上海市2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题（含答案无听力音频无听力原文）

2024学年第一学期期中教学质量检测高二英语试卷说明：（1）本场考试时间为120分钟，总分140分；（2）请认真答卷，并用规范文字书写。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.At7:15. B.At7:50. C.At8:05. D.At9:00.2.A.Unconcerned. B.Surprised. C.Doubtful. D.Delighted.3.A.Heisratherdisappointed. B.Hecan’taccepttheresult.C.Heknowshisownlimitation. D.Hedoesn’tcareaboutapromotion.4.A.Shewantstogetsomesleep. B.Sheistoprepareapresentation.C.Shehastoattendachemistryclass. D.Sheistroubledbyhersleepproblem.5.A.Getmorefoodanddrinks. B.Invitemorepeople.C.Frepareforaparty. D.Tidyuptheplace.6.A.Takeataxitothezoo. B.Walktothezoo.C.Crossthestreet. D.Waitforthebus.7.A.Thewomanarrivedtooearlyforregistration.B.Thewomangotawrongclasspermit.C.Thewomanmisplacedherclasspermit.D.Thewomanmissedtheregistrationdeadline.8.A.Theyhaven’tagreedonwheretolive.B.Theydon’twanttoliveinanoisyarea.C.Theybothworkinthedowntownarea.D.Theyhopetosavemoneyforthewedding.9.A.Itwillclearupinthelakeareatomorrow.B.Thelakewillbeclearaftertheheavyrain.C.Thewomanisinvitingthemantogotothelake.D.Thewomanmighthavetochangeherplanfortomorrow.10.A.TheyloveItalianfoodmorethananythingelse.B.Theyaredisappointedattherestaurant’srecentchanges.C.Theyaresatisfiedwiththecurrentchefattherestaurant.D.Theyareunhappywiththepricesoffoodattherestaurant.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearashortpassageandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassageandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Theyfounditcharming. B.Theydidn’tcareaboutit.C.Theywereannoyedbyit. D.Theyhadmixedfeelingsaboutit.12.A.Itwasn’tbeingproperlymaintained.B.Peopledidn’tcarewhatevermessitmightbein.C.Therewerenoeffectiveregulationsconcerningvisitors.D.Itwaspoorlydesignedandconstructedinthefirstplace.13.AHowtheWhiteHousehasbecomewhatitistoday.B.WhymorepeoplefromhomeandabroadvisittheWhiteHousenowadays.C.HowtheWhiteHousehasbeendamagedbytouriststhroughouthistory.D.HowtheWhiteHousebecametheofficialresidenceoftheU.SPresident.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Moreofthemaresmokingcigars.B.Teensarebecomingmoreaddictedtocigarettes.C.Therehasbeenan11%increaseinthenumberofteensmokers.D.Teensareincreasinglyexploringhealthyalternativestocigarettes15.A.Mostoftheteensbuycigarsbecauseofpeerpressure.B.Thereareonlyfruit-flavoredcigarsavailableonthemarket.C.Theycanbepurchasedoneatatimesotheyareaffordedbytheteens.D.Theyarequiteexpensiveandrequiretheteenstosavetheirallowance.16.A.TheCigarAssociationhastakenactionagainstflavoredcigars.B.Therearenospecialrestrictionsonthesaleofflavoredcigars.C:TeenshavebeentaughtcigarsarelesspoisonousthancigarettesD.Theattemptstostopteensfromsmokingcigarshavebeeneffective.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.SheisinterestedinattendinganAmericanuniversity.B.Sheiscallingtoconsultforherfriend.C.Shewantstolearnsomebasiclanguageskills.D.ShehastostudyEnglishforthesakeofherjob.18.A.Tohelppeoplefindahetterjob.B.TohelppeoplewithEnglishlearning.C.Tohelppeoplegetenrolledin,afamousuniversity.D.Tohelppeopleimprovecommunicationskills.19.A.Itisaformthathelpsthestudentsgetastudentvise.B.ItisacertificatethatIndicatesthestudent’sEnglishproficiency.-C.Itisacertificatethatshowsthestudent’seducationexperiences,D.ItisareferenceletterthathelpsthestudentsgetintotheU.Sembassy.20.A.Applicantsneedtopaythetuitionatthebeginning.B.Applicantsmustconfirmtheirapplicationsinperson.C.ApplicationscanbemadethroughtheInternetorbymail.D.Applicantscanapplytojointheprogramatanytimetheywant.