电子通信技术专用英语Advanced Electronic Technology-Inter of Things

电子与通信技术专业英语高职高专电子信息类"十三五"规划EnglishonElectronicandTelemunicationTechnology零四UnitⅣAdvancedElectronicTechnologyLesson一九InterofThings

UnitⅣNewWordsSensor ['sensə] n. 传感器Facilitate [fə'siliteit] vt. 使容易,促,帮助Identification [ai,dentifi'keiʃn] n. 认出,识别Illegal [i'li:gl] adj. 不合法地,非法地Storage ['stɔ:ridʒ] n. 存储,存储器Alarm [ə'la:m] vt.&n. 警告;报警器NewWordsbill [bil] n. 账单,目录transponder [træns'pɔndə] n. 应答器approaching [ə'prəutʃiŋ] vt. 接近,靠近expert ['ekspə:t] n. 专家,能手energy-efficient 能效高地,高能效地interact [,intər'ækt] v. 互NewWordstackle ['tækl] vt. 拦截embrace [im'breis] v. 拥抱,包括spark [spɑ:k] vt. 发动,触发aggregate ['æɡriɡət,'æɡriɡeit] vt. 使聚集,使积聚,总计达PhrasesandExpressionsInterofThings 物联网sensorwork 传感网mobilemunicationwork 移动通信网络producttagged 产品标签automatictelephonealarm 自动电话报警radiofrequencyidentification 射频识别 InterofThings（IoT）,alsoknownasthesensorwork,referstoavarietyofinformationsensingdevicesandtheInterbinetoformahugework,willenablealloftheitemsandworkconnectionstofacilitatetheidentificationandmanagement.

Becauseofitsprehensivesense,reliabledelivery,intelligentprocessingfeatures,itiseveryonethatisthesecondputer,theInter,mobilemunicationworkagainafterthewaveoftheinformationindustry.Lesson一九InterofThingsChineseTranslationofTexts物联网又名传感网,是指将各种信息传感设备与互联网结合起来而形成地一个巨大网络,可使所有地物品与网络连接,方便识别与管理。因其具有全面感知,可靠传递,智能处理地特点,它被众认为是继计算机,互联网,移动通信网之后地又一次信息产业浪潮。第一九课物联网ChineseTranslationofTextsTouchofabuttonontheputerorcellphone,eventhousandsofmilesaway,youcanlearnthestatusofanitem,aperson'sactivities.

Sendatextmessage,youcanturnonthefan;iftheillegalinvasionofyourhome,youwillreceiveautomatictelephonealarm.

Thisintelligentscene,isnotonlytheHollywoodsci-fiblockbusterssituation,andthingsaregraduallyapproachingourlives.ChineseTranslationofTexts轻触一下电脑或者手机地按钮,即使千里之外,妳也能了解到某件物品地状况,某个地活动情况。发一个短信,妳就能打开风扇;如果有非法入侵妳地住宅,妳还会收到自动电话报警。如此智能地场景,已不是好莱坞科幻大片才有地情形了,物联网正在步步逼近我们地生活。ChineseTranslationofTextsAchieveallthisisbecausethe"things"thereisakeytechnologyforinformationstorageobjectcalledradiofrequencyidentification(RFID).

AnRFIDsystemconsistsofthreeponents（asshowninFig.一九-一）:anantennatransceiver(oftenbinedintoonereader)andatransponder(thetag).Theantennaemitsradiosignalstoactivatethetagandtoreadandwritedatatoit.Whenactivated,thetagtransmitsdatabacktotheantenna.ChineseTranslationofTexts实现这所有是因为"物联网"里有一个存储物体信息地关键技术叫射频识别(RFID)。RFID系统由三部分组成（如图一九－一所示）:天线与收发器（通常集成在一个读入器里）与应答器（标签）。天线发出无线电信号激活标签与读写数据。标签传输地数据可能提供识别或定位信息,或者是有关产品标签地信息,如价格,颜色,购买日期等。ChineseTranslationofTextsThedatatransmittedbythetagmayprovideidentificationorlocationinformation,orspecificsabouttheproducttagged,suchasprice,color,dateofpurchase,etc.Low-frequencyRFIDsystems(三零KHzto五零零KHz)haveshorttransmissionranges(generallylessthansixfeet).High-frequencyRFIDsystems(八五零MHzto九五零MHzand二.四GHzto二.五GHz)offerlongertransmissionranges(morethan九零feet).Ingeneral,thehigherthefrequency,themoreexpensivethesystem.ChineseTranslationofTexts低频RFID系统（三零kHz至五零零kHz）地传输距离短（一般小于六英尺）。高频射频识别系统（八五零兆赫至九五零兆赫与二.四GHz至二.五GHz）地传输距离更长（超过九零英尺）。通常,频率越高,系统地价格越昂贵。ChineseTranslationofTextsForexample,inmobilephones,embeddedRFID-SIMcard,yourphone"informationsensingdevice"canbeconnectedwiththemobilework,thisphonecannotonlyconfirmtheuser'sidentity,butalsotopayforthecost,visitsbyappointment,forqueryand

paythephonebill,waterchargestopaygas,lottery,airlineticketsandotherpaymentservices.ChineseTranslationofTexts比如在手机里嵌入RFID-SIM卡,手机内地"信息传感设备"就能与移动网络相连,这种手机,不仅可以确认使用者地身份,还能行费用支付,预约参观,实现查询及缴纳手机话费,水电燃气费缴纳,彩票投注,航空订票等多种支付服务。ChineseTranslationofTextsAslongasanobjectembeddedinaspecificradiofrequencytags,sensorsandotherdevicesconnectedtotheInter,willbeabletoformalargeworksystems,inthisline,eventhousandsofmilesaway,peoplecaneasilylearnandcontroloftheobjectinformation（asshowninFig.一九-二）.ChineseTranslationofTexts只要将特定物体嵌入射频标签,传感器等设备,与互联网相连后,就能形成一个庞大地联网系统,在这个网上,即使远在千里之外,们也能轻松获知与掌控物体地信息（如图一九－二所示）。ChineseTranslationofTextsTospeakmoreconcretely,let'simagineaworldinwhichalargenumberofthingsthatsurroundusare"autonomous",becausetheyhave:ChineseTranslationofTexts更具体地讲,让我们想象一个世界,大量地事物"自动"地围绕着我们,因为它们有:ChineseTranslationofTextsaname:atagwithauniquecode,amemory:tostoreeverythingthattheycannotobtainimmediatelyfromthe,ameansofmunication:mobileandenergy-efficient,ifpossible,sensors:inordertointeractwiththeirenvironment,acquiredorinnatebehaviors:toactaccordingtoalogic,anobjectivegivenbyitsowner.And,ofcourse,likeeverythingelseonEarth,thesethingsmusthaveanelectronicexistenceonthework.ChineseTranslationofTexts一个名字:标签与一个独特地代码,存储器:存储那些不能立即从网上获得地任何东西,一种通信方式:移动地与高能效地,如果可能地话,传感器:为了与环境互,获取或自然地行为:由自身给出地符合逻辑地客观行动。当然,像地球上地其它事物一样,这些事情都需要有一个网络上地电子存在。ChineseTranslationofTextsSomeexpertspredictthat一零yearsthingsmaybealarge-scalepopularitytobeeatrillion-scalehigh-techmarket.

Then,atthepersonalhealth,trafficcontrol,environmentalprotection,publicsafety,peaceathome,smartfire,industrialmonitoring,elderlycareinalmostallareas,thingswillplayarole.

Someexpertssaidthatonlythreetofiveyears’time,thingswillbefullaccesstopeople'slives,changepeople'swayoflife.ChineseTranslationofTextsChineseTranslationofTexts有专家预测一零年内物联网就可能大规模普及,发展成为上万亿规模地高科技市场。届时,在个健康,通控制,环境保护,公安全,安家居,智能消防,工业监测,老护理等几乎所有领域,物联网都将发挥作用。有专家表示,只需三到五年时间,物联网就会全面入们地生活,改变们地生活方式。TheInterofThingshasgreatpromise,yetbusiness,policy,andtechnicalchallengesmustbetackledbeforethesesystemsarewidelyembraced.Earlyadopterswillneedtoprovethatthenewsensordrivenbusinessmodelscreatesuperiorvalue.Industrygroupsandgovernmentregulatorsshouldstudyrulesondataprivacyanddatasecurity,particularlyforusesthattouchonsensitiveconsumerinformation.ChineseTranslationofTextsChineseTranslationofTexts互联网有很大地前途,但这个系统被广泛接受之前,业务,政策,与技术地挑战需要解决。早期应用者需证明,这种新地传感器驱动地商业模式,能够创造卓越地价值。行业组织与政府监管机构应该学数据隐私与数据安全地规则,特别是在使用那些接触到地敏感地消费者信息时。Onthetechnologyside,thecostofsensorsandactuatorsmustfalltolevelsthatwillsparkwidespreaduse.workingtechnologiesandthestandardsthatsupportthemmustevolvetothepointwheredatacanflowfreelyamongsensors,puters,andactuators.Softwaretoaggregateandanalyzedata,aswellasgraphicdisplaytechniques,mustimprovetothepointwherehugevolumesofdatacanbeabsorbedbyhuman.ChineseTranslationofTextsChineseTranslationofTexts在技术方面,传感器与驱动器地成本需要下降至某个水才能实现广泛地使用。网络技术与标准,需要支持数据可以在传感器,计算机,与驱动器之间自由流动。收集与分析数据地软件,以及图形显示技术,需要提高到这样一种地步,大量地数据可以被们接收。NotesLow-frequencyRFIDsystems(三零kHzto五零零kHz)haveshorttransmissionranges(generallylessthansixfeet).High-frequencyRFIDsystems(八五零MHzto九五零MHzand二.四GHzto二.五GHz)offerlongertransmissionranges(morethan九零feet).低频RFID系统（三零kHz至五零零kHz）地传输距离短（一般小于六英尺）。高频RFID系统（八五零MHz至九五零MHz与二.四GHz至二.五GHz）地传输距离更长（超过九零英尺）。RFID:是RadioFrequencyIdentification地缩写,即射频识别。RFID是一种非接触式地自动识别技术,它通过射频信号自动识别目地对象并获取有关数据,识别工作无须工干预,可工作于各种恶劣环境。一NotesForexample,inmobilephones,embeddedRFID-SIMcard,yourphone"informationsensingdevice"can,beconnectedwiththemobileworkRFID-SIMcard.例如,在手机里嵌入RFID-SIM卡,手机内地"信息传感设备"就能与移动网络相连。SIMcard:SIM卡是SubscriberIdentityModel（客户识别模块）地缩写,也称为智能卡,用户身份识别卡,GSM数字移动电话机需要装上此卡方能使用。二NotesForexample,inmobilephones,embeddedRFID-SIMcard,yourphone"informationsensingdevice"can,beconnectedwiththemobileworkRFID-SIMcard.RFID-SIMcard:RFID-SIM卡地外形尺寸与传统地标准SIM卡完全一致,基于二.四GHz频段,是一种可实现近//远距离无线通信功能地手机智能卡,通信距离为一零～五零零,单向支持一零零m（数据广播）。RFID-SIM卡属于CPU卡地一种,卡内具备COS（微型操作系统）,区别于逻辑加密卡,具备极高级别地安全管理措施,同时可通过手机读写卡内个化数据。二Exercises一.WriteT(True)orF(False)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.a.Low-frequencyRFIDsystemshaveshorttransmissionranges.b.Ingeneral,thelowerthefrequency,themoreexpensivethesystem.c.High-frequencyRFIDsystemsoffershorttransmissionranges.d.Whenactivated,theantennatransmitsdatabacktothetag.Exercises一.WriteT(True)orF(False)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.a.Low-frequencyRFIDsystemshaveshorttransmissionranges.b.Ingeneral,thelowerthefrequency,themoreexpensivethesystem.c.High-frequencyRFIDsystemsoffershorttransmissionranges.d.Whenactivated,theantennatransmitsdatabacktothetag.TFFFExercises二.Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.a.AnRFIDsystemconsistsofthreeponents:,and.b.Thedatatransmittedbythetagmayprovideor,orspecificsabouttheproducttagged,suchasprice,dateofpurchase,etc.c.workingtechnologiesandthestandardsthatsupportthemmustevolvetothepointwheredatacansensors,puters,andactuators.d.ontheputerorcellphone,eventhousandsofmilesaway,youcanlearnthestatusofanitem,.Exercises二.Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.a.AnRFIDsystemconsistsofthreeponents:anantenna,transceiverandatransponder.b.Thedatatransmittedbythetagmayprovideidentificationorlocationinformation,orspecificsabouttheproducttagged,suchasprice,dateofpurchase,etc.c.workingtechnologiesandthestandardsthatsupportthemmustevolvetothepointwheredatacanflowfreelyamongsensors,puters,andactuators.d.Touchofabuttonontheputerorcellphone,eventhousandsofmilesaway,youcanlearnthestatusofanitem,aperson’sactivities.Exercises三.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.InterofThings(IoT