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英语PAGE1英语专题04并列句和状语从句目录考点聚焦:核心考点,有的放矢重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺牛刀小试:知识点和关键点训练,能力提升学以致用:提升专练,全面突破考点一并列句考点二时间状语从句考点三让步状语从句考点四地点状语从句考点五原因的状语从句考点六条件状语从句考点七目的、结果状语从句考点一并列句一.常考并列连词表示转折、对比关系but,yet(然而),while(然而,强调对比)表示并列/递进关系and,both...and...,notonly...but(also)...,neither...nor...等表示选择关系or,either...or...,not...but...等表示因果关系for(一般不放在句首),so等1.Notonlycanabeautifulsmilemakeourselveshappy,butalsoitenablesotherstofeeldelighted.一个灿烂的笑容不仅能使我们自己高兴,而且能使他人感到愉快。2.Thefailurewasabigblowtohim,buthewasn’tdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiasticasever.这次失败对他来说是个很大的打击,但他并没有沮丧,很快便像以前一样充满热情。3.Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人,而我的室友凯特却极有条理。4.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.由于他的视力下降,他发现读书越来越困难了。名师点津but不与although/though连用,但yet,still可与although/though连用。二.特殊并列连词及并列句1.when可用作并列连词,意为“这时,那时”,相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式:①beabouttodosth.when...“正要做某事,这时突然……”②beonthepointofdoingsth.when...“正要做某事,这时突然……”③bedoingsth.when...“正在做某事,这时突然……”④had(just/already)donesth.when...“刚做完某事,这时突然……”IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正开车去伦敦,这时突然发现自己走错了路。Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业,她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。2.“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”,有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。Inanyunsafesituation,simplypressthebuttonandahighlytrainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.在任何不安全的情况下,仅仅摁一下这个按钮,一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。Startoutrightaway,orwe’llmissthefirsttrain.立刻出发,否则的话,我们将要错过首班车。名师点津并列连词的考查主要集中在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”,and表并列,yet/but表转折,or表选择,so表因果,while表对比,when表“突然”等方面。单句语法填空1.TheOlympiccauldron(主火炬)atthesnowflake-themedceremonywassmall,________theflamesconveyedsignificantmessagesofgreenerOlympicGames.2.Bothpreviousrestorationstolosses________joinsbetweentheoriginalmarbleblocksthathavediscoloredwillbereplacedbyamorecloselymarble-likematerial.3.Onaseriousnote,spendingtimeawayfromourscreensfromtimetotimeisnotonlygoodforkids'health,________alsoeveryone's.考点二时间状语从句1.表示时间的状语从句时间状语从句常用的引导词before在……之前directly一……就……bythetime截至……after在……之后since自……以来till/until直到……when/while/as当……的时候eachtime/everytime每次themoment立刻,马上nosooner...than...一……就……once一旦……就……instantly一……就……assoonas一……就……immediately一……就……hardly...when...一……就……scarcely...一……就……whenever/nomatterwhen无论何时1.beforebefore的意思是“在……之前”,常用来引导时间状语从句。句型:Itis/was(not)+时间+before+从句Itwill(not)be+时间+before+从句Itwasoneyearhefinishedhiswork.过了一年他才完成了他的工作。Itwasnotlonghefinishedhiswork.过了不久,他就完成了他的工作。Itwillbethreeweekshefinisheshiswork.要过3周,他才能完成他的工作。Itwon’tbelonghefinisheshiswork.用不了多久,他就会完成他的工作。2.bythetimebythetime的意思是“截至……(时间)”,可以引导时间状语从句。bythetime引导的从句若是一般现在时,主句要用将来完成时;若是一般过去时,主句则要用过去完成时。youreceivethisletter,Iwillhaveleftthiscityformyhometown.你收到这封信时,我将已经离开这座城市回家乡了。Ishallhavefinishedityoucomeback.你回来以前我就把它做完了。说明:这两个句子从句用一般现在时,主句用将来完成时。Igotthere,thebushadalreadyleft.等我到那里时,公共汽车已开走了。ShehadfinishedcleaningIarrived.在我到达之前,她就已打扫完卫生了。说明:这两个句子从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时。必背:“by+时间”还可以构成各种短语,在句子中作时间状语。bythen截至那时bynineo’clock截至9点钟bytheendoflastyear截至去年年底bylastyear截至去年bytheendofnextyear截至明年年底3.onceonce作连词引导时间状语从句时,意思是“一旦……就……”。youunderstandtherulesofthegame,you’llenjoyit.一旦你了解了这个游戏的规则,你就会喜欢它。youbegin,youshouldgoon.一旦开了头,你就应该继续下去。注意:once引导状语从句时,若从句的主语和主句的主语一致,有时可以将从句的主语和be动词省略。Once(itis)printed,thebookwillbeverypopular.这本书一旦付印,肯定很受欢迎。Once(itis)found,anymistakemustbecorrected.一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。Oncehavingmadeapromise,youshouldkeepit.一旦做出承诺,你就应该遵守诺言。4.assoonas和nosooner...than等assoonas,nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when/before,immediately,directly等连词及连词短语的意思都是“一……就……”。当主句是一般将来时,assoonas引导的从句要用一般现在时。nosooner...than,hardly...when/before,scarcely...when/before等引导的从句常用一般过去时,主句往往和过去完成时连用;为了加强语气,主句还可以用倒装语序。1.Theywillposttheticketstometheyreceivemycheck.他们收到我的支票后就立刻把票寄给我。2.Hewillbesetfreethefineispaid.只要交了罚款,他就会被释放。说明:这两个句子的主句是一般将来时,assoonas引导的从句要用一般现在时。3.IgavethealarmIsawthesmoke.我一看见冒烟,就发出了警报。4.shehadgone,Irememberedhername.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。5.Thefanscriedassoonastheysawthemoviestar.追星族们一看见这位影星就喊了起来。=Thefanshadnosoonerseenthemoviestarthantheycried.=Thefanshadhardlyseenthemoviestarwhentheycried.=Thefanshadscarcelyseenthemoviestarwhentheycried.=Nosoonerhadthefansseenthemoviestarwhentheycried.=Hardlyhadthefansseenthemoviestarwhentheycried.=Scarcelyhadthefansseenthemoviestarwhentheycried.6.AssoonasIgothome,itbegantorain.我刚一到家,就下起雨来了。重要:“一……就……”还可以用themoment表示,这句话还可以转换为:ThemomentIgothome,itbegantorain.=Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.=Ihadhardlygothomewhen/beforeitbegantorain.=Ihadscarcelygothomewhen/beforeitbegantorain.=NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.=HardlyhadIgothomewhen/beforeitbegantorain.=ScarcelyhadIgothomewhen/beforeitbegantorain.补充:“on+名词/doing”结构也相当于assoonas引导的时间状语从句。Pleasereporttoreceptiononarrival.到达后请立即到接待处报到。Onarrivinghome,hediscoveredtheyhadgone.他一到家就发现他们已经走了。5.whenever和nomatterwhen等whenever相当于nomatterwhen,意思是“无论什么时候”;everytime/eachtime的意思是“每次”。1.WheneverIvisitedhim,hewasnotathome.我无论何时拜访他,他都不在家。
=Ivisitedhim,hewasnotathome.2.WheneverIcomeuptoTianjin,Icallatmyteacher’shome.每次到天津我都要去拜访我的老师。=IcomeuptoTianjin,Icallatmyteacher’shome.=Icallatmyteacher’shomeeachtimeIcomeuptoTianjin.3.WheneverIseethispicture,Ithinkofmyhometown.无论什么时候我看到这幅图片,我都会想起我的家乡。=Iseethispicture,Ithinkofmyhometown.=Iseethispicture,Ithinkofmyhometown.考点三让步状语从句让步状语从句常用的引导词though/although虽然nomatter+疑问词(who/what/when/which/where/how)无论evenif/eventhough即使whoever/whatever/whenever/whichever/wherever/however无论1.though和althoughthough,although都当“虽然”讲,二者都可与以yet或still连用,但不能与but连用。1.Althoughhewaswornout,he(still)keptonworking.=hewaswornout,he(still)keptonworking.=Hestillkeptonworkinghewaswornout.=Hewaswornoutbuthestillkeptonworking.他虽然已经筋疲力竭了,但仍然继续工作。注意:(正)itwasnotverycoldalthough/thoughitwassnowing.虽下着雪,但并不太冷。(误)Although/thoughitwassnowing,butitwasnotverycold.2.Althoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.=hewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.=Childhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.=Childashewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.虽然他是一个孩子,但他知道该做什么。3.Althoughyoumayobject,I’llcarryouttheexperiment.=youmayobject,I’llcarryouttheexperiment.
=Objectasyoumay,I’llcarryouttheexperiment.纵使你反对,我也要做这项实验。4.Althoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.=heworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.=Hardheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.=Hardasheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.尽管他学习很努力,但几乎没取得什么进步。说明:此二句采用了倒装语序,在这种倒装句中只能用as或though,不能用although。2.evenif和eventhoughevenif相当于eventhough,意思是“即使,尽管,虽然……也”,其所表达的意思比although更强烈。1.We’llmakeatriptheweatherisbad.即使天气不好,我们也要作一次旅行。2.Youshouldtrytobenicetohim,youdon’tlikehim.即使你不喜欢他,也要尽量对他好些。3.itisraining,I’llgotowork.尽管下着雨,我也要去上班。比较:evenif和eventhough所引导的状语从句中,动词用虚拟语气时和用陈述语气时表达的意义有所不同。4.Iwereill,Iwouldattendthemeeting.即使我生病了,我也要参加会议。(虚拟语气,事实上我并没有生病。)5.Iamill,Iwillattendthemeeting.虽然我生病了,我也要参加会议。(陈述语气,我现在的确生病了。)
3.“nomatter+疑问词”和“疑问词-ever”“nomatter+疑问词(who/what/when/where/which/how)”引导让步状语从句时,相当于whoever/whatever/whenever/wherever/whichever/however,它们可以互换,表达的含义是“无论……,不管……都……”。nomatterwho=whoever(无论是谁)nomatterwhat=whatever(无论什么)nomatterwhen=whenever(无论何时)nomatterwhere=wherever(无论何地)nomatterwhich=whichever(无论是哪一个)nomatterhow=however(无论怎样)1.Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustkeepthelaw.=youare,youmustkeepthelaw.不管你是谁,你都要遵纪守法。2.Nomatterwhatyoudo,Iwillsupportyou.=youdo,Iwillsupportyou.无论你做什么,我都会支持你。3.Nomatterwhenshecomes,shesaysthesamewords.=shecomes,shesaysthesamewords.无论她什么时候来,她总是说同样的话。4.Nomatterwhichyoulikebest,youcanhave.=Youcanhaveyoulikebest.你可以拿你最喜欢的。5.Nomatterhowdifficultitmaybe,wewillovercomeit.=difficultitmaybe,wewillovercomeit.不管多么困难,我们都要克服。考点四地点状语从句地点状语从句表示地点、方位,通常由连词where和复合关系词wherever(相当于nomatterwhere)引导。1.where一.where作连词引导地点状语从句时,意思是“在/向……的地方”。1.Youshouldhaveputthebookyoufoundit.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。2.You’dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.哪儿有问题,你就在哪儿做个记号。=youhaveanyquestions,you’dbettermakeamark.3.Wemustcampwecangetwater.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。4.theywent,theywerewarmlywelcomed.他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。二.比较:where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别引导定语从句时,where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语,其前面有表示地点的先行词,where引导的从句修饰先行词。引导状语从句时,where是从属连词,它引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词,where前面没有表示地点的先行词。Bamboogrowsbestinplaceswhereitiswarmandwhereitrainsoften.=Bamboogrowsbestwhereitiswarmandwhereitrainsoften.(where引导定语从句,引导地点状语从句。)温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。有时,where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义,可放在主句的前面;而where引导的定语从句则不能放在主句的前面。Wherethereiswater,thereislife.有水的地方就有生命。(where引导地点状语从句。)2.wherever一.wherever相当于nomatterwhere,意思是“无论到哪里,无论在哪里”。wherever引导的地点状语从句多位于句首。1.hegoes,healwaystakesanotebookwithhim.无论走到哪里,他总是带着一个笔记本。2.thereissmoke,thereisfire.无风不起浪。3.Whereverhemaybe,hewillbehappy.无论在什么地方,他都会快乐的。=hemaybe,hewillbehappy.考点五原因的状语从句原因状语从句常用的引导词because因为since既然nowthat既然as由于seeing(that)由于,因为,鉴于considering(that)考虑到,鉴于1.becausebecause的意思是“因为”,表示直接原因,语气最重,常用来回答why(为什么)引导的特殊疑问句。1.A:Whywereyoulateforschoolthismorning?你今天早晨上学为什么迟到了?B:BecauseIgotuplate.因为我起床晚了。2.IwanttodoitmyselfbecauseIlikeit.我想亲自做这件事,因为我喜欢它。(正)Heisdisappointedbecausehefailedagain.因为他又失败了,所以他感到失望。(误)Soheisdisappointedbecausehefailedagain.切记:尽管在汉语中“因为……,所以……”常一起使用,但在英语中because不能和so连用。3.Themuseumwon’tbeopenthisweekbecauseitisunderrepairs.博物馆本周不开放,因为他正在修缮中。2.sincesince的意思是“既然”,表示对方已知道的事实和理由,语气比because弱。1.Sinceyou’renotinterested,Iwon’ttellyouabout.既然你不感兴趣,那我就不告诉你了。2.Sincenooneisagainstit,we’llpassit.既然没人反对,那我们就通过了。3.Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.既然你回答不出这个问题,那我就问别人了。3.asas的意思是“由于”,表示较为明显的原因,语气较弱。1.Asitissnowing,you’dbettertakeataxi.下雪了,你最好乘出租车。2.yourequestit,Iwillcome.由于你的要求,所以我会来。(语气较缓和)=I’llcomebecauseyourequestit.(语气很强)3.shehadnocar,shestayedathome.她因为没车而留在家里。(语气较缓和)=Shestayedathomebecauseshehadnocar.(语气很强)比较:because,since,as和for的区别都可译为“因为”,但在语气上,because最重,其次是since,as,for。because,since,as都是从属连词。而for是一个并列连词,用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由,for引导的并列句,一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。because引导的原因状语从句一般放主句后面,也可放主句前面;since和as引导的从句则通常位于句首;for不能位于句首,只能置于句中,且前面要用逗号与前一分句分开。Iwenttoseehim,forIhadsomethingtotellhim.我去见他,因为我有事要告诉他。4.nowwhat,seeingthat和consideringthatnowthat的意思是“既然”,seeingthat的意思是“由于,因为,鉴于”,consideringthat的意思是“考虑到,鉴于”。1.Nowthattheyhavetakenmattersintotheirhands,thepaceofeventshasquickened.他们既然已着手自己来处理问题,事态的进展也就加快了。2.Nowthatyouareaman,youmustnotdosuchathing.既然你是个男子汉,就不要做这样的事了。3.Nowthatyouarewell,youcanwork.既然你已经好了,你可以工作了。4.Seeingthathe’sbeenoffsickallweek,heisunlikelytocometoday.由于他请病假整整一周了,所以今天不太可能来。5.Sheknowsquitealotaboutit,considering(that)sheisveryyoung.鉴于她年龄小,她懂得的已经很多了。考点六条件状语从句条件状语从句常用的引导词incase万一unless除非as/solongas只要if如果provided(that)如果providing(that)如果suppose(that)如果supposing(that)如果oncondition(that)如果1.if和unlessif的意思是“如果”。unless的意思则是“除非……;如果不……”,相当于if...not...,有时二者可以换用。1.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorcomments,youcanvoicethemnow.你们如果有任何疑问或意见,可以现在提出。2.Ifweinterferewithnature,wewillhavetodealwiththeconsequences.如果我们干预自然,我们将不得不应付后果。3.Ifyoudon’teatmeat,thistourisnotforyouastheInuitliveonanimals,birdsandfish.如果你不吃肉,那这种旅行就不适合你,因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。=youeatmeat,thistourisnotforyouastheInuitliveonanimals,birdsandfish.除非你吃肉,否则这种旅行就不适合你,因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。4.Ifyoudon’tvisithimtomorrow,hewillbeangry.如果你明天不去看他,他会生气的。=youvisithimtomorrow,he’llbeangry.除非你明天去看他,否则他就会生气的。2.incaseincase的意思是“万一,以防”,常用来引导条件状语从句。1.Takeacoatincasetheweatherturnsold.带上一件外衣吧,以防天气转冷了。2.Takesomemoneywithyouincaseyouwanttobuysomething.带上些钱,万一你想要买一些东西呢。3.Takeataxiincaseyouarelateforthemeeting.坐出租车去,免得开会迟到。4.I’llleaveyoumyphonenumberincaseyouwanttocontactme.我把我的电话号码留给你,万一你要和我联系呢。5.You’dbetterbereadyincasehecomes.你最好有所准备,万一他来呢。比较:“incase+从句”和“incaseof+名词”都表示“以防,万一”。Theywon’tbeabletogototheparkincaseitrains.=theycan’tgotothepark.万一下雨,他们就不能去公园了。inthatcase意为“如果是那样的话”。,hewouldbepunished.要是情况如此,他将会受到惩罚。(表示假设条件,hewouldbepunished是虚拟语气。)WillLiMingattendtheparty?,Iwon’tattendit.李明会参加聚会吗?若是那样的话,我就不参加了。3.aslongas和solongasaslongas和solongas的意思都是“只要”。1.I’msurewearesafe(weare)inhiscare.我深信只要在他的保护下,我们就会平安无事。2.Hewillsurelyfinishthejobontimehe’slefttodoitinhisownway.只要让他用自己的方式工作,他一定会按时完成这项工作的。3.wedon’tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.只要我们不灰心,我们就能找到克服困难的办法。4.Youcangotoseethefilmyouarriveatthecinemaontime.你可以去看这场电影,只要你能按时到达电影院。补充:aslongas还可以作“……之久”讲。5.Keepityoucan.你能把它保留多久,就保留多久。4.provided(that)和supposing(that)等条件状语从句还可以由provided(that),providing(that),suppose(that),supposing(that),oncondition(that)等引导。1.Weshallsignthecontractprovided(that)thereisnoopposition.如果没有反对意见,我们就在合同上签字。2.Hewon’tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovided(that)weaskforhisadviceinadvance.如果我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。3.Providingthereisnoobjection,weshallmakeadecision.如果没人反对,我们就决定了。4.Supposeweoffermorefavourableterms,theywillchoosetocooperatewithus.假如我们提供更优惠的条件,他们会选择与我们合作。5.Supposingitrains,shallwevisitthemuseum?倘若下雨,我们还去参观博物馆吗?6.Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepasecret.我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保守秘密。条件状语从句的时态在运用条件状语从句的时候,一定要注意主句和从句在时态上的一致。A.主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时和时间状语从句一样,条件状语从句的时态也要注意和主句时态保持一致。大多数情况下,主句如果是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时来表示,有时也可以用现在进行时和现在完成时。Headoctorwhenhestudyinghere.他结束在这儿的学习之后,将会成为一名医生。(时间状语从句)Ifittomorrow,we.明天如果不下雨,我们就出发。(条件状语从句)Ifyouthisrule,younofurtherdifficulty.(条件状语从句)你如果/一旦了解这个规则,就不会再有困难。说明:有时可用once或assoonas代替if。Once/Assoonasyouunderstandthisrule,youwillhavenofurtherdifficulty.B.有时主句中用祈使句和情态动词来替代将来时态Ifyougetthebook,.如果你弄到了那本书,告诉我一声。(祈使句)Ifyoudrink,如果你喝了酒,千万别开车。(祈使句)Ifhefeelslikeseeingthesightsofthecity,heabustour.(情态动词)如果他想看城市风光,他可以坐城市观光车。Ifyoulike,youherefortheweekend.如果你愿意就留在这里过周末吧。(情态动词)C.如果主句谓语动词是want,hope等词,则条件状语从句用一般现在时Whatdoyouwanttodoifyouhavemuchmoney?如果你有很多钱,你想要做什么?IhopetoseeherifI’mfree.如果我有空,我希望去看看她。D.在有些句子中,主、从句都可用一般现在时Ifyouringthisnumber,nooneanswers.如果你打这个电话号码,不会有人接。Ifyoupresstheswitch,thecomputercomeson.如果你按这个开关,计算机就会启动。注意:有时if引导的从句也可以用will,但will表示意愿。Ifyouwillgointothefieldsandturnoverafewbigstones,youwilluncoveracityofant“people”.如果你愿意到田野里去翻开几块大石头,你准会揭开一个蚁“民”的城市。Ifyou’lljustwaitamoment,I’llfindsomeonetohelpyou.如果你愿意等一会儿,我会找人来帮助你。Ifyouwon’tgo,youneedn’t/won’tgo.如果你不愿意去,那就不必去。考点七目的、结果状语从句目的状语从句常用的引导词结果状语从句常用的引导词that,sothat,inorderthat(so)that,(so...)that,(such...)that,(somuch/many...)that1.sothatsothat的意思是“目的是……;结果……”,既可以引导目的状语从句,也可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时,从句的谓语里常有can,could,may,might,will,would等情态动词。而引导结果状语从句时,则通常没有情态动词。比较:ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother’sDay.小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来,为的是能在母亲节给妈妈买一份礼物。(目的)ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothatheboughthismotherapresentonMother’sDay.小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来,在母亲节那天给妈妈买了一份礼物。(结果)比较:Healwaysstudieshardsothatmemaymakegreatprogress.