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheHelloftheSandwichLunchThecompetitiontobetheworsttwowordsintheEnglishlanguageisextremelyhard-fought.Surpriseparty.Cruiseholiday.Ricepudding.Keengolfer.Thelistgoesonandon.Butrightupthereis“sandwichlunch”.Separately,(21)______ofthesewordscontainslotsofbeautifulpromise.Incombination,however,theyspellhorribledisaster.Mostobviously,theysignalthatyourlunchisruined.Youmighthavebeenplanningtostrollthroughaparkoreatwithafriend.Nowyouwillbespendingyourbreakworking,(22)______(trap)inameetingroomwithseveralofyourcolleagues.Evenmoreannoyingly,yourmanagerhasannouncedthatsandwicheswillbeprovided(23)______youshouldbegratefulforthekindnessandconsideration.Theactualfoodchoicesarenotyours.Instead,theyappear(24)______make)byasix-year-old.Thecentrepieceisapiatterofsandwichescutintotriangles.Therearepaperplates.Youcan’thelp(25)______(look)aroundforpartyhatsandballoons.Notthatyouactuallyeatmuch.Theetiquette（礼仪）ofthesandwichlunchrequireseveryonetotakelessthantheywant,inordertosignalthattheyareteamplayers(26)______knowhowtoshare.Peoplepolitelywaittheirturnandthenrestrictthemselves(27)______afewitems.Yourownpaperplateisfairlytypical:twotrianglesofbread,foursalt-and-vinegarcrisps（薯片）,alimpsaladleafandoneplumtomato.It’saboutasappetizingasacupofsand.Youpickupthebiggestofyourfourcrispsandputitinyourmouthjustasthebossbeginstolayouttheagendaforthediscussion.Crispsarenever(28)______(noisy)thanwheneatenatasandwichlunch.Everybitethunders（响声穿透）throughtheroom;eyesflickyourwaywitheachcrunchandthenbacktothespeaker.Youwonder(29)______ittakesforacrisptodissolve（溶解）throughtheactionofsaliva（唾液）alone,andconcludeitisbettertogetthewholethingoverwith.Cueadesperateloudburstofchewingandalleyesarenowonyou.Thebosshasstoppedspeaking.Onefinalbite,andaswallow.Thecrispaswellasyourpromotionprospects(30)______(be)dead.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.easeB.fittingC.forceD.modestE.preciselyF.primarilyG.robbedH.awesomeI.encounterJ.starvingK.warnedTheProblemofTotallyEpicLanguageInflationStanCareyrecentlywroteashortblogaboutlanguageinflation,whichultimatelycreatesdevaluationinmeaningToday,popularexpressionslikeepicandbrilliantareusedtoexpressamore31meaningthantheirtraditionaluses.Brilliantactuallymeansclever,andepicactuallymeanssurprising.Suchisourdesiretoelevatewordswithpowerandimportance,thatweusehyperbole（夸张）todrawattention.Thesametendencycanbeseeninnumbersaswell.Oncegiving110%becamecliché,peoplestartedinsistingthattheygive210%,310%,andonandon.Tocreateevenmore32behindthephrase,peoplewillalsothrowinaliterally.Iliterallygave210%.Thisisnonewtrend.Mygenerationdestroyedwordslikeawesomeandtotally.Myparentsandgrandparents33ofmeaningwordslikeincredible,wonderful,andfantastic.IrishnovelistC.S.Lewisexpressedconcernoverlanguageinflation:“Don’tsayinfinitelywhenyoumeanvery;otherwise,you’llhavenowordleftwhenyouwanttotalkaboutsomethingreallyinfinite.”Andthisis34wherewefindourselvesrightnow.Wehavenowords35whenwewanttosaythatsomethingtrulyisawe-inspiring.Thiscanalsomakeitallthemoredifficultformodernreaderstoconnectwitholderbooks.Particularly,itcancheapenourunderstandingoftheScriptures（圣经）.Asachildofthe80s,Iwasneverat36callingGodawesome,becauseasfarasIknew,itmeantsomethingmuchlessgreat.Ifmysunglassesaretotallyawesome,IneedsomeotherwordforGod!Oursoulsare37inthecurrentculture.Weneglectthespiritualaspectsofourownexistencemoreandmore.Itmakessensethatthelanguagewouldreflectthataswell.Caring38forourphysicalneeds,werunacrossfewermomentsthatinspireuswithtrueawe.Thoseemotionswouldrequirea(n)39withthesignificantandthetimetocontemplate（沉思）it.Butwho’sgotthetimeorthedesireforthat?We’llsettlefor（将就）prettygoodexperiencesandcallthemtotally40III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.DaretoFollowAlmosteveryoneaspirestolead.Ifthereisonethinganyonewithajobandapulseneedstolearn,itishowto41.That,atleast,isthemessagefromthetsunamiofbooks,courses,videosandpodcastsonthetopic.Businessschoolsofferallkindsofleadershiptraining.Youaretoldhowtoleadwithoutactuallybeingaleader.42inallthisisaninconvenientfact.Mostpeopleintheworkforcearenotleadersandprettymucheveryone43someoneelse.Themostusefulskilltohaveinyourcurrentjobmaywellbehowtobeagoodfollower.Thatleadersdependonfollowersmightseemblindinglyobvious,butthewaythatpeoplelowerdowntheladderinteractwiththoseabovethemgetsmuchlessattentionthanthe44.Acornerofthemanagementliteratureis45to“followership”,butitremainssmall,forseveralreasons.Thefirstisthatyoudon’tneedanyadvicetoachievethepositionof46;youwillneverbemoreofonethanontheveryfirstdayofyourveryfirstjob.Thesecondreasonisthat,althoughsomepeoplehavelittledesiretobeinapositionofauthority,veryfewaspiretofollow.Theworditselfisassociatedwith47,weaknessandcomplaints.InanexperimentconductedbyColetteHoptionofSeattleUniversityandherco-authors,peoplewhowererandomlyassignedtotheroleoffollowersfeltunhappierandwerelesswillingtodoworkattheweekendsandearlyinthemorningthanthosegiventhe48ofleaders.Thethirdreasonwhytheartoffollowinggetslittleattentionisthatmostsubordinates（下属）havemuchlessagencythanthepeople49them.Thereisoftennochoiceinwhomyoureportto.Leaders,notfollowers,setthetone:50bossesarenotold-schoolcommand-and-controltypes,theyshapehoweveryonebeneaththembehaves.·Ifsuchthingsexplainwhyleadershipis51,thebehaviouroffollowersisstillcrucial.Hierarchies（等级制度）canbemorefluid（流动的）thantheysometimeslook:asteamsformanddissolve,youmaybeleadingaprojectonemonthand52thenext.Thingsgenerallygobetterwhenpeopleateverylevelareengagedintheirworkandpreparedtotakeonresponsibility.Proactivityisabigpartofbeinganeffectivefollower.Oneofthefathersofthefield,RobertKelley,hasusefully53fivestylesoffollowership:sheep,yes-people,unfriendlyfollowers,pragmatists,andstars.Which54offollowerpeoplefallintowillundoubtedlydependontheirboss.Butitwillalsodependonthem:onwhethertheyingratiate（讨好）themselveswiththeirmanagersor55them;onwhethertheyseetheirbossassomeonetosupportorcomplainabout.AstheBritishArmyputsit,“Tofolloweffectively…isachoice.”41.A.start B.lead C.acquire D.convey42.A.Special B.Abundant C.Missing D.Competent43.A.countson B.reportsto C.callsfor D.alternateswith44.A.reverse B.authority C.agenda D.convention45.A.blinded B.reduced C.dedicated D.accustomed46.A.candidate B.consultant C.executive D.follower47.A.courage B.passivity C.discrimination D.dignity48.A.leisure B.duty C.label D.payment49.A.supervising B.surrounding C.defending D.entertaining50.A.evenif B.nowthat C.giventhat D.providedthat51.A.undertheweather B.inthedark C.inthespotlight D.oncloudnine52.A.contributing B.dominating C.selecting D.appointing53.A.hired B.surveyed C.identified D.designed54.A.campaign B.category C.trap D.business55.A.defend B.sponsor C.influence D.challengeSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)AbiographyofBillGates:DollarBill“Americansappeartobegrowingincreasinglyuneasyaboutbillionaires,”observesAnupreetaDas,ajournalistattheNewYorkTimes.Withhislongcareeranditsmanyupsanddowns,Mr.Gatesis“theperfectprism（棱镜）throughwhichtoprojecttrickymoralquestions”inpursuitofa“collectiverethink”aboutAmericanvalues.Inthebiography,Ms.DasgoesfromthefoundingofMicrosoftin1975toitsstockmarketflotation（上市）11yearslater.By1995Mr.GateswastheyoungestbillionaireandtherichestpersoninAmericabutwasfacinganewproblem:hiscompanywassodominantthatitattractedtheattentionofantitrustregulators.Theheroicnerdhadcometobeseenasavillain（反派）.So,Mr.Gatesreinventedhimselfasaphilanthropist（慈善家）,establishingtheworld’slargestcharitablefoundationwithhisthenwifeMelindaandpromotingamongotherbillionairestheGivingPledge(apromisetodonatemostofone’swealthtocharitablecauses).SosuccessfulwasthisreinventionthatMr.Gateswasthemostadmiredmanintheworldfrom2014to2019,accordingtoYouGovpolls.Butthenhisscandals（丑闻）ledtothecollapseofhismarriage.Atthesametime,thepowerofhisfoundationbegantocomeunderincreasinginspection.Thefoundationpoursbillionsintopublic-healthinitiatives,outspendingmanygovernments,andthusshapeshealthpolicyinmanycountries-yetitisaccountabletonobodybuttheGateses.Duringthecovid-19pandemic,Mr.Gateswasalsothesubjectofconspiracytheories（阴谋论）suggestingthathewasprofitingfromvaccinesandeveninjectingtinymicrochipsintopeople.Theherohadonceagainbecomeavillain.ButMs.Das’sbookismostinterestingwhenitshowshowMr.Gateshasinfluencedotherbillionaires,suchasMarkZuckerbergandJeffBezos,-howtheyhavefollowedhisexample,andhowtheyhavenot.ThebookshowsMr.Gatesfrommanyanglesbutprovidesfewinsightsofhimasaperson.ThereisaGates-shapedholeatthecentreofthenarrative;Ms.DaswasnotallowedtointerviewMr.Gates.Sowhatdoessheconcludeaboutbillionaires?Theyare,shesuggests,lightningrods.（避雷针）fordeeperconcernsaboutinequalityandprivilege.ButsheholdsbackfrommakingastrongargumentaboutMr.Gates.Abookthatpromisestotacklebillionaires’placeinsocietyasksmanyquestions,butalsoasksreaderstomakeuptheirownminds.56.WhatisthemainpurposeofAnupreetaDas’sbiographyofBillGates?A.TodocumentthepersonallifeandcareersuccessofBillGates.BTocelebrateBillGates’sachievementsinthetechnologyindustry.C.ToprovideadetailedaccountofthehistoryofMicrosoft.D.ToexplorethemoralimplicationsofAmericavalues.57.WhywasBillGatesregardedavillain?①Microsoftwassodominantastoattracttheattentionofantitrustregulators.②Heestablishedtheworld’slargestcharitablefoundationandreinventedhimselfasaphilanthropist.③Hisinvestmentinpublic-healthinitiativesexceededmanygovernments,thusshapinghealthpolicyaccountabletoonlytheGateses.④Hewasaccusedofprofitingfromvaccinesandeveninjectingtinymicrochipsintopeopleduringthecovid-19pandemic.A.①②④ B.①③④ C.②③④ D.①②③④58.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytobeincludedinthisbook?A.AspecificdescriptionofMs.Das’interviewwithBillGatesandthetranscriptofit.B.BillGates’personality,hobbies,andpersonalanecdotesinhisearlylifeatMicrosoft.C.ThestorythatMr.Zuckerbergfacedhisowncrisis,andturnedtoMr.Gatesforadvice.D.Ms.Das’strongargumentaboutMr.Gates,suchasconcernsaboutinequalityandprivilege.59.WhatistheoveralltoneoftheauthortowardsBillGatesandothertechbillionairesinthisbook?A.Neutralandinformative.B.Admiringandsupportive.C.Criticalanddisapproving.D.Sympatheticandunderstanding.(B)HikingThreeGreatWalksTHELARAPINTATRAILDifficulty:ModerateTheLarapintaTrailisa142-milebushwalkacrosstheNorthernTerritory’ssunbakedWestMacDonnellRanges,traversingaridoutcropsbeforedescendingtoswimmingholes.StartinginAliceSprings/Mparntwe,ittakesnearlythreeweekstohikethelengthofthetrailtoitsglorioussunriseclimaxatMountSonder,butthetrailisdividedinto12sectionstoallowfordaywalks,overnighttreksandmulti-dayhikes.WorldExpeditionsofferspackagesrangingfromself-guidedtrekstoall-inclusiveguidedtourswithstaysattentedeco-camps,fromA$4,000(£2,040)perperson.larapintatrail.comauworldCAPETOCAPEWALKDifficulty:ModerateWesternAustralia’sMargaretRiverdrawssurfersandoenophilesthankstoitsbountifulbreaksandwineries.Weavingbetweenthemisthe77-mileCapetoCapeTrack,acoastaltrailthatnavigateskarriforestsandcliffsalongthelengthofLeeuwin-NaturalisteNationalPark.Thetrailcantakeuptosevendaystocompleteandisopenyear-round-planyourvisitbetweenJuneandDecemberforthechancetospothumpbackwhalesduringtheirannualmigration.BasiccampingisallowedonthetrailbutapopularoptionistostayinMargaretRiverandcatchshuttlesfromtheretothe.auSCENICRIMTRAILDifficulty:HardQueensland’sfour-day,29-mileScenicRimTrailstartswithaheart-pumpingclimb2,300ftuptheMistakeMountains.Fromhere,you’remetwithsteep,trackthatmeanderthroughancientrainforest.Lookoutforkoalasinthetreetopsandkangaroosbouncingacrossthepathandspendthenightcampingbeneatheucalypts.Thechallengingtopographymeansindependenthikingisbestlefttoexperiencednavigators.SpicersScenicRimTrailofferssmallgrouptourswithstaysinluxurytentsandfarmhouses,fromA$1,750(£900)60.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?Youcangocampingonallofthesethreehikingtrails.B:Youcanspotmanywildanimalswhenhikingthelarapintatrail.C.Itisrecommendedforbeginnerhikerstochoosethescenicrimtrail.D.Thedifficulty,cost,lengthandrelatedsiteofeachhikingroutearementionedinthepassage.61.JohnhasabudgetofA$2,000andtwoweeksofvacationtimetogoonahikingadventure.Helovesseaviews,andisalsoawinelover.Whichtrailwouldbethemostsuitableforhim?A.Thelarapintatrail. B.Capetocapewalk.C.Scenicrimtrail. D.Noneofthem.62.Whereisthisarticlemostlikelytoappear?A.ChinaDaily B.TheEconomistC.TheNewYorker D.NationalGeographicTraveller(C)Increasingly,AI-generatedoutputsdriftacrossourfeedsandsearches.Farbeyondourscreens,theentirecultureisbecomingaffected.Arecentstudyexaminingscientists’peerreviewsrevealedthattheword“meticulous（严谨的）”wasused34timesmoreoftenthaninthepreviousyear.Thephrasing,oneofthefavoritebuzzwordsofmodernlargelanguagemodelslikeChatGPT,indicatesthatmanyresearchersarehandingtheirworkovertoAI.Thisreflectsamuchbiggerproblem.AnyviralpostonsocialmedianowalmostcertainlyincludesAI-generatedreplies,alltoattractfollows.ThenthereisthegrowinguseofAItoscalethecreationofcheapsyntheticvideosforchildrenonYouTube.Thenarrativesmakenosense,andcharactersappearanddisappearrandomly.Asaneuroscientist,thisworriesme.Isn’titpossiblethathumanculturecontainswithinitcognitivenutrients—thingslikecohesivenarrationsandcharactercontinuity—thatdevelopingbrainsneed?ButwhathappenswhenatoddlerisconsumingmostlyAI-generatedcontent?It’sworthlookingtoahistoricalanalogy（类比）forourcurrentsituation:theenvironmentalmovement.Forjustascompaniesandindividualsweredriventopollutebyeconomicincentives,so,too,isAI’sculturalpollutiondrivenbyarationaldecisiontofilltheinternet’sappetiteforcontentascheaplyaspossible.However,therehasbeenundeniableprogresskeepingourcitiesmostlyfreeofsmog.How?GarrettHardin,abiologistandecologist,emphasizedin1968thatpollutionwasanoverexploitationofsharedresourcesdrivenbypeopleactingintheirowninterest,andthat“wearelockedintoasystemof‘fouling（污染）ourownnest,’solongaswebehaveonlyasindependent,rational,freeenterprisers.”Hesummeduptheproblemasa“tragedyofthecommons（公共用地）.”Thisacknowledgementwascrucialtotheenvironmentalmovement,whichreliedongovernmentregulationtodowhatcompaniesalonecouldorwouldnotdo.Onceagain,wefindourselvesenactingatragedyofthecommons:short-termeconomicself-interestencouragesusingcheapAIcontenttomaximizeclicksandviews,whichinturnpollutesourculture.Andsofar,majorAIcompaniesarerefusingtohelpidentifyAI’screation-whichtheycoulddobyaddingstatisticalpatternshiddeninworduseorinthepixelsofimages.TodealwiththiscorporaterefusaltoactweneedtheequivalentofaCleanAirAct:aCleanInternetAct.AsimplesolutionwouldbetolegislativelyforceadvancedwatermarkinginAI-generatedoutputs.Justasthe20thcenturyrequiredextensiveinterventionstoprotectthesharedenvironment,the21stcenturymustprotectadifferent,butequallycritical,commonresource:oursharedhumanculture.63.Whydoestheauthorexpressconcern?A.AI-generatedcontentisdifficulttodetect.B.Youngchildrenareoverlyexposedtoonlinecontent.C.Ourcultureisaffectedbylow-qualityAI-generatedcontent.D.Technologicalissues,similartoenvironmentalproblems,areserious.64.Whichofthefollowingexamplesbestillustratesa“tragedyofthecommons”？A.Fishermenoverfishingtoearnasmuchaspossible.B.Netizensuploadinganexcessivenumberofvideosonline.C.StudentsusingAItogenerateanswersforexamquestions.D.Governmentsfailingtoestablishpartnershipwithcompanies.65.Accordingtotheauthor,theissuediscussedcanberesolvedby______.A.controllingthevolumeofAI-generatedcontentB.regulatingAIoutputstomakethemmoreidentifiableC.urgingtechcompaniestoimprovethequalityofAIgenerationD.encouragingpeopletotreatcultureasseriouslyastheytreatenvironmentalissues66.Whichofthefollowingservesasthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Atragedyofthecommons:theimportanceofregulationB.AIoutputsareoverwhelming:potentialrisksofAItechnologyC.Navigatingthedigitalage:whyAIshouldbeusedwithcautionD.AddressingAI-generatedgarbage:endangeredcultureneedslegislationSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Butthatiscomplicatedbyanotheroftheresearchers’findings.B.Theyarepredatorybirdsthatwillgladlyseizeunattendedeggs.C.NowapaperbyLibourelandLeereportsanothercleveradaptation.D.Thebirdsmayreadilystealnestingmaterialsfromunguardedneighbours,forinstance.E.Butthefactthatthebirdsareabletoincubateeggsundersuchconditionsprovesthenapsuseful.F.Likeducks,chinstrappenguinscansleepwitheithertheirwholebrainorwithjustonehemisphereatatime.Thebiologyofsleep:FortythousandnapsneartheseaSleepisabitofanevolutionarymystery.Asleepinganimalcannotlookforfood,defenditsterritoryorfleefromdanger.Thefactthatsleepisnonethelesscommonamonganimalssuggestsitsrestorativepowersareessential.Sodoesthefactthat,iflaboratoryanimalsaredeprivedofitforlongenough,theydie.Someanimals,though,havedevelopeduniquewaystobalancetheneedforsleepandtheneedforstayingalert.Dolphinsandduckscansleepwithonlyhalftheirbrainsatatime,leavingtheotherhalfalert.67Chinstrappenguins（帽带企鹅）,itseems,taketheirsleepintheformofthousandsoftinymicro-naps.Theresearcherscaptured14penguinsonKingGeorgeIsland,andtheirbrainactivitywastrackedremotelythroughelectrodes.Whileduckssleepinlongstretches,theresearchersdiscoveredthatthepenguinswerenappingforjustafewsecondsatatime,hundredsoftimesanhour.Theyoffertwoexplanationsforthepenguins’sleeppatterns.Thefirstistodowithexternalthreats.Penguinsoftenincubate（孵化）theireggsalonewhiletheirpartnersareawayforagingforfood.Coloniesarethreatenedbybrownskuas（棕贼鸥）.68Brokensleepmaybeanevolutionarilysmartwayofgettingsomeshut-eyeduringlongegg-guardingwatcheswhilestillremainingabletoreacttodanger.69Birdswithnestsneartheedgeofthecolonyoughttobeatgreaterriskthanthoseinthecentre.Butbirdsontheedgesofthecolonyseemedtoenjoylongeranddeepernapsthanthosenearthemiddle.Thatleadstothesecondsuggestion,whichistodowiththepenguinsthemselves.Penguincoloniesarenoisy,crowdedplaces,andthreatsmaycomefromwithinaswellaswithout.70Birdsinthebustling,crime-riddencentreofthecolonymaysimplyfindithardertogetanyshut-eyethanthoselivinginthesafer,quietersuburbs.Choosingbetweenthosetheorieswillrequiremoreresearch.Both,ofcourse,couldprovetobetrue.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainidea