2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit3TheworldofscienceDevelopingideas素养练习含解析外研版必修第三册

PAGE9-Unit3DevelopingideasⅠ.单句语法填空1.Thewomaninjured(injury)inthecarcrashisstillundertreatmentinhospital.2.Onlythendidherealizethesignificance(significant)ofprotectingwildanimals.3.Achemicalexperimentconducted(conduct)intheclassroomgreatlyinterestedallthepupils.4.Onreturninghome,shefoundanoteattached(attach)tothedoor,reading“Callinlater”.5.I’dliketomakeitclearthatIhadnothingtodowiththis.6.Ihavenoideawhatwecandowiththesewastematerialsinthefuture.7.Theflightwasputoffonaccountofbadweather,soIhadnochoicebuttowaitattheairport.8.Presently,aminority(minor)ofthestudentsatthisschoolcheatsduringexams.9.Morethanonestudenthaspassed(pass)theexaminationuptonow.

10Heisproudofhisabilitytorememberthingsaccurately(accurate).Ⅱ.完成句子1.Theteacher,alongwithallhisstudents,isgoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.

老师准备这个周末与全部学生一起去野餐。2.Anneraisedhervoiceinordertobeheard.

为了让他人能听得见,安妮提高了嗓门。3.Neitheryounorheknowstheanswer.

你和他都不知道答案。4.Shecameupwithanewsuggestiontosolvetheproblemaswell.

她也提出了一种解决这个问题的新建议。5.Ihavenoideawhyherefusedtodiscussthesethingsfurther.

我不知道他为什么拒绝进一步探讨这些事。6.Apartfromcaringforherchildren,shehastotakeonsomeheavytime-consuminghousework.

