衔接点07定语从句（学案）-2023年初升高英语无忧衔接

07定语从句定语从句是高考的重点+热点，定语从句的考查常出现在高考试题中的语法填空和句子翻译中，尤其是非限制性定语从句用法。高频考点有:1.关系代词(that.which.who.whom.whose,as)和关系副词(where.when.why)的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。2.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别:3.介词+关系代词的用法;4.不定代词/数词+of

which/whom

引导的非限制性定语从句:5.定语从句与名词从句、状语从句、强调句、并列句、简单句的甄别。【要点梳理】Ø考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词先行词在从句中的作用who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语、状语whose人或物定语as人或物主语、宾语、表语关系代词that和which的用法区别只用that的情况先行词是all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing等不定代词时先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，all等修饰时先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词既有人又有物时只用which的引导非限制性定语从句时关系代词指物，且前有介词时情况关系代词as和which的区别as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如……，正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为see，know，expect，say，mention，report等which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点，这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系Thelittleproblems

that

wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.Ilivenextdoortoacouple

whosechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.China

Today

attractsaworldwidereadership，which

showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.Ø考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词先行词在从句中的作用when时间名词时间状语where地点名词或抽象名词(situation，point，activity，case，stage等)地点状语whythereason原因状语Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,when

theweathermaybebetter.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesinmunityactivities

where

theycangainexperienceforgrowth.Doyouknowthereason

why

hedidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday?Ø考点三：非限制性定语从句1.非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句与主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。e.g.YesterdayImetLiPing,

who

seemedtobeverybusy.

(昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起来很忙。）2.which引导的非限制性定语从句既可修饰名词或代词，也可修饰整个句子。e.g.Afiveyearoldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages，which

surprisesallthepeoplepresent.(一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。）3.

在非限制性定语从句中，还可把all,some，most,none或both加上ofwhich或ofwhom来修饰或限定先行词。e.g.Helovedhisparentsdeeply,

bothofwhom

areverykindtohim.(他深深地爱着他的父母，他们对他非常好。）Ø考点四：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskill

uponwhich

schooleducationdepends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。September30istheday

bywhich

youmustpayyourbill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体关系。Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneofwhich

hasbeenproved.科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。Manyyoungpeople，mostofwhom

werewelleducated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。3．在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋ofwhich”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋ofwhom”。Thenewlybuiltcafé，thewallsofwhich

(＝whosewalls)

