2025版高考英语一轮复习必修3Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina学案含解析外研版

PAGEModule5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina(主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化)基础学问·全面回顾JICHUZHISHIQUANMIANHUIGU●Ⅰ单词分类巧记阅读词汇认读1．principlen． __原则；准则__2．philosophyn. __哲学__3．advisern. __顾问__4．categoryn. __范畴；种类__核心词汇识记1．__position__ n．职位2．__stress__ vt.强调3．__condition__ n．状况；条件；环境4．__equal__adj.同等的→__equality__n.同等5．__importance__n.重要；重要性→__important__adj.重要的6．__influential__adj.有影响的→__influence__n.&v．影响7．__honesty__n．诚恳→__honest__adj.诚恳的8．__contribution__n.贡献→__contribute__vt.贡献9．__invent__vt.独创→__invention__n.独创→__inventor__n.独创家10．__argument__n.争辩；辩论；争论→__argue__v.争辩；辩论11．__freedom__n.自由→__free__adj.自由的；空闲的；免费的用所给词的适当形式填空1．Heisavery__influential__person.Hehasanimportant__influence__onpeople’sideas.(influential)2．Idisliketheir__argument__buttheyoften__argue__witheachotheraboutsomesmallmatters.(argue)3．Edisonwasagreat__inventor__andwasfamousforhis__inventions__becausehe__invented__manythingsinhislife.(invent)4．__Freed__fromprison，hecontinuedhisstrugglefor__freedom__ofhispeople.(free)5．Thewriterpersonally__contributed__￡5,000totheearthquakefundlastweekandallhis__contributions__weregratefullyreceived.(contribute)6．The__honest__boyimpressedalltheemployerswithhis__honesty__.(honesty)●Ⅱ短语互译速记1．与……交战 __beatwarwith__2．哺育；抚养 __bringup__3．为……骄傲 __beproudof__4．同意；与……相符；适合(某人) __agreewith__5．becomeinterestedin __对……感爱好__6．inconclusion __总之__7．forthefirsttime __第一次__8．asenseofresponsibility __责任感__选用上述短语填空1．__Broughtup__inahappyandwealthyfamily，Robertlearnedhowtoobservegoodmannersathome.2．Absolutely，she__isproudof__hersonwhohasgothisDoctor’sdegreefromHarvardUniversity.3．__Inconclusion__，asadults，weshouldtakemoreintoconsiderationwhenmakingdecisions.4．Thetwosidesdidnotagreeonthesubject__forthefirsttime__，sotodaytheywillsitdownoncemoretohaveadiscussion.5．I__becameinterestedin__ChineseliteraturethemomentIarrivedinChina.6．Youlookwell.TheairandtheseafoodsinSanyamust__agreewith__you，Isuppose.1．“形容词＋-y变为名词”单词汇总(1)honest→honesty诚恳(2)difficult→difficulty困难(3)modest→modesty虚心2．“焦虑的”大集合(1)anxiousadj.焦虑的；担忧的(2)stressedadj.惊慌的；焦虑的(3)worriedadj.着急的；担忧的(4)nervousadj.神经惊慌的；焦虑担忧的(5)tenseadj.惊慌的；焦虑的(6)concernedadj.着急的；担忧的3．各种“争辩”(1)argumentn．争辩；辩论(2)discussionn．探讨(3)debaten．争辩；辩论(4)quarreln．争吵(5)disputen．争辩；争端4．“at＋n.”短语集合(1)atwar处于交战状态(2)atpeace处于和平状态(3)atwork在工作(4)attable在吃饭(5)atrest在休息5．“……感”一览(1)asenseofresponsibility责任感(2)asenseofdirection方向感(3)asenseofhumour幽默感(4)asenseofachievement成就感(5)asenseofbelonging归属感6．“出毛病”小结(1)gowrong(2)outoforder(3)breakdown●Ⅲ佳句精析精练1．Treatothersinthewayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。[精析]way“方式；方法”，作先行词并且在从句中作状语时，用inwhich，that或省略关系词的形式引导定语从句。2．Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.孟子认为，人区分于动物的缘由就在于人性本善。[精析]“thereasonwhy...isthat...”中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。3．However，wedoknowthatin1092ADheinvented...然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他独创了……[精析]“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调。4．Carswerefirstusedattheendofthenineteenthcentury，andwerenofasterthanahorse.汽车在19世纪末首次投入运用，那时并不比马快多少。[精析]“no＋比较级＋than”表示“一者并不比另一者……；两者都不……”。[句式仿写]依据上述句式完成句子1．她艳羡我回答问题的方式。Sheadmired__theway(that)/inwhich__Iansweredthequestions.2．我没有参与宴会的缘由是我太忙了。Thereason__why__Ididn’tattendtheparty__wasthat__Iwastoobusy.3．他的确喜爱听古典音乐。__Hedoesenjoy__listeningtoclassicalmusic.4．半真半假的话不见得比说谎要好。Ahalftruthisoften__nobetterthan__alie.●Ⅳ单元语法过关定语从句语法填空1．Thatscientist__whose__workissuccessfulhasbeenmadeamodelworker.[解析]句意：那个工作很胜利的科学家已经当选为劳动模范。句中的先行词为thatscientist，且空处在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词work，所以用whose引导。2．Hisnewcar，for__which__hepaid7,000pounds，hasalreadyhadtoberepaired.[解析]句意：他花了7,000英镑买来的那辆新车已经不得不修理了。此处是“介词for＋which”引导的定语从句，先行词为hisnewcar。3．Inourschoolthereare200computers，__of__which60%needreplacing.[解析]句意：我们学校有200台电脑，其中有60%的电脑须要更换。此处of表示整体与部分的关系，即用于“部分＋of＋整体(which，whom)”结构中。此句可以转化为“Inourschoolthereare200computers，and60%ofthemneedreplacing.”。4．Manypeopletriedtoleavethecountry，__where__therewasmuchviolenceandaseriousshortageoffoodsupply.[解析]逗号后面的句子为定语从句，修饰先行词thecountry，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where。5．Theclassroomiscrowdedwithchildren__who__havepooreyesight，allof__them__interestedinpainting.[解析]句意：教室中挤满了视力不好的孩子，他们都对绘画感爱好。whohavepooreyesight是定语从句，修饰先行词children。alloftheminterestedinpainting是独立主格结构。考点探究·素养演练KAODIANTANJIUSUYANGYANLIAN高频单词1．equaladj.同等的；相等的；胜任的v.等于；比得上n．相匹敌的人(东西)激活学问语法填空①(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Yourpersonalcircumstancesare__equally__(equal)important.②Iamnotequal__to__theposition，soIdon’tapplyforit.③Noneofuscanequalhim__in__strength.④IwillmakefullpreparationsforthejobinterviewbecauseIbelievein__equality__(equal)ofopportunity.归纳拓展(1)feel/beequalto(doing)sth.能胜任(做)……；与……相等beequalin在……方面相同/相等withoutequal无比；无敌equalsb./sth.(insth.)与某人/某物(在某方面)相同或相等(2)equalityn．同等；相等equallyadv.相等地；同等地巧学助记无与伦比的equal实力提升句型转换Noonematcheshimincourage，aboutwhicheveryoneknows.①Noone__equalshimin__courage，aboutwhicheveryoneknows.②Noone__isequaltohimin__courage，aboutwhicheveryoneknows.2．contributionn.贡献；捐款；稿件激活学问语法填空①(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Emojicancontributedirectly__to__thatpositiveoutcome.②(2024·江苏高考)Wilsonreceivedseveralinternationalawardsforhisgreat__contributions__(contribute).导图助记实力提升完成句子①Don’tundervalueJim’s__contributions__totheresearch.不要低估了吉姆在探讨工作中的贡献。②Wouldyouliketo__makeacontributionto__thehospitalbuildingfund?你情愿为医院建设基金捐款吗？3．ordern．秩序；次序；吩咐；规则；订单vt.吩咐；订购；点菜激活学问视察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义①(2024·新全国卷Ⅰ)Youshouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions.(__点菜__)②(2024·天津高考)ShallIorderataxiforSarahtogototheairporttonight？(__订__)③(2024·江苏高考)Governmentscouldorderthesharingofcertainkindsofdata，withusers’consent.(__吩咐__)④(全国卷Ⅰ)Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet，inorder，from1to26.(__依次__)归纳拓展(1)inorder整齐；秩序井然；按依次；妥当的outoforder发生故障；次序颠倒；混乱placeanorderforsth.withsb.向某人订购某物(2)ordersb.todosth.吩咐某人做某事order＋that-clause吩咐……提示：order作动词时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略；作名词表示“吩咐”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。实力提升语法填空①Thegovernmenthasplacedanorder__for__newweapons.②Theoldmanorderedtherudeyoungman__togo__(go)out.③Heorderedthattheworkshould__bestarted__(start)atonce.4．conditionn．条件；状况；环境激活学问语法填空①(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)It’stheoff-settrainingandliving__conditions__(condition)thatareraisingconcerns.②Thoughinhiseighties，theoldmanisstill__in__goodcondition.③__On__noconditionmustyoutellthemthesecret.④Canyouimaginesuchconditions__where__youhavenothingtoliveonforaweek?归纳拓展(1)living/housing/workingconditions生活/住房/工作条件under...conditions在……条件下(2)beingood/bad/poorcondition状况良好/恶劣；健康/不健康outofcondition身体不适(3)oncondition(that)．..在……条件下；倘如onnocondition决不(放于句首时，句子需部分倒装)留意：(1)condition表示“环境”时，常用复数形式；表示“状况”时，是不行数名词；表示“条件”时，是可数名词。(2)onnocondition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词等放在主语之前。实力提升句型转换①Thereisnodifficultywecannotovercomeaslongasweareunited.→Thereisnodifficultywecannotovercome__onconditionthat__weareunited.②Chinawillneverbethefirsttousenuclearweapons.→__Onnocondition__willChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.5．stressn．压力；重音vt.加压力于；使惊慌激活学问语法填空①(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestress__on__theanklesandhips.②Thingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleare__under__stress.③Studyingabroadcanbe__stressful__(stress)，becauseyouhavetoworryaboutadjustingtoanewcultureatthesametime.④Cooperationorteamwork，theimportance__of__whichisoftenstressed，playsanimportantpartinfootballmatches.归纳拓展(1)stresstheimportanceof强调……的重要性(2)understress在压力之下underthestressof在……压力下；为……所迫lay/put/placestresson强调；把重点放在……上(3)stressfuladj.压力大的；惊慌的实力提升一句多译老师常常强调勤奋在通往胜利之路上的重要性。①Teachersoften__stressedtheimportanceof__diligenceintheapproachtosuccess.(stressv．)②Teachersoften__laidstresson__diligenceintheapproachtosuccess.(stressn.)常考短语6．bringup哺育；抚养；提出；呕吐激活学问视察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义①Tooursurprise，TomwasbroughtupbyaChinesecouple.(__抚养__)②Alltheseproblemswerebroughtupatthelastmeeting.(__提出__)③Thegreedychildbroughtupallhehadeaten.(__呕吐__)归纳拓展bringabout引起；产生；导致；带来bringsth.back带回某物；使想起……bringdown让……降下来；使倒下bringforward提前bringin引入bringout取出；使显出；阐明；出版实力提升介副词填空①Sciencehasbrought__about__manychangesinourlives.②Inadditiontohissalary，hehasinvestmentswhichbring__in__aboutfivehundredpoundsayear.③Martinhasbeenbringing__up__allheate.④Difficultiescanbring__out__aperson’sbestqualities.必备句型7．Treatothersinthewayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。激活学问句式仿写Idon’tliketheway__(that/inwhich)helooksatme__.我不喜爱他那样看着我。归纳拓展(1)way作“方式；方法”讲，在句中作先行词时，假如定语从句中缺少状语，则用that或inwhich来引导，也可省略。(2)若定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，则运用关系代词which或that。(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，后接不定式或ofdoingsth.的形式作后置定语。实力提升语法填空①Theway__that/which__cameupatthemeetingwasunpractical.②Specialistscancomeupwithnewways__tosolve/ofsolving__(solve)theproblemofairpollution.8．Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.孟子认为，人区分于动物的缘由就在于人性本善。激活学问用适当的关联词填空①Theonlyreason__why__Iwentwas__that__Iwantedtomeetyourfriends.②Thereasonforthepartyis__that__it’sSue’sbirthday.③Thereason__(that/which)__heexplainedtousis__that__hehadn’treaditbefore.④Whydon’tyoubelievethereason__that__mycarwasheldupinthetrafficjam?归纳拓展(1)thereasonwhy...isthat...“……的缘由是……”，其中why引导的是定语从句，is之后的that引导表语从句。(2)That/Thisisbecause...“这是因为……”，because引导表语从句，表示缘由。(3)That/Thisiswhy...“这就是……的缘由”，why引导表语从句，表示结果。(4)thereason后接同位语从句说明其内容时，用引导词that。留意：reason用作先行词时，其后定语从句中的关系代词或副词的选择要依据定语从句所缺少的成分来确定：(1)假如从句中缺少状语，则要用why或forwhich引导定语从句，why有时可以省略；(2)假如缺少主语或宾语，则要用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句，that/which在定语从句中作宾语时也可省略。实力提升句式升级Hewasn’tadmittedintoakeyuniversityin2024becausehisgradesweretoolow.→__Thereasonwhyhewasn’tadmittedintoakeyuniversityin2024wasthathisgradesweretoolow.__(thereasonwhy...isthat...)课堂达标·巩固提升KETANGDABIAOGONGGUTISHENGⅠ.单句语法填空1．Nobodywantstoliveinavery__stressful__(stress)environment.2．Inmyopinion，__honesty__(honest)isthemostimportantpartoffriendship，becauseIhatebeingcheated.3．Inmyday，children__werebrought__(bring)uptorespectthelaw.4．Asrewardforhis__contribution__(contribute)tobotany，JosephBankshadaflowernamedafterhim.5．Heisavery__influential__(influence)maninthecompany，soeveryonewouldliketofollowhisadvice.6．__Do__becarefulwhileyouaredrivingontheroad.7．Idon’tthinkBobisequal__to__beingamanager，forhehaslittleknowledgeaboutmanagement.8．Asweallknow，therearefourimportant__inventions__(invent)inancientChina.9．Ithoughthimtobeniceandhonest__the__firsttimeImethim.10．ThereasonwhyIhavetogois__that__mymotherisillinbed.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Hecan’tstillgoforanouting，becauseheisoutofthecondition.__去掉the__2．Heorderedthatthegoodssentbyair.__sent前加be__3．Whateverbackgroundyoucomefrom，youcanbeequalsuccessfulwithyourhardworklikemanyothers.__equal→equally__4．Thetwocountrieshavebeenatwareachotherformorethanfiveyears.__在war后加with__5．Thereasonwhyhediedyoungwasbecausehepaidnoattentiontohishealth.__because→that__6．HebroughtupinFrance，buthespeaksEnglishfluently.__在brought前加was__7．I’llcomeinconditionthatJohnisinvitedtoo.__in→on__8．Thisistheplacewheretheymetthefirsttime.__met后加for__9．Ihatethewaywhichshealwayscriticizesme.__which→that或在which前加in或去掉which__10．I’maspoorashim.SowecansayI’mnotricherthanhim.__not→no__Ⅲ.教材连接高考依据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Menciuswasathinkerwhoseteachingswereverysimilarto__1.those__ofConfucius.Menciuswasbornin372BC.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung，andhe__2.wasbrought__(bring)upbyhismother.Hebecamea