2025届高考英语二轮专题闯关导练50分阅读理解提分练七含解析

PAGE50分阅读理解提分练(七)阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2024·一般高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟卷)]WhygotoMadrid?Theremaybeaslightchill(寒冷)intheair,withtemperaturesstayingaround15℃inMarch,butSpain'shandsomecapitalisslowlystartingtowarmup.Evenmoreattractivearetheculturalevents.AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain'sgreatestartist,Picasso,hasjustopenedinthestudioattheFundaciónMapfreatPaseodeRecoletos23.Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.Laterthissummer,theanniversaryofthedeathoftheRenaissance(文艺复兴)painterElGrecowillbemarkedwithanexcitingexhibitionattheMuseodelPradoatPaseodelPradofrom24Juneto5October.Howtogo?ThewidestrangeofflightsisofferedbyEasyJet—fromBristol,Edinburgh,Gatwick,LiverpoolandLuton.BritishAirwaysanditssisterairlineIberiacombineforcesfromHeathrowandLondonCity.RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted;AirEuropafliesfromGatwick.BarajasAirportis12kmnorth­eastofthecitycentreandisservedbyfrequenttrainsonMetroline8,buttheshortestundergroundjourneyisabitcomplexwithatleastonechangeatNuevosMinisteriosstationandtakesