31885443Unit2讲义2021-2022学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit2I‘llhelptocleanupthecityparks.新课知识讲解与练习词汇检测：名词：标志；信号n___________通知、通告n注意到；意识到v__________感觉；感触n________满足；满意n_________高兴；愉快n_________物主；主人n_________尤指长途旅行；行程n_________子夜，午夜_________车轮；轮子n_________信；函n_________女士；小姐n_________困难；难题n_________门n_________训练；培训n_________仁慈；善良n_________先生n_________夫人；女士n_________动词：欢呼；喝彩v__________义务做；自愿做v自愿者n_________募集；征集v________修理；修补v__________修理；安装v________想象；设想v_________开；打开v_________拿；提；扛v_________理解；领会v_________变化；改变vn_________兴趣；关注n使感兴趣使关注v_________形容词：孤独的；寂寞的adj__________强烈的；强壮的adj________破损的；残缺的adj__________丧失能力的；有残疾的adj__________瞎的；失明的adj__________聋的adj__________聪明的；聪颖的adj___________激动的，兴奋的__________副词：独自；单独adv__________代词几个；数个；一些pron__________重点短语：1.CleanUpDay2.anoldpeople’shome3.helpoutwithsth.4.usedto5.carefor6.thelookofjoy7.attheageof8.cleanup9.cheerup10.giveout11.eupwith12.makeaplan13.makesomenotices14.tryout15.workfor16.putup17.handout18.callup19.putoff20.forexample21.raisemoney22.takeafter23.giveaway24.fixup25.besimilarto26.setup27.disabledpeople28.makeadifference29.beableto30.afterschoolreadingprogram语法学习：动词短语动词短语是以实义动词加上介词或副词等构成的多词动词。它们所表示的意义通常不是动词和介词／副词各自词义的简单相加。在使用时，我们要将短语动词作为一个整体看待。动词短语词可分为及物和不及物两种类型。对动词短语的考查主要是考查其意义，所以识记和领会短语动词的意义是学习短语动词的关键。短语动词主要分为以下几种：一、“动词+介词”构成的短语动词这类短语动词相当于及物动词，后面须跟宾语。常见的这类短语动词有：addto(增添)arriveat(到达)askfor(请求)breakinto(闯入)callon(拜访)efrom(出生于；来自)dealwith(对付，应付)dependon(依靠)fillin(填写)getover(克服)goover(检查，复习)hearfrom(收到……的来信)hearof／about(听说)laughat(嘲笑)leadto(导致)listento(听)lookafter(照料)lookfor(寻找)lookinto(调查)thinkof(认为)lookthrough(仔细看)sendfor(派人去请)talkabout(谈论)waitfor(等待)二、“动词+副词”构成的短语动词这类短语动词分为两类：及物动词+副词和不及物动词+副词。1.及物动词+副词它相当于一个及物动词。副词的位置由所接的宾语决定。如果宾语是名词，副词既可以在宾语之前，也可在宾语之后；如果宾语是代词，代词只能放在动词与副词之间。常见的这类短语动词有：bringup(抚养)findout(查明)giveup(放弃)handin(上交)handout(分发)lookup(查找)pickup(拣起)pointout(指出)putaway(把…收起来)putoff(推迟)puton(穿上；上演)ringup(给…打)setup(建立)takeoff(脱掉)thinkover(考虑)turnoff(关掉)turnon(接通)workout(做出)2.不及物动词+副词它相当于一个不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语。常见的这类短语动词有：breakdown(出故障；坏掉)breakoff(突然中止、中断)eback(回来；想起来)eon(快来；加油)getdown(下来；下车)getin(进入)eout(出版；出来)getaway(逃走)gettogether(相聚)getup(起床)goby(过去；经过)goon(继续)holdon(别挂)lookout(小心)setoff／out(出发)standup(起立)stayup(熬夜)三、“动词+副词+介词”构成的短语动词这类短语动词相当于一个及物动词，后面须跟宾语。常见的这类短语动词有：catchupwith(赶上)eupto(达到)getalongwith(与…相处)getoutof(摆脱)goonwith(继续)lookforwardto(盼望)makeupof(由…组成)四、“动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词这类短语动词相当于一个及物动词，后面须跟宾语。常见的这类短语动词有：payattentionto(注意)playapartin(在…中起)takecareof(照顾)takepartin(参加)takepridein(以…自豪)五、“be+形容词+介词”构成的短语动词这样的短语动词有：beafraidof(害怕)befondof(爱好)befamiliarwith(熟悉)begoodat(善于)beinterestedin(对…感兴趣)belatefor(迟到)besuitablefor(对…合适)besurprisedat(对…感到惊奇)六、“动词+名词”构成的短语动词英语中有些名词与动词构成固定搭配，表达特定的意思。这些名词貌似宾语，但它们不能转化为被动句的主语。常见的这种固定搭配有：changecolor(变脸色)loseheart(丧失信心)makefriends(交朋友)makemoney(赚钱)makesense(有意义)takeaction(采取行动)takeplace(发生)考点总结：You

could

help

clean

up

the

city

parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。

【解析1】help

v

→helpful

1).

help

sb.

to

do

sth.

帮助某人做某事。

2).

help

oneself

（

to

）自用（食物等）。

3).

help

sb.

out

帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作。

4).

with

the

help

of

在……帮助下。

5).

help

sb.

with

sth.

帮助某人做某事。

6).Can’t

help

doing

情不自禁做....

1.

—

Mary

is

so

________

—

she

es

to

you

whenever

you’re

in

trouble.

A.

useful

B.

careful

C.

thankful

D.

helpful

2..The

woman

___all

of

her

money

to

charities____

the

poor.

A.

gave

off,

to

help

B.

gave

up,

helping

C.

gave

away,

to

help

D.

gave,

helping

【解析2】clean

up

把……打扫干净（v.

+

adv.）

clean

up

the

table

=

clean

the

table

up

1.Your

bedroom

is

too

dirty,

please

_____.

A.

clean

it

up

B.

clean

up

it

C.

set

it

up

2.

If

everyone

pours

less

polluted

water

into

Dianchi

Lake,

it

will

be

_____.

A.

deeper

and

deeper

B.

cleaner

and

cleaner

C.

dirtier

and

dirtier

D.

wider

and

wider

2.

The

girl

could

visit

the

sick

kids

in

the

hospital

to

cheer

them

up.

女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。

【解析1】sick

/ill

：

(1)

sick

adj.“生病的”，既可放be

(系动词)后作表语，

也可放n.前作定语。

be

sick

of

…“讨厌；厌恶……”

sick

person

=

patient“病人”

(2)

ill

adj.“生病的”，只能放be

(系动词)后作表语，

be

ill

in

hospital

生病住院

ill

→

illness

n.“病；疾病”

【解析2】in

the

hospital

与in

hospital

(1)

in

the

hospital“在医院”

指人在医院里，允许是在医院上班，允许是到医院看望病人等；(2)

in

hospital

“在医院；住院”

指生病住院。

类似的短语有：

in

the

bed“在床上”，也许是蹲在床上或站在床上；

in

bed“在床上”指躺在床上

Tom

is

ill

and

staying

in

bed.

1.

My

grandfather

was

ill

_____

last

week.

I’m

sorry

to

hear

that.

A.

in

a

hospital

B.

in

the

hospital

C.

in

hospital

D.

in

hospitals

【解析3】cheer

up

使振奋，使高兴的（v.

+adv）

cheer

sb.

up

=make

sb.

happy

使某人高兴

cheer

me

up

使我高兴

1.You

could

visit

_____children

in

the

hospital

and

_____them______.

A.

ill,

set,

up

B.

sick,

clean,

up

C.

sick,

cheer,

up

2.—He

looks

unhappy

today.

—Let’s

.

A.

cheer

him

up

B.

help

out

him

C.

look

him

after

D.

argue

with

him

3.The

boy

could

give

out

food

at

the

food

bank.

男孩可以在食物站分发食物

【解析】give

out

=hand

out分发(v.

+adv)

hand

out

bananas

give

out

sth

to

sb.

分….给某人

【短语】：give

in

屈服

give

back=return

归还

give

a

speech

发表

give

sb.

a

call

给……打

give

away

赠送give

away

money

to

kids

give

sb.

a

hand

=help

sb.

帮助某人

give

up

doing

sth

=stop

doing

sth放弃做某事give

up

smoking

放弃吸烟

give

sb.

sth

=

give

sth

to

sb.

给某人某物

1.You

shouldn’t

_____your

hope.

Everything

will

better.

A.

give

up

B.

fix

up

C.

cheer

up

D.

put

up

2.We

have

raised

some

books.

We’ll

___to

the

poor

children.

A.

put

them

up

B.

give

them

away

C.

give

them

away.

D.

put

out

them

4.

We

need

to

e

up

with

a

plan

for

the

City

Park

Clean

up

Day.

我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。【解析】e

up

with

=think

up

想出

catch

up

with

赶上

追上

【短语】：think

about

考虑

think

of

想起

think

over

仔细考虑

【拓展】v+up

with

构成的短语：

catch

up

with

赶上；追上

keep

up

with

跟上；跟、、、、、保持联系

put

u

with

容忍；

忍得住

end

up

with

结束；以.......而结束1.

—

It

is

too

noisy

here.

I

can’t

stand

it.

—

Me,

too.

We

have

to________

new

ways

to

solve

the

problem.

A.

catch

up

with

B.

keep

up

with

C.

e

up

with5.

Oh

,

what

did

they

ask

you

to

help

out

with?

哦，他们让你帮助做些什么？

【解析】help

out

帮助；

帮助......出来

help

sb.

out

使某人脱离困境

1.

He

______

plenty

of

money

to

the

people

in

the

earthquake

area

______.

A.

put

out,

to

work

out

well

B.

handed

out,

help

them

out

C

gave

out,

work

out

well

D.

gave

away;

to

help

them

out

6.

They

told

me

stories

about

the

past

and

how

things

used

to

be.

他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。

【解析1】

(1)

use

v.使用→useful

adj.

有用的

(2)

use

sth

to

do

sth

用某物做某事

(3)

used

to

do

sth

过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。

(4)

be

/get

used

to

doing

sth

习惯于做某事

(5)

be

used

to

do

sth

被用来做某事=be

used

for

doing

sth

1.My

brother

used

to

_____

up

late,

but

now

he

is

used

to

___

up

early.

A.

get

get

B.

getting;

get

C.

get;

getting

D.

getting;

getting

2.Keys

are

used

___

the

door.

A.

to

open

B.

to

opening

C.

open

D.

opening

3.

–How

does

Jack

usually

go

to

work?

—He

______

drive

a

car,

but

now

he

______

there

to

lose

weight.

A.

used

to;

is

used

to

walk

B.

was

used

to;

is

used

to

walking

C.

was

used

to;

is

used

to

walk

D.

used

to;

is

used

to

walking

7.

That

sounds

interesting.

那听起来挺有趣。

【解析】sound

(1)n声音

We

heard

a

strange

sound.

【辨析】Sound/noise/voicesound(n.)指自然界中所有的声音，可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音。

⑵noise一般指很响的，刺耳的声音，即喧闹，嘈杂声等。

③voice指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话，唱歌等）。

Mary

has

a

beautiful

voice.

玛丽的声音很美。

Don't

make

such

a

noise.

别这样大声喧哗。

1.

—

Did

you

hear

any

strange

_____when

the

quake

happened?

—

No,

I

was

in

my

garden

with

my

flowers

and

was

enjoying

the

beautiful

_____of

my

birds

at

that

time.

A.

voice;

noise

B.

noise;

sound

C.

whisper;

sound

D.

sound;

voice

2.Stop

making

so

much

_____.

The

children

are

sleeping.

A.

voice

B.

noise

C.

sound

vi.听起来，似乎，其后加表语（形容词，介词短语，名词）

—It

sounds

beautiful.

它听起来很美。8.

Yeah,

a

lot

of

old

people

are

lonely.

是的，很多老年人都很孤独。

【解析】alone

/

lonely

辨析：

(1)alone

=

by

oneself

adj.

单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。

He

often

walks

alone

to

home

.

(2)lonely

①指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；②也可指某个地方是荒凉的

1.The

old

man

lives

___，but

he

never

feels

____.

A.

alone

lonely

B.

lonely;

alone

C.

alone;

alone

D.

lonely;

lonely9.

We

should

listen

to

them

and

care

for

them

.

我们应该倾听他们说话并且关心他们。

【解析】care

for

照看；照顾；

照料

1..

Many

students

in

our

school

_______

the

old

and

they

usually

offer

their

seats

to

them

on

buses.

A.

worry

about

B.

care

for

C.

agree

with

D.

take

care

【拓展】care的短语总结

take

care

=be

careful

v.当心，小心

take

care

of

=look

after

v.照顾，照料，照看

take

care

of

处理，做完

care

for

v.照顾，照看

1.

Thanks

for

your

invitation,

but

I’m

so

sorry

I

can’t

go.

I

need

to

______

my

baby

at

home.

A.

take

away

B.

take

off

C.

take

care

of

D.

take

out

of

10.

Mario

Green

and

Mary

Brown

from

Riverside

High

School

give

up

several

hours

each

week

to

help

others.

来自河畔高中的马里奥。格林和玛丽每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。

【解析1】give

up

放弃

give

up

doing

sth=stop

doing

sth

放弃做某事

1.—

It's

too

hard

for

me

to

be

a

trailwalker.

—

Never

________.

Believe

in

yourself!

A.

put

up

B.

give

up

C.

hurry

up

D.

look

up

2.—Diaoyu

Island

belongs

to

China.

—Surely

it

does!

We

Chinese

will

never

it

up.

A.

cut

B.

fix

C.

give

D.

set

【解析2】several

可作定语，表示“几个”：

=

a

few

Several

boys

were

injured.

有几个小伙子伤了。

My

friend

speaks

several

languages.

我的朋友能讲几种语言

11.

He

volunteers

at

an

animal

hospital

every

Saturday

morning.

他每周六早上在动物医院做志愿者。

【解析】volunteer

v

志愿

n

志愿者

volunteer

to

do

sth

志愿做某事

They

often

___________________(自愿去教)

the

children

12.

...

But

I

want

to

learn

more

about

how

to

care

for

animals...

但是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾动物的知识

【解析】

―疑问词+不定式‖作及物动词的宾语，

【记】：I

don’t

know

what

to

do.

I

don’t’

know

how

to

do

it

.

I

don’t

know

what

to

do

with

it.

【拓展】

“特殊疑问词

+

不定式”

与

“wh

–

从句的转换。

转换时只需在疑问词后加主语（与主句主语一致），并将不定式改成

“should

+v原形“做谓语。

I

don’t

know

how

to

solve

the

problem.

=

I

don’t

know

how

I

should

solve

the

problem.

—

Which

dress

do

you

like

best,

Madam?

—

Sorry,

I

can’t

decide

_____

now.

A.

to

buy

which

one

B.

buy

which

one

C.

which

one

to

buy

D.

which

I

should

buy

it.

13.

I

get

such

a

strong

feeling

of

satisfaction

when

I

see

the

animals

get

better

and

the

look

of

joy

on

their

owners’

faces.

当我看到动物们变得更好，并且它们的主人的脸上呈现喜悦之情时，我有一种很强烈的满足感。【解析1】such

形容词

修饰名词

such

a/an

+形容词+可数名词单数

such+

除many/few之外的形容词+可数名词复数

such

+除much/little之外的形容词+

不可数名词

so

程度副词

修饰形容词或副词

so+

形容词+a/an

+

可数名词复数

so+

many/few

+可数名词复数

so+

much/little+不可数名词

【解析1】(1)so

…that

如此…..以致……

―So

+adj.+

that‖

“如此……以至……‖

引导结果状语从句

so后面接形容词、副词

He

was

so

strong

that

he

could

lift

the

heavy

bag.

1.

The

girl

is

____

a

nice

girl

____

we

all

want

to

help

her.

A.

such;

that

B.

too;

to

C.

so;

that

D.

very;

that

2.Some

word

puzzles

in

this

book

are

____

difficult

that

____

students

can

solve

them.

A.

such;

few

B.

such;

little

C.

so;

few

D.

so;

little

3.The

teacher

speaks

very

loudly

____

all

the

students

can

hear

her.

A.

so

that

B.

because

C.

since

D.

when

【解析2】get

better

变得更好

14.

She

could

read

by

herself

at

the

age

of

four.

她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。

【解析】at

the

age

of

在......岁的时候=

when

sb.

Was

...

Years

old.

15.

Last

year,

she

decided

to

try

out

for

a

volunteer

afterschool

reading

program.

去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。

【解析】try

out

尝试；实验

try

v

试图，设法，努力

【拓展】

(1)try

on

试穿

(2)

try

to

do

sth

努力做某事

【侧重尽力做】

(3)

try

doing

sth

试图做某事

【侧重尝试做】

(4)try

one’s

best

to

do

sth=

do

one’s

best

to

do

sth

尽某人最大努力做某事

1.

We

should

try

___

much

fruit.

A.

eat

B.

to

eat

C.

eating

D.

eats

16.

...，but

you

can

see

in

their

eyes

they’re

going

on

a

different

journey

with

each

new

book,......,

但是你能从他们的眼睛里看到他们正随着每本新书在进行不

同的旅行。

【解析】go

on

a

journey

=

go

on

a

trip去旅行

17.

Volunteering

here

is

a

dream

e

true

for

me.

