浙江省宁波市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（含答案）

浙江省宁波市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七总分评分一、阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读理解Someofmyearliestmemoriesinvolvesittingwithmydadinhisstudyeverynightwhenhecamehome.Dadhasajadegreencomb.Everynight,hewouldsmile,handmethecombandsay:"HelpDaddycleanit,OK?"Atagefivethistaskbroughtmesuchjoy.Iwouldexcitedlyturnthetapon,andthenbrushthecombwithausedtoothbrushashardasIcould.Satisfiedwithmyjob,IwouldproudlyreturnittoDad.Hewouldsmileatme,andplacethecombontopofhiswallet.Abouttwoyearslater,Dadlefthisjobandstartedhisownbusiness.Thatwaswhenthingsstartedtochange.Dad'sbusinesswasn'tdoingsowell,andourstablelifestartedgettingshaky.Hedidn'tcomehomeasmuchasheusedto.Andwhenhedid,itwasalwayslateandI'dalreadybeinbed.Istartedtogetmad.Whydidn'thelistentoMumandjuststicktohisoldjob?Overtheyears,Istoppedspendingmynightswithhim.Now28,I'vealreadygotajob.Dad'sbusinesshasalsostartedtobeontrack.Thingsarebetter.Yettheuncomfortablesilencebetweenuspersisted.Twodaysbeforemybirthdaylastyear,Dadcamehomeearly.AsIhelpedhimcarryhisbagsintohisstudy,hesaid."Hey,wouldyouliketohelpmecleanmycomb?It'sbeenawhile:sinceIlastcleanedit."Ilookedathimawhile,thentookthecombandheadedtothesink.AsIcleanedthecomb,ithitmethen:why,asachild,helpingmydadcleanhiscombwassuchajoy.ThatroutinemeantmydadwashomeearlytospendtheeveningwithMumandI.ItmeanthewouldwatchTVwithusorplayafewvideogameswithme.Itmeantahappyandlovingfamily.IpassthecleancombbacktoDad.Helooksatitandsmiles.Butthistime,Inoticesomethingdifferent.Mydadhasaged.Hehaswrinklesnexttohiseyeswhenhesmiles,yethissmileisstillheartwarming.Thesmileofafatherwhojustwantsagoodlifeforhisfamily.Dadcarefullyplaceshiscombontopofhiswallet.Thesameoldjadegreencomb.Iguesssomethingsneverchange.Andforthat,I'mglad.1．Asachild,howdidtheauthorfeelaboutcleaningthecomb?A．Shediditinacasualway.B．Shetookitseriously.C．Shethoughtitburdensome.D．Sheunderstoodthesignificanceofit.2．Whywastheauthorunhappywithherfather'squittinghisjob?A．Herroutinewithherfatherchanged.B．Herfathergrewindifferenttomumandher.C．Herfather'snewbusinesswasnotdoingwell.D．Hermotherwasdisappointedwithhisdecisions.3．What'stheturningpointoftheauthor'sattitude?A．Theboomofherfather'snewbusiness.B．ThereturnoftheformersweethappynightsC．Therealizationofherfather'sunchangedlove.D．Theawarenessofherfather'sagingappearance.阅读理解ManyChinesesportsfanslastmonthfeltfrustratedwhentheChinawomen'snationalfootballteamfailedtoqualifyfortheParisOlympicGames.TherewasthetypicalrollercoasterofemotionalreactionswiththeusualtalkingheadsonsocialmediashoutingforthechiefcoachShuiQingxiatobefired.Similarly,attheHangzhouAsianGames,ChinesenationalteamathleteWuYannicameunderattackforhavingbeendisqualifiedbecauseofafalsestart.Facingpressure,shehadtopostanopenlettertodeeplyapologizetoallher"friends."Strangelyenough,manyofthesearmchairenticsand"friends"weretheverypeoplewhohadsungthepraisesofShui'sandWu'sperformancenotlongago.Unfortunately,thisphenomenonofpolarizedthinking,alsoreferredtoasblack-and-whitethinking,isbynomeansuniquetotheworldofcompetitivesports,wheresuccessesandfailurescanhappeninaninstant.Polarizedthinkingoccurswhenemotionsrunhighandpeopleusethelowerpartoftheirbrain.Thiswasveryusefulintheearlystagesofhumandevelopmentwhen,backintheStoneAge,ourancestorswereforcedtocategorizeeverythingintoeithergoodorbadbecausetheylivedinconstantfearofbeingattackedbylargeranimals.Theirliveswerealwaysontheline.Therewasnotimetoconsiderthenuanced(微妙的)middlegroundortoputthemselvesinotherpeople'sshoes.Sincethoseolddaysarelonggone,whydowestillneedtobesoextremeinourthinking?Theconsequencesofgivingintopolarizedthinkingaredangerous.Adoptingextremepositionscandistort(歪曲)yourself-imageandworldview(likejudgingyourselforotherindividualsbasedonasingleevent),bothofwhichwillleadtofailureinlife.Whatifyouwereverbally(口头上地)attackedbythosepolarizedtypes?Aneffectivewaytodealwithitistoapplythetechniqueofsummarization:"Sowhatyou'resayingis...Isthatcorrect?Couldyoubemorespecific?"Thisisatypeofmentaljujitsu(柔术),whereyouusetheattacker'senergyandstrengthagainstthemselves.Emotionalpeoplearenotgoodatbeingspecific,soifyoucalmlyaskthemforadetailedexplanationoftheirposition,theirargumentwilloftenreachadeadend.Bythattime,justsmileandtellthem,"Thankyouforsharing."4．WhyareShuiandWumentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Togiveexamplesofpolarizedthinking.B．Toshowtheharmofpolarizedthinking.C．Topresentthetopicofpolarizedthinking.D．Todescribethesignsofpolarizedthinking.5．Whatisthesuggestedtechniquetohandlepolarizedtypes?A．Askthemtosummarizeyourarguments.B．Understandthemandstaycalmandpolite.C．Arguebackusingtheirenergyandstrength.D．Requestextraspecificstosupporttheirpoints.6．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheOriginofPolarizedThinking.B．HowtoThinkBeyondBlackandWhite?C．IstheWorldEitherBlackorWhite?D．PolarizedThinkingonSocialMedia.阅读理解Theplanetisintrouble,andagas-carbanjustmighthelp.Buthowwillitaffectyou?Carsarenotsmallinvestments.Theymakeabigimpactonourwallets—butalsoontheenvironment.That'swhywhenCaliforniaannouncedagas-carbaninAugustaridotherstatessuggestedthey'dfollowsuit,therewasamixedresponse.Sure,reducingouruseofgasbychoosingmoreeco-friendlycarscouldslowclimatechangeandhelpeveryonelivemoresustainably,nottomentionsavemoneyongasinthelongrun.Butwhatwouldhappentopeople'scars?Wouldtheyhavetobuyanexpensivenewelectricvehiclerightnow?Well,let'ssetafewthingsstraightfirst:Thisisn'tafull-onban.PeoplelivinginorvisitingCaliforniawillstillbeabletodrivegascars,aswellasbuyandregisterusedinternalcombustionengines(ICE)vehicles,wellafterthelawtakeseffect.Butinalittleoveradecade,residentswillnotbeallowedtoregisternewgas-burningcars.Itwilltakemorethanadecadeforthebantotakeeffectfully—2035,tobeexact.WhyisCaliforniabanninggascars?It'sallabouttheenvironment.MorethanhalfofCalifornia'scarbonpollutioncomesfromthetransportationsector,andeliminatingICEvehiclesisacriticalfirststepin,addressingtheclimatecrisis.Californiahasseentheimpactofclimatechangefirsthandintheformofnaturaldisasterssuchasfloods,mudslides,record-breakingdroughtsandextremewildfires—allofwhichhaveincreasedinfrequencyandintensityinrecentyears.However,newrulesandlawscanbefearsome,andhardtocarryoutatfirst.Forexample,electricvehicles(EVs)alsodon'tgetasmanymilespercharge,makingthemdifficultforlong-distancetripsandstateswithfewchargingstations.Relatedtothat,thecountryneedsmorepublicchargingstations.But,ofcourse,thebiggestbarriertomorepeoplegettingexcitedaboutelectricvehiclesisprice,whichiscurrentlyhigherthantraditionalvehiclesduetotheirexpensivebatteries.Still,Rauchishopeful."Assomeonewhoisfocusedonthehealthbenefitsofreducingpollution,Iseethebenefitsasvastlyoutweighingthechallenges,"shesays."Attheendoftheday,whodoesn'twanttheirchildrenandgrandchildrentobreathecleanair?"7．What'speople'sattitudetowardsthegas-carban?A．Theyweretotallyindifferenttoit.B．Theyheldmixedopinionstowardsit.C．Theyhadafloodofcomplaintsaboutit.D．Theythoughthighlyofitandwelcomedit.8．WhydidCaliforniadecidetobangascars?A．Todealwiththeseveretransportationproblem.B．Topreventnaturaldisastersfromhappening.C．Tofollowtheexampleofotherstateswithgas-carban.D．Toeasetheinfluenceofseriousclimatechange.9．WhichisNOTapossibledisadvantageofEVs?A．Limitedmilespercharge. B．Limitedchargingstations.C．Higherpricesatpresent. D．Morecarbonpollution.10．Wheremightthistextbetakenfrom?A．Amagazine. B．Atextbook.C．Abiography. D．Aresearchreport.二、阅读理解，第二节任务型阅读(共5个小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Improvingyourfamilylifecanhelpmakeyourfamilymemberscloserandpreventconflictsfromgettinginthewayofeveryone'shappiness.11．Fortunately,therearelotsofconcretestepsyoucantaketomakeyourtimewithyourfamilymoreenjoyableandfulfilling.Havemealstogetherasoftenaspossible.Parentsworkandkidshaveafter-schoolactivities,soit'stoughtohavebreakfastanddinnertogethereveryday.However,doyourbesttoeattogetherasoftenaspossible.12．Whensomeonegetshomefromworkorpracticelate,sitdownwiththemwhiletheyhavedinner,evenifyou'vealreadyeaten.Spendingtimetogetherandhavingaconversationismoreimportantthaneatingatthesametime.Dohouseholdchorestogether.Fewpeopleactuallyenjoydoingchores,butsharinghouseholdresponsibilitiescanhelpeveryoneinyourfamilytakeprideinyourhome.13．.Forinstance,whoeverfinishesfoldingtheirlaundryfirstmightgettopickoutthemovieyou'llwatchtogether.Dividechoresupintoage-appropriatecategories.Afterdinner,youryoungestcouldwipethetable,youroldestcouldfillthedishwasher,andyoucouldputawayleftovers.Avoidcomparingyourfamilytothoseyouseeonsocialmedia.Itcanbeeasytobelievethatbecauseotherpeoplealwayslookhappyintheirpicturesandvideostheyalwaysfeelthatway.14．Ifyoustarttoenvysomeoneelse'sfamily,justremindyourselfthatyoudon'tknowwhattheirlifeisreallylike,andtheylikelyhavefamilyargumentsandotherissuesjustlikeeveryoneelse.Remember,evenifsomeoneelse'sfamilytakesmorevacationsorhasmoreexpensivethings,itdoesn'tmeanthey'reanyhappierthanyouandyourfamilyare.Avoidharshcriticismandjudgments.Giveeachotherpermissiontoexpressemotionsandactsillywithoutfearofcriticismorjudgment.15．Ifyou'reaparent,offerpositive,constructivecriticism,andtrytodiscourageyourchildrenfromharshlyjudgingeachother.Insteadofsaying,"No,that'snothowyoudothat,"say,"Goodtry,butletmehelpyoudothistherightway."A.Remember,everyfamilyneedstoworktokeeptheirrelationshipshealthyandstrong.B.Whenpeopleexpectharshjudgment,theytendtobottlethingsupandavoidsharingtheirfeelings.C.However,navigatingfamilyrelationshipsrequirespatience,understanding,andeffectivecommunication.D.Familymealsareakeyroutinethathelpsyoustayinvolvedineachother'slives.E.Whenyouarestressed,you'remorelikelytomakeharshjudgments.F.Trytomakeitasfunaspossible,suchasbyplayingmusicorhavingcontests.G.Developingachoresysteminyourfamily'sroutinecanmakeabigdifference.三、完形填空:(共15小题，每题1.5分，满分22.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekeleemergedasthevictorofthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge,16．amongnineotherfinalistswithhisinnovativecreationknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(SCTS).In17．ofhisexceptionalachievement,thisninth-gradetalentissettoreceiveasubstantialcashawardof$25,000.Bekele'srevolutionaryconcept18．throughatwo-minutevideo,centersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonly19．,pricedatlessthan$10perbar,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivatedendriticcells—thebody'snatural20．oftheskin—tocopewithskincancer.Reflectingonhispresentationandinspiration,BekelesharedthathischildhoodinEthiopiaplayedasignificant21．inshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeoplework22．underthescorchingsun,hecouldn'thelpbut23．howmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithlong-termsun24．."Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,"BekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwithTheWashingtonPost.To25．himrealizehisambitiousplans,hereceivedinvaluableadvicefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialistat3M,who26．himwithotherscientists.Ultimately,thepathforwardforBekele'screationincludesobtainingFDAapproval.Duringhispresentationatthe3MglobalheadquartersinSaintPaul,Minnesota,Bekele27．expressedhisvisionofturningthesoapintoa"symbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithin28．forall."Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekeleisdeterminedtoperfecthisinventionand29．anonprofitorganizationdedicatedtodeliveringhisinnovativecreationtopoorcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthe30．againstskincancer.16．A．tellingapart B．standingoutC．workingout D．settingapart17．A．summary B．memory C．recognition D．contact18．A．improved B．presented C．impressed D．supplied19．A．affordable B．effective C．efficient D．expensive20．A．rescuers B．defenders C．masters D．designers21．A．role B．power C．pack D．source22．A．effortlessly B．hardly C．carefully D．tirelessly23．A．know B．confirm C．wonder D．realize24．A．damage B．addiction C．effect D．exposure25．A．help B．fund C．track D．supply26．A．referred B．interacted C．recommended D．connected27．A．passionately B．temporarily C．suddenly D．regularly28．A．rent B．reach C．affair D．application29．A．setoff B．setout C．setup D．setfor30．A．race B．quarrel C．fight D．competition四、单项选择:阅读下列各题，从题后的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。31．Twoyearsagohebought____expensivecameraandthenhepersuadedmetobuy____.A．the;one B．a;oneC．the;theone D．an;one32．Manygraduatestudents,most____werewell-educated,headforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.A．ofwhich B．ofthem C．ofwhom D．ofthose33．Thelawrequiresthateveryoneshouldbeequal____race,religion,orgender.A．insearchof B．regardlessofC．onaccountof D．inspiteof34．AsanativeofHangzhou,sheconsiders____herdutytodisplaythebestaspectofthecitytotheguestfromallovertheworld.A．it B．one C．that D．other35．Iwasonthepointofleavingforwork____IrealizedIhadforgottenmykeys.A．until B．while C．before D．when36．Themusicplayinginthebackground____meofmyteenageyearsandallthememoriesassociatedwithit.A．recognized B．alarmed C．reminded D．reflected37．She____acareerchangeformonthsbuthasn'tmadeafinaldecisionyet.A．hadconsidered B．hasbeenconsideringC．considered D．willconsider38．Everyknowsthatsuccess____happensovernight.Justasthesayinggoes,"Romewasnotbuiltinaday."A．particularly B．fortunately C．extremely D．rarely39．Evenwhentheygrowup,thetwinsaredifficultto____.A．tellapart B．fallapart C．takeapart D．apartfrom40．Toher____,shetookresponsibilityforhermistake.A．honor B．credit C．glory D．amazement41．Shedecidedto____herentirecareertohelpingunderprivilegedchildrenaccessqualityeducation.A．attach B．compare C．owe D．devote42．Childhoodmemoriescamebacktomesoclearly,____theeventhadhappenedonlyyesterday.A．evenif B．onlyif C．nowthat D．asif43．Studentsattheuniversityhaveeasy____toacomprehensivelibrarywithextensiveresourcesfortheirresearch.A．way B．chance C．access D．method44．Lastmonth'sbadweatherwas____forthecropfailure.A．responsible B．suitable C．ready D．unless45．—Iheardyoudidn'tenjoythemovielastnight.—____.Iactuallyfounditquiteentertaining.A．Mindyourownbusiness. B．Icouldn'tagreemore.C．That'snotthecase. D．I'mgladtohearthat.五、语法填空（共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The2023-24Hohhot(呼和浩特)IceandSnowFestival46．(kick)offattheMazongshanSkiResortinHohhot,capitalcityofNorthChina'sInnerMongoliaautonomousregion,onDec22.ThefestivalfeaturesaseriesofNewYearactivities,thethirdHohhotHappyIceandSnowCarnival,andtheHohhotSpringFestivalandLanternFestivalcelebrations.ThethirdHohhotHappyIceandSnowCarnivalcombinesNorthChina'scultureandlocalcustoms,showcasing80activities,47．(include)iceandsnowarchitecture,iceandsnowsports,artistic48．(perform),andNewYear'smarkets.Additionally,Hohhot'sculturalandexhibitionvenueswillhost57culturalactivities.49．(locate)inthe"goldenlatitudebelt"oficeandsnow,Hohhotboastsexcellentnaturalconditions50．wintersports,withawinterseasonlastingoverfour51．(month)andaveragetemperaturesrangingfrom-2Cto-13C.Inrecentyears,Hohhot52．(boost)itswintertourismbycultivating53．(diversity)productofferingsandlaunchingarangeofdistinctivewintertourismactivities.Thisyear,Hohhotwillhostthe14thNationalWinterGames,54．asaresultofitsgeographicalandtransportationadvantages,itformsa"2-hourtransportationcircle"withBeijing.Withtheopeningofthe"Beijing-Hohhot"skitrain,moreskiingenthusiastscancometoHohhot55．(experience)itsuniqueiceandsnowculture.六、短语填空，根据中文意思的提示在空格处填入合适的词组(来自Book1welcomeunit-unit4)。(共10小题，每题1分，满分10分)56．Shedeliveredapowerfulspeechthat(留下印象)everyone.（根据汉语提示完成句子）57．Thisdress(对……适合的)formaloccasionssuchasweddingsorbusinessevents.（根据汉语提示完成句子）58．Thefactoryworkerswent(罢工)todemandbetterworkconditionsandfairwages.（根据汉语提示完成句子）59．Itdoesn't(有道理)tocontinueinvestinginafailingbusiness.（根据汉语提示完成句子）60．Aftertheearthquake,thecitywas(严重受损),withbuildingscollapsedandstreetsdestroyed.（根据汉语提示完成句子）61．Heopenedtheolddustybox(出于好奇心),eagertodiscoveritscontents.（根据汉语提示完成句子）62．Thechangesintheofficelayoutweremade(故意地)toencouragecollaborationamongteammembers.(根据汉语提示完成句子)63．Theteacherexplainedthemathproblem(详细地),ensuringthateverystudentunderstoodit.(根据汉语提示完成句子)64．Losingacompetitioncanbediscouraging,butit'sessentialnotto(泄气)andkeeppushingforward.（根据汉语提示完成句子）65．Thestore(挤满了)customersduringtheholidaysale.(根据汉语提示完成句子)七、书面表达(满分20分)66．假定你是李华，近期你校举办了迎新春系列活动。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括：1.活动地点；2.活动概况(如写春联、包饺子)；3.活动意义。注意：1.词数100词左右；2.标题自拟，不计入总词数。春联SpringFestivalcouplets

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者小时候喜欢在晚上给父亲清理梳子，后来爸爸想要让家庭生活变得更好，因此辞职创业，和作者的关系也疏远了，后来作者长大了找到了一份工作最终理解了父亲。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。1．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Atagefivethistaskbroughtmesuchjoy.Iwouldexcitedlyturnthetapon,andthenbrushthecombwithausedtoothbrushashardasIcould.Satisfiedwithmyjob,IwouldproudlyreturnittoDad."五岁的时候，这项任务给我带来了极大的快乐。我会兴奋地打开水龙头，然后用用过的牙刷尽可能用力地刷梳子。我对自己的工作感到满意，会自豪地把它还给爸爸。可知，作者很认真对待清理梳子。故选B。2．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Someofmyearliestmemoriesinvolvesittingwithmydadinhisstudyeverynightwhenhecamehome."我最早的一些记忆是每天晚上爸爸回家时和他坐在书房里；以及第二段中的"Hedidn'tcomehomeasmuchasheusedto.Andwhenhedid,itwasalwayslateandI'dalreadybeinbed.Istartedtogetmad.Whydidn'thelistentoMumandjuststicktohisoldjob?Overtheyears,Istoppedspendingmynightswithhim."他不像以前那样经常回家。当他回家的时候，总是很晚，而我已经在床上了。我开始生气了。他为什么不听妈妈的话，只干他原来的工作？这些年来，我不再和他一起过夜了。可知，作者和父亲的日常生活发生了变化，这让作者很不高兴。故选A。3．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"IpassthecleancombbacktoDad.Helooksatitandsmiles.Butthistime,Inoticesomethingdifferent.Mydadhasaged.Hehaswrinklesnexttohiseyeswhenhesmiles,yethissmileisstillheartwarming.Thesmileofafatherwhojustwantsagoodlifeforhisfamily."我把干净的梳子还给爸爸。他看着它笑了。但这一次，我注意到了一些不同的东西。我爸爸老了。当他微笑的时候，他的眼睛旁边有皱纹，但他的笑容仍然很温暖。一个只想让家人过上好日子的父亲的微笑；以及最后一段"Dadcarefullyplaceshiscombontopofhiswallet.Thesameoldjadegreencomb.Iguesssomethingsneverchange.Andforthat,I'mglad."爸爸小心翼翼地把梳子放在钱包上。还是那把古老的玉绿色梳子。我想有些事情永远不会改变。为此，我很高兴。可知，作者最后意识到了父亲对家庭和对自己不变的爱，从而改变了自己的态度。故选C。【答案】4．C5．D6．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了两极分化思维。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。4．考查推理判断。根据第一段"ManyChinesesportsfanslastmonthfeltfrustratedwhentheChinawomen'snationalfootballteamfailedtoqualifyfortheParisOlympicGames.TherewasthetypicalrollercoasterofemotionalreactionswiththeusualtalkingheadsonsocialmediashoutingforthechiefcoachShuiQingxiatobefired.Similarly,attheHangzhouAsianGames,ChinesenationalteamathleteWuYannicameunderattackforhavingbeendisqualifiedbecauseofafalsestart.Facingpressure,shehadtopostanopenlettertodeeplyapologizetoallher‘friends.'"上个月，当中国女足未能获得参加巴黎奥运会的资格时，许多中国体育迷感到沮丧。人们的情绪反应像过山车一样起伏不定，社交媒体上的一些名人大声疾呼，要求解雇主教练水庆霞。同样，在杭州亚运会上，中国国家队运动员吴燕妮因抢跑被取消资格而受到抨击。迫于压力，她不得不发表公开信，向所有"朋友"深表歉意；以及第二段中"Unfortunately,thisphenomenonofpolarizedthinking,alsoreferredtoasblack-and-whitethinking,isbynomeansuniquetotheworldofcompetitivesports"不幸的是，这种两极分化的思维现象，也被称为黑白思维，绝不是竞技体育世界所独有的。可知，第一段提到两人是为了提出两极分化思维的话题，接着文章围绕这种现象进行进一步的解释。故选C。5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Whatifyouwereverbally(口头上地)attackedbythosepolarizedtypes?Aneffectivewaytodealwithitistoapplythetechniqueofsummarization:"Sowhatyou'resayingis...Isthatcorrect?Couldyoubemorespecific?"如果你被那些两极分化的人口头攻击怎么办？一个有效的处理方法是运用总结的技巧："所以你说的是……对吗？你能说得更具体一点吗？"可知，作者建议可以要求持有极化类型思想的人提供额外的细节来支持他们的观点。故选D。6．考查标题归纳。根据第二段中的"Unfortunately,thisphenomenonofpolarizedthinking,alsoreferredtoasblack-and-whitethinking,isbynomeansuniquetotheworldofcompetitivesports"不幸的是，这种两极分化的思维现象，也被称为黑白思维，绝不是竞技体育世界所独有的。可知，第一段提出两极分化思维的话题，第二段进一步提出这种现象不限于体育方面，接着文章围绕这种现象进行进一步解释原因，进而进一步就如何超越黑白思维提出建议。"世界是黑的还是白的？"适合做文章标题。故选C。【答案】7．B8．D9．D10．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，地球正陷入困境，燃油汽车禁令可能会有所帮助。加利福尼亚州八月份宣布禁止燃油汽车，其他州也要效仿，但是人们的反应不一。文章主要介绍了加利福尼亚州实施这一禁令的原因以及执行该法规所面临的困难。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。7．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"That'swhywhenCaliforniaannouncedagas-carbaninAugustaridotherstatessuggestedthey'dfollowsuit,therewasamixedresponse."这就是为什么当加利福尼亚州八月份宣布禁止燃油汽车并且其他州建议他们要效仿时，人们的反应不一。可知，人们对于汽油车禁令的态度不一。故选B。8．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"WhyisCaliforniabanninggascars?It'sallabouttheenvironment.MorethanhalfofCalifornia'scarbonpollutioncomesfromthetransportationsector,andeliminatingICEvehiclesisacriticalfirststepin,addressingtheclimatecrisis."加州为何禁止燃油汽车？这都是关于环境的。加州一半以上的碳污染来自交通运输部门，消除内燃机汽车是解决气候危机的关键第一步。可知，加州决定禁止燃油汽车是为了缓解严重的气候危机。故选D。9．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Forexample,electricvehicles(EVs)alsodon'tgetasmanymilespercharge,makingthemdifficultforlong-distancetripsandstateswithfewchargingstations.Relatedtothat,thecountryneedsmorepublicchargingstations.But,ofcourse,thebiggestbarriertomorepeoplegettingexcitedaboutelectricvehiclesisprice,whichiscurrentlyhigherthantraditionalvehiclesduetotheirexpensivebatteries."例如，电动汽车(EV)每次充电行驶的里程数也较少，这使得它们难以进行长途旅行和充电站很少的州。与此相关的是，该国需要更多的公共充电站。但是，当然，让更多人对电动汽车感兴趣的最大障碍是价格，由于电池昂贵，目前电动汽车的价格高于传统汽车。可知，电动汽车的缺点是每次充电的里程数有限，充电站有限，且目前价格较高。D项"更多碳污染。"不符合，故选D。10．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Theplanetisintrouble,andagas-carbanjustmighthelp.Buthowwillitaffectyou?Carsarenotsmallinvestments.Theymakeabigimpactonourwallets—butalsoontheenvironment.That'swhywhenCaliforniaannouncedagas-carbaninAugustaridotherstatessuggestedthey'dfollowsuit,therewasamixedresponse."地球正陷入困境，燃油汽车禁令可能会有所帮助。但它会对你产生什么影响呢？汽车不是一笔小投资。它们对我们的钱包产生巨大影响，同时也对环境产生巨大影响。这就是为什么当加利福尼亚州八月份宣布禁止燃油汽车并且其他州建议他们效仿时，人们的反应不一。可知，地球正陷入困境，燃油汽车禁令可能会有所帮助。加利福尼亚州八月份宣布禁止燃油汽车，其他州也要效仿，但是人们的反应不一。文章主要介绍了加利福尼亚州实施这一禁令的原因以及执行该法规所面临的困难，这是介绍一项政策法规。可推知，文章可能选自一本杂志。故选A。【答案】11．C；12．D；13．F；14．A；15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就如何让和家人在一起的时间更愉快、更充实提出建议。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。11．根据空后"Fortunately,therearelotsofconcretestepsyoucantaketomakeyourtimewithyourfamilymoreenjoyableandfulfilling."幸运的是，有很多具体的措施可以让你和家人在一起的时间更愉快、更充实。可推知，上文中会提到处理家庭关系的难处，C.However,navigatingfamilyrelationshipsrequirespatience,understanding,andeffectivecommunication."然而，驾驭家庭关系需要耐心、理解和有效的沟通。"提出驾驭家庭关系需要耐心、理解和有效的沟通，并不容易，且与空后"therearelotsofconcretestepsyoucantake..."才是幸运的事情，上下文语意连贯。故选C。12．根据空前"Parentsworkandkidshaveafter-schoolactivities,soit'stoughtohavebreakfastanddinnertogethereveryday.However,doyourbesttoeattogetherasoftenaspossible."父母要工作，孩子们有课外活动，所以每天一起吃早餐和晚餐很难。但是，尽可能多地在一起吃饭。提出无论再忙，一家人都要尽可能多地在一起吃饭，D.Familymealsareakeyroutinethathelpsyoustayinvolvedineachother'slives."家庭聚餐是帮助你们融入彼此生活的关键日常"承接上文，说明原因，符合语境，故选D。13．根据空后"Forinstance,whoeverfinishesfoldingtheirlaundryfirstmightgettopickoutthemovieyou'llwatchtogether."例如，谁先叠好衣服，谁就可以选择你们一起看的电影。举例说明可以用来激励大家做家务的策略，是对F.Trytomakeitasfunaspossible,suchasbyplayingmusicorhavingcontests."尽量让它变得有趣，比如播放音乐或举办比赛。"观点的具体阐述，故选F。14．根据本段小标题"Avoidcomparingyourfamilytothoseyouseeonsocialmedia."避免将你的家人与你在社交媒体上看到的人进行比较；以及空前"Itcanbeeasytobelievethatbecauseotherpeoplealwayslookhappyintheirpicturesandvideos,theyalwaysfeelthatway."人们很容易轻信，因为其他人在照片和视频中总是看起来很开心，他们总是这样觉得。可推知，看到别人在社交媒体中的幸福生活容易让人羡慕，但本段建议要避免将你的家人与你在社交媒体上看到的人进行比较，A.Remember,everyfamilyneedstoworktokeeptheirrelationshipshealthyandstrong."记住，每个家庭成员都需要努力保持他们的关系健康和牢固。"解释了原因：家庭成员需要去维系健康和牢固的关系，而不是去羡慕和嫉妒别人，上下文语意连贯。故选A。15．根据空前"Giveeachotherpermissiontoexpressemotionsandactsillywithoutfearofcriticismorjudgment."允许对方表达自己的情感，做出愚蠢的举动，而不用担心受到批评或评判。提出要允许家人表达情感和做出愚蠢的举动，不要去批评或评判，B.Whenpeopleexpectharshjudgment,theytendtobottlethingsupandavoidsharingtheirfeelings."当人们预计将得到严厉的评判时，他们倾向于把事情藏起来，避免分享自己的感受。"说明了不要批评或评判的原因，照应小标题"Avoidharshcriticismandjudgments."避免严厉的批评和评判)"，故选B。【答案】16．B；17．C；18．B；19．A；20．B；21．A；22．D；23．C；24．D；25．A；26．D；27．A；28．B；29．C；30．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了14岁的贺曼·贝克勒在2023年3M青少年科学家挑战赛中凭借其创新性发明——皮肤癌治疗肥皂(SCTS)，脱颖而出成为冠军。这款肥皂不仅价格亲民，每块不到10美元，而且具有激活树突状细胞的潜力，以应对皮肤癌。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进