Unit2 Listening and Speaking-Reading and Thinking 词汇精讲课堂

版本：新人教单元：必修一Unit2(ListeningandSpeaking—ReadingandThinking)词汇课堂本单元词汇梳理1.apply：一词多义：基本义“一物用在另一物上”词块：applyforajob,applytouniversity,applytosb,applysunscreen,applyoneselfto词族：apply,applicant,application2.visa：vis(see看见)

+-a名词词尾

同根词：view,visit,television3.rent：英式英语中短期租用hire，长期租用rent；

美式英语中都用rent词块：rentout,tolent(BrE)/forrent(AmE)4.pack：词块apackof

名词动词化；词块：packup,bepackedwith5.构词法：amaze—amazing—amazed（分词形容词）6.arrangement：arrange+-ment(arrange基本义“排列”)词块makearrangementsfor7.extremely：extreme+-ly；英语释义morethanvery8.source：一词多义，基本义“源头”9.narrow：反义词wide

隐喻：具体的“狭窄的”到指人心胸、视野“狭隘的”

形容词动词化，词块：narrowthegenerationgap10.flat：n

flat是英式英语，对应的美式英语是apartment词源：在英国，人们原本习惯居住在独立的房屋中。直到19世纪末期，随着城市化进程和人口增加，伦敦城中传统的独立房屋的价格日益昂贵，越来越多的人负担不起，因此出现了公寓楼。这种楼房由多层构成，每一层都是单独的一套居住单位，人们可以购买或租用楼房中的一层。在英语中，人们管这种楼房中的一套居住单位称为flat，本意是“一层、一个平面”，而一栋公寓楼则称为ablockofflats。flat中的一个房间称作apartment，意思是flat中的一个part（部分）。但到了美国，美国人逐渐用apartment来表示整个flat。但是在英国、香港、新加坡等英联邦国家中，人们还是使用flat来表示一套公寓。

adj词块aflattyre11.powerful：power+-ful12.official：同源词office；词块：officiallanguages13.recognise：re-(again再、重新)+cognoscere(togettoknow)基本义“认出”，词源同know熟词生义“表扬；表彰”派生词：recognition14.type：近义词kind,sort

名词动词化“打字”15.flight：flight是个同形异义词：意为“飞行”时，和动词fly同源；意为“一段楼梯”时，来源于法语另外一个词；意为“逃跑”时，来源于日耳曼语，和英语flee同源。

词块：along/shortflight,book/catch/missaflight16.unique：-un-(one单一)

+-ique(-ic)形容词词尾

词块：beuniqueto17.path：隐喻：具体的“小路”到抽象的“途径”

词块：thepathtosuccess18.destination：词块：reachone’sdestination,aholiday/touristdestination19.admire：词块：admiresbforsth,admirethemoon20.architect：archi-(chief主要的)+-tect

(builder建造者)→主要的建造者→建筑师

构词法：architect—architecture20.package：pack+-age

词块：mail/post/sendapackage,receive/signforapackage,apackagetour21.contact：contact：con-(together共同)+-tact(touch接触)

词块：get/keep/stayincontactwith

熟词生义：“社会关系；门路”

名词动词化：contactsb22.civilisation：civil(国家的、国民的)+-ise(使……化)+-ation23.makeup：一词多义；意味“组成”不用于进行时24.transport：trans-(across横过、越过)

+-port-(tocarry运输、携带)

词块：publictransport一词多义narrowmakeup重难点词精讲一词多义apply一词多义熟词生义pack&packagearrangement&arrange一词多义搭配source一词多义recognise一词多义英语释义contact一词多义熟词生义一词多义搭配apply词源义：bringthingsincontactwithoneanother，使事物接触彼此，即“一物用在另一物上(touse)”。

vt

涂；敷：Apply

thecreamevenlyto

yourfaceandneck.乳液等用于皮肤

vt手压；脚踩：applythebrakes

vt努力；使专注于：

Recently,hehasappliedhimselfto

hisstudies.手脚等用于某物上将精力等长期用于某事

vi申请：tomakeaformalrequest,usuallyinwriting：applyforajob/passport/visaIamwritingtoapplyforthepostofvolunteerforourschoolEnglishassociation.2018浙江书面表达applytoacompany/university

vi&vt[不用于进行时](对……)适用；(对……)有效：Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.2014山东将抽象事物用于某人或某情景

vt运用；应用；使用：Wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplantoapplywhatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsandtoourlives.2018全国改将知识、技术等用于某领域将才能等用于工作/任务一物用在另一物上（基本义）apply手压；脚踩乳液等用于皮肤

将知识、技术等用于某领域将抽象事物用于某人或某情景努力；使专注于将精力等长期用于某事apply语义网络手脚等用于某物上将才能等用于工作/任务（对……）适用/有效申请涂；敷运用；应用；使用词汇拓展applicant

n

[C]申请人；应征者：application

n[C]&[U]successfulapplicants

申请；申请书；申请表：ajobapplicationaccept/rejectsb’sapplicationfillin/outanapplication(form)

应用；运用；[缩略为app]应用程序：makepracticalapplicationofnewtechnologytoteachingThisisanewinventionthatwillhaveawiderangeofapplications

inindustry.同族词：apply,applicant,application同义异构：use■n[C]

(一)包；(一)捆；包裹：Thehorsecarriedtwopacksonitsback.

(商品的)纸包；纸盒

(BrEpacket)：afoodpackapackofcigarettes

背包

(backpack)

一群；一帮；一堆：apackoffools/wolvesTheredwolfhuntsatnight,aloneorinsmallpacks.pack■vt&vi

(把……)打包；(把……)装进(箱子等)：Don’tforgettopackyourtoothbrush!Ihaven’tpackedyet.Theyhurriedlypackedtheirthings/belongingsintothesuitcase.2009江西改

塞满；挤满：Morethantwothousandstudentspackedthehall.Weallpackedintoonecar.Thebuswaspackedwithpeople.packup把……打包；收拾(行李)：OnceafriendandIpackedupsomepeanutbutterandsandwichesforanouting.2009浙江■n[C]包裹(BrEparcel)；包

(BrEpacket)；一套；软件包：mail/post/sendapackage

receive/signforapackageapackageofbiscuits

apackagetourasoftwarepackage

■vt［常用于被动语态］包装；装箱；把……包装好：Thecodeinformsuswhereandwhenaproductwaspackaged.

词汇拓展

packagingn[U]包装；包装材料构词法：pack+-agepackageclassroomseatingarrangementsflowerarrangementsarrangementn

[C]

[常用复数]安排；筹备

aplanorpreparation：travelarrangementsOurcollegeistomakearrangementsforthemeeting.

[C]

[常用复数]安排方式

thewaythingsaredoneororganized：Theairportiscurrentlyreviewingitsnewsecurityarrangements.

[C]&[U]

排列；布置agroupofthingsthatareputinaparticularway：theseatingarrangements

[C]&[U]

商定；约定

sththathasbeenorganizedoragreedon

(agreement)：Wehavecometoanarrangement—shegivesmearidetoschoolandIhelpherwithherEnglish.

vt&vi安排；筹划

tomakeplansandpreparationsforsthtohappen：InChina,manyparentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenandpavethewayfortheirsuccess.2013福建书面表达改arrange词源解读arrange来自于古法语，最初意为“把……弄成一排”(putinarow)，后来意为“把东西放整齐”(toplacethingsinorder)，其基本义是“排列”。arrangev①arrange(forsb/sth)todosth:Davearrangedforsomeonetodrivehimhome.NobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneytoestablishtheNobelprizes.2009广东②

arrangewithsb(aboutsth):I’vearrangedwiththeneighboursaboutfeedingthecatwhileweareaway.③arrange+wh-todosth:Wehaven’tyetarrangedwhentomeet.④arrange+that从句：Themanagerarrangedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoffforacoupleofdays.

vt

排列；整理toputsthinaparticularorder：Thelistisarrangedalphabetically.

Youcanarrangethingsfrombeginningtoend,smalltolargeorbysomeotherorder.2012

陕西

vt

编写/改编(乐曲)towriteorchangeapieceofmusic：writeandarrangemusicalcompositions

arrangedmarriage包办婚姻arrange语义网络图arrange排列(基本义)安排；筹划排列；整理“排列”某物“排列”事情编写/改编（乐曲）“排列”音符

源头；发源地：Everytreehasitsrootsandeveryriverhasitssource.

来源：TheSunisthemajorsourceofenergyforourplanet.Bookswereourmainsourceofentertainment.2020全国

根源；原因：Televisionsets,stereosystems,airconditionersandpetscanallbesourcesofnoisepollution.

［常用复数］消息来源；原始资料：Listallyoursourcesattheendofyouressay.sourcen[C]source语义网络图source源头(基本义)源头；发源地来源河水等的“源头”根源；原因消息来源；原始资料能量等的“源头”问题等的“源头”消息等的“源头”narrow

■

adj

(宽度等)

狭窄的

反wide：Aswesetout,Iwasshockedathownarrowthepathwas.2008

陕西

(心胸、视野等)

狭隘的/狭窄的反broad：narrow-minded

Shehasaverynarrowviewoftheworld.

［常用于名词前］勉强的；好不容易的：anarrowvictory

■

vt&vi

(使)变窄；(使)变小：Hehadtonarrowhiseyesinthestronglightofthesun.

Thegorgenarrowsto350feetastheriverrushesthroughthetwo-mile-highmountains.narrowthegenerationgap

词汇拓展narrowlyadv

勉强地；差点儿（没）形容词动词化recognise词源recognise的词源可追溯到15世纪，意为“knowagain”，即“认出”。

re-“again"+cognoscere"togettoknow”❶

[不用于进行时]认出；辨认出：Irecognizedherbyherredhair.

Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithoutbeingrecognized.

2014

北京❷意识到：Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognizewhatsillymistakesIhadmade.recognise/recognizevt❸

(正式)

承认；认可：TheBritishrecognizedAmericaasanindependentstate.

ArthurMillerisuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury.

2011

山东阿瑟·米勒（ArthurMiller），美国剧作家（dramatist），主要作品有戏剧《推销员之死》（DEATHOFASALESMAN）、《萨勒姆的女巫》（TheCuicible）等，与尤金·奥尼尔（EugeneO'Neill）、田纳西·威廉斯（TennesseeWilliams）并称为20世纪美国戏剧三大家。❹表扬；表彰：TheCanadianNationalInstitutefortheBlindrecognizedDorisLowforhergreatcontributions.

2014

天津认出（基本义）内心“认出”或认清某个事实“认出”某事实并正式接受和公开“认出”某事迹的重要性，并予以公开嘉奖意识到(正式)承认；公认表扬；表彰recognise语义网络程度递进“认出”某人或某物认出；辨认出[U]认出；识别；承认：face/speechrecognitionThetownhaschangedbeyondallrecognition

sinceIwaslasthere.

Thereisgeneralrecognitionthat

thestudytechniquesofmanystudentsareweak.词汇拓展recognition名词contactDoyouwearcontacts?Contacts联系人contact

[U]触碰；接触：

physicalcontactKeepeyecontactinconversationtobuildtrust.

2015安徽

Thebombexplodesoncontact.

[U]联系；联络；交往：

Thepilotlostcontactwiththecontroltower.TheInternethelpsmetoget/keep/stayincontactwithmyfriends.Ihavemanagedtomakecontactwithanoldfriend.

[C][常用复数]社会关系；门路；熟人：Inthepast,itwasalwayseasytogetajobifyouhadfriendsandcontacts.n词源：con-(together共同)+-tact(touch接触)基本义：接触contact语义网络触碰；接触联系；联络；交往社会关系；门路；熟人接触基本义身体部位的接触抽象意义的接触有接触的人vt(用电话、信件等)联系/联络(某人)：

Pleasecontactmebye-mailifyouareinterested.makeup微笑是女孩最好的化妆品。makeup是由短语动词makeup转化而来的名词。

[不用于进行时]组成；构成Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwordsusedin

dailyconversations.2013天津Astronomyisascientificsubjectmadeupofmathematicsand

physics.makeup短语动词

编写；编造：makeupsomeexcusesAtyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.

为

(……)

化妆：Theymadehimupasanoldmanforthelastactoftheplay.

[非正式用语]和解：Theyhavequarreledseriouslythreetimesbuteachtimethey

havemadeupandbecomebestfriendsagain.【拓展】makeupfor弥补：WesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.makeup语义网络图组成；构成编写；编造为(……)化妆组成；构成基本义“组成”具体的事物“组成”谎言、故事等“组成”新的妆容“组成”新的朋友和解recognise拓展视频随堂检测汉译英。1.申请图书管理员的工作________________________________2.将所学用于实践________________________________3.涂抹化妆品_______________4.施压/用力____________________5.Benwoulddowellifonlyhe_________________

(努力).

