2024北京昌平区高三（上）期末英语试题及答案

2024北京昌平高三（上）期末英语本试卷共页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenHalloweenarrives,youknowthereisboundtobesomemischief(恶作剧).SoIentirelysurprisedwhenIopenedmyfrontdoornighttoseemycandybowlcompletely—andverysuddenly—1.bethiswasaftersomelightrain2thestreetofmosttrick-or-treatersandtheyoungesthadalreadymadetherounds.Ineversawwhotookit,butIshout“HappyHalloween!”intothenightacandytheftideal?Nope.But,weallmake3—especiallykids.What4mewaswhatappearedinfrontofmydoorthenextevening:aplasticbagfilledwiththelostStucktoitwasthefollowinghandwrittennote:“Hello,IamthekidthattookallofyourAfterthinkingitoverIwantto5.Becauseitwaslateandnooneelsewasout,IthoughtitwasOK.Itwasnot.Itookthecandyyousaiditwas6.So,IamandI’dliketogivethecandyback.Maybeyoucangiveittoakidis7.”AtinyHalloweenmiracle!Ihaveneverbeenprouderofakidwhomine.Iassumeaparenthadsomethingtodowiththissuddenreflective8,butI’llneverknowforsure.WhatIdohopeisthatthiskidknowshowgooditcanfeelto9awrong.Ihopetheythinkthey’rebad—simplythattheymadeanot-so-greatchoice.Theydodeservetogettheirfillandhavefunandrunwild.10,nextyearthey’llcomebackformore.1.A.empty2.A.3.A.decisions4.A.delight5.A.B.B.clearedB.changesB.C.C.C.choicesC.surpriseC.C.dirtyB.B.finecomplain6.A.第1页/共14页7.A.deserving8.A.turnB.daringC.C.approachC.amusingtripB.B.9.A.10.A.NormallyB.HopefullyC.UndoubtedlyAmazingly第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ALastmonth,studentselementaryschool,withthehelptheirart(create)atelephonehotlinethatpeoplecancalltogetcheerfuladvicefromkidsduringtimes.Thehotlinewasavailable12EnglishandSpanish.Itthehappyvoicesofchildrenofages13(share)positivemessages.Forexample,bypressing3,youcanhearagroupofkindergartnerssayingtogether:candoit!Keeptrying,giveup!”BEcosiaisasearchenginethatplantstreesbydonatingmajorityof14(it)profittoenvironmentalorganizations.Inreturn,thenon-profitorganizationsusedthefundtoplanttreesintheplaces15theyareneededthemost.everysearchyoumakethroughEcosia,you’rehelpingaglobalcommunitythat16(focus)onreforestationandforestconservation.over7millionEcosiausers,thecompanyhasalreadyplantedovermilliontrees.AsinternetuserscontinuetosearchonlineonEcosia,thisnumber17(expect)toincreaseoverthecoursetime.CCitywalk,auniquewaytoexperienceurbancultureandlifestyle,ismanyyoungstersinChinaenjoydoingwhentheyvisitanewcitywalkswereledbyprofessionalguides,followingplannedroutesthroughcityneighborhoods19(gain)insightsintolocalculture,andarchitecture.recentversionsofcitywalksinChinahavetakenonamorecasualapproach.Theyinvolvewandering20(aimless)aroundthevisitingscenicspots,andcapturing捕捉)moments.Infact,simply“walkinginthe第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheCommonProgram(TCYWP)welcomesschoolstudentspassionateaboutcreativewritingtojoinvirtualclassesfortwoinspiringweeksdedicatedtofictionwriting.Students第2页/共14页willlearnandexperimentwiththekeybuildingblocksoffictionandbeguidedthroughtheprocessofwritingandrevisingtheirownshortstories.Attheendtheprogram,studentswillmoreconfidentintheirskillsandmoreconnectedtoasupportivewritingbytheeditorsandeditorialassistantsofAmherstliterarymagazine,thesummercourserunMonday-Fridayandareopentoallhighschoolstudents.FictionClassOurfictionclassguidesstudentsthroughtheprocessofwritingashortNopreviouswritingexperienceisThroughdailywritingassignmentsandclassmeetings,studentswilllearnaboutthekeybuildingblocksoffictionandwilleachcompletetheirownshortstorybytheendofthecourse.Inadditiontosubmittingdailyassignments,studentswillmeetasagroupwithourinstructorsonline.Studentswillalsomeetindividuallywithaninstructortodiscusstheirownshortstories,andwillnotonlyreceivewrittenfeedbackontheirfirstdraftsandfinalstories,onalldailyassignments.Studentsshouldexpecttospendaround3-4hourseachontheirassignments,includingmeetingtimes.Classsizewillbesmall,andwe’llbreakintosmallgroupsfordiscussionsduringeachsession.Cost&ScholarshipsThecostoftheTCYWPtwo-weekprogramis$725.hopethatnostudentwillletfinancialdifficultypreventthemfromapplying.waivers(学费减免)willbeawardedtostudentswithstrongapplicationswhocannotattendtheprogramwithoutfinancialassistance.Intheapplication,studentswillhavetheopportunitytobrieflydescribetheirfinancialcircumstancesandstatetheamounttheycouldtoififacceptedintotheprogram.Nodocumentationisrequired.Contactusatinfo@,thereisanyquestion.21.ParticipantsoftheCommonProgramwill______.A.attendavirtuallearningcourseB.meetgreatwritersfromcollegesC.becomepassionateaboutwritingD.gainconfidenceinwritingreports22.IntheFictionClass,studentsneedto______.A.completeawritingassignmenteverydayB.discusstheirownstoryinagroupmeetingC.provetheyhavepreviouswritingexperienceD.spendmorethan4hoursontheirassignments23.Whichisarequirementforthetuitionwaiver?A.RecommendationfromtheTCYWPoffice.B.Certificateoftheacademicachievement.第3页/共14页C.Documentstoprovetheneedoffinancialhelp.D.Applicationtoexplainthefinancialdifficulties.BMybirthalittlemoredramaticthanthestandardwayababyenterstheworld.minutesofcomingout,Iwasbroughtintoanotherroomwhiledoctorsgavemyparentsthedifficultnews:Iwasbornmissingmylefthand.I’msurewasquitedifficultforthem.Myparentstookgoodcareofme.Iplayedsports,actedinstoodoutinschool,participatedinstudentgovernmentandhadplaydateswithfriends.WhileIdidsomestaresand“polite”questionsaboutmyIamluckybecauseImadefunformylimb肢体)difference.Askidsdo,Iquicklylearnedtoadapt,workingaroundthe“missing”hand.Oneofmyearliestmemoriesismyfathertryingtoteachmetotiemyshoes.Igentlypushedhimoutofthewaybecausehistwo-handedmethodworkforme,andIfiguredoutawaytodoitwithonehand.thatfactthatIwasdifferenthithardmyfirstofhighschool.Iwas13,anagewhenkidsarealreadyveryself-consciousandthedemandtofitinincreases.Iremembergettingontheyellowschoolbusandoneoftheotherkidsstaredjustalittletoolongatmyleftarm.Thestaringdiscouragedmeinawayitneverhadbefore,andIfeltasuddentohidemyhand,Iimpulsively(冲动地)slippeditintomypocket.ItoldmyselfthatI’djusthideitthatwhileIwastryingtomakefriends.Butoneofhidingturnedintoaweek,whichturnedintoamonth,whichbecameyears—25themtobeexact.ofhidingandsothetransformationprocesscametome.Istartedwithphysicalcare.AndwhenIwas38yearsold,Imetsomeonespecialandinvitedthemin.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iallowedsomeonetoreallyholdlimb,lookatit,takepicturesofit,touchit,loveit—loveme.Fromthatpointon,Isawmylimbassomethinguniqueandbeautifulaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden.Hidingthings,especiallyfromlovedones,isexhaustingandhurting,anditpreventsusfromgettinghelpandsupport.Unhidingcansetyoufree.24.Whentheauthorwasakid,shefeltherlimbwas.A.meaningfulB.inconvenientC.specialD.acceptable25.Whydidtheauthordecidetohideherhand?A.Shewaslaughedatonthebus.B.Shefeltafraidscaringothers.C.Shebecamesensitiveatthatage.D.Shegotdiscouragedher26.Theauthorstartedtransformationinherbecause______.A.herhandwastouchedandloved第4页/共14页B.shereceivedausefulphysicalcareC.someonespecialcameintoherlifeD.shehadadesiretomakeachange27.Whatwelearnfromthispassage?A.Familyloveisimportantforourgrowth.B.Stoppinghidingopensupanewworld.C.isthebestcureforabrokenheart.D.Innerbeautymattersmorethanappearance.CDroughtisincreasingprobleminourwarmingworld.Allcontinentshavebeenexperiencingmoreextendedperiodswithoutrain,leadingtoforestfiresandpoorcropgrowth.peoplearelookingatcloudseedingtosolvetheproblem—amethodofencouragingprecipitation(降水)bysendingsmallparticlescertainchemicalsintoclouds.Cloud-seedingexpertArlenHugginshasbeenstudyingitseffectiveness.