除了照看孩子,她还要担当一些耗费大量时间的家务。Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·济南高一检测)Everyyear,over7.72trillionkilogramsofplasticiswashedintotheoceans.Therearefivehugeareasintheworld’soceansthatarea“soup”offloatingrubbish.Oneoftheseareas,theGreatPacificGarbagePatch(GPGP),isthreetimesaslargeasFrance.Overayearago,agroupcalledOceanCleanupbeganusingahugefloatingscreentotrytocleanupplasticpollutionintheocean.Afterseveralfailures,thegroupisnowcollectingplasticintheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.Buttheplasticisspreadingoutoveralargearea,soit’simpossibletocollectitpiecebypiece.So,theOceanCleanuphadaplan.TheygotalongfloatingU-shapedtubewithascreenhangingbelowit.Asthetubeandscreenarepushedbythewaterandthewinds,theUismeanttocollectplasticrubbish,makingiteasyforashiptocollectandremovetheplastic.Thesystemusesthepowerofthewindandocean,soitdoesn’tneedfuel.Thegroupbegantestingthefirstversion,called“System001”,lastSeptember.Butitsoonbecameclearthatthescreenwasjustmovingwiththeplastic,notcollectingit.Sometimesplasticwouldwashoverthetopofthetube.Evenworse,System001gotbrokenbysurgingseasandhadtobetowedtoHawaiiforrepairs.ButMrSlat,whogottheideafortheOceanCleanupsystem,seestheprojectasanexperiment,whichmeansafailureisachancetolearn.Theteamcollectedandstudiedlotsofinformationaboutwhatworkedwellandwhatdidn’t.Thentheychangedthedesign.InJune,animprovedversion,called“System001/B”wastowedbacktotheGPGP.Thenewversionhasaparachute(着陆伞)attachedtoit.Thismakesthesystemmoveslightlyslowerthantheplastic,allowingtheplastictobecollectedinside,asplanned.ButthissuccessisstilljustthebeginningoftheworkoftheOceanCleanup.Theywantabetterandlargersystem.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了每年有大量塑料垃圾被冲入海洋并漂移在海面上,一个叫OceanCleanup的团队研制出了收集塑料垃圾的工具并不断地进行完善。1.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowinParagraph1?A.Humansshouldtrytopreventplasticwaste.B.TheGPGPisfacingdifferentkindsofpollution.C.Plasticpollutionintheoceanshasbecomeaseriousproblem.D.Aseriesofproblemshasbeencausedbyplasticpollution.【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据第一段可知每年有超过7.72万亿千克的塑料被冲进海洋。世界上有五个巨大的海洋区域是漂移垃圾的“汤”。其中的大太平洋垃圾带(GPGP)的面积是法国的三倍。由此可推知,在第一段中,作者通过列数字的方式是想表达海洋中的塑料污染已经成为一个严峻的问题。故选C。2.Whatwasthegroup’splan?A.Tomakeuseofthewaterandthewinds.B.Tocreateashiptocollectwasteintheoceans.C.Tocollectthefloatingplasticwastepiecebypiece.D.Togatherupthefloatingplasticwasteintheoceans.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据其次段可知一年多前,一个名为海洋清理的组织起先运用一个巨大的浮动屏来清理海洋中的塑料污染。经过几次失败后,该组织现在正在大太平洋垃圾带收集塑料。由此可知,这个团体的安排是收集海洋中漂移的塑料垃圾。故选D。3.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“System001”?A.Itwasafailure.B.Itwasagreatsuccess.C.Itworkedwithaparachute.D.Itneededtobefueledregularly.【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。依据第三段可知,这块屏只是随着塑料的移动而移动,而不能收集垃圾。有时塑料会从管子的顶部冲洗出来。更糟糕的是,System001被汹涌的海浪打破,不得不被拖到夏威夷进行修理,以及由第四段可知,产生海洋清理系统想法的Slat认为,这个项目是一个试验,也就是说,失败是一个学习的机会。由此可知,System001失败了。故选A。4.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph3?A.Vast.B.Rough.C.Calm.D.Peaceful.【解析】选B。词义揣测题。依据上文Evenworse,System001gotbroken(更糟糕的是,系统001被汹涌的海浪打破)可知,画线单词意思为“汹涌的,猛烈的”。故选B。BFoldablefuturehasarrivedTabletsarereallyusefuldevices,buttheirbigscreensalwaysmakethemasaburdentocarryaroundwithoutabag.Wouldn’titbegreatiftherewereaphonewiththepowersofatabletthatcouldbefoldedupandfitintothehand?Nowsomethinglikeatablet-shapedbutfoldablephoneisabouttoshowup.InFebruary,RepublicofKoreanelectronicscompanySamsungandChina’sHuaweibothproducedfoldablephones,TheGalaxyFoldandHuaweiMateX.Mobilephoneusehasenteredthe“foldablefuture”,TheVergesaid.Thetechnologycouldchangeourlivesinmeaningfulways.Thesedevices,becauseoftheirbendablescreens,giveusthelargerscreenswewant.Meanwhile,theystillfiteasilyintothepocket.Thetechnologycouldchangeotherdevicestoo.Forexample,wecouldmakeTVsthatsticktowallslikeposters,orfoldupeasilytohideawayindrawers.Incrowdedmoderncities,theywillhelpustomakefulluseofspace.Inaspeech,Samsung’sseniorvicepresidentofmobileproductmarketing,JustinDenison,calledthefoldablescreen“thebaseforthesmartphoneoftomorrow”.“It’sawhitepaperforustodosomethingbeautifultogether,”hesaid.AccordingtotechnewswebsiteAndroidAuthority,thenecessarypartsoffoldablephonesweredifficulttoproduce.In2012,nineoutofevery10OLEDscreensproducedwerenotperfect.Today,that10percentratehasbeenimprovedtobetween50and90percent.However,atpresentthesefoldabledevicesareexpensive.Forexample,thepriceofHuaweiMateXis17,500RMB.That’sapricethatfewpeoplewillbeabletoafford.Butifthefoldabledeviceisn’tgoingtochangetheworldovernight,thereisnodoubtthatitiscoming.PatrickMoorhead,anindustryanalysttoldTheVerge,“Fewaredebatingiffoldablemobilescreensarethefutureofsmartphones;theonlyquestioniswhenandbywhom.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了可折叠手机时代即将到来。5.WhatisthemainideaofParagraphs3and4?A.Possibleadvantagesofthefoldablescreens.B.Wheretheideaoffoldablescreenscamefrom.C.Popularfoldablescreendevicesonthemarket.D.People’swordsonthefoldablescreen.【解析】选A。段落大意题。由第三段第一句Thetechnologycouldchangeourlivesinmeaningfulways.(科技可以以有意义的方式变更我们的生活)和第四段第一句Thetechnologycouldchangeotherdevicestoo.(这项技术也可以变更其他设备)可知,三、四两段主要讲解并描述了可折叠屏幕可能存在的优点。故选A项。6.WhatcanwelearnfromDenison’swords?A.TheGalaxyFoldstillhasmanyproblems.B.Thefoldablescreenhasbrightfuture.C.Theproductionoffoldablephoneswillsoonincrease.D.Companiesneedtoworktogethertodevelopfoldablephones.【解析】选B。推理推断题。由第五段的Inaspeech...JustinDenison,calledthefoldablescreen“thebaseforthesmartphoneoftomorrow”.“It’sawhitepaperforustodosomethingbeautifultogether,”hesaid.(JustinDenison……在一次演讲中称,可折叠屏幕是“将来智能手机的基础”。“这是一份白皮书,让我们一起做一些美妙的事情,”他说。)可推断出,可折叠屏幕会有光明的将来。故选B项。7.WhichstatementisTRUEabouttheproblemoffoldablephonesnow?A.90percentoftheirscreensarenotperfect.B.Theirscreensaredifficulttoproduce.C.Theyaretooexpensiveformostfamilies.D.Theyarenotasusefulasthought.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。由倒数其次段的However,atpresentthesefoldabledevicesareexpensive.Forexample,thepriceofHuaweiMateXis17,500RMB.That’sapricethatfewpeoplewillbeabletoafford.(然而,目前这些可折叠装置价格昂贵。例如,华为MateX的价格是人民币17500元。这个价格很少有人能负担得起。)可知,可折叠产品价格昂贵,很少人负担得起。故选C项。8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofthefoldablescreen?A.Positive. B.Unconcerned.C.Worried. D.Cautious.【解析】选A。观点看法题。由最终一段第一句Butifthefoldabledeviceisn’tgoingtochangetheworldovernight,thereisnodoubtthatitiscoming.(但假如这个可折叠装置不会一夜之间变更世界,那也毫无疑问,总有一天这会到来)可知,作者对可折叠产品持有主动看法。故选A项。Ⅱ.阅读填句Americansspendalotofmoneyintheirdailylives.Workingpeoplespendmoneyontransportationtoandfromworkandonvariousexpensesthroughouttheday.Americansenjoyshoppingandbuymanythingsthattheyneedandwant.1Theybuysportsequipment,gotothemoviesanddomanythingsthatcostmoney.