对于我来说，在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真。

【解析】

e

true

实现

achieve

是

主语一般为“人”

e

true

否

主语一般是“梦想；理想”1.

If

we

Chinese

work

hard

together.

China

Dream

will

______

.

A.

e

out

B.

e

true

C.

achieve

【拓展】与e相关的短语：

【短语】e

and

go

来来回回

e

from

来自

e

back

回来

e

out

出来

e

on

加油，快点

e

in

进来

e

back

回来

e

over

顺便来访

e

true

实现

e

up

with

想出

2.

Scientists

are

trying

their

best

to

_______

ways

to

treat

the

terrible

disease

called

H7N9.

A.

e

up

with

B.

look

forward

to

C.

talk

about

D.

give

up

18.

I

can

do

what

I

love

to

do

and

help

others

at

the

same

time.

我不但可以做我自己喜欢的事，同时还可以帮助其他人。

【解析】at

the

same

time

同时,

19.

However,

few

people

think

about

what

they

can

do

to

help

others.

然而，很少有人会考虑他们能做些什么来帮助他人。

【解析1】however

然而

【辨析

】however和

but

二者都意为“可是，但是”；

but是并列名词，连接两个并列分句，上下二句在总的意义上构成了对比。

I

really

don't

like

cheese,

but

I

will

try

just

a

little

this

time.

我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。

⑵

however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。

It

was

raining

hard.

However,

we

went

out

to

look

for

the

boy.

雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去寻找那个孩子

【解析2】few

几乎没有

few

几乎没有（表否定含义）

可数名词复数

They

know

few

of

us

a

few

一些（表肯定含义）

He

made

a

few

mistakes

little

几乎没有（表否定含义）

不可数名词

I

spend

very

little

on

food

a

little

一些（表肯定含义）

I

know

a

little

about

the

story

1.—

There

used

to

be

lots

of

fish

in

the

lake.

—

Yes,

but

there

are

very

__________

now.

A.

few

B.

fewer

C.

little

D.

Less

2.The

girl

in

purple

is

new

here,

so

___

people

know

her.

A.

few

B

.a

few

C

.a

little

20.

There

are

many

people

who

are

less

lucky

than

us

.

有很多没有我们幸运的人。

【解析】less

较少的；

较次的

1..

To

live

a

green

life,

we

should

try

to

save

______

energy

and

produce_______

pollution.

A.

more;

less

B.

less;

more

C.

more;

fewer

D.

most;

least

2.3.

The

world’s

population

is

growing

_____and

there

is

____land

and

water

for

growing

rice.

A.

more;

less

B.

larger;

fewer

C.

larger;

less

D.

more;

fewer

21.For

example

,

we

can

make

plans

to

visit

sick

children

in

the

hospital

or

raise

money

for

homeless

people.

例如，

我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或者无家可归的人们筹钱。

【解析1】for

example

⑴for

example“例如”，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，

用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。

For

example，he

is

a

good

student.

例如，他就是个好学生。

⑵

such

as“例如”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。可以和and

so

on

连用。

Boys

such

as

John

and

James

are

very

friendly.

像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。

【解析2】

raise

（raised;

raised)

v

募集；征集

raise

money

for...

“为......筹款”

【解析3】

home

n

家→homeless

adj.

无家可归的

be

home

to

…

=

be

the

home

of

sb.

成为…家园

a

homeless

boy

一个无家可归的男孩

We

have

only

one

Earth.

It's

our

mon

_____.

A.

family

B.

house

C.

home

D.

room

【拓展】由home构成的合成词：

homeland

n

祖国

hometown

n

家乡

homework

家庭作业

homeless

adj.

无家可归的

homemade

adj.

自制的

【同类记忆】

careless

粗心的

hopeless

没有希望的

helpless

无助的

useless

没有用的

1.

After

the

earthquake

in

Japan,

we

are

trying

to

help

the

_______

people

to

rebuild

their

homes.

A.

harmless

B.

endless

C.

useless

D.

homeless22.

Some

people

even

stop

doing

their

jobs

for

a

few

months

to

a

year

to

move

to

another

country,

like

Africa,and

help

people

there.

有些人甚至会停下自己的工作几个月到一年去其他的国家，像非洲，并且帮助那里的人们。

【解析】

stop

doing

(1)stop

doing

sth

停止做某事

Please

stop

speaking.请停止讲话

(2)stop

to

do

sth

停下来去做另外一件事

Please

stop

to

talk.请停下来讲话

(3)stop

sb.

from

doing

sth

=keep

sb

from

doing

sth=prevent

sb

from

doing

sth

阻止某人做某事

(4)can’t

stop

doing

sth

忍不住做„„

SectionB1.

I

repaired

it

.

我把它修好了

【解析】

repair

v

“修理；修复”

1)

repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。

Who

has

repaired

the

broken

leg

of

the

table?

谁把桌子的断腿修好了？

2)

mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)，一般指较小之物。

This

shirt

is

too

old

to

mend.

这件衣服太旧不能补了。

3)

fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实，将分离的物体各部分装配起来。用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。

Can

you

fix

the

broken

chair?

你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?

2.

I

take

after

my

mother.

我长的像我妈妈。

【解析】(1)take

after

=be

similar

to在（外貌、性格等方面）与（父母）相像

(2)look

like

只指在外貌上与…..相像

(3)be

like

指在性格上相像1.

The

girl

_____

the

woman.

Maybe

she

is

her

daughter.

A.

take

care

B.

takes

after

C.

takes

off

D.

look

after

2.Tom

___

his

father,

because

they

both

are

cheerful

and

easygoing.

A.

looks

like

B.

takes

after

C.

doesnt’

take

after

D.

isn’t

like

【解析】similar

adj.

相似的

be

similar

to

sb.

和某人很相似

1.Her

sweater

is

___

to

my

sister’s

.

They

are

the

____

color.

A.

similar;

same

B.

similar;

similar

C.

same;

same

D.

same;

similar

3.

I

gave

it

away.

我把它修理好了

【解析】give

away

赠送；

分发（奖品），捐赠

(

)

—

What

are

you

doing,

Uncle

Wang?

—

I

am

sorting

out

old

books

and

I’ll

____

to

kids

in

West

China.

A.

give

them

up

B.

give

them

away

C.

give

them

off

D.

give

them

in

【2013江苏连云港1】11.

It

was

a

difficult

time

for

the

quake－hit

victims

in

Ya'an,

but

they

didn't

________

hope.

A.

give

up

B.

give

off

C.

give

in

D.

give

out

【拓展2】与away相关的短语：get

away

from

逃离

throw

away扔掉

go

away

离去；出去

stay

away

(from)远离

put

away

放好

run

away

逃走4.

I’ll

send

you

a

photo

of

Lucky.

【解析】(1)

a

photo

of

sb.

sb.为宾格，“某人的一张照片”，

强调照片上的人就是他/她本人。

(2)

a

photo

of

sb’s.

sb’s.为名词性物主代词或名词所有格，“某人的一张照片”，强调照片上的人是sb.所拥有的。

1.

One

of

my

friends

is

a

policewoman,

this

is

a

photo

of

.

A.

her

B.

hers

C.

she

D.

his

2.

—Excuse

me，look

at

the

sign

NO

PHOTOS!

—Sorry,

I

________it.

A.

don’t

see

B.

didn’t

see

C.

haven’t

seen

D.

won’t

see

5.

I’m

sure

you

know

that

this

group

was

set

up

to

help

disabled

people

like

me.

我肯定你知道这个组织的成立是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人。

【解析1】be

sure

(that)

...

be

sure＋of／about

doing

sth，“确信……”；“对……有把握”。

但在接名词时，be

sure

of侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑；

be

sure

about则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。

I'm

sure

of

his

honesty．我肯定他是诚实的。

⑵be

sure

to

do

sth

，表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断，认为句子主语“必定”、

“必然会”、“准会”如何如何。

It

is

sure

to

rain．天一定会下雨。

⑶be

sure+宾语从句，表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断，

意为“确信某事一定会……”。

We

are

sure

he

will

make

great

progress

this

term．

我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步

【拓展】make

sure表示“弄确实；核实；查证”。

make

sure常用于祈使句，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。

Make

sure

+

that从句意为“弄明白；确信”。

【解析2】set

up

建立；设立

set

up

=establish

=build建立（v.

+adv）

【短语】：set

off

出发set

about

doing

sth

着手去做某事

1.We

have

____

some

organizations

to

help

the

poor

students

in

the

western

areas

of

China.

A.

taken

up

B.

put

up

C.

picked

up

D.

set

up

—

When

are

you

going

to

______

for

Shanghai?

—

Tomorrow

morning.

A.

get

off

B.

turn

off

C.

take

off

D.

set

off

【解析3】disabled

adj.

肢体有残疾的

（既可以做表语，

也可以做定语）。

disabled

people

残疾人

【加前缀dis

构成的派生词】

dislike

不喜欢

disorder

无秩序

dishonest

不诚实

disappear

消失

6.

Lucky

makes

a

big

difference

to

my

life.

“幸运”对我的生活产生了很大的影响。

【解析】makes

a

big

difference

影响；有作用

1.The

heavy

snow

didn’t

___

the

international

airlines.

A.

pay

attention

to

B.add

to

C.

make

a

difference

to

D.keep

to

7.

Or

imagine

you

can’t

walk

or

use

your

hands

easily.

或者想象一下你不能走路或自如地使用你的手。

【解析】imagine

+

n/

ving/

pron

v

想象

1.—

My

mother

can’t

imagine

____

on

line.

—

Many

people

don’t

know

how

to

do

it.

A.

shop

B.

to

shop

C.

shopping

D.

Shopped

8.

...

But

many

people

have

these

difficulties.

但是很多人有这些困难。

【解析】have

difficulty

(in)

doing

sth

做某事有困难

1.—

I

have

great

____

in

finishing

the

work

by

myself.

Could

you

help

me?

—

No

problem.

A.fun

B.success

C.advice

D.difficulty

9.

I

love

animals

and

I

was

excited

about

the

idea

of

having

a

dog.

我热爱动物，并且为能拥有一只狗这个主意激动不已。

【解析】be

excited

about

对......感到激动

【解析1】excite→

exciting/excited

兴奋的

be

excited

about对…感到兴奋

—What

_____

news!

Yes.

We

are

all

_____

about

it.

A.

exciting;

exciting

B.

excited;

excited

C.

exciting;

excited

【解析】

be

able

to

能够be

able

to

用于各种时态

有人称和数的变化

I

will

be

able

to

dress

more

casually.

can

用于现在时或过去时（could）

没有人称和数的变化

I

could

swim

at

the

age

of

seven.

=I

was

able

to

swim

at

the

age

of

seven.

10.

My

dog’s

name

is

Lucky—

a

good

name

for

him

because

I

feel

very

lucky

to

have

him.

我的狗的名字叫“幸运”——

对于他来说是个好名字，因为有了他我感觉自己很幸运。

【解析】be/

feel

lucky

to

do

sth

做某事感到很幸运。

【解析1】

luck

n.“幸运”

→

lucky

adj.“幸运的”

→

luckily

adv.“幸运地”

→

unlucky

adj.“不幸的”

→

unluckily

adv.“不幸地；不幸的是”

1.The

little

girl

was

very

_________(幸运的）to

get

a

free

ticket

to

Disneyland.

11.

For

example,

I

say,

“Lucky!

Get

my

book,”

and

he

does

it

at

once.

例如，

我说：“Lucky！把我的书拿来。”

它马上就照做。

【解析】(1)fetch

v

去拿来=get

去（某地）

拿来（讲话者处）

(2)bring

v

带来从（某地）拿到（讲话者处）

bring

sb.

sth

=

bring

sth

to

sb.

给某人带某物

(3)

take

v

带来

从（讲话者）拿走

take

→took

→

taken

—Oh

,I’ve

left

my

schoolbag

in

the

classroom.

—

Don’t

worry.

I’ll

___it

for

you.

A.

bring

B.

get

C.

carry

D.

take

2.The

teacher

told

the

students

____

any

food

into

the

classroom

.

A.

not

to

bring

B.

not

bring

C.

don’t

bring

D.

to

bring

not

3.—

Don’t

forget

____

your

history

and

politics

books

tomorrow

morning.

A.

bring

B.

to

bring

C.

bringing

4.—

Sam,

my

iPhone

is

in

my

bedroom.

Could

you

_____

it

for

me?

—

No

problem.

A.

bring

B.

fetch

C.

take

D.

carry

5.－I’m

sorry,

Mr

Li.

I

______

my

English

homework

at

home.

－Don’t

forget

it

to

school

tomorrow.

A.

left,

to

bring

B.

forgot,

to

take

C.

lost,

to

bring

I’ll

send

you

a

photo

of

him

if

you

like,

and

I

could

show

you

how

he

helpsme.如果你喜欢我会给你寄张他的照片，并且我会告诉你他是如何帮助我的。【解析1】send→

sent

→

sent

v

发送

【短语】：

send

away

赶走

send

for

派人去请

send

off

寄出

send

out

分发

send

up

发射

send

sb.

sth

=

send

sth

to

sb.

送给某人某物

1.You

fill

in

both

parts

of

the

form,

then_____.

A.

send

up

it

B.

send

for

it

C.

send

it

away

D.

send

it

off

2.Please

send

a

photo

of

your

family

____

me.

A.

for

B.

at

C.

to

D.

with

【解析2】if

如果引导真实条件状语从句

从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。

1.

Please

hold

on

to

your

dream

______

one

day

it

es

true.

A.

if

B.

until

C.

unless

D.

though

2.—Would

you

like

to

go

shopping

with

me,

Carmen？

—I’d

love

to,

_____

you

don’t

want

to

go

alone.

A.

until

B.

before

C.

if

3.

The

children

will

climb

the

hill

if

it___________

tomorrow.

A.

won't

rain

B.

didn't

rain

C.

isn't

raining

D.

doesn't

rain

13.

Thank

you

again

for

changing

my

life.

再次感谢你改变了我的生活。

【解析1】Thank

sb.

for

+n/

pron/

ving

为……而感谢某人。1.

________

the

teacher,

I’ve

made

great

progress.

A.

Thank

you

B.

Thanks

C.

Thanks

lot

【解析2】change

v

改变；变化

change

one’s

life

改变某人的生活

change...

Into...

(把......）变成

2.If

you

want

to

change

the

world,

you

have

to

___

yourself

first.

A.enjoy

B.check

C.help

D.change单元练习题单选：1.Wehave______8dayholiday.Whataboutgoingto________WestLake?Soundsgreat.A.an;aB.a;aC.an;theD.a;the2.The

woman

___all

of

her

money

to

charities____

the

poor.

A.

gave

off,

to

help

B.

gave

up,

helping

C.

gave

away,

to

help

D.

gave,

helping

3.

My

grandfather

was

ill

_____

last

week.

I’m

sorry

to

hear

that.

A.

in

a

hospital

B.

in

the

hospital

C.

in

hospital

D.

in

hospitals

4.How

does

Jack

usually

go

to

work?

He

______

drive

a

car,

but

now

he

______

there

to

lose

weight.

A.

used

to;

is

used

to

walk

B.

was

used

to;

is

used

to

walking

C.

was

used

to;

is

used

to

walk

D.

used

to;

is

used

to

walking

5.The

old

man

lives

___，but

he

never

feels

____.

A.

alone

lonely

B.

lonely;

alone

C.

alone;

alone

D.

lonely;

lonely6.Many

students

in

our

school

_______

the

old

and

they

usually

offer

their

seats

to

them

on

buses.

A.

worry

about

B.

care

for

C.

agree

with

D.

take

care

7.It's

too

hard

for

me

to

be

a

goodEnglishlearner.

Never

________.

Believe

in

yourself!

A.

put

up

B.

give

up

C.

hurry

up

D.

look

up

8.Some

word

puzzles

in

this

book

are

____

difficult

that

____

students

can

solve

them.

A.

such;

few

B.

such;

little

C.

so;

few

D.

so;

little

9.are

trying

their

best

to

_______

ways

to

treat

the

terrible

disease

called

H7N9.

A.

e

up

with

B.

look

forward

to

C.

talk

about

D.

give

up

10.To

live

a

green

life,

we

should

try

to

save

______

energy

and

produce_______

pollution.

A.

more;

less

B.

less;

more

C.

more;

fewer

D.

most;

least

11.Tom

___

his

father,

because

they

both

are

cheerful

and

easygoing.

A.

looks

like

B.

takes

after

C.

doesn’t

take

after

D.

isn’t

like

12.

I

have

great

____

in

finishing

the

work

by

myself.

Could

you

help

me?

No

problem.

A.fun

B.success

C.advice

D.difficulty

13.Whatnews!

Yes.

We

are

all

_____

about

it.

A.

exciting;

exciting

B.

excited;

excited

C.

exciting;

excited

D.excited;exciting14.The

teacher

told

the

students

____

any

food

into

the

classroom

.

A.

not

to

bring

B.

not

bring

C.

don’t

bring

D.

to

bring

not

15.The

children

will

climb

the

hill

if

it___________tomorrow.

A.

won't

rain

B.

didn't

rain

C.

isn't

raining

D.

doesn't

rain16.Theteachermadeus_______thequestiononebyone.A.answerB.toanswerC.answeredD.answering17.WeoftenhearLinda________booksintheevening.A.readB.toreadC.readingD.reads18.Youcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitalto__________.A.cheerupthemB.laughathimC.cheerthemupD.takeafterthem.How

many

teachers

are

ther