句子成分的划分解析及练习

句子成分的划分英语句子成分：组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等。一、主语（subject）:句子说明的人或事物。1.Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳从东方升起。（名词）2.Helikesdancing.他喜欢跳舞。（代词）3.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.二十年在历史中是个很短的时间。(数词)4.Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。（动名词）5.Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。（不定式）6.Whatheneedsisabook.他所需要的是本书（主语从句）二、谓语（predicate）:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。1.WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语2.Heisasleep.他睡着了。三、表语（predicative）:表示主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，表语前面的动词称为系动词。1.Heisateacher.他是个老师（名词2.Fiveandfiveisten.五加五等于十（数词）3.Heisasleep.他睡着了（形容词）4.Hisfatherisin.他的父亲在家（副词）5.Thepictureisonthewall.画在墙上。(介词短语)6.Thatsoundsgood那听起来很好。7.Tomlooksthin.汤姆看上去很瘦。常见的系动词有:be,sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,feel(摸起来)，smell（闻起来）,taste（尝起来、吃起来）...四、宾语：动作、行为的对象1.IlikeChina.我喜欢中国。（名词）2.Youcanhelpme.你能帮助我。（代词）3.Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.你们需要多少？我们需要两个。（数词）4.Ilikeplayingsoccer.我喜欢踢足球。（动名词）5.Iwanttohaveanapple.我想要吃个苹果。（不定式）6.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?你写下他所说的话了吗？（宾语从句）双宾语-----间接宾语（指人）和直接宾语（指物）Tom’smotherbuyhimsomebooks.汤姆的妈妈给他买了一些书。五、宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。1.Weelectedhimmonitor.我们选他当班长（名词）2.Wewillmakethemhappy.我们将让他们高兴。（形容词）3.Wefoundnobodyin.我们发现没人在里面。(副词)4.Hisfatherhelphimtodohishomework.他的父亲帮他做家庭作业。（带to不定式）六、定语：修饰名词或代词的词、词组或句子。1.HeisaChineseteacher.他是个语文老师。（名词）2.Heisourfriend.他是我们的朋友。（代词）3.Ihavethreebooks.我有三本书。（数词）4.Heisagoodstudent.他是个好学生。（形容词）5.Theboyinredismybrother.穿红衣服的男孩是我的弟弟。(介词短语)七、状语：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。表示行为发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式等。1.Igotoschoolatseveno’clock.我在七点钟上学。2.Hereadsthebookintheroom.他在房间里看书。3.Idon’tlikethrillersbecausetheyarescary.我不喜欢恐怖片因为它们太吓人了。练习一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.Theapplestastedsweet.14.Henoticedamanentertheroom.15.Tobehonest,yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.二、选出句中谓语的中心词（10分，10分钟）①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn'tC.doD.hishomework⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book(三)挑出下列句中的宾语。①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.⑩Theydidn'tknowwho"FatherChristmas”reallyis.(四)挑出下列句中的表语。①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.(五)挑出下列句中的定语。①TheyuseMr.,Mrs.withthefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.(六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语。①DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.(七)挑出下列句中的状语。①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③Hebegan