(apply)applyforajobasalibrarianapplywhatonehaslearnedtopracticeapply

make-upapplypressure/forceappliedhimselfapply6.我的申请若能得到您的批准，我将感激不尽。(2011重庆书面表达)_______________________________________________________7.这些规定对所有人都适用，包括你。________________________________________________________8.我正在申请一家外企的暑期兼职工作，刚刚写完了求职信和简历。(2016全国

书面表达改)_________________________________________________________

Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyourapproval.Therulesapplytoeveryone,includingyou.I’mapplyingforapart-timejobataforeigncompanyduringthesummervacation,andIhavejustcompletedmyapplicationletterandresume.1.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapackofdogs,seventobeexact.(2019全国) __________2.IhadplannedtorunawayandIwasgoinghometopackmythings. __________3.Thepackagewillbepackedwithamediumbox.(2017北京)__________4.Wepackedup

ouroldcomputeranddeliveredittomyparents’home. __________5.Theypromisedtodevelopasoftwarepackage

bytheendofthisyear,whateverdifficultytheymighthave.(2013上海) __________pack&package写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一群收拾包裹；打包打包软件包一、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Ifyouareinterested,pleasesignupattheofficebefore5:00pmnextThursdaysothatwewill_________________________

(做

出必要的安排).

(2009辽宁书面表达)2.Theschool_____________________

(与……有协议)localbusinesses.3.Thereare__________________

(特殊的安排)forpeopleworkingoverseas.4.Thehousewasalwaysdecoratedwithimaginative__________________

(插花).makenecessaryarrangementshasanarrangementwithspecialarrangementsflowerarrangementsarrangement&arrange二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Thesecretaryarrangedaconvenienttimeandplacefortheapplicantstohaveaninterview.

(2012天津)

__________2.Thechildrenwerearrangedinlinesaccordingtoheight.__________3.Hearrangedtraditionalfolksongsforthepiano. __________安排排列改编三、根据所给提示完成下列句子。I’vearranged_______________________

(和一个朋友一起去)toanewChineserestaurantdowntown.(2009湖南)2.Ournotessaythatwe_____________________________________

(安排

了一名工程师去看你的房子)yesterday.

(2015上海)3.Beth_______________________

(安排了一个会议)withthemarketingdirector.4.Westillhaveto_______________________

(安排如何回家).5.Ben_______________________

(插花)inavase.togowithafriendarrangedforanengineertovisityourhousearrangedameetingarrangehowtogethomearrangedtheflowers1.Chinahasalwaysbeenasourceofinspiration(灵感)fordesigners.(2019全国) __________2.Forallyourinformation,youcanfindsomesourcesfromtheInternetandprintthecopiesneeded.(2015湖南改) __________3.We’vefoundthesourceofthetrouble. __________写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。source来源资料来源根源1.Thetopicyouchooseshouldnotbetoonarrow.(2012江西) __________2.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesthatarebuiltclosetoeachother.(2011山东) __________3.You’vegotaverynarrowviewoflife. __________4.Thegapbetweenthetwoteamshasnarrowedtothreepoints. __________写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。narrow狭隘的狭窄的狭隘的缩小1.Lisa,Ididn’t____________(recognise)you—you’vehadyourhaircut!(2008全国)2.Theactorisusedto______________________(recognise)inthestreet.3.Havingproblemswithfacial______________(recognise)isinawayknownasfaceblindness.一、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。recognisebeingrecognisedrecognitionrecognise1.IcangototheairportandmeetProfessorSmithforyou.______________________(我怎样才能认出他来)?(2009陕西改)2.Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgift______________________(得到充分的肯定).(2015重庆)3.Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshe___________________________(已经变得认不出来了).(2010安徽)二、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。HowcanIrecognisehim

wasfully

recognisedhaschangedbeyondrecognition1.Whileweareconfidentinourselves,weshouldrecognisestrengthsinothersandshowrespectforthem.(2008北京改) ________________2.Oneoftheprocesses(过程)ofgrowingupisbeingabletorecogniseandovercomeourfears. ________________3.ThemanfromCroatiawasofficiallyrecognised

asthenewrecordholderbyGuinnessWorldRecordsafterhemanagedtoputon245differentT-shirtsinlessthantwohours.(2012浙江) ________________4.ShesuggestedthatDalejointhedebatingteam,believingthatpracticeinspeakingcouldgivehimtheconfidenceandrecognitionthatheneeded.(2014江苏) ________________三、翻译下面各句中画线的部分。认识到

/承认别人的优点

承认并克服我们的恐惧官方认可

/承认

认可

/肯定一、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.TheInternethelpsme___________________________

(与……保持联系)myfriend