他总是努力地学习,这样他才会取得很大的进步。(目的)Healwaysstudiedhardsothathemadegreatprogress.他总是努力地学习,结果他取得了很大的进步。(结果)2.inorderthatinorderthat的意思是“以便……,为了……”。inorderthat和sothat表示目的时一样,从句的谓语动词里常有can,could,may,might,will,would等情态动词。Sheraisedhervoiceinorderthatshemightbeheard.她把声音抬高以便与别人听见。=Sheraisedhervoicesothatshemightbeheard.inorderthat和sothat与不定式inorderto,soasto以及to表示目的时表达的意思一样,不过不定式表示目的时,句子是简单句。因此上一句还可表示为:Sheraisedhervoicesoastobeheard.Inordertobeheardsheraisedhervoice.Sheraisedhervoiceinordertobeheard.Tobeheardsheraisedhervoice.Sheraisedhervoicetobeheard.比较:soasto不能位于句首;inorderto和to的位置比较灵活,可以位于句首或句中。3.so...that和such...thatso...that和such...that的意思都是“如此……以至”,二者皆可引导结果状语从句,且含义相同,但用法有一定的区别。句型:so+形容词/副词+that1.WhenthefootballfanssawBeckham,theygottheycriedout.当球迷们看到贝克汉姆的时候,他们如此激动以至于大喊大叫。2.Hewaswehadtosendforadoctor.他病得很重,我们只好给他请医生了。3.Hewasinjuredhehadtobesenttothehospital.他伤势很重,不得不送医院。=Sobadlywasheinjuredthathehadtobesenttothehospital.切记:当so位于句首时,主句的主谓要倒装。4.Thenovelwashegaveupreadingithalfwaythrough.=Soboringwasthenovelthathegaveupreadingithalfwaythrough.这本小说非常乏味,他读了一半就不读了。5.Davidwashedidn’tfindthemistakesinhistestpaper.=Davidwasfindthemistakesinhistestpaper.戴维太粗心了,没发现他试卷中的错误。6.Shewassoexhaustedthatshecouldn’tmoveon.=Shewasmoveon.她疲惫得无法继续前进。说明:如果so...that引导的结果状语从句是否定句,也可以用too...to...来表达相同的意思。句型:such+a/an(+形容词)+单数可数名词+that=so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that1.Itgavehimsuchashockthathisfaceturnedwhite.这使他如此震惊以至于他的脸色都变白了。2.ThisissuchausefuldictionarythatI’mthinkingofbuyingit.=ThisisI’mthinkingofbuyingit.这本字典很有用,我正打算买一本。3.Heissuchacleverboythatalltheteacherslikehim.=Heisalltheteacherslikehim.他是如此聪明的一个男孩,所有的老师都喜欢他。4.ItwassuchaninterestingfilmthatIsawittwice.=ItwasIsawittwice.这是一部很有意思的电影,我看了两次。句型:such(+形容词)+不可数名词+that1.ThisbookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishthatbeginnerscanunderstandit.这本书是用浅易的英语写的,初学者都可以读懂。2.Heshowedsuchconcernthatpeopletookhimtobeafriend.他表现得如此关心以至于人们都把他当作朋友了。(正)It’ssuchniceweatherthatallofuswanttogotothepark.(误)It’ssoniceweatherthatallofuswanttogotothepark.多么好的天气啊!我们大家都想去公园玩。注意:当不可数名词的前面有形容词much,little修饰时,要用so,而不用such。句型为“so+much/little+不可数名词+that”。3.SuchalittleboyhassolittledifficultyinworkingoutthisdifficultproblemthatIadmirehimverymuch.这样小的一个男孩解这道题所遇到的困难是如此之少,以至于我很羡慕他。(第一个little意为“小”,因此前面用such修饰;第二个little意为“少”,因此前面用so修饰。)Hehadsomuchworktodothathehadtoworklateintothenight.他有那么多工作要做,不得不工作到深夜。句型:such(+形容词)+复数可数名词+that1.TheyaresuchdifficultproblemsthatIdon’tknowhowtosettlethem.这些问题是如此复杂,以至于我不知道如何解决。2.Hemadesuchalotofmistakesinhismathsexercisesthathehadtodothemallover.他做错了如此多的数学题,以至于不得不全部重新做。(正)Theyaresuchfineteachersthatweallholdthemingreatrespect.(误)Theyaresofineteachersthatweallholdthemingreatrespect.他们是非常好的老师,我们对他们极为尊敬。注意:当可数名词前有形容词many,few修饰时,要用so,而不用such。句型为“so+many/few+复数可数名词+that”。3.TherearesofewnotebooksthatIcan’tgiveyouany.笔记本太少了,我一本也给不了你。4.TherearesomanykindsofbikesonsaleatthemarketthatIcannotmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.市场上出售的自行车种类很多,我拿不定主意要买哪一种。单句语法填空1.Apartfromthat,thedecoratedresumesdolittlehelptofindajob________mostHRmanagerspaymoreattentiontoskills.2.