Unit5 Listening and Speaking-Reading and Thinking 词汇精讲课堂

词汇课堂版本：新人教单元：必修二Unit5(ListeningandSpeaking—ReadingandThinking)本单元词汇梳理1.classical：classic+-al；词块：classicalmusic

词族：class,classic,classical2.energy：en-(in在里面)+-erg(work工作)+-y→在里面工作产生的能→基本义“能量”

派生词：energetic

词块：befullofenergy3.soul：Knowledgeisthefoodofthesoul.

熟词生义：人4.stringed：词块：stringedinstrument5.virtual：词块：thevirtualworld,virtualchoir,VR(virtualreality)6.composition：com-(一起)+posit-(放置)+-ion→放到一起→把思想放在一起→创作、作品、作文7.opportunity：近义词：chance词块：take/seize/missanopportunity,anopportunitytodosth/for(doing)sth8.perform：词族：perform,performance,performerperform词块：performanexperiment/anoperation,performone’sduties/promiseperformance词块：give/putonaperformance=perform;good/poor/badperformance=performwell/poorly/badly9.onto：on+to10.studio：与study同源，词源义为“画家、雕刻家的工作室”，后衍生到电影、广播等领域的“录音棚；摄影棚”11.ordinary：词块：ordinarypeople12.enable：en-(使)+able

词块：enablesbtodosth13.prove：词块：provesthtosb,prove(tobe)+adj/n14.award：词块：win/get/gain/receiveanaward

名词动词化：awardsbsth/awardsthtosb15.composer：compose(v

作曲)+-er16.conductor：conduct(必修二U1v

指挥)+-or

熟词生义：列车长、售票员17.original：词源：来自origin(起源、发源)，引申义“原创的”

词块：originalcreations原创

同族词：origin,original,originally18.phenomenon：复数phenomena

词块：anaturalphenomenon19.stage：隐喻：具体的“舞台”→抽象的人生的“舞台”，即“时期”

熟词生义：时期；阶段

词块：onstage,setthestagefor20.altogether：来自复合词alltogether总共→完全(completely)21.thus：句子副词，是正式用语22.band：词源义是“用来捆扎的细带子”，但现在常用的是它在各领域的衍生含义，最常见的就是“乐队”（结合到一起的团队）。band—bandage（绷带）；band-aid邦迪23.rap：拟声词，模仿敲打的声音，后引申词义说唱

派生词：rapper24.nowadays：now+adayes(duringtheday)，现在的日子→现今重难点词精讲proveenergysouloriginal一词多义熟词生义搭配义一词多义辨析义opportunity搭配义perform一词多义award辨析义energyn

[复数]精力；力量theeffortandattentionwhichyougivetodoingsth：apply/devote/putone’senergiesinto/tosth

Parentsshoulddevotesomeoftheirenergiestotakingtheirkidsintonature.

[U]

活力；干劲

theabilitytobeveryactiveordoalotofworkwithoutgettingtired：She’salwaysfullofenergy.

[U]

能量；能源：low-carbon/renewableenergyTraditionalsourcesofenergylikeoilandgasmaysomedayrunout.

词源解读：en-(in在里面)+-erg(work工作)+-y→在里面工作产生的能→基本义“能量”能量（基本义）精力；力量活力；干劲人身体具有的能量做事情投入的能量

能量；能源energy语义网络太阳等的能量辨析force,energy,strength,power四者都有“力”“力量”之意，但具体意思不同。force

指外力、强迫力、破坏力(包括武力)；物理学中指“力”。•Theforceoftheexplosionblewoutallthewindows.

energy

指人的精力、活力；物理学中指“能量”。•Wheredoesthelittlegirlgetherenergy?

•theworld’senergyresources

strength指人体或物体内存在的力，如气力、耐力、抵抗力。•Shedidn’tevenhavethestrengthtostandup.

•Theboyliftedthestonewithallhisstrength.

power

指人的权力、势力、能力，物的“能力”。物理学中指“动力”“功率”。•Thepartycametopoweratthelastelection.

•Iwilldoeverythinginmypowertohelpyou.

►energeticR2

adj

有活力的；精力旺盛的；充满活力的；需要能量的：Myfatherislivelyandenergetic,butheisnotverypatient.►

energeticallyadv精力充沛地；积极地【词汇拓展】Knowledgeisthefoodofthesoul.知识是精神食粮。——柏拉图soul柏拉图（Plato，公元前427年—公元前347年），是古希腊伟大的哲学家，也是整个西方文化中最伟大的哲学家和思想家之一。柏拉图和老师苏格拉底，学生亚里士多德并称为希腊三贤。soul

R3

n[C]

灵魂；心灵；精神：prayforthesoulsofthedeadKnowledgeisthefoodofthesoul.

精髓；中心人物：thesoulofabook

人：Wehaddriventenhoursalongtheroadbuttherewasnotasoulinsight.opportunityOpportunityknocksbutonce.机会只有一次。（机不可失。）在轮船发明之前，人们航海时极其依赖海上的风。如果在归航时，风向恰好吹向港口，那就可以轻松地返航；如果风向不对，就得几经周折周折，甚至可能滞留海上无法回到港口。不过，风向恰好吹向港口的情况很少见，如果能够遇到实属幸运。拉丁语中，水手们将归航时顺风称为opportunus，由ob-（toward朝向）+portus（port港口）组成，字面意思是“风吹向港口”，由此产生了英语单词opportune（恰好的），后来又产生了英语单词opportunity（机会）。opportunity词源故事opportunityn[C]&[U]机会；时机：rare/golden/perfectopportunitytake/seize/use/provide/missanopportunity(todosth)HowshewishedforanopportunitytovisittheGreatWall.MayItakethisopportunitytothankyouforallyourhardwork.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaswecan.Mealtimesareanexcellentopportunityforconversation.There’llbeplentyofopportunityforrelaxing/torelaxoncetheworkisdone.同义异构：chance

“ABuddismgodnessGuanyinBodhisattva”istheChinesenationalculturalheritageofmankind.Itis_______(perform)bydisable_______(perform).The________(perform)movedthewholeChina.perform&performanceperformedperformersperformance

vt

做；履行；执行todosth,especiallysthdifficultoruseful

(carryout)：performanexperiment/anoperation/a

miracleYoushouldperform

yourduties/promise.

vt&vi表演；演出：I’veneverseenaShakespeare’splayperformedsowonderfully.

vi

表现；运转：Hewasdisappointedbecausehehadnotperformedwellinthe1988SeoulOlympics.Themachineisperformingverypoorly.perform

v日常英语中更常用carryout做（基本义）做；履行；执行表演；演出做演出之类的事情（人）做事情（人）表现；运转perform语义网络人做事情/机器运作的结果

[C]表演；演出：givealiveperformanceputonaperformanceofHamlet

[C]&[U]表现；业绩：academicperformanceMygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftmeoptimisticaboutmyfuture.

2014

安徽Hecriticizedtherecentpoorperformanceofthecompany.performance

n

performer

n[C]

表演者；执行者

vt证明；证实：Riisbelievedthatpovertycausedcrime,andheusedphotostohelphimprovehispoint.

2008陕西①provesthtosb:JustgivemeachanceandI’llproveittoyou.

注：表示向某人证明某事时应该用provesthtosb，而不能用provesbsth。②provesb/sth(tobe)+adj/n:Theyputmeinprison,but,intheend,Iwasprovedinnocent.Heprovedhimself(tobe)abetterdriverthantheworldchampion.

provev(proved,proved/proven)③prove+(that)/wh-从句：Sarahwantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.

2017全国Thechallengeprovedhowdifficultitistodriveacrossadesertwithoutguidance.

④itisprovedthat:Ithasbeenprovedthateatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.⑤proveoneself(tosb):WhenIfirststartedthisjob,IfeltIhadtoprovemyself.

［用作系动词］证明是；被发现是

(turnout)：①prove+adj/n:Thebookhasprovedverysuccessful.

②provetobesth:Heprovedtobeanhonestfriend.award奥斯卡金像奖（Oscars），又名美国电影艺术与科学学院奖（AcademyAwards，中文简称学院奖），是美国历史最为悠久、最具权威性和专业性的电影类奖项，也是全世界最具影响力的电影类奖项。。n[C]奖；奖金；奖品；奖状：anawardof$10,000win/get/gain/obtain/receiveanaward“LifetimeAchievement”award2019全国Theawardforthisyear’sbestactresswenttoEmmaStone.awardaward

指因某种突出的成就而由官方颁发的奖赏或荣誉，可以是“奖(品)”、“奖状”、“奖金”等。award比reward更正式，toofficiallygivesbaprizeormoney。prize指因在某方面作出巨大的贡献或在竞赛、比赛中胜出而获得的“奖赏”、“奖品”。辨award,prize

vt授予；给予；判给：awardsbsth/awardsthtosb:ANobelPrizewasawardedtoTuYouyouin2015.TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize./TheyawardedthefirstprizetoJohn.Thecourtawardeddamagesof$5,000totheinjuredman.看图猜词100%原创theoriginalsheet原文件thecopiedones复印件originalcreation原创作品“firstintime,earliest”（最初的；最早的），来自origin（起源、发源），引申义“原创的”。original词源解读original

adj

［只用于名词前］最初的；原先的first;earliest(beforeanychangesordevelopments)：Sadlythelibraryhadmovedfromitsoriginalplaceintoanotherbuilding.

［只用于名词前］原创的；原作的：Inaword,toreadtheoriginalworkisbetterthantoseethefilmbasedonit.

新颖的；创新的；独特的newandinteresting;differentfromothersofitstype：That’snotaveryoriginalsuggestion.n[C]原文；原作；原稿：thebookintheoriginal►originalityn[U]

独创性；创造力original

语义网络图“最初的”事物“最初的”作品最初的；原先的原创的；原作的最初的（基本义）original“最初的”见解、看法等新颖的；创新的；独特的词汇拓展originally

adv起初；原来：Thestorewasoriginallyquitesmall.Originally,wehadplannedatourofScotland,butwedidn’tgointheend.本单元金句汇总1.She’salwaysfullofenergy.2.Knowledgeisthefoodofthesoul.3.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaswecan.4.JustgivemeachanceandI’llproveittoyou.

5.Thebookhasprovedverysuccessful.

6.TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize./TheyawardedthefirstprizetoJohn.随堂检测一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergytowhichwemayreturninthenearfuture.(2010上海) ___________2.Theemotional,physicalandmentalenergymothersdevotetotheirchildrencanbenever-ending.(2015四川) ___________3.Hewasfullofenergy,throwingthingsaroundandmakingahugemess.(2014湖北) ___________二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。Runningischeap,easyandit’salways___________(energy).energyenergetic能量精力活力soul根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。1.LegendhasitthattheoriginoftheDragonBoatFestivalistorecallthesoulofQuYuan.

(2014江苏) ___________2.She’slostallhermoney,poorsoul. ___________3.Shehasasoulabovematerialpleasures. ___________4.Theeyeisthewindowofthesoul. ___________5.Hewasthelifeandsouloftheenterprise. ___________6.Learntofindthesoulofabookandassimilate

(融入)itintoyourlife. ___________人灵魂精神心灵中心人物精髓一、根据所给汉语及提示，用opportunity的词块完成下列句子。1.Gamesandsongsprovidethe_________________

(理想的机会)forclassroominteractionandlanguagedevelopment.2.There’llbeplentyof___________________________________________(放松的机会)oncetheworkisdone.3.Weshould_________________________

(抓住每次机会)towidenourexperience.二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。1.为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽量多听英语。(opportunity)______________________________________________________________2.我要借此机会对你们的辛勤工作表示感谢。(taketheopportunitytodosth)______________________________________________________________opportunity(an)opportunity/opportunitiesforrelaxing/torelaxperfectopportunitytake/seizeeveryopportunityTolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaswecan.Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytothankyouforallyourhardwork.一、用perform的正确形式完成下列句子。1.Thestar____________ofthematchwasBillHollandwhoscored26points.2.Theorchestrathatgaveanimpressive____________tonightwillbe_____________attheSilverPalacenextweek.3.Nomatterhowfrequently_____________,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.performerperformanceperformingperformedperform&performance二、根据所给汉语提示，完成下列句子。1.ItissaidthatButterflyLovers________________(是由……表演)somefamousShaoxingOperaactresses.2.Whatmadethefansdelightedwasthattheyoungplayer_______________________(表现极好)inthetabletennistournament.(2011湖北完成句子)3.Youcantalktotherobot,askitquestions,andmakerequestsforitto_______________________(执行不同的任务).(2015天津阅读)4.She_________________________(发挥重要作用)inourorganization.5.Researchers_______________________(做实验)tofindoutwhymoreandmorestudentsfavouredlaptopsfornote-taking.(2014辽宁阅读改)isperformedbyperformedextremelywellperformdifferenttasksperformsanimportantroleperformedexperiments翻译下列句子。1.给我一个机会，我会证明给你看。Justgivemeachanceand_______________________.2.事实证明了这本书非常成功。_______________________________________3.

经证实，童年时吃蔬菜有助于日后不生大病。_________________________eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.proveI’llproveittoyouThebookhasproved(tobe)verysuccessful/agreatsuccess.Ithasbeenprovedthataward一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitectur