（3）阅读理解-疾病与医疗-2024年高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编

（3）阅读理解-疾病与医疗——2024年高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编一、【2024年新高考Ⅰ卷，阅读B】"Iamnotcrazy,"saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(针灸)onarabbit."Iamaheadofmytime."Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe'llhavethelastlaugh.He'soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(兽医)nowpracticing"holistic"medicine—combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩疗法)andherbalmedicine.Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentscasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,"movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably"afterachiropracticadjustment.Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700."Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,"hesays."Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That'smyjob."1．WhatdosomeofFarber'scoworkersthinkofhim?A.He'sodd. B.He'sstrict. C.He'sbrave. D.He'srude.2．WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity.B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.C.Hebenefitedfromitasapatient.D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners.3．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment. B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians'work.C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases. D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.4．WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A.ToproveFarber'spoint. B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.C.Topraiseveterinarians. D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.二、【2024年贵州毕节三模，阅读B】Nikwasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancerin2008whenhewas17.Hediedin2012.ButNik'skindnessandgenerosityhavelivedonlongafterhisdeath.Afterhewasdiagnosedandstartedtreatment,Nikwasgranted(给予)awishexperiencefromtheMake-A-WishFoundation.“Forjustthisperiodoftime,wedidn'tthinkaboutcancer,”KelliBoehlesaid.“Allwethoughtaboutwasenjoyingourtimetogether.”In2009,NikmetanotheryoungmanNate,whowasalsogoingthroughcancertreatment.He'dbeendiagnosedamonthafterturning18,andNikleanedhewastoooldtoqualifyforawish.ThenightbeforeNik'sdeath,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo.“Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn'tstopcomingintomymind,”shesaid.In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.Natewastheorganization'sfirstwishrecipient.“It'smeanttobringthemjoyandknowthatthey'relovedandthatwe'refightingforthem,too,”KelliBoehlesaid.Recently,19-year-oldJordanMorrowreceivedherwishtoattendaTaylorSwiftconcertaspartofatriptoLosAngeles.ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtotheconcerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits.“Ithinkit'ssomethingtogetmethroughwhatevercomesmyway,”shesaid.“AndI'mthankfulforNik'sWishforthat.”Inthe11yearssinceNikdied,theorganizationhasgrantedmorethan300wishesacrossmorethan30states.Inthebeginning,KelliBoehlesaysshewasn'tsureshecouldbeawishmakerandworkcloselywiththeyoungadults.Butnow,it'sherfavoritethingtodo.1．