2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT3SEAEXPLORATION教学知识细解码课时作业含解析新人教版选择性必修第四册

PAGE课时分层作业(七)Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Theybecamefarmersandmerchants(商人)，workedinmillsandbigcompanies.2．Thisyeartheyhaveintroducedthreenewproductstoextend(扩展)theirrange.3．SecretaryofStateJohnHayhadnegotiated(达成)aseriesofpeacetreaties.4．Hewasagoodpainter，butnotinthesameleague(水平)asPicasso.5．AftertheNormanConquesttheforestbecamearoyal(王室的)huntingpreserve.6．Itoldhimifhewithdrew(退出)itwasonhisownaccount.7．Thecompanyprovidesmorethan20free­to­airchannels(频道)．8．Thebond(关系)ofbrotherhoodwasonetolastfromthecradletothegrave.9．Hecloseddownthebusinessandwentintopolitics(政治)．10．Hewasthebestboxerinthetournament(联赛)．Ⅱ.阅读理解AWhales，likedolphins，belongtoagroupofmammalscalled“cetaceans”．ThisnamecomesfromaLatinwordmeaning“largeseaanimals”．Thereareatleastseventy­fivekindsofcetaceans.Scientistsdividethevariouskindsintotwomajorgroups—baleenwhales，whichdonothaveteeth，andtoothedwhales，whichhaveteeth.Whaleshavethesamebasicshapeasfish，buttheydifferfromfishinmanyways.Themostnoticeabledifferenceisthetail.Fishhavevertical(垂直的)tailfins(鳍)，butwhaleshavehorizontaltailfins.Fishbreathebymeansofgills(鳃)，whilewhaleshavelungsandmustcometothesurfacetobreathe.Buttheycanholdtheirbreathforlongperiods.Likeothermammals，whalesgivebirthtoliveyoungandfeedthemwithmilkproducedbythemother'sbody.Mostfish，however，layeggsanddonotfeedtheiryoung.Whalesarealsowarm­blooded—thatis，theirbodytemperatureremainsaboutthesameallthetime.Almostallfisharecold­blooded.Theirbodytemperaturechangeswithchangesinthetemperatureofthewater.Whaleshaveahighlydevelopedbrainandtheyarehighlyadvancedlifeforms.Theysingtotheiryoung，engageincomplexfamilyrelationships，andtheircommunicationskillsarefine.InDecember2005，awhale，afterbeingrescuedfromfishingnets，didn'tjustswimbacktodeepwater.Ithungaroundandtouchedeachofthediverswithitsmouth.“Knowingthatitwasfree，itstoppedaboutafootawayfromme，pushedmearoundalittlebitandhadsomefun，”saiddivemasterJamesMoskito.Hethoughtitwas“oneofthemostfantasticmoments”ofhislife.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了鲸鱼和鱼类的不同以及鲸鱼的一些特点。1．AccordingtoParagraph1，whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectrelationship?A．Mammalsareatypeofcetacean.B．Cetaceansarenotatypeofmammal.C．Whalesbelongtothecetaceanfamily.D．Mammalsareatypeofwhale.C[推理推断题。依据第一段第一句“Whales，likedolphins，belongtoagroupofmammalscalled‘cetaceans’．”可知，cetaceans属于哺乳动物，解除A、B两项；D项(哺乳动物是鲸鱼的一种)明显不对。故选C项。]2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweenwhalesandfish?A．Whalesbreathebymeansoflungs.B．Whaleshavetailfins.C．Whalesfeedtheiryoungwithmilk.D．Awhale'sbodytemperaturenearlydoesn'tchange.B[细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Themostnoticeabledifferenceisthetail.Fishhavevertical(垂直的)tailfins(鳍)，butwhaleshavehorizontaltailfins.”可知，鱼和鲸鱼都有尾鳍，所以答案为B项。]3．Whydidn'tthewhaleswimbacktotheseaafteritwassaved?A．Itlostitswayinthesea.B．Itwasseriouslywounded.C．Itwasfrightenedbythedivers.D．Itwantedtothankthedivers.D[推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Ithungaroundandtouchedeachofthediverswithitsmouth.‘Knowingthatitwasfree，itstoppedaboutafootawayfromme，pushedmearoundalittlebitandhadsomefun...’”可知，这头鲸鱼在获救后，用肢体语言表示对潜水员的感谢。]