重庆市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）

重庆市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解DanceClassesBalletStudentswillfocusontheuseofproperballetitems,learningmoreknowledgeofballettechniquesandimprovingskillsforclassicalballetpractice.Theclassisaformalballetclass.Age8-10September7,2019-May16,202010:30am-12:00amonSaturdayCreativeMoversStudentscanexplorecreativemovement,balance,andthedevelopmentofskills.Theclasshelpsbuildstrength,flexibilityandself-confidence,andallowschildrentorealizeexpressioninapositiveandencouragingenvironment.Childrenusetheirimaginationtocelebratemovementandhavelotsoffun.Age3-5September7,2019-January18,20209:00am-9:45amonSaturdayJazzJazzincludesmovementsfrombothclassicalballetanddancetechniques.Thisclasswillfocusontraditionaljazzdance.Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylemovements.Weinviteallstudentstoparticipateinasample(示例)class.Studentsandparentsworkwithprogramstafftomeetstudents'personaldancegoals.Age5-6September72019-May16.20202:00pm-3:00pmonSaturdayHipHopStudentswillbeintroducedtoseveraldifferentaspectsofhiphopdanceincludingpopping,locking,breakingandtuttinginahigh-energyenvironment.Ourhiphopteachersarehighlyknowledgeableandwillprovidestudentswithawonderfulviewofhiphopdance.Age7-10September7,2019-May16,20201:00pm-2:00pmonSunday1．Whichclassissuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?A．Ballet. B．CreativeMovers.C．Jazz. D．HipHop.2．Whatcanstudentsdointhejazzclass?A．Gettoknowjazz-stylemovements.B．Learnthelonghistoryofjazz.C．Dancewithfamousmodernjazzdancers.D．Makeuseofalltheballetitems.3．Whatisspecialaboutthehiphopclass?A．Itisopenintheafternoon. B．Itteachestraditionaldances.C．ItisavailableonSunday. D．Ithasthemostskilledteachers.阅读理解Amy,aseniordesignmanageratLego,nowrunsateamof10designersatLego'sheadquartersinDenmark.Thecompanyhasbeenoneoftheworld'smostpopulartoy-makersandlastyearsawitsfastestsalesgrowthinfiveyears.The"dreamjob"inDenmarkledtotheopportunitytobeajudgeonaTVshowintheUS.AsachildgrowingupinavillagenearGlasgow,sheneverdreamedofbeingafashiondesigneroratoydesigner.ShewasnotaLegofanasachild."IplayedwithLegowithmybrotherwhenwewerekids,"shesaid."Whenwewerereallylittle,wehadthebigboxofbricks(积木).ButasIgotalittlebitolder,ILego.Ifelttherewasn'tanythinginterestingforme.""Itwasn'tuntilIjoinedthecompanythatIreallygotbackintoit.ButwetakethatintoaccountandthinkhowwecancreateLegoexperiencesforkids,adults,andeveryoneovertheworld,sothateveryonecanfindsomethingthatisrelatedtothem.EverytimeIgotaproject,Iwouldalwayschangeittosomethingfun,playfulandcreative.Ialwayslovedbeingcreativeandalsoreallylovedmaths."AndheradvicetonewLegodesignerswastogetbuilding."Creativityisthekeyandbeinghands-onwiththebricks,"shesaid."Wheneveryoucangetideasout,justdoit.Wheneveryoucangetyourhandsonthebricks,build,build,build.""Andifyouarepickingyoureducation,Ithinkcertainlypicksomethingthatisbasedondesign.Themorecreative,thebetterandweareopentoeveryone."4．WhatdoweknowaboutAmy?A．Sheisajudgeinacourt. B．Sheisaseniorsalesmanager.C．ShehasdoneagreatjobatLego. D．Sheusedtobeafashiondesigner.5．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"felloutof"inParagraph3mean?A．Gaveup. B．Gotinto. C．Turnedout. D．Wentfor.6．WhatcanbeinferredfromAmy'sadvicetothenewdesigners?A．Themorecreative,thebetter.B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Thekeytosuccessispreparation.D．Bothactionandcreativityareimportant.7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAmyasadesigner?A．Average. B．Experienced. C．Negative. D．Reasonable.阅读理解Somalia,Kenya,andnowEthiopiaarewarningofaseriousdrought(干旱)thataffectsmillionsofpeopleinEasternAfrica.InEthiopia'sSomaliarea,peoplehaveseenthefailuresofwhatshouldhavebeenthreestraightrainyseasons.Droughtsdocomeandgoovertheyears.However,thelackofrainfallhasledtothedriestconditionsin40yearsinpartsofSomaliaandEthiopia.UNICEFistheUnitedNation'schildren'sagency.LocalZaynabWalitoldavisitingteamwithUNICEFthatsheandhersevenchildrenhadneverseenadroughtlikethis.Shesaidthegovernmentgaveoutfoodforanimalsduringthelastdroughtfiveyearsago."Thistime,weevendon'thaveenoughfoodforourfamily."Childrenwalkamongthebodiesofdeadanimals,whichdiedfromlackoffoodandenergy.SomaliaConsortiumworkstoimproveinternationalaidforSomalia.ItsaidinaseparatestatementthatinSomalia,morethan7millionpeopleneedemergencyhelp.Itisaskinginternationalorganizationstogivemuchmoretothecountry."Wearejustonemonthintothelongdryseason,andIhavealreadylost25goatsandsheep,"HafsaBedelinEthiopia'sSomaliareatoldUNICEF.Shealsolostfourcamels,alargedesertanimal,aswell.Shesaidtherewasnowhereforheranimalstoeat.Sheaddedthattherewasnotenoughfoodforherownfamily,includinghersixchildren.UNICEFthinksthatmorethan150,000childreninsuchareasofEthiopiahavedroppedoutofschool.Theyareneededtohelpfindthelimitedamountofwaterandhelptheirfamilieswithotherwork.Oneyoungboywasseensupportingananimal,adonkey.Thedonkeywasonceimportantforcarryinggoods.Butnow,ithadbecometooweaktowalkonitsown.8．WhydidZaynabWalimentionthelastdrought?A．Toshowtheneedtoprotectanimals.B．Toexpressherdisappointmentthistime.C．Toprovethehighfrequencyofdrought.D．Topraisethegovernmentforitstimelyhelp.9．WhatisSomaliaConsortiumtryingtodonow?A．Getmoreforeignhelp.B．Warnpeopleoftheriskofdrought.C．Offermoreeducationtothechildrenthere.D．Makeclearthenumberofpeopleinneed.10．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlywanttotellus?A．Thesweetpictureoftheboyandtheanimal.B．Thefunctionsofanimalsinfarming.C．Theimportanceoftakingcareoftheweakanimal.D．Theseriousnessofthedrought.11．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．DroughtinEasternAfricaLeavesAnimalsinDangerB．DroughtMakesPeopleofEasternAfricaLeaveTheirHomeC．UNOfficialsCareforChildrenAffectedbyDroughtD．MillionsFaceRiskasDroughtAffectsEasternAfrica阅读理解WhenyouvisitKinderdijk,oneofthemostvisitedvillagesintheNetherlands,yousteprightintothemiddleofDutchhistory.KinderdijkliesintheAlblasserwaard,wheretheLekandNoordriversmeettogether.Muchofthevillageisnearorevenbelowsealevel.Althoughtherearecanalsanddykes(堤坝),thelowlandsofthevillagearestillatriskofflooding(洪灾).AmongthemostdeadlyfloodswasSaintElisabeth'sfloodin1421,whichkilledthousandsafterthedykesbrokeinseveralplaces.Todealwiththiskindofproblem,theKinderdijkwindmills(风车)werebuiltaround1740tomovewaterfromthelowerareastohighergroundandintotheriver.Nineteenofthe20KinderdijkwindmillsremainandwerenamedaUNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)Sitein1997.Ofthe19windmills,16stillhavemillerswholiveinsideandcontrolthehugesails(翼板)inthewind.ThesewindmillscontinuetohelpmanagetheNetherlandsongoingfighttostayabovewater.Fortourists,boattoursareofferedalongthecanalsandwalkwaysleadfromthevisitorcentertothewindmills.Twowindmillsserveasmuseums,filledwitholdmillers'itemsandphotos.Youcanclimbupinsidetoseehowthewindmillswork.Thewindmillsalsoareworking,sobepreparedtofeelthewholebuildingshakewhenthesailsturninthewind.Eachyear,about500,000peoplevisittheKinderdijkwindmillsandthebuildingshavebecomeamust-seeonanytriptotheNetherlands.TherearesomewindmillsnorthofAmsterdamthat"werebuiltfortourists,butwe'reahistoricalsitewheretouristscome,soit'stheotherwayaround,"saysKinderdijkcommunicationsmanagerPeterPaulKlapwijk."Tourismisagoodwaytosupportoursite."12．WhyweretheKinderdijkwindmillsbuiltaround1740?A．Toprotectdykes. B．Toproducecleanwater.C．Topreventfloods. D．Tokeepthesealevelfromrising.13．WhatcanwelearnaboutKinderdijkwindmills?A．Mostofthemareworkingasbefore.B．Mostofthemhavebecomemuseums.C．Severalofthemhavebeensoldtomillers.D．Severalofthemweredestroyedlongago.14．HowdoesPeterPaulKlapwijkfeelaboutsomanytouristsvisitingthewindmills?A．Fearful. B．Worried. C．Excited. D．Surprised.15．Whatdoesthetextmainlyintroduce?A．ThehistoryofKinderdijk B．AfamoushistoricalsiteC．Anamazingvillageofcanals D．ThetraditionsoftheNetherlands二、任务型阅读（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Truefriendsarehardtofind.16．.Onlythenwillwehaveavaluablefriendship.17．.Throughgoodtimesorbadtimes,theywillstandbyyourside.Theywillnotleaveyoualonewhenthingsgetdifficult.Theywillacceptyouwithouttryingtochangeyou.Theywillbringnewandexcitingthingsintoyourlifeandmakeitricher.Truefriendswillkeepyoursecretsasyouwillkeeptheirs.Theywillbehonestandyoucanalwaysbelieveinthem.18．,youdon'thavetoworryaboutwhatyoumaysaywrong.Wecanenjoythisfreedomonlywithfriends.Friendshipisatwo-waystreet.Tofindatruefriendyoumustbeatruefriendaswell.19．andsharethegoodtimeswiththem.Offerthemthesamethingstheygivetoyou.Friendshipwillfallapartquicklyifonlyonepersonisgivingandputtingeffortintoit.Youwillfindthatthereisnothingmorevaluablethanhavingatruefriendbyyoursidetosharelifewith.Justassomeoneputsit"20．".Ifyouwanttohavesomesincerefriends,Youmusttreatotherssincerely.Thatisthebesttips.A.BethereforyourfriendswhentheyareinneedB.WenevermakefriendsC.WeshouldfindthembyheartD.FriendsalwaysarguewithyouE.AtruefriendissomeonewhowillalwaysbethereforyouF.IfyoutalktosomeonewhoyoubelieveinG.Thereisnothingonthisearthmoretobeprizedthantruefriendship三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MyparentsandIneverreallysaweyetoeyeonanything.WhenIwasyoungitwasjustthe21．stuff—thelengthofmyskirtorthemoviesIwantedtowatch.22．,asIgotolder,Ifoundthattherewasalotmorethatwedidn't23．—mychoiceoffriendsorwhatIwantedtostudyatuniversity.Iwenttouniversityinanothercityat17.24．homehastotallybroadenedmyoutlook(看法)ontheworldandhaschangedmyopinionsonlotsof25．.I'veencounteredmanyamazingpeoplewithdifferentexperiences.Mycircleoffriendsincludespeoplewith26．beliefs,values,culturesanddifferentwaysofapproachinglife.Butthegreatthingisthatwerespecteachother's27．.I'velearnttoquestionwhatI'vebeentaughtandnotalwaysagreejustbecausethatiswhat"everybodyelse"28．.WhenIwenthometovisitmyparentsthefirstcoupleoftimes,Ifounditreallyhardto29．.Ifoundithardtodealwithnotbeingableto30．myopinionsasfreelyasIdidwhenIwasawayfromhome.Itwasreallyupsetting.Iusedtogetangrythatmyparentsweren'tin31．ofmyopinions.Now,Igraduallyrealizethat32．IwantmyparentstorespectwhatIsay,Ihaveto33．theirviews.Whileitis34．,onceImakeanefforttorespecttheirvalues,itisnota35．togetalongwithmyparents.21．A．major B．useful C．simple D．actual22．A．Otherwise B．However C．Besides D．Thus23．A．agreeon B．focuson C．workon D．relyon24．A．Reaching B．Visiting C．Missing D．Leaving25．A．decisions B．issues C．challenges D．experiences26．A．secondary B．practical C．diverse D．normal27．A．interests B．feelings C．attitudes D．viewpoints28．A．argues B．considers C．exchanges D．battles29．A．remove B．propose C．handle D．complain30．A．voice B．control C．tell D．review31．A．face B．support C．need D．honor32．A．unless B．after C．if D．although33．A．welcome B．protect C．acquire D．develop34．A．unfortunate B．alarming C．frightening D．tough35．A．tension B．shock C．breakdown D．struggle四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Iwaswalkingintooneofmyfavoritelunchspotstoday36．ahomelessmanaskedmeifIwouldgethimasandwich.Itoldhimsureandaskedwhathewouldlike.Iwentinsideandorderedbothofour37．(lunch).Hecameinand38．(sit)atatablewhilewewaited.Thewomanbehindthecounterlookedhimfunny,perhaps39．(think)heshouldn'tbeinthere.Iwalkedbackoverandtalkedwithhimsosheknewhewas40．payingcustomer.HeisaNativeAmericanfromFlagstaff,abouttwohoursaway41．car.Wehadaniceconversationaboutsomeofthechallengeshehadfacedas42．asalloftheeventsgoingonintheworldthesedays.Itwasnice43．(see)himsmileasheopenedhissandwichandsoda.Hethankedmeformytreat44．(grateful).Ismiledhopingthiswouldmake45．(he)dayalittlebrightertoday.五、写作（共两节，满分40分）46．在你校网络安全月即将到来之际，校英文报正在征集相关稿件。请你就网络安全话题投稿，具体内容包括：1）网络安全的重要性；2）安全上网的具体建议；3）号召大家重视网络安全。注意1）词数80左右；2）题目已给出,不计入总词数。StayingSafeontheInternet47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mrs.Palinspokeasshewalkedtothefrontoftheclassroom,"NextWednesday,I'llgiveyouatesttocheckyourabilityasaconductor.Now,selectoneofthecomposerslistedontheblackboard.Andafterclass,findatapecontainingthecompositioncreatedbythecomposer.Duringthetest,usethetapeplayertoplaythecomposition.Whenthemusicstarts,imagineyouaretheconductorofanorchestra(管弦乐队)thatperformsthecomposer'smusic."Andthenshesmiled,"You'llreceivethetestinfrontofyourclassmates.""What?Atestinfrontoftheclassmates?Itwillkillme,"Isaidtomyself.AlthoughnormallyIperformwellinmusic,andoftenhavehighmarks,Iamquiteashygirl.Afterashortwhile,Itookadeepbreathandlookedthroughthelistofnamesontheblackboard.Onenamecaughtmyattention."Who'sthatperson?"Iwondered.Ididn'tknow,butthatwasgoingtobemychoice.Seatedintheclassroom,Ifixedmyeyesonthatnameanxiously,hopingnoonewouldannouncethatname.Finally,itwasmyturn.Isaidwithoutasecondthought,"JohannesBrahms."OnceIsaidthename,panicwashedoverme.Isighed,"HowamIgoingtodothis?Iknownothingaboutthepersonandhiscomposition.ButIhavetoperforminfrontofmyclassmatesandteacher."Laterintheday,IwenttoastoreandboughtatapethatcontainedJohannesBrahms'scompositionsanditsrelevantmusicnotation(符号).Backhome,Iplayedthetape,andtriedtogetfamiliarwiththecomposition.Whenlisteningtothecompositionandlookingatthemusicscore,Iheldastickandmovedmyarmstoandfro(来回地),pretendingtobeguidinganorchestra.Duringthefollowingdays,Ikeptpracticingbutdidn'tperformquitewell.Thecompositionwasindeedhardforme.Whenthebigdaycame,IfeltnervousasIslippedintomyseatandwaitedformyturntoperform.Eventually,Mrs.Palincalledmyname,"Jill,it'syourturn."Paragraph1:Then,Iforcedmyselftowalktothefrontoftheclassroom.……Paragraph2:Thenextday,Mrs.Palinhandedeachstudentapieceofpaperwithascore.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几门舞蹈课。这些课程适合不同年龄段的孩子。孩子们可以根据自己的喜好选择自己喜欢的课程。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据CreativeMovers部分中的“Age3-5”年龄在3到5岁之间，可知，CreativeMovers这门课适合3到5岁之间的孩子，所以，四岁的孩子适合学习这门课。故选B。2．考查细节理解。根据Jazz部分中的“Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.”学生们将会被介绍爵士风格的节奏和动作。可知，学生们在Jazz课中可以了解爵士风格的舞蹈动作。故选A。3．考查细节理解。根据Ballet部分中的“10:30am-12:00amonSaturday”；CreativeMovers部分中的“9:00am-9:45amonSaturday”；Jazz部分中的“2:00pm-3:00pmonSaturday”；以及HipPop部分中的“1:00pm-2:00pmonSunday”可知Ballet、CreativeMovers和Jazz这三门舞蹈课都是在星期六上课，而HipHop课是在星期天上课，这就是它特殊的地方。故选C。【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了了乐高的高级设计经理艾米与乐高的故事。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Amy,aseniordesignmanageratLego,nowrunsateamof10designersatLego'sheadquartersinDenmark.”艾米是乐高的高级设计经理，现在在丹麦的乐高总部管理着一个由10名设计师组成的团队。可知，她在乐高做得很好。故选C。5．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Whenwewerereallylittle,wehadthebigboxofbricks(积木).ButasIgotalittlebitolder,IfelloutofLego.Ifelttherewasn'tanythinginterestingforme.”当我们真的很小的时候，我们有一大盒积木。但当我长大一点时，我felloutof乐高玩具。我觉得对我来说没有什么有趣的事情。可知，对于艾米来说不论是积木还是乐高都不能引起她的兴趣，所以艾米在孩童时代对乐高没有兴趣，可得出她放弃了乐高，可推知划线词felloutof与giveup为同义词。故选A。6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Creativityisthekeyandbeinghands-onwiththebricks,'shesaid.‘Wheneveryoucangetideasout,justdoit.Wheneveryoucangetyourhandsonthebricks,build,build,build.'”她说：“创造力是关键，要亲自动手。”“只要你能想到点子，就去做。只要你能拿到积木，就盖，盖，盖。”可知，此处艾米强调对于新的设计者，实际行动和创造力都很重要。故选D。7．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Amy,aseniordesignmanageratLego,nowrunsateamof10designersatLego'sheadquartersinDenmark.Thecompanyhasbeenoneoftheworld'smostpopulartoy-makersandlastyearsawitsfastestsalesgrowthinfiveyears.”艾米是乐高的高级设计经理，现在在丹麦的乐高总部管理着一个由10名设计师组成的团队。该公司一直是世界上最受欢迎的玩具制造商之一，去年的销售额增长是五年来最快的；以及最后一段“Andifyouarepickingyoureducation,Ithinkcertainlypicksomethingthatisbasedondesign.Themorecreative,thebetterandweareopentoeveryone.”如果你要选择你的教育，我认为肯定要选择基于设计的东西。越有创意越好，我们对所有人都开放。可知，艾米在乐高设计方面是取得了不俗的成绩，同时结合她对新设计者提出的建议，可以推断她是经验丰富的。故选B。【答案】8．B9．A10．D11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了东非地区出现严重干旱，同时对干旱原因和给东非人民和动物所带来的巨大影响作了具体阐述。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“LocalZaynabWalitoldavisitingteamwithUNICEFthatsheandhersevenchildrenhadneverseenadroughtlikethis.Shesaidthegovernmentgaveoutfoodforanimalsduringthelastdroughtfiveyearsago.‘Thistime,weevendon'thaveenoughfoodforourfamily.'”当地的ZaynabWali告诉联合国儿童基金会的一个来访小组，她和她的七个孩子从来没有见过这样的干旱。她说政府在五年前的上一次干旱中为动物分发食物。“这一次，我们甚至没有足够的食物给我们的家庭。”可知ZaynabWali提到上次的干旱中，政府甚至为动物分发食物，即当时政府考虑很全面，工作做的也很到位，连动物都考虑到了，而这次干旱中他们的食物短缺，言外之意是政府这次的安排与上次相比是很不妥的，人们正常的食物供给都没有提供足够，故推知她提到上次的干旱是想表达她这次的失望。故选B。9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“SomaliaConsortiumworkstoimproveinternationalaidforSomalia.ItsaidinaseparatestatementthatinSomalia,morethan7millionpeopleneedemergencyhelp.Itisaskinginternationalorganizationstogivemuchmoretothecountry.”索马里联合会致力于改善对索马里的国际援助。它在一份单独的声明中说，在索马里，有700多万人需要紧急帮助。它要求国际组织向该国提供更多援助。可知索马里联合会在尽力去获得更多的国外援助，故选A。10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Oneyoungboywasseensupportingananimal,adonkey.Thedonkeywasonceimportantforcarryinggoods.Butnow,ithadbecometooweaktowalkonitsown.”有人看到一个小男孩扶着一头驴子。驴曾经是重要运载货物的工具。但是现在，它已经虚弱得不能自己走路了。可知驴原本作为运载货物的工具，现在虚弱的连自己走路都不行了，更别谈运货了，结合上文所述可知这是动物因干旱而导致没有食物吃所造成的，故本段主要用驴的例子来告诉我们干旱的严重性，故选D。11．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Somalia,Kenya,andnowEthiopiaarewarningofaseriousdrought(干旱)thataffectsmillionsofpeopleinEasternAfrica.”提出索马里、肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚都发出了严重干旱的警告，影响东非数百万人，文章后面段落对这次干旱的情况作了具体介绍，同时说明了干旱给这个区域的人们和动物所带来的巨大影响，因此本文就是围绕干旱影响东非，使数百万人面临风险这一话题进行阐述的，“干旱影响东非，数百万人面临风险”适合作为本文标题，故选D。【答案】12．C13．A14．C15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了荷兰Kinderdijk风车的历史由来，作用以及旅游价值等。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Todealwiththiskindofproblem,theKinderdijkwindmills(风车)werebuiltaround1740tomovewaterfromthelowerareastohighergroundandintotheriver.”为了解决这类问题，Kinderdijk风车建于1740年左右，用来将水从较低的地区输送到较高的地方，然后进入河流。可知，1740年，为了避免再次发生洪灾而修建了风车。故选C。13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Ofthe19windmills,16stillhavemillerswholiveinsideandcontrolthehugesails(翼板)inthewind.ThesewindmillscontinuetohelpmanagetheNetherlandsongoingfighttostayabovewater.”19个风车中，16个仍然有磨坊主人住在里面，控制着风中的巨大风帆。这些风车继续帮助荷兰保持在水面之上。可知，风车中的大部分还是向以前一样工作，以帮助荷兰抵御洪水的侵袭。故选A。14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Tourismisagoodwaytosupportoursite.”旅游业是支持我们景点的一个好方法。可知，PeterPaulKlapwijk认为众多的游客去参观风车对他们的景点是一个很好的支持，故选C。15．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了Kinderdijk风车的历史由来，作用以及旅游价值等。全面地向我们介绍了一个著名的历史遗迹。故选B。【答案】16．C；17．E；18．F；19．A；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了真朋友的意义。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前“Truefriendsarehardtofind.”真正的朋友很难找。提到找到真正的朋友很难；以及空后“Onlythenwillwehaveavaluablefriendship.”只有这样，我们才能拥有宝贵的友谊。承接空处，讲述了这样就有了真正的友谊。所以空处应说明具体找到真朋友的方式。C.Weshouldfindthembyheart“我们应该用心去找”，指出了用心找朋友是找到真朋友的方式，与下文逻辑相符，故选C。17．根据空后“Throughgoodtimesorbadtimes,theywillstandbyyourside.Theywillnotleaveyoualonewhenthingsgetdifficult.Theywillacceptyouwithouttryingtochangeyou.Theywillbringnewandexcitingthingsintoyourlifeandmakeitricher.”无论顺境逆境，他们都会站在你身边。当事情变得困难时，他们不会独自留下你。他们会接受你，而不是试图改变你。他们会给你的生活带来新的、令人兴奋的东西，让你的生活更加丰富多彩。讲述了真朋友不在乎你的境况，总会站在你身边。因而作为本段的主题句，可以描述什么是真朋友。E.Atruefriendissomeonewhowillalwaysbethereforyou“真正的朋友是一个永远在你身边的人。”符合语境，故选E。18．根据空前“Truefriendswillkeepyoursecretsasyouwillkeeptheirs.”真正的朋友会保守你的秘密，就像你保守他们的秘密一样。讲述了真朋友会保守你的秘密，这样会给你安全感。因而，空处可以承接前文，讲述你和你信任的人讲话，就不用担心；以及空后“youdon'thavetoworryaboutwhatyoumaysaywrong.”你不必担心你会说错什么。F.Ifyoutalktosomeonewhoyoubelievein“如果你和你信任的人说话”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。19．根据空前“Friendshipisatwo-waystreet.Tofindatruefriendyoumustbeatruefriendaswell.”友谊是一条双行道。要找到一个真正的朋友，你也必须是一个真正的朋友。讲述要找到真朋友，你必须也是一个真正的朋友。所以空处承接前文，讲述真正的朋友要做什么。A.Bethereforyourfriendswhentheyareinneed“当你的朋友需要帮助的时候陪在他们身边”，论述了真朋友要在朋友需要时陪在他们身边，符合语境，故选A。20．根据空前“Youwillfindthatthereisnothingmorevaluablethanhavingatruefriendbyyoursidetosharelifewith.Justassomeoneputsit”你会发现没有什么比拥有一个真正的朋友在你身边分享生活更有价值的了。就像有人说的那样。可知，空处是对本段内容的总结，讲述真正的朋友是最有价值的，是值得珍视的。G.Thereisnothingonthisearthmoretobeprizedthantruefriendship“世界上没有什么比真正的友谊更值得珍视了”，符合语境，故选G。【答案】21．C；22．B；23．A；24．D；25．B；26．C；27．D；28．B；29．C；30．A；31．B；32．C；33．A；34．D；35．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者一直和父母在很多事上存在分歧，上大学以后，作者慢慢学会了接受父母的观点，尊重他们的价值观，从而感觉和父母相处不再是一件难事。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：当我年轻的时候，只是一些简单的事情——我的裙子的长度或者我想看的电影。A.major"专业的"；B.useful"有用的"；C.simple"简单的"；D.actual"实际的"。根据空后"thelengthofmyskirtorthemoviesIwantedtowatch"可知，作者小时候和父母在一些小事上存在分歧。故选C。22．句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，我发现我们在更多的问题上存在分歧——我对朋友的选择，以及我在大学想学什么。A.Otherwise"否则"；B.However"但是"；C.Besides"此外"；D.Thus"因此"。根据空后"asIgotolder,Ifoundthattherewasalotmorethatwedidn't3—mychoiceoffriendsorwhatIwantedtostudyatuniversity."可知，随着作者长大，作者在更多的问题上和父母存在分歧，和小时候只是在小事上的分歧形成对比，和上文是转折关系。故选B。23．句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，我发现我们在更多的问题上存在分歧——我对朋友的选择，以及我在大学想学什么。A.agreeon"同意"；B.focuson"关注"；C.workon"从事"；D.relyon"依靠"。根据空前"...therewasalotmorethatwedidn't"可知，此处是说作者和父母在更多的问题上存在分歧。故选A。24．句意：离开家完全开阔了我的世界观，改变了我对很多问题的看法。A.Reaching"到达"；B.Visiting"参观"；C.Missing"错过，想念"；D.Leaving"离开"。根据空前"Iwenttouniversityinanothercityat17."可知，作者离开家去上大学了。故选D。25．句意：离开家完全开阔了我的世界观，改变了我对很多问题的看法。A.decisions"决定"；B.issues"问题"；C.challenges"挑战"；D.experiences"经验"。根据空前"opinions"可知，此处一定说的是对问题的看法。故选B。26．句意：我的朋友圈里有不同信仰、价值观、文化和不同生活方式的人。A.secondary"次要的"；B.practical"实用的"；C.diverse"不同的"；D.normal"正常的"。根据上文"peoplewithdifferentexperiences"和下文的"differentwaysofapproachinglife"可知，作者的朋友圈里的人有着不同信仰和价值观。故选C。27．句意：但最重要的是我们尊重彼此的观点。A.interests"兴趣"；B.feelings"感情"；C.attitudes"态度"；D.viewpoints"观点"。根据空前"But"可知，虽然作者的朋友有着不同信仰、价值观、文化和不同生活方式，但是他们尊重彼此的观点。故选D。28．句意：我已经学会质疑我学到的东西，不再只是因为那是"其他人"认为的就同意。A.argues"争论"；B.considers"认为"；C.exchanges"交流"；D.battles"战斗"。根据空前"I'velearnttoquestionwhatI'vebeentaughtandnotalwaysagree"和because可知，前后文是因果关系，作者学会了质疑，不再只是因为那是其他人所认为的事而表示同意。故选B。29．句意：当我头几次回家看望父母时，我发现这个问题真的很难处理。A.remove"清除"；B.propose"提议"；C.tackle"处理，应付"；D.complain"投诉"。根据下文"Ifoundithardtodealwithnotbeingableto10myopinionsasfreelyasIdidwhenIwasawayfromhome."可知，作者回家后，不能像离家在外时那样自由地表达自己的观点，所以作者认为很难应付。故选C。30．句意：我发现不能像离家时那样自由地表达自己的观点，这让我很难接受。A.voice"表示，表达"；B.control"控制"；C.tell"告诉"；D.review"审查"。根据上文"I'velearnttoquestionwhatI'vebeentaughtandnotalwaysagreejustbecausethatiswhat‘everybodyelse'8."和空后"myopinions"可知，此处说的是"表达自己的观点"，故选A。31．句意：我过去常常因为父母不支持我的观点而生气。A.face"脸"；B.support"支持"；C.need"需要"；D.honor"荣誉"。根据空前"getangry"可知，作者肯定是因为父母不支持她的观点而生气。insupportof固定短语，"支持"。故选B。32．句意：现在，我逐渐意识到，如果我想让我的父母尊重我说的话，我必须接受他们的观点。A.unless"除非"；B.after"在之后"；C.if"如果"；D.although"虽然"。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个条件状语从句，所以空格处应该填入一个连词，且意义为"如果"。故选C。33．句意：现在，我逐渐意识到，如果我想让我的父母尊重我说的话，我必须接受他们的观点。A.welcome"乐意接纳"；B.protect"保护"；C.acquire"获取"；D.develop"开发"。根据句意和空后的"theirviews"可知，此处指的是"接受他们的观点"，空格处的词和上文的respect是对应的。故选A。34．句意：虽然这很艰难，但一旦我努力尊重他们的价值观，和父母相处就不是一件难事了。A.unfortunate"不幸的"；B.alarming"令人惊慌的"；C.frightening"令人害怕的"；D.tough"艰难的"。根据空前While"虽然"以及空后"onceImakeanefforttorespecttheirvalues"可知，做到这件事挺难的。故选D。35．句意：虽然这很艰难，但一旦我努力尊重他们的价值观，和父母相处就不是一件难事了。A.tension"紧张"；B.shock"休克"；C.breakdown"故障"；D.struggle"难事"。根据空后"togetalongwithmyparents"以及空前"onceImakeanefforttorespecttheirvalues"可知，此处说的是，如果努力，和父母相处这件事也不是难事。故选D。【答案】36．when；37．lunches；38．sat；39．thinking；40．a；41．by；42．well；43．tosee；44．gratefully；45．his【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者帮助一个无家可归人的故事。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及状语从句，名词，时态，非谓语动词，冠词，介词，副词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。36．句意：今天我走进我最喜欢的一个午餐地点，一个无家可归的人问我是否可以给他买一个三明治。bedoing…when…固定句式，“正在做某事的时候，突然……”，故填when。37．句意：我走进去，点了我们俩的午餐。名词lunch为可数名词，根据our可知，用名词的复数形式。故填lunches。38．句意：他走了进来，在我们等的时候坐在一张桌子旁。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故填sat。39．句意：柜台后面的女人看着他很奇怪，也许觉得他不应该在那里。逻辑主语Thewoman与think之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填thinking。40．句意：我走过去和他说话，这样她就知道他是付费顾客。名词customer为可数名词，泛指，且paying发音为辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。41．句意：他是来自弗拉格斯塔夫的印第安人，开车大约两小时车程。此处表示“乘坐汽车”，介词用by。故填by。42．句意：我们就他所面临的一些挑战以及这些天世界上正在发生的所有事件进行了愉快的交谈。aswellas固定短语，“也，以及”。故填well。43．句意：很高兴看到他打开三明治和苏打水时微笑着。itis+形容词+todosth.意为“做某事……”，it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故填tosee。44．句意：他感激地感谢我的款待。修饰动词treat，用副词形式。故填gratefully。45．句意：我笑了，希望这能让他今天过得更愉快一些。makeone'sday，固定短语，“让某人开心”。故填his。46．【答案】StayingSafeontheInternetWiththeinternetaroundus,wecangetintouchwitheachothermucheasier.However,ithasbroughttousdangersaswell.Soitisveryimportanttostaysafeont