“Myearliestexperiencewastousecloudseedingtoreducetheamountofhail()innortheastColorado.haveanyluckwiththat,butwehadsuccesslateroninincreasingsnowfallinUtah.thefocusisshiftingtowardsincreasingrainfallfromsummerclouds,whichisfarmoreunpredictable.”saidhe.Theproblemisthatprettyhardtoknowwhetherprecipitationresulteddirectlyfromcloudseeding.ItmighthaverainedorsnowedEvenifcloudinoneplaceandinimpossibletoknowforsurewhatcausedtheprecipitation.Also,notduringfoggyandsnowyconditionsthatpeoplethinkofincreasingthechanceofrainfall.Whenacountryishitbydrought,cloudseedinganoptionduetothelackofclouds.Duringdrought,skiestendbeclearwithfewclouds.ThebestoptiontopreventdroughtistoseedattimesoftheyearwhenrainfalllevelsarenormalorThatslightlymoreraincanstoredthedryseason.Ascloudseedingisexpensiveanditseffectivenesstenuous,itsusefulnessisstillamatteropinion.UniversityofColoradoresearcherKatjaFriedrichsayscloudseedingendadrought.itcanbebeneficial,provideditoccursalongsideotherwaterconservationstrategies.Still,forthattohappen,thewaterwouldneedtobecapturedandstoredTherearealsoenvironmentalissuesregardingtheimpactofcloudseeding.Athighlevels,thechemicalssentintothecloudscanharmhumansandotheranimals,andsomestudieshavefoundthemslightlypoisonous.Apartfromthat,someenvironmentalistsareconcernedaboutthelong-termimpacts,astheredataonmuchthosechemicalsaccumulate(累积)intheenvironmentover10years.Anotherfearisthatcloudseedingcouldpotentiallystealwaterfromneighbouringareasbyencouragingthewaterincloudsthatwouldotherwisefallsomewhereelsetofallinyourlocation.If第5页/共14页onecountryusescloudseedingtocreaterain,aneighbouringcountrywillalsobeverylikelytoloseoutbecausecloudsareconstantlyformingandreforming.28.InHuggins’firstcloudseedingwasusedtoA.increaseannualsnowfallinUtah.B.sendchemicalsintosummercloudsC.lowertheamounthailinColoradoD.putoutforestfireshelpcropsgrow29.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordtenuousinthefourthparagraphprobablymean?A.Negative.B.C.Surprising.D.30.thebesttitleofthepassage?A.Shouldweseedcloudstomakerain?B.Shouldweseedcloudsatalowerprice?C.Cancloudseedinghelpendadrought?D.Cancloudseedingbemoreeco-friendly?DWhatdoesitmeantointelligent?Ifdefinedbyhavingthebiggestbrain,thenspermwhales—whosebrainis20pounds—wouldbethebrightestcreaturesonEarth.But,moreintelligenceiswhatgivesanthebestchancetosurviveinanenvironment.Languagemaybeoneofthebestwaystodemonstratethatkindofsmarts.Thoughallanimalscancommunicatewithothers,humansareoneofthefewspeciestohaveaspokenlanguage.Usingspeech,wecouldsharecomplexideas,passknowledgethroughgenerations,andcreatecommunities.Whetherspokenlanguageactuallyhelpedusevolve(进化)asspeciesintomoreadvancedbeings,hasneverreallybeentested.“Languageallowinghumanstobeamoreadvancedspeciesisanassumptionthatsomebodycameupwithonedaywithoutreallytryingtoproveit,”saysErichJarvis,aprofessorwhostudiestheneurobiologyofvocallearning.ButJarvisandhiscolleagueswereabletoexaminethisassumptionwiththehelpofsongbirds.Jarvis’newstudyprovidessomeofthefirstevidencethatvocallearning—oneofthecrucialcomponentsforaspokenlanguage—isassociatedwithproblem-solving.learningistheabilitytoproducenewsoundsbyimitating模仿)others,relyingonexperienceratherthaninstinct.getabettergraspofvocallearningandcognition(认知),thestudyauthorsturnedtosongbirds.Theteamperformedsevencognitiveexperimentson214songbirdsfrom23differentspecies.Ofthese,21specieswerecaughtfromthewild.songbirdsstudiedaredomesticated.behavioraltestsexaminedthebirds’problemsolving,forinstancebyfiguringouthowtoremoveanobjecttoaccess第6页/共14页thefoodreward.Theresearchersalsotestedtwootherskillsoftenassociatedwithintelligence:learningbyassociation,pluscalledreversal(倒转的)learning,inwhichananimaladjustsitsbehaviortogetareward.Theythenlookedatwhetherbeingvocallearnershelpeddevelopthethreeskills,comparingbirdspeciestotwoothers,whichwerevocalnon-learners.Thebiologistsnoticedastrongrelationshipbetweenvocallearningandproblem-solvingskills.learningbirdspeciescouldcomeupwithinnovativeideas,suchgettingseeds,oratrappedunderacupbyremovingtheobstacleorpullingitapart.threeabilities—problemsolving,associativelearning,andreversallearning—aretypicallyconsidered“componentsofintelligence,”hesays.Brainsizewasanotherbenefittovocallearningthatmayhavesupportedtheseproblem-solvingabilities.21vocal-learningspecieshadslightlybrains,relativetotheirbodysize,thanthetwowhoJarvissayspossiblethesebig-headedbirdspackedmoreneurons.Onequestionleftunanswerediswhysuchastrongrelationshipbetweenproblem-solvingabilitiesandvocallearning.Thebrainareasinofvocallearningarenotthesameonesthatgetactivatedweneedtotroubleshootanissue,saysJarvis.31.Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto______.A.promoteanewtheoryC.presentanassumptionB.anexampleD.makeacontrast32.WhydoesJarviscarryoutthestudy?A.examinetheproblem-solvingabilityofsongbirds.B.provethesignificanceofvocallearningtohumans.C.illustratetheinfluenceofbrainsizeonvocallearning.D.testtherelationbetweenvocallearningandintelligence.33.Whatdoweknowfromthestudyonsongbirds?A.Advancedspeciesbetterproblem-solvingB.learnershaveabetterdevelopmentintelligence.C.Betterproblem-solvingabilityleadstobiggerbrainsize.D.Humansandsongbirdsarebothgoodatvocallearning.34.caninferthatfuturestudywillfocuson________.A.humans’problem-solvingabilitiesdevelopbetterB.howotherabilitiesareconnectedtosongbirds’intelligenceC.howproblem-solvingandvocallearningbrainareasarerelatedD.whyvocallearningexistinvarioussongbirdsspecies第二节（共5小题；每小2分，共10分）第7页/共14页根据短文内容，从短文题后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。GetComfortableGivingHonestFeedbackShouldyoucautiouslytellacoworkerbeenmispronouncinganame?Orwouldyoutellsomeoneaboutthepieceofvegetableleftinhisteeth?35Recentresearchfindsthatacommoncognitiveerrormayhelpexplainwhy—andthatasimpleapproachcouldhelpovercomeit.Infiveexperiments,studyparticipantstookpartinreal-timeinteractionsinwhichtheygaveorreceivedfeedback.Thosewhogavefeedbackestimatedhowmuchtheotherpersonwantedtohearawell-intentionedcriticism;receiversreportedtheiractualdesireforconstructivecritiques.36miscalculationwasparticularlyobviouswhenthefeedbackwasconsideredratheressentialfortheresult,wellasthosetheinformationpredictedthatdoingsowouldbesociallyuncomfortable,eitherforthemselvesorfortheTheunderestimationislikelyduetoahumantendencytoascribe(归因)differentmotivesanddesirestoothersthanwedotoourselves,saysHarvarddoctoralstudentNicoleAbi-Esber,whoauthoredthePeopletendtofeedbackforthemselves,buttheyunderestimatehowmuchotherswantit,too.37Skippingconstructivecriticismcouldhaveconsequences.Inthesubjectswereaskedtoengageinapublic-speakingcontest.Thefeedback-givers,again,underestimatedthespeakers’desireforconstructivecriticism.thatshowedthemostimprovement.38itwasthespeakerswhoheardmorecriticalfeedbackIsitpossibletoovercomethisandgetbetteratgivingfeedbackwhenmostneeded?39asecondandimagineyouaretheotherperson,”Abi-Esbersuggests.Ifyou’dwantfeedback,likelytheotherpersonfeelsthesame—andmightevenbegratefulthatyoutookthetimetospeakup.A.Theychosetogivethempraisesinstead.B.Aquickrole-exchangingexercisecouldmovetheneedle.C.ItcanalsohelpidentifypotentialproblemsbeforetheyD.Thereasonisthatthey’reputtingthemselvesintheothershoes.E.HowyouaskforfeedbackmaystopyoufromhearingwhatyouneedtoManypeoplehesitatetosuchhonestcriticismevenwhenthebenefitsseemobvious.Feedback-giversalwaysunderestimatedhowmuchotherswantedtohearhelpfulcriticism.第三部分书面表达（共两节，分)第8页/共14页第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Whenadvisingchildrenandadolescentswhoarelearningtoregulatetheiremotions,expertsexplainthathowtheythinktheyfeel.Afterchildrenlearntousesomebasictechniquestoregulatetheiremotions,agreatersenseofinternalcontrolarises.peoplestarttonoticethepowertheycanfeelintheirmindschangingtheirthoughtpatterns.“Ibelievethatchangingourthinkingpatternshelpsengagedifferentpartsofthebrain,”saidRanD.theauthorChangingLiveswithHypnosis:AJourneytothe“Forinstance,wemayfindourselveshabituallythinkinginaparticularwaythatpredictablymakesusfeelforexampleanxious,orsad.PeoplecanbecomeangrytheyfeelthattheyhavebeentreatedpoorlyorhavenotgottentheirTheangeroccursbecausethepersonfocusestheperceived(察觉到的)injustice.Whenweshiftourthinking,wecanmoreeasilycreatehealthierthoughtpatterns.”Forinstance,14-year-old“Sarah”becameangrywithherparentsforrestrictingheruseofsocialmedia.Whilediscussingwhyherparentsdidso,Sarahrecognizedthattheywereattemptingtoprotectherfromsomeoftheillofoverusingsocialmedia.Sarahletgoherswitchedfromthinkingaboutherfrustrationwithparents’restrictionsandinsteadfocusedherthoughtsonhowtosolvethedilemma困境)regardingheroverusesocialmedia.Shewasabletorecognizethatherparentswerehervaluablefriendsratherthanheropponents.peopleexplaintothemselvesandothersthattheirpoormoodisrelatedtounfortunatecircumstances.Whileholdingsuchabelief,peoplesometimestakecomfortintheideathatsincetheycannotchangetheircircumstances,thereshouldbenoexpectationthattheytakeofimprovingtheirfeelings.asdemonstratedinthispost,ouremotionalresponsetounfortunatecircumstancescanbebroughtunderourcontrolandimprovedthroughachangeinourthinkingpatterns.Sometimes,thatchangecanevenhelpusfigurenewwaystoactthatalsowillimproveoursituation.40.Whathappensafterchildrenregulatetheiremotion?41.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofSarahinthe3rdparagraph?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitexplainPeoplealwaysbelievetheirpoormoodisduetounfortunatecircumstances,sotheywilltrytochangetheirsituationinordertohaveagoodmood.43.Besideschangingthinkingpatterns,doyouhaveotherway(s)tocontrolyouremotions?(Inabout40words)第9页/共14页第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，近期你的英国笔友Jim得知你的学校上周举办了“长城之约”(AdatewiththeGreat主题文化宣传活动，来信询问你活动的详情，请给他写一封邮件介绍相关情况。内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动内容。注意:1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua第10页/14页参考答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1．A6．B2．B7．A3．D8．A4．C9．D5．C10.B第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）．created12.in13.sharing14.its15.where19.togain20.aimlessly16.focuses17.isexpected18.what评分原则1.写出正确答案的同时，如出现影响理解的冗余信息，不得分；如不影响理解，不扣分。2.大小写扣0.5分。3.拼写错误不得分。4.语态考点里如出现时态错误，不得分。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共28分）21．A26．D31．C22．A27．B32．D23．D28．C33．D24．D29．B34．C25．C30．A第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）35．F36．G37．D38．A第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）39．B第一节（共4小题；第1-2题每小题2分，第3小题3分，第4题5分，共12分）40.Agreatersenseinternalcontrolarises.内容：意义忠实于原文，表达内容完整2分。语言不完整扣1分，语言表达与试题答案无关或者关联性较小0分。语言：准确、连贯。语言表达有少量错误，但不影响理解，扣1分。语言质量影响理解给0分。41.showwhenshiftthinking,canmoreeasilycreatehealthierthoughtpatterns.TheauthormentionstheexampleSaratoshowwhenweshiftourthinking,wecanmoreeasilycreatehealthierthoughtpatterns.内容：意义忠实于原文，表达内容完整2分。语言不完整扣1分，语言表达与试题答案无关或者关联性较小0分。语言：准确、连贯2分。语言表达有少量错误，但不影响理解，扣1分。语言质量影响理解给0分。42.一、划线标准划线Peoplealwaysbelievetheirpoormoodisduetounfortunatecircumstanc