________thefactorywasalateraddition,itprovedthatsubsequentlydedicatedcoinmintswerebuiltsomewhereinChinafromtheverybeginning.3.Withoutcomplexdecorations,itcombinesbuildingswithscenerysowell________thewholegardenappearstobenaturallyendowed(赋予).4.________ornotyouagree,thesayingdoesreflectitsvitalroleinthecity'sevolution(演变).易混点(一)定语从句和并列句1.Shehasmanynovels,someof____________areinteresting.2.Shehasmanynovels,andsomeof____________areinteresting.易混点(二)定语从句和状语从句1.(1)Weyoungpeopleshouldgototheplace____________isinneedofhelp.(2)Weyoungpeopleshouldgo____________we’remostneeded.2.(1)Iwillalwaysrememberthedays____________Ilivedwithmygrandparentsinthecountryside.(2)Ialwaysrememberthedaysinthecountryside____________Iseethephotoofmygrandparents.3.(1)Thisissuchaninterestingworkofart____________allofuslike.(2)Thisissuchaninterestingworkofart____________allofuslikeit.易混点(三)定语从句和名词性从句1.(1)____________isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(2)____________isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(3)____________isknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2.(1)Anyone____________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.(2)____________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.3.(1)Themothermadeapromise____________pleasedallherchildren.(2)Themothermadeapromise____________shewouldbuynewtoys.4.(1)Myuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetotheplace____________isthecenterofthetown.(2)Myuncleistheownerofarestaurantcloseto____________Ilive.5.(1)Ourteacherdidall____________hecouldtohelpus.(2)Ourteacherdid____________hecouldtohelpus.6.(1)Iwillhelpthose____________areinneedofhelp.(2)Iwillhelp____________isinneedofhelp.7.(1)Shewasnot____________sheusedtobe.(2)Shewasnotthewoman____________sheusedtobe.易混点(四)定语从句和固定句型1.Itwasthetime____________chinesepeoplehadahardlife.2.Itisthefirsttime____________shehasbeeninShanghai.易混点(五)状语从句和并列句1.____________youtakethismedicine,youwillbeallright.2.Takethismedicine,____________youwillbeallright.易混点(六)状语从句和名词性从句1.I’lltrymybesttohelphim,nomatter____________turnstomeforhelp.2.Iwilltrymybesttohelp____________turnstomeforhelp.3.____________turnstomeforhelpiswelcome.易混点(七)状语从句和独立主格结构1.____________timepermits,we’llgocamping.2.Time____________(permit),we’llgocamping.一.单句语法填空1.Gettingupearlyhasmanybenefitsforbothyourbody________yourmind.2.Gettingthatplasticoutofthewateragainisnearlyimpossible,________policymakersshouldfocusonpreventinganymoreofitenteringtheoceansinthefirstplace.3.MackisinthemiddleofhisA-levels,________heistooimpatienttofinishtheyear,soheistakingabreakfromhisstudiestoattempttheworldrecord.4.Forinstance,youhavetoaddingredientsinthecorrectorder,________cookieswillbeunpleasantlywet.5.Thebookcreatesapaintingstylethatisbothclassical________modern.6.Inthefollowingyears,________Denghasdedicatedhimselftotraining,strugglingforanopportunitytoflyintospace,hehasalwaysbeeninchesawayfromgoodluckandhasyettomakeit.7.Dad,youareonlyonestepawayfromfulfillingyourdream.Youmustholdontoit,nomatter________awaitsyou.8.Inaddition,improvementofteachers'professionaldevelopmentcannotbeoveremphasized________technologywillneverreplaceaknowledgeableteacher.9.IfeelI'mmissingsomething________Idon'teatyuanxiaoduringtheLanternFestival.10.Onesolutiontothisproblemistocollectandpreservetheseedsofasmanydifferentspeciesaswecan________theydisappear.二.语篇填空ShaanxikuaibanisatraditionalChineseformofstorytellingintheShaanxidialecttotherhythmofbambooclappers.InJune,it1.________(recognize)asanintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)atthenationallevel.Itcanbeperformedbyagrouporalone.TheartformcandatebacktothelateQingDynasty.Accordingtoitsperformers,theartwas2.________(origin)usedbyfarmerstosharetheirknowledgeandearnmoney.3.________now,morepeopleperformShaanxikuaibanondifferentoccasions—forexample,atagreatmanyfestival4.________(celebrate),partiesandartshows.YangJinlong,46,isan5.________(experience)Shaanxikuaibanartist.Hewasintroducedtotheartformbyhisfather,anamateurperformer,whenhewas6,andoftenwentwithhim6.________(watch)kuaibanperformances.“Asayoungboy,Iwasattached7.________theartformbecausemanyofthestoriesareaboutheroes.Theperformertellsstorieswhileplayingkuaiban,anditiseasyfortheaudiencetorememberthestoriessinceallthelinesrhyme,”Yangsaid.Since2003,he8.________(teach)theartformtoyoungpeople.“Arteducationisplaying9.________importantroleinstudentsinChina.JustasmanystudentslearntoplayWesternmusicalinstruments,therearemanypeople10.________(learn)traditionalChinesefolkarts,includingShaanxikuaiban,”Yangsaid.专题04并列句和状语从句目录考点聚焦:核心考点,有的放矢重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺牛刀小试:知识点和关键点训练,能力提升学以致用:提升专练,全面突破考点一并列句考点二时间状语从句考点三让步状语从句考点四地点状语从句考点五原因的状语从句考点六条件状语从句考点七目的、结果状语从句考点一并列句一.常考并列连词表示转折、对比关系but,yet(然而),while(然而,强调对比)表示并列/递进关系and,both...and...,notonly...but(also)...,neither...nor...等表示选择关系or,either...or...,not...but...等表示因果关系for(一般不放在句首),so等1.Notonlycanabeautifulsmilemakeourselveshappy,butalsoitenablesotherstofeeldelighted.一个灿烂的笑容不仅能使我们自己高兴,而且能使他人感到愉快。2.Thefailurewasabigblowtohim,buthewasn’tdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiasticasever.这次失败对他来说是个很大的打击,但他并没有沮丧,很快便像以前一样充满热情。3.Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人,而我的室友凯特却极有条理。4.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.由于他的视力下降,他发现读书越来越困难了。名师点津but不与although/though连用,但yet,still可与although/though连用。二.特殊并列连词及并列句1.when可用作并列连词,意为“这时,那时”,相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式:①beabouttodosth.when...“正要做某事,这时突然……”②beonthepointofdoingsth.when...“正要做某事,这时突然……”③bedoingsth.when...“正在做某事,这时突然……”④had(just/already)donesth.when...“刚做完某事,这时突然……”IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正开车去伦敦,这时突然发现自己走错了路。Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业,她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。2.“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”,有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。Inanyunsafesituation,simplypressthebuttonandahighlytrainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.在任何不安全的情况下,仅仅摁一下这个按钮,一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。Startoutrightaway,
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