BForyears，thegiantsquid(大王乌贼)hadremainedamodernmystery.Livinginthedarkdepthsoftheocean，thecreatureisdifficultforscientiststoobservedirectly.Ithadalsomanagedtoavoidallattemptstofilmit.ThatchangedlastJuly.Forthefirsttimeever，scientistswereabletocatchthegiantsquidonvideoinitsnaturalhabitat.Theywereamazedbywhattheysaw.ThescientistsfilmedthesquidintheNorthPacificOcean，southofTokyo，Japan.Theyfolloweditdowntoadepthof2，952feet.Theyshotmorethan23minutesofvideobeforethesquidswamoffintoevendarkerdepths.ThevideofootagewillbereleasedtothepubliclaterthismonthonTheDiscoveryChannel.TsunemiKubodera，azoologistatJapan'sNationalMuseumofNatureandScience，ledtheteamthatfilmedthesquid.Theteamwentintotheoceaninasmallsubmarinewithlightsinvisibletobothhumansandsquid.Sincegiantsquideatsmallersquid，thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidasbait(诱饵)．Thenthescientistswaitedinthepitchblackforthegiantsquidtoapproach.Thecolorvideoshowsthecreaturefloatingvertically，eatingthebaitsquid.Thegiantsquidis9to10feetlongandismissingitstwolongesttentacles(触须)．Withthosetentacles，itcouldhavemeasuredupto26feetlong.Ithashugeblackeyes，thesizeofdinnerplates，“Itwasshiningandsobeautiful，”Kuboderasaid.Becausethedeepoceanissounfriendlytohumans，littleisknownaboutthegiantsquid.Scientistssaycatchingthemysteriouscreatureonvideoisanimportantsteptowardunderstandingit.Forcenturies，sailorshadreportedseeingahuge，ocean­dwellingbeast，thoughttobethegiantsquid.ThecreatureisalsobelievedtobethesubjectoftheNordicmythofthekraken，aseacreaturethatsupposedlyattackedshipsinScandinavianwatersoverthepastthousandsofyears.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。大王乌贼生活在深海，人们很难有机会看到它，长期以来人们对它知之甚少。最近科学家在深海拍摄到了这种神奇的生物，有望揭开其神奇的面纱。4．Whyisitdifficulttofilmthegiantsquid?A．Becauseitisillegaltofilmthegiantsquid.B．Becauseitistooexpensivetomakesuchafilm.C．Becausethegiantsquidlivesinthedarkdeepocean.D．Becausethegiantsquidisdangeroustohumans.C[细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Livinginthedarkdepthsoftheocean，thecreatureisdifficultforscientiststoobservedirectly.”可知，因为大王乌贼生活在大洋深处，所以人们很难拍摄到它。]5．Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatscientists．A．firstsawthegiantsquidintheoceanB．discoveredanewseacreatureintheoceanC．havetheoceanbottomsecretlyrecordedonvideoD．havefirstcaughtthelegendarygiantsquidonvideoD[细微环节理解题。依据第一段内容可知，科学家在北太平洋下深度为2952英尺的地方第一次拍摄了一段超过23分钟的有关大王乌贼的视频。因此D项正确。]6．Accordingtothepassage，thegiantsquid'slongesttentaclescanbe．A．16to17feetlongB．9to10feetlongC．morethan26feetlongD．about36feetlongA[推理推断题。依据第三段内容可知，这只大王乌贼有9到10英尺长，算上它的触须可达到26英尺长，由此可得出这只大王乌贼最长的触须有16到17英尺长。]7．Thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidintheoceanto．A．increasethenumberofthegiantsquidB．trickthegiantsquidintocomingoutC．makeaneducationalfilmaboutitD．showconcernforthegiantsquidB[细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Sincegiantsquideatsmallersquid，thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidasbait(诱饵)．”可知，科学家在大洋里放一条小乌贼的目的是将大王乌贼引诱出来。]Ⅲ.阅读七选五Anewreportsaysplasticisresponsibleforthedamagetotheoceansandtheunderseaenvironment.ThefindingswereannouncedrecentlyataUnitedNationsconference.1Plasticthrownawaycarelesslymakesitswayintoriversandotherwaterways.2Afterawhile，itcollectsinthesea.Andplasticnevergoesaway.Plasticisnotbiodegradable­destroyedbybacteriaornaturalprocesses.Instead，itjustbreaksupintosmallerpiecesovertime.Theoceanscontainalotofchemicalsandotherpollutants.3Thatmeansharmfulmaterialmaygetintoourfoodsupply.4Humanbeingscausepollutionandtheycantakestepstostopit.Theycanusefewersingleusecontainersandthrowplasticawaycorrectly.Plasticrecyclingprogrammesalsoworkwhereoldbottlesandotherplasticarecollected，brokendownandusedtomakenewproducts.Thereportalsocallsoncompaniestoimprovemethodsforusingplastic.5Anditcallsforinformationaboutthewayplasticisthrownoutorremovedfromuse.Byputtinganewvalueonplastic，industryhasaspecialreasontocleanuptheenvironm