WhatdidNickaskhismothertodo?A.Makeyoungadultswithcancerenjoythetreatment.B.Staywithyoungadultswithcancerbeforetheirdeath.C.Helpyoungadultswithcancerrealizetheirwishes.D.Allowyoungadultswithcancertojoinafoundation.2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNik?A.Generousandcaring. B.Honestandpositive.C.Kindandproud. D.Confidentandserious.3．WhatdoweknowaboutKelliBoehle?A.ShehelpedNikcurecancer. B.SheaskedMorrowtoholdaconcert.C.ShesetupNik'sWishin2012. D.Shewasdiagnosedwithcancer.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Cancerpatients.B.Awishmaker.C.Akindmother.D.Youngadults.三、【2024年湖北襄阳模拟，阅读C】Researchershavedevelopedamaterialmadeofcollagenprotein（胶原蛋白）frompig'sskin,whichresemblesthehumancornea（眼角膜）andrestoredvisionto20people.Thepromisingresultofthetrialbringshopetopeoplesufferingfromcornealblindness.Anestimated12.7millionpeoplearoundtheworldareblindduetotheircorneasbeingdamagedordiseased.Theironlywayofregainingvisionistoreceiveatransplantedcorneafromahumandonor.Butjustonein70patientsreceivesacorneatransplant.Furthermore,mostofthemliveinlowandmiddle-incomecountriesinwhichaccesstotreatmentsisverylimited.Toavoidtheabovedisadvantagesoftraditionalcorneatreatment,theresearchersusedcollagenproteinfrompig'sskin."Itispossibletodevelopabiomaterialthatmeetsallthecriteriaforbeingusedashumanimplants（移植物）,whichcanbemass-producedandreachmorepeoplewithvisionproblems,"saidProfessorNeilLagali.Whiledonatedcorneasmustbeusedwithintwoweeks,thebioengineeredcorneascanbestoredforuptotwoyearsbeforeuse.Thepigskinusedisabyproductofthefoodindustry,makingiteasytoaccess.Theresearchershavealsodevelopedanewsurgicalmethodfortreatingthedisease.Nostitches（缝针）areneededwiththisnewmethod.Inapilotstudy,14ofthe20participantswereblindbeforetheoperation.Aftertwoyears,allofthepatientsregainedtheirsight.ThreeoftheIndianparticipantswhohadbeenblindhadperfectvisionaftertheoperation.Theresearchersalsowanttostudywhetherthetechnologycanbeusedtotreatmoreeyediseases,andwhethertheimplantcanbeadaptedtotheindividualforevengreatereffectiveness.1．Whatisthedisadvantageoftraditionalcorneatreatment?A.Serioussideeffects. B.Lowavailabilityrate.C.Poormedicalequipment. D.Complicatedsurgicalprocess.2．Whatdoweknowaboutthebiomaterial?A.Ithashigherproductioncosts.B.Itcanbestoredformuchlonger.C.Itisabletobeusedforseveraltimes.D.Itcanhelppeoplepreventvisionproblems.3．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthenewsurgicalmethod?A.Successful. B.Ineffective. C.Convenient. D.Controversial.4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tospreadknowledgeaboutcorneadonation. B.Toshowthedifficultiesoftreatingblindness.C.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheireyesproperly.D.Topresentanewbreakthroughinthemedicalfield.四、【2024年安徽合肥模拟，阅读D】Whensomeonedamagestheirbackbone,theinjurycanleavethemparalyzed(瘫痪).Now,scientistshavegiventhreeparalyzedmentheabilitytowalkagain,thankstoanimplanteddevice.Thehumanbackbone,orspine,doesn’tjusthelpusstandupstraight.Insideisthespinalcord,whichcarriesimportantinformationbetweentheheadandthelowerpartofthebody.Thisinformationmovesaroundasburstsofelectricitytravelingbetweenthebrainandtheotherpartsofthebody.Whenthespinalcordishurt,thispathwaygetsdamagedandtheycan’tmovetheirlegs.NowscientistsinSwitzerlandhavegiventhreeparalyzedmentheabilitytowalkagain.Tohelpthemwalkagain,themenhadsurgery.Aspecialdevicewasplaceddirectlyonthelowerpartoftheirspinalcord,belowtheirinjury.This“implant”containedsixteenelectrodes,whicharesmallobjectsthatelectricitycanpassthrough.Theresearchersmadesuretheelectrodeswerelinedupwithnervesthatcontrolthelegmuscles.Thescientistscontrolledtheimplantsfromatabletcomputer.Thepatient’sbrainsaren’tsending“walking”messagestotheirlegs.Instead,thetablettellstheimplanttosendthewalkingmessages.Theresearchersusedcomputerstogeneratepatternsofmovement,liketakingastep.Thepatientthenusesthetablettochoosethepatternandthemusclesmoveinthechosenway.Overtime,themenwereabletowalkusingaspecialwalkerwithbuttonstocontroleachleg.Thesolutionisn’tperfect.It’sveryexpensive,itrequiresdifficultsurgery,andthepatientscan’twalkwithoutthesystem.Butthescientistsarehopefulthatinthefuture,thissortoftechnologywillallowmanyparalyzedpeopletobegintowalkagaininjusthours.1．What'sthemainfunctionofthespinalcord?A.Itservesasamessagecarrier. B.Ithelpspeoplestandupstraight.C.Ittakescontrolofthemuscles. D.Itproducessignalsformovements.2．Whatistheimplanteddeviceexpectedtodo?A.Activatethedamagednerves. B.Identifythepositionoftheinjury.C.Testthedegreeofthedamage. D.Bridgethenervegapmadebytheinjury.3．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Howthesurgeryisperformed. B.Howthedeviceworksonpatients.C.Howthepatientswalkwithoutaid. D.Howmovementpatternsaredesigned.4．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Damagednervesrecoveraftersurgery.B.Tabletsareusedinamedicaltreatment.C.Implanthelpstheparalyzedwalkagain.D.Scientistsmadeadiscoveryonbackbones.五、【2024年湖南邵阳联考，阅读D】Inthesecondhalfofthe18thcentury,aBritishdoctornamedEdwardJennergavehisgardener’ssoncowpox(牛痘)andthendeliberatelyinfectedhimwithsmallpox(天花)totesthisassumptionthatpeoplewhowerefrequentlyexposedtocowpox,asimilarbutlessseverevirus,wouldavoidcatchingsmallpox.Itworkedandcowpoxasthevaccine(疫苗)washighlyeffective.“Vaccination”,fromtheLatinwordforcow,soonbecamecommonplace.Challengetrialsareformsofresearchwhere,ratherthanrelyingondatafromnaturalinfections,weintentionallyexposesomeonetoadiseaseinordertotesttheeffectivenessofavaccineortreatment.ThingshavechangedalotsinceJenner’stime,ofcourse,whenitwasnotuncommonfordoctorstoconductthiskindofresearch.Evenso,there’sacontinuoussensethatthere’ssomethingimmoralaboutmakingsomeoneillonpurpose.Butthisshouldn’tblindustotheextraordinarypowerofchallengetrials.Theycouldbecomeincreasinglyimportantweaponsinthemedicalresearch,inasituationwherevaccinetechnologyisadvancingandthethreatofdiseasesjumpingfromanimalsintohumanbeingsisincreasing.Muchhasbeendonetoreducetherisksofchallengetrials.Likerespiratorysyncytialvirus(RSV),researchershaveinvolvedadultswhoareatalowriskofsevereillness.Theseactshavealreadycutdownamassiverangeofvaccinecandidates.Butnotalldiseasesareliketheseones.Wedon’talwaysknowthedangersvolunteersmightface;wedon’talwayshavetreatmentsready.Whatthen?Wecould,ofcourse,justavoidthesequestionsentirely,andrelyonothertypesofresearch.Butthatdoesn’talwayswork:sometimes,animaltestingistrickyanduninformative,becausethediseasedoesn’tdevelopinthesamewayasitwouldinhumans.Incontrast,challengetrialscanbedeeplyinformativewithinweeks,withfarfewervolunteers.Andthebenefitscanbesurprisinglyhigh.Inordertomakesureweareasprotectedaspossiblefromcurrentandfuturethreats,weshouldtrytogetridofthemisbeliefinchallengetrials,makingthemamorefamiliarpartofourtoolkits.Perhapsthegreatestrewardofallwouldbetomakesureparticipants’effortsareworthwhile:bydesigningtrialstobefairandeffectiveandapplyingthemwhenandwheretheymightmakearealdifference.Inshort,byhelpingthemtosavethousands,ifnotmillionsoflives.1．TheauthortellsthestoryofEdwardJennerwiththeintentionof________.A.definingwhatarechallengetrials.B.showingtheoriginoftheword“vaccination”.C.emphasizingtheimportanceofhisvaccine.D.introducingthetopicofchallengetrials.2．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Theissuesbehindchallengetrialsareeasytosolve.B.Despitetherisks,challengetrialscanbenefitnumerouslives.C.Thedangersofchallengetrialsoutweighthebenefitstheybring.D.Challengetrialscanpreventthedevelopmentofvaccinetechnologies.3．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Acautiousattitudeshouldbetakentowardschallengetrials.B.Challengetrialsguaranteeparticipantsprotectionagainstthreats.C.Peopleshouldbemoreopentochallengetrials.D.Theaccuracyofchallengetrialscanbeimprovedwithmorevolunteersinvolved.4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Canchallengetrialsblockmedicalprogress?B.Shouldweusechallengetrialstofindcures?C.Canchallengetrialsputanendtoinfectiousdiseases?D.Shouldwereplaceanimaltestingwithchallengetrials?六、【2024年江苏泰州一模，阅读C】Thehumanbodypossessesanefficientdefensesystemtobattlewithfluviruses.Theimmunesystemprotectsagainsttheattackofharmfulmicrobes(微生物)byproducingchemicalscalledantibodies,whichareprogrammedtodestroyaspecifictypeofmicrobe.Theytravelinthebloodandsearchthebodyforinvaders(入侵者).Whentheyfindaninvasivemicrobe,antibodiesattackanddestroyanycellthatcontainsthevirus.However,fluvirusescanbeaterribleenemy.Evenifyourbodysuccessfullyfightsagainsttheviruses,withtheirabilitytoevolverapidly,yourbodymayhavenoprotectionorimmunityfromthenewones.Yourbodyproduceswhitebloodcellstoprotectyouagainstinfectiousdiseases.Yourbodycandetectinvadingmicrobesinyourbloodstreambecausetheycarryantigensintheirproteins.Whitebloodcellsinyourimmunesystem,suchasTcells,cansenseantigensinthevirusesinyourcells.Onceyourbodyfindsanantigen,ittakesimmediateactioninmanydifferentways.Forexample,Tcellsproducemoreantibodies,callincellsthateatmicrobes,anddestroycellsthatareinfectedwithavirus.Oneofthebestthingsabouttheimmunesystemisthatitwillalwaysrememberamicrobeithasfoughtbeforeandknowjusthowtofightitagaininthefuture.Yourbodycanlearntofightsowellthatyourimmunesystemcancompletelydestroyavirusbeforeyoufeelsickatall.However,eventhemostcautiouspeoplecanbecomeinfected.Fortunately,medicalscientistshavedevelopedvaccines(疫苗),whichareweakenedordeadfluvirusesthatenteraperson’sbodybeforethepersongetssick.Thesevirusescausethebodytoproduceantibodiestoattackanddestroythestrongvirusesthatmayinvadeduringfluseason.1．Whydoesfluposeathreattotheimmunesystem?A.Microbescontainlargequantitiesofviruses.B.Antibodiesaretooweaktoattackfluviruses.C.Thebodyhasfeweffectivewaystotackleflu.D.It’shardtokeeppacewiththeevolutionofviruses.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antigens”refertoinParagraph2?A.Thecellprotectingyourbodyfromviruses.B.Thematterservingastheindicatorofviruses.C.Theantibodieshelpingtofightagainstviruses.D.Thesubstancedestroyingcellsinfectedwithviruses.3．Howdovaccinesdefendthebodyagainstthefluviruses?A.Theystrengthenthebody’simmunesystem.B.Theybattleagainstweakenedordeadviruses.C.Theyhelpproduceantibodiestowipeoutviruses.D.Theyexposethebodytovirusesduringfluseason.4．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AntibodiesSaveOurHealth. B.VaccinesAreOfGreatNecessity.C.InfectiousFluVirusesAreAround. D.HumanBodyFightsAgainstFluViruses.七、【2024年重庆模拟，阅读D】Thepastfewmonthshavebroughtelectrifyingnewsthat,forthefirsttime,agenetreatmenthasprovidedsomehearingtochildrenbornwithdeafness.EliLillyannouncedthisweek,forexample,thataprofoundlydeafboyfromMoroccogivenitstreatmentaspartofaclinicaltrialinPhiladelphiacannowhear.AndfivechildreninChinatreatedsimilarlyatyoungeragesgainedhearingwithsomeabletoverballycommunicatewithouttheircochlearimplants(人工耳蜗).Theirhearingrecovery,firstcoveredbythepressinOctober2023,isdescribedindetailthisweekinTheLancet.“It’sanenormousachievement,”saysgeneticistKarenAvrahamofTelAvivUniversity.Otolaryngologist(耳鼻喉科专家)andgenetherapistLawrenceLustigofColumbiaUniversity,whoselabwasamongthefirsttotestthesameapproachinmice,agrees.“Otherthancochlearimplants,wehaven’treallyhadanysuccessfultreatmentstotreatdeafness,”henotes.Thevariouseffortsfromcompaniesandacademiccenterseachuseavirustoinsertthesamegene,OTOF,intothechildren’sinnerearsotheso-calledhaircellstherecansensesoundandtransmitittothebrain.Thenewdeafnesstreatmentsaddtoastringofrecentsuccessesforthegenetreatmentfield,butalsoraisequestions.Theear’shaircellsdon’tdivide,sothenewcopiesofOTOFtheycontainshouldpersistandcontinuetoinstructthecellstomakeOTOF.Geneexpressioncoulddropoffovertimeortheearcouldmountanimmuneresponsethatshutsitoff.ButLustigisoptimisticthatthevariouschallengeswillbeovercome.“Nowthatwe’vegotonesuccessstory,there’sgoingtobemoremoneycomingintofundsomeoftheseotherprojects,”hesays.1．Whatdoweknowaboutthenewtreatment?A.Itisatotallymaturepractice. B.It’saChina-onlyclinicaltrial.C.Itusesavirustosensesound. D.Itaimstotreatthedeafness.2．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactofthetreatment?A.Breakthrough. B.Regret. C.Disappointment. D.Adventure.3．Whatistheproblemofthegenetreatment?A.Thebrainrefusestoreceiveit.B.Genestopstoproducehaircells.C.Geneexpressionmightbeweakened.D.Companiesreallyprofitalotfromit.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ElectrifyingNewsBasedonSomeClinicalTrialsB.GeneTreatmentThatBringsDeafChildrenHopeC.WaysHowScientistsDevelopCochlearImplantsD.ChallengesAbouttheNewDeafnessTreatment.八、【2024年江苏盐城一模，阅读D】"Anxiety."Theverywordinvitesdiscomfort.Itseffects-shortnessofbreath,poundingheart,muscletension--areoutrightupsetting.But,asaclinician,Ifindthatwetendtomissoutonmanyvaluableopportunitiespresentedbythishumanemotion.Inandofitself,anxietyisnotdeadly,norisitadisease.Quitethecontrary:itisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Onceweacceptthatitisanormal,thoughuncomfortable,partoflife,wecanuseittohelpus.Weallknowworkingoutatthegymishard.Bynature,a"goodworkout"isuncomfortable,sinceitinvolvespushingourphysicalstrengthpastwhatwecaneasilydo.Thesweetspotofexerciseisalwaysasomewhatchallengingexperience.Similarly,ifyouwanttobeemotionallystronger,youneedtofacesometension.Forexample,oneeffectivetreatmentforfearisexposuretherapy（疗法），whichinvolvesgraduallyencounteringthingsthatmakeoneanxious,reducingfearovertime.Humansaresocialcreatures.Whenmypatientslearntoopenuptotheirpartnersabouttheiranxieties,theyalmostalwaysreportagreatersenseofemotionalcloseness.Also,asinternationalrelationshipexpertSueJohnsonteaches,whenweexpressourneedforconnectionduringchallengingmoments（e.g.,"I'mhavingahardtimerightnowandcouldreallyuseyoursupport"）,itcreatesgreaterconnectionandturnsouranxietyintolove.Fromtimetotime,wefindourselvesattheendofourrope.Ourresponsibilitiespileup,ourresourcesbreakdown,andwefeeluncomfortablyanxious-whatwe'reexperiencingiscalledstress.Simplyput,thedemandsplaceduponusoutweighouravailableresources,justlikeasetofscales（天平）goingoutofbalance.FocusingonworkandpretendingeverythingisOKonlyleadstodisastrousresults.Medicaltreatmentforstressmayfunctionforawhile,butittendstomakethingsworseinthelongrun.Theonlysolutiontodealwithstressistodothemathematicstobalancethescales.1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutanxiety?A.Itisaninvitationtodiseases.B.Itindicatesstablementalhealth.C.Itcostsusmanyvaluablechances.D.Itisanaturalemotionalexpression.2．Whydoestheauthormention"goodworkout"inparagraph2?A.Toprovehowexerciseinfluencesemotions.B.Tosuggestaneffectivewaytochallengelimits.C.Toexplainhowanxietybuildsemotionalstrength.D.Toshowapositiveconnectionbetweenmindandbody.3．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thekeytoclosenessispartners'support.B.Sharinganxietiesimprovesrelationships.C.Humansaredefinedbytheirsocialnature.D.Expressingfeelingskeepsusoffanxieties.4．Accordingtothelastparagraph,howcanwedealwithstress?A.Devotemoreenergytoourwork. B.Increaseresourcesavailabletous.C.Seekprofessionalmedicaltreatment. D.Masteradvancedmathematicalskills.

答案以及解析一、1．答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.(如果他看起来有点防御,那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他的不同寻常的方法。)可知同事们认为他有些古怪,故选A。2．答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.(20年前,当他背部疼痛难忍时,他开始对替代疗法感兴趣。他尝试了放松肌肉的药物,但收效甚微。然后,他尝试了针灸,这是一种古老的中国做法,他惊讶地发现,经过两三次治疗后,他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人有效。因此,在研究了这些技术几年后,他开始将其提供给宠物。)可知,Farber自己作为病人从针灸上获益后,他决定在宠物身上尝试针灸。故选C。3．答案：D解析：段落大意题。根据第三段LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,"movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably"afterachiropracticadjustment.(LeighTindale的狗Charlie患有严重的心脏病。Tindale说,Charlie心脏病发作后,她准备让他入睡,但Farber的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦,她能够让它再活五个月。PriscillaDewing报告说,她的马Nappy在脊椎按摩调整后"移动更容易,骑行更舒适"。)可知本段主要介绍了整体医学的效果。故选D。4．答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:(Farber确信,随着时间的推移,整体方法将越来越受欢迎,如果过去有任何迹象表明,他可能是对的:)可知,Farber认为全面医学会随着时间推移,越来越受欢迎。Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.(自1982年以来,美国整体兽医协会的会员人数已从30人增加到700多人。)可知,作者提到美国整体兽医协会是为了证明Farber的观点。故选A。二、1．答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“ThenightbeforeNik'sdeath,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo.(在尼克去世的前一晚，他请求他的母亲帮助确保那些与癌症作斗争的年轻人也能实现他们的愿望。”可知，尼克在去世前夜请求他的母亲帮助那些正在与癌症斗争的年轻成年人实现他们的愿望即帮助年轻的癌症患者实现他们的愿望。故选C。2．答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Hediedin2012.ButNik'skindnessandgenerosityhavelivedonlongafterhisdeath.(他于2012年去世。但尼克的善良和慷慨在他死后依然存在。)”可知，虽然尼克去世了，可是尼克的善良和慷慨在他去世后仍然延续，这表明他是一个慷慨和关心他人的人。故选3．答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“In2012.KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.(2012年，KelliBoehle创力Nik’sWish。这家非营利组织向年龄在18到24岁之间与癌症作斗争的年轻人提供愿望。)”可知，在2012年，KelliBoehle开始了“Nik'sWish”，即2012年她设立了这个组织。故选C。4．答案：B解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，这篇文章讲述了尼克在2008年17岁时被诊断出患有癌症，并于2012年去世。尽管如此，尼克的善良和慷慨在他去世后仍然延续。尼克的母亲通过建立“Nik'sWish”慈善组织帮助其他的年轻患癌者。因此B选项“Awishmaker.(一个愿望实现者)”是一个合适的标题。故选B三、1．答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，全球约有1270万人因眼角膜受损而失明，但只有七十分之一的患者能有机会接受眼角膜移植。而且大多数人还生活在低收入和中等收入国家，在这些国家，获得治疗的途径非常有限。故选B。2．答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whiledonatedcorneasmustbeusedwithintwoweeks,thebioengineeredcorneascanbestoredforuptotwoyearsbeforeuse.”可知，捐赠的角膜必须在两周内使用，但是这种生物工程角膜可以在其使用前储存长达两年的时间。故选B项。3．答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，研究人员还开发了一种新手术方法，并且举例在一项试点研究中，20名参与者中有14人在术前是失明的，但在手术后，他们都重见光明了。其中，来自印度的三名参与者在手术后视力完全恢复了。由此可推知，这项新的手术方法是成功的。故选A项。4．答案：D解析：推理判断题。文章主要介绍了科研人员提取猪皮中的胶原蛋白，制成了人类角膜的替代品，并且还开发了一种新的治疗方法。由此可推知，文章的目的是展示医学领域的突破。故选D。四、1．答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Insideisthespinalcord,whichcarriesimportantinformationbetweentheheadandthelowerpartofthebody.（里面是脊髓，它在头部和身体下部之间传递重要信息。）”可知，脊髓的主要功能是传递重要信息，是一个信息载体。故选A项。2．答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Insideisthespinalcord,whichcarriesimportantinformationbetweentheheadandthelowerpartofthebody.Thisinformationmovesaroundasburstsofelectricitytravelingbetweenthebrainandtheotherpartsofthebody.Whenthespinalcordishurt,thispathwaygetsdamagedandtheycan’tmovetheirlegs.（里面是脊髓，它在头部和身体下部之间传递重要信息。这些信息作为电流在大脑和身体其他部位之间传播。当脊髓受伤时，这条通路就会受损，他们的腿就不能动了。）”以及第三段“Theresearchersmadesuretheelectrodeswerelinedupwithnervesthatcontrolthelegmuscles.Thescientistscontrolledtheimplantsfromatabletcomputer.（研究人员确保电极与控制腿部肌肉的神经对齐。科学家们通过平板电脑控制植入物。）”可知，脊髓受伤时，神经流受损导致他们的腿不能动，所以科学家植入特殊装置的预期用途是弥合受伤造成的神经间隙。故选D项。3．答案：B解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段“Instead,thetablettellstheimplanttosendthewalkingmessages.Theresearchersusedcomputerstogeneratepatternsofmovement,liketakingastep.Thepatientthenusesthetablettochoosethepatternandthemusclesmoveinthechosenway.（相反，平板电脑让植入物发送行走信息。研究人员使用计算机生成运动模式，比如迈出一步。然后，患者使用平板电脑选择模式，肌肉以选定的方式运动。）”可知，本段主要介绍了该设备如何在患者身上工作。故选B项。4．答案：C解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now,scientistshavegiventhreeparalyzedmentheabilitytowalkagain,thankstoanimplanteddevice.（现在，由于植入了一种设备，科学家们已经让三名瘫痪男子恢复了行走的能力。）”以及最后一段“Butthescientistsarehopefulthatinthefuture,thissortoftechnologywillallowmanyparalyzedpeopletobegintowalkagaininjusthours.（但科学家们希望，在未来，这种技术将允许许多瘫痪的人在短短几个小时内重新开始行走。）”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家通过植入特殊装置让瘫痪者恢复行走能力，所以“植入物帮助瘫患者再次行走”可以作为文章标题。故选C项。五、1．答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Inthesecondhalfofthe18thcentury,aBritishdoctornamedEdwardJennergavehisgardener’ssoncowpox(牛痘)andthendeliberatelyinfectedhimwithsmallpox(天花)totesthisassumptionthatpeoplewhowerefrequentlyexposedtocowpox,asimilarbutlessseverevir