However,manyAmericansdon’tpaycashorwritechecksforthesethings.2Creditcardsaresmall,rectangularplasticcards.Itisveryconvenienttocarrythemabout.

3Whenthecustomerbuyssomethingatastore,heshowshiscardatthestore.Thispermitsthestoretochargethebankforthecustomer’spurchase.Thebankcollectsallthechargesforeachcustomer.Thenonceamonththebankrequiresthecustomertopaythechargesforthatmonth.4Itallowsthecustomertopayforthechargesinseveralpaymentsoveraperiodoftime.

However,thebankrequiresthecustomertopayinterest(利息)ontheunpaidpartofthecharges.Inthiswaythebankallowscustomerstobuythingstheycannotaffordatonetime.Peoplecanusethecardtobuywhattheywantandpayforitoveraperiodoftime.5

A.Itbringsgreatbenefitstotherich.B.Banksgivethesecardstotheircustomers.C.Theyspendalotofmoneyonentertainment.D.Theyalsodonotneedtocarryalotofmoney.E.Peoplemayspendlessmoneyinthisway.F.MoreandmoreAmericanspayforthingswithcreditcards.G.Thebankdoesnotforcethecustomertopaythefullamount.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要叙述美国人喜爱购物且喜爱用信用卡支付,以及说明信用卡的特点。1.【解析】选C。依据后句Theybuysportsequipment,gotothemoviesanddomanythingsthatcostmoney.“他们买一些运动设备、去看电影和做很多花钱的事情。”可知,他们花很多钱在休闲消遣上面。故选C。2.【解析】选F。依据后句Creditcardsaresmall,rectangularplasticcards.对信用卡进行说明的提示可知,越来越多的美国人选择用信用卡付款。故选F。3.【解析】选B。依据后句Whenthecustomerbuyssomethingatastore,heshowshiscardatthestore.“当顾客在商店买东西的时候,他出示他的信用卡。”可知,银行首先把信用卡给客户符合语境。故选B。4.【解析】选G。依据前句Thenonceamonththebankrequiresthecustomertopaythechargesforthatmonth.和后句Itallowsthecustomertopayforthechargesinseveralpaymentsoveraperiodoftime.提示可知,银行并不强制客户全额付款,客户只要在一段时间内偿还全部金额即可。故选G。5.【解析】选D。依据前两句Inthiswaythebankallowscustomerstobuythingstheycannotaffordatonetime.Peoplecanusethecardtobuywhattheywantandpayforitoveraperiodoftime.可知,人们可以运用这种卡购买他们想要的东西,还可以在一段时间内渐渐支付,由此可知,D项“他们也不须要带大量的现金。”符合语境。故选D。阅读理解Theysaymusicisuniversal,anditseemstobetruesincewhereverwego,weseepeoplelistening,playingordancingtoit.Wetendtothinkthatmusicislargerthanourculturaldifferencesandshowsthedeeperconnectionsbetweenus.ButaccordingtoarecentstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,musicdoesn’tspeaktoeveryone.Thereisacondition,theresearchersargue,called“musicalanhedonia”.Theysaythatthosewhohavethisconditionlacktheabilitytoexperiencepleasurefrommusic.Forthestudy,30peoplelistenedtothesame,mostlyclassicalmusicpieces.Theywerethenaskedtocompleteaquestionnaireonhowtheyfeltaboutthemusic.Atthesametime,theresearchersmeasuredtheirheartrateandskinreaction,whichareconsideredphysiologicalmeasuresofemotion.Accordingtotheresearchers,mostofthepeopleinthestudygotpleasurefromthemusic.Theyhadaquickerheartbeatandsweatedmore.However,asmallnumberhadverylittleandevennopleasantfeelingwhiletheylistened.Thesepeoplehadnoneorveryfewofthephysicalsignstheothersinthestudyexperienced.Theresearcherssaythatthismeanspeoplehavedifferentabilitiestoenjoymusicandthat“therearepeoplewhospecificallycan’tenjoymusicatall”,studyauthorJosepMarco-PallresoftheUniversityofBarcelonainSpaintoldLiveScience.Tostudytheconditionfurther,anothergroupofscientists,atColumbiaUniversity,“Peoplewhogotlesspleasurefrommusichadlowerbloodflowtoareasinvolvedintherewardsystemofthebrainwhenlisteningtomusic,”reportedtheDailyMail.Thelowerbloodflowmakesitmorelikelythatthebrain’s“rewardsystem”willnotbeactive.Thus,itwillproducelessofthe“pleasurechemical”dopamine.Asaresult,peoplegetlesspleasurefrommusic.Iftheresearchiscorrect,accordingtoNationalPublicRadio,therearesimplypeoplewhojustdon’tgetmusic.Theymaygetpleasurefrommanythings,butagoodsongisn’toneofthem.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了一项探讨显示音乐快感缺失的人不能从音乐中体会快感,并介绍了探讨缘由和过程。1