventureRunningTime:134min.ReleaseDate:February16,2018Currentrank:★★★★Director:RyanCooglerActors:ChadwickBoseman,MichaelB．JordanWithhisfatherhavingdiedinCaptainAmerica:CivilWar,T’ChallaisthenewruleroftheadvancedkingdomofWakanda.Astheking,wheneverachallengerforthecrownannounceshisintentions,hemustgiveuphispowersandtakethemoninaphysicalchallenge.TheFavoriteType:DramaRunningTime:120min.ReleaseDate:November30,2018Currentrank:★★★Director:YorgosLanthimosActors:EmmaStone,RachelWeiszIntheearly18thcentury,withEnglandandFranceatwar,afragileQueenAnneoccupiesthethroneasherclosefriendLadySarahChurchillgovernsthecountryinherstead,whiletendingtoAnne’sillhealthandchangeabletemper.GreenBookType:DramaRunningTime:130min.ReleaseDate:November21,2018Currentrank:★★★★★Director:PeterFarrellyActors:ViggoMortensen,MahershalaAliTonyLip,anuneducatedItalian-Americanwho’sknownforusinghisfiststogethisway,ishiredtodriveworld-class,famouspianistDonShirleyonaconcerttourfromManhattantotheDeepSouth.Theymustrelyonthe“NegroMotoristGreenBook”toguidethemtothefewsettlementsthatwerethensafeforblacks.AStarisBornType:MusicalRunningTime:135min.ReleaseDate:October5,2018Currentrank:★★★★Direct:BradleyCooperActors:BradleyCooper,LadyGagaWhencountrymusicstarJacksonMainestopsatabarforadrinkafteraconcert,he’sbothentertainedandattractedbyyoungnightclubsingerAlly.Hediscoversthatshewritessongsaswellasbeingatalentedsinger,buthasn’thadabreakbecauseofherlooks.1、Whichfilmistheleastpopularamongaudience?A．BlackPanther. B．TheFavorite.C．GreenBook. D．AStarisBorn.2、Thefilmabouttherightsofblackpeoplebelongsto.A．adventure B．musicalC．drama D．comedy3、Whoworksasadirectorandactor?A．RyanCoogler. B．YorgosLanthimos.C．PeterFarrelly. D．BradleyCooper.22．（8分）ASongofIceandFireisaseven﹣partseriesoffantasywrittenforadults．GeorgeR．R．Martinwriteseachchapterfromtheperspectiveofaspecificcharacter，providingalimitedpointofviewforeachsection．Thereaderisabletounderstandtheinnerworkingsoftheindividual，butthereaderisbarredfromawholeunderstandingofthetext．Theworldhehascreatedhasmagic，butthereismuchmorethanthat．Whilemagicexists，itexistsontheedge，andtheinnerunrestofthecharactersismuchmoreimportant．Hisworkalsohasalevelofrealnessthatisastonishinginaworkoffantasy．Charactersareimperfect，andmanymakequestionablemoralchoices．Intheend，however，Martinshowsthatbothgoodandbadhappentoboththepeopleofhighmoralstandardandthecorrupt．Hehasmadeitclearthatanycharactercandieatanypoint，whichhasledtoalotofheartbreakfromreaders．In2011，ASongofIceandFirebecameatelevisionseriestitledGameofThrones．Martinhasbeencloselyinvolvedwiththeproduction．Ithascurrentlyrunforsevenseasons，andviewersanxiouslyawaittheeighthseasontoanswertheirquestionsfromtheseasonsevenfinale．HisfansarealsowaitingforTheWindsofWinterandADreamofSpring，thenextbooksintheseries，toanswerthequestionsMartinandthetelevisionshowhavenotyetaddressed．Martin，however，hasnoplanstorush．Hehasmadeitclearthathewillcontinuetowritethebookswhileworkingonthetelevisionshowandwritingothernovels．Buthowwillthestorycontinue？WhatisgoingtohappeninWesteros，andmoreimportantly：whenarewegoingtofindout？Martinisskillasawriterhaskeptreadersandviewersspellbound．Manyhopehewillfinishthenextbookbeforethenextseasonoftheshowbegins，butnooneknowswithMartin．Healwayskeepshisreadersguessing．1、OneofthecharacteristicsofASongofIceandFireis．A．eachchapteriswrittenfromalimitedpointofviewB．magicisthecenterofthestoryC．MartinhasmadeimperfectcharactersdieatanypointD．manycharactersmakeastonishingchoices2、WhatisGeorgeR．R．Martin'sASongofIceandFireconsideredtobe？A．Oneofhismasterworksoffantasy．B．Anunsuccessfulscreenadaptation．C．AnartisticcreationfortheTV．D．OneofthebestTVprogrammes．3、Whatdoestheword"address"inthefourthparagraphmean？A．writtenB．spokenC．solvedD．directed4、Howwilltheendingofthestorybe？A．Interesting．B．Confusing．C．Novel．D．Unknown．23．（8分）RussGremel,now98yearsold,decideditwastimetodonate$2milliontotheIllinoisAudubonSociety,acharitytopurchasenearly400acresoflandforwildlifeprotection.Gremelwasabletomakethisamazingdonationbecausehepurchased$1,000worthofWalgreensstocksevendecadesagowhosevaluehasgrownrecently.“Asinglemanwithnokids,GremelhaslivedinthesameChicagohousefor95years,andhasalwayslivedsimply”,neighborPatrickFalsotoldTODAY.FalsosaidheheardGremelsaymanytimesthe“moneywasn’tminetobeginwith”andthathealwaysintendedtogiveitaway.TheGremelWildlifeshelterwasfoundedonJune4.IllinoisAudubonSocietypresidentJimHerkertsaidGremel’sdonationwasextremelygenerous.“It’sallowingustoprotectareallyvaluableandimportantpossessionandrealizeoneofGremel’swishesthatwecouldfindaplacewherepeoplecouldcomeoutandexperiencenaturethewayhedidasakid,”HerkerttoldTODAY.Afterdoingallthis,thispastweekend,GremeladoptedanoldChihuahua（吉娃娃犬）.Winniethedogwaspickedupasahomelessdogseveralmonthsago.Shesufferedfromakindofcancer,whichwastreated—andallsheneededwasalovinghome,whichColleenCollins,thefounderofPerfectPoochesAdoptionAgency,wasdeterminedtofind.GremelhadlosthisownbelovedChihuahuaearlierthisyear.WhenhereachedouttoCollinsaboutWinnie,shefeltthiscouldbeagoodmatch.ThatfeelinggrewwhenshebroughtWinnietohishouseforameetandgreet,andWinniewasintroducednotonlytoGremelbutalsosomeofhisfriendsandneighbors.Onehadbroughtoveralotoffreshstrawberries;allsaidthey’dbetheretohelpoutinanywayneeded.1、PatrickFalsoismentionedinthetextmainlytoexplain_________.A．howGremelearnedthemoney B．whatkindofpersonGremelisC．whyGremelmadethedonation D．whereGremelhasbeenliving2、WhatcanwelearnaboutRussGremelfromthetext?A．Heraisedmanypetdogsinhislife.B．HeboughtWalgreensstockatage28.C．HeadoptedayoungChihuahuarecently.D．Hevolunteeredinwildlifesheltersregularly.3、WhatcanweinferaboutGremel’sneighborsfromthetext?A．Theyliveinharmonywithanimals. B．TheyareimpressedwithdogWinnie.C．Theyleadahealthyandwealthylife. D．Theyarecaringandkindtoeachother.24．（8分）Fromthelossofwildlifetorisingsealevels,we’reallwellawareoftheproblemsthatclimatechangecouldcause.Butwhileitmayseemlikesuchissueswon’taffectmostofusdirectly,itlookslikefuturegenerationscouldgrowupwithoutsomethingthatmanyofusnowtakeforgranted:chocolate.AccordingtoanessaypublishedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,changestotheclimateintheregionsthatproducecacao-theplantfromwhichchocolateisproduced-maymeanthatitwillsoonbecomeextinct.Mostoftheworld’scacaogrowsincountriesclosetotheequator,withoverhalfofitgrowingintheAfricannationsofGhanaandIvoryCoast.It’spredictedthatby2050,climatechangewillhaveacceleratedtherateatwhichtemperaturesinthesecountriesrise,makingitextremelydifficultforcacaotogrowthere.Theproblemdoesn’tlieinincreasedheat,however,butinlowerhumidity(湿度),asit’sbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.“Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,it’sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture(含水量)loss,”MichonScott,theessay’sauthor,wrote.Tohelpfightthisproblem,researchersfromBerkeleyUniversityintheUSareworkingonchangingtheDNAofcacaoplantstoallowthemtosurviveindryerconditionsbyusinggeneeditingtechnology,accordingtoUSNews.Inthemeantime,UScompanyMars,oneoftheworld’sbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts,announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend$1billiontohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.“Thisisaworldissue,anditrequireseveryonetoworktogether,”MarsspokespersonBarryParkintoldBusinessInsider.Themessagehereisthatifwealldoourpart,wemaybeabletopreventsomeoftheworstimpactsofclimatechange.Orifwe’reunlucky,chocolatewillbecomeathingofthepast.1、Whatcouldmakeithardforcacaotosurvivearoundtheequatorinthefuture?A．Theincreasedheatthere.B．Thehigherhumiditythere.C．Thedecreaseinrainfallthere.D．Themoisturelossinthesoilthere.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”intheseventhparagraphmean?A．holdbackB．makeupforC．protectD．accept3、WhatwillUScompanyMarsdotohelpcacaosurvive?A．Itwillworkhardtoplantcacaoingreenhouses.B．Itwillapplygeneeditingtechnologyinplantingcacao.C．Itwillgivefinancialsupporttohelpfightclimatechange.D．Itwilldevelopcacaothatcansurviveindryerconditions.4、Whatmaybethebesttitleofthistext?A．ChocolatecouldbecomehistoryB．WorktogethertofightclimatechangeC．Howdowegrowcacaointhefuture?D．Howdocacaoplantsaffectclimatechange?25．（10分）AnewstudyexploresthecustomoftippingintheUnitedStates.ManyAmericansgivetipstopeoplewhoperformajobforthem,especiallyworkersintheserviceindustry.Theypayalittleextratopeoplecuttingtheirhair,drivingthemacrosstownorservingthemamealatarestaurant.Theresearchersfoundthatmengivebiggertipstorestaurantworkersthanwomen.AndpeoplewholiveinthenorthernUSaremoregenerouswithtipsthanthoselivingintheSouth.Peoplewhoearn$50,000ormoreayeargivebiggertipsthanthosewhoearnlessthan$50,000.Thereisonelikelyreason:thewealthierAmericanshavemoremoneytospend.MichaelLynnisaprofessorofconsumerbehaviorandmarketingattheCornellUniversitySchoolofHotelAdministrationinNewYork.Inotherwords,heknowsalotabouttheissueoftipping.Inearliersurveys,Lynnsaidhefoundmixedresultsonthegenerosityofmenandwomenwhenitcomestotipping.Insomestudies,mengavebiggertipsthanwomen.Inothers,womengavemoremoney.Lynn’sownresearchinAmericanrestaurantsfoundthatmengivebiggertipswhentherestaurantserverisawomanandwomengivemorewhentheserverisaman.Tipsareveryimportanttoserviceemployees.Peoplewhoworkatrestaurantsoftengetmostoftheirearningsfromtips.Nationwide,Americansgenerallytipbetween15to20percentatrestaurantsandleavefrom$2toS10adayforthepeoplewhocleantheirhotelrooms.Tipsof15percentofthereadingonthemeter(计价器)arealsocommonforpeoplewhodrivetaxis.Buthereissomethingtokeepinmind.Ifyouareabletogivethepersonservingyouatiporabiggeronethanwhatisexpected,yourgenerositywillbewelcome.Manyserviceworkersdonotmakemuchmoney,andevenanextradollarortwocanmakeadifferenceintheirlives.1、WhatisparagraphImainlyabout?A．Astudyinarestaurant. B．Ajobofferingalotoftips.C．TheserviceindustryintheUS. D．ThecustomoftippingintheUS.2、WhatisLynn’sfindinginAmericanrestaurants?A．Peoplegivemoretipstotheoppositesexserver.B．Peoplearealwaysmoregeneroustoserviceemployers.C．Mengivethesametipstothewomenrestaurantserversaswomen.D．Menalwaysgivemoretipstothemenrestaurantserversthanwomen.3、HowmuchtipsdoAmericansgenerallypayifthereadingonthetaximeteris$100?A．$2. B．$10.C．$15. D．$20.4、Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardstipping?A．Doubtful. B．Critical.C．Uncaring. D．Supportive.