arepaintedlightgreen，isreallyapeacefulplaceforus，especiallyafterhardwork.这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。考点一考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句1.Aperson________emailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanyemails.(天津卷)A.who B.whom C.whose D.whoever2.Manychildren,________parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.(安徽卷)A.their B.whose C.ofthem D.withwhom3.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity________namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.(湖南卷)A.which B.ofwhich C.that D.whose考点二考查关系代词which引导的定语从句1.They’vewontheirlastthreematches,________Ifindabitsurprising.(辽宁卷)A.that B.when C.what D.which2.Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,________wasverykindofhim.(全国Ⅱ)A.which B.that C.where D.it3.WheneverImether,________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.(山东卷)A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that考点三查关系副词where引导的定语从句1.Mozart’sbirthplaceandthehouse________heposed“TheMagicFlute”arebothmuseumsnow.(上海卷)A.where B.when C.there D.which2.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation________theycanseethemselvesdifferently.(福建卷)A.that B.when C.which D.where3.Lifeislikealongrace________wepetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.(重庆卷)A.why B.what C.that D.where4.Ihavereachedapointinmylife________Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.(浙江卷)A.which B.where C.how D.why5.—Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob________youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.(北京卷)A.where B.which C.when D.that考点四查关系副词when引导的定语从句1.She’llneverforgetherstaythere,________shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.(四川卷)A.that B.which C.where D.when2.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone________local5starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.(江苏卷)A.if B.when C.which D.since考点五考查“介词+关系代词”结构1.Guncontrolisasubject________Americanshavearguedforalongtime.(陕西卷)A.ofwhich B.withwhich C.aboutwhich D.intowhich2.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof________Ihadevermetbefore.(全国I)A.them B.who C.whom D.these考点六定语从句考查新角度ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.(江西卷)A.init B.in C.inthat D.inwhich一、用适当的关系代词填空1．Thisistheplace______isworthvisiting.2．Shehasabrother_______nameIcan’tremember.3．Theman_________isshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.4．People__________areagainsttheideathinkitisunnecessarytobuildthedam.5．Organicfarmersalsoplantdiversecrops________usedifferentdepthsofsoiltohelpkeepitrich.6．ThethemeparkyouareprobablymostfamiliarwithisDisneyland,________canbefoundinseveralpartsoftheworld.7．IlentsomemoneytoEarl,__________housewasdestroyedintheflood.8．Theclassroom，__________doorisbroken，willsoonberepaired.9．I’mfondofXiaoDuwhoisarobot_____________Icantalkatanytime.10．Victimsthankthose_________helpedthemrebuildafteranearthquakein2013.11．Thetouristwantedtobookaroom_________windowfacessouth.12．Thisisthebestway_________hasbeenusedagainstpollution.13．Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_________surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.14．Thereason_________IgotajobwasthatIworkedhard.15．Heputasidehisworktospendmoretimewithhisson,________justreturnedfromabroad.16．Iwouldliketoexpressmythanksinaway______hecouldneverimagine.17．Thenovelcoronavirushashadsuchadeepeffectonourlife______istotallybeyondexpectation.18．LoraistheveryteacherIlikemost,with______helpIhavemadeprogressinmystudy.19．Peoplearerequiredtowearmasksinpublicplaces,______ishelpfulforfightagainstthepandemic(疫情).20．Doyouknowtheplace__________heborrowedthebook?21．Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools________hehadvisited.23．Thenovel________you’reinterestedwaswrittenbyMarkTwain.24．_________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.25．Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,________isoftencalledtheHeavenoftheEarth.26．YesterdayImetanoldfriend,___________hadagiftofmusicwhenhewasyoung.27．Iwillneverforgetthosethreeyears,during____________timeIlearnedalotaboutlife.28．__________isreported,Chineseteamwonthefinal.29．Iboughtallthefoodintheshop,muchof_______________wasgivenouttothepoor.30．Ineverforgetthissummervacation,___________Ispentthehappydayswithmyfriends.31．Heistalkingaboutthegreatwoman,_________filmshavebeenoninmanycities.32．Ihavemanycollectionsofstamps,someof____________aremyfavorite.33．Thelastone___________leavestheclassroomshouldclosethewindows.34．DoyouknowMr.Smith_________storyisverymoving?二、定语从句对比练习35．a.Thisisthehouse________Ilivedlastyear. b.Thisisthehouse________Iboughtlastyear.36．a.IthinkBeijingisthemostbeautifulcity,________hasapopulationofover20,000,000. b.Beijingisthemostbeautifulcity________Ihaveevervisited. c.IthinkBeijingisthemostbeautifulcity,________Ispentmylastsummerholiday.37．a.I'llspendmyholidayinShanghai,________livesmyuncle. b.I'llspendmyholidayinShanghai,________liesonthecoast.38．a.Thisistheveryroom________Isleptinthatevening. b.Thisistheveryroom________Isleptthatevening.39．a.Iwillrememberthedays________Ispentwithyouatcollege. b.Iwillrememberthedays________Istudiedwithyouatcollege.40．a.Thatisthereason________hedidn'tgotocollege. b.Thatisthereason________hetoldmeyesterday.三、句型转换41．当我们到达那儿，我们都对美丽的枫叶感到惊讶。美景让人流连忘返。普通表达：Whenwegotthere,wewereamazedatthebeautifulmapleleaves.Thebeautifulscenerymadeusnotwanttoleave.高级表达：______________________________________________________________(用定语从句改写句子)42．ThetemplewasfirstbuiltduringtheQinDynasty.(用定语从句改写句子)Thetime________thetemple________________wasduringtheQinDynasty.43．Today,wewilldiscussanumberofca