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Sometimesyoumeetanordinarypersondoingsomethingextraordinary.OnarecenttripImetNormandGallant.Normandissomeoneyoucouldpassonthestreetand1noticebutheisaveryspecialpersonwho2recognition.Normlivesinaremoteareafarfromthe3bighospital,sowhenhiswife4cancerseveralyearsago,Normwasfacedwithafourhour5towheresheshouldbetreated.Thatmeantlotsof6formeals,fuel,hotelsandsoon.Butintheendthecancertookhiswife7.Normwasobviously8byhiswife'spassing,buthewasalsoveryangry,9herealizedthatotherpeoplewere10thesamesortsofhardships.Hewantedtodosomethingbuthedidn'twanttogivemoneytothe11thatsupportcancerresearchbecausehedidn’tknowhowmuchwouldactuallygettotheresearchers.Whathedidwasto12parties.AbouteverythreeweeksonSaturdayevenings,thereisapartyinNorm’sgarage.Thereismusicanddancingand13duringtheeveningNormtellsaboutafamilywhoarehavingdifficulties14thecostsupportingacancerpatientundertaking15farfromhome.Thenahoney-pa1ispassedaroundandthemoney16,everycentofitgoes17tothatfamily.Norm'spersonallosshas18anactofkindnessthathonorsthe19ofthewifehehaslost.Wouldn'titbe20ifwehadmorepeopleintheworldlikeNormandGallant?Hemakestheworldabetterplace.1、A．oftenB．everC．alwaysD．never2、A．deserves.B．dislikesC．avoidsD．achieves3、A．bestB．nearestC．cleanestD．cheapest4、A．discoveredB．curedC．examinedD．developed5、A．flightB．walkC．driveD．wait6、A．troubleB．expenseC．effortsD．preparations7、A．anywayB．somehowC．meanwhileD．instead8、A．impressedB．strickenC．movedD．terrified9、A．ifB．althoughC．beforeD．because10、A．understandingB．questioningC．facingD．settling11、A．doctorsB．familiesC．organizationsD．hospitals12、A．attendB．promoteC．throwD．enjoy13、A．atsomepointB．bythismeansC．forsomereasonD．inthiscase14、A．calculatingB．decreasingC．budgetingD．meeting15、A．researchB．treatmentC．responsibilityD．risk16、A．collectedB．distributedC．savedD．deposited17、A．graduallyB．smoothlyC．directlyD．explicitly18、A．servedasB．resultedfromC．gonethroughD．contributedto19、A．memoryB．recoveryC．cancerD．kindness20、A．interestingB．niceC．preciousD．meaningful第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）TheAmberRoom,an1．(amaze)treasure,whichwasdecoratedwithgoldandjewels,wasmadeofseveraltonsof2．(select)amber.Itfirst3．(belong)totheKingofPrussiaandwasgiventoPetertheGreatasagift.TheCzarsentFrederickWilliamatroopofhisbestsoldiers4．return.LateritwasmovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburg5．CatherineΠspenthersummers.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,whenGermanyandRussiawereatwar,TheNazisstoletheroom6．(secret).Inlessthantwodays100,000peiceswereputintotwenty-seven7．(wood)boxesandputonatrainforKünisberg.Afterthat,whathappenedtotheAmberRoom8．(remain)amysteryandtheroomisnowmissing.Recently,theRussiansandGermanshavebuiltanewAmberRoom,9．looksliketheoldone,10．(celebrate)the300thbirthdayofthecityofStPetersburg.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）Dearfriends,Aswecansee,theenvironmentaroundusisgettingworseotherthanbetter、Ourlifeandhealthhaveaffectedgreatly、Theearthisourhome,butwehaveadutytotakecareofit,notonlyforourselvesbutforfuturegenerations、Fortunate,moreandmorepeoplehavebecomeawareofthisproblem、Manyeffectivelymeasureshavebeentakenbythegovernmenttodealwiththem、Asastudent,Ithinkweshoulddowhatwecanimprovetheenvironment、First,gotoschoolonfeetorbybikeasoftenaspossible、Second,turnonthelightsandotherelectricalappliancesbeforeleavingtheroom、Third,neverthrowrubbishhereandthere、It’stimethatwedosomethingtoprotectourenvironment、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假定你是李华，在你班学习一个月的美国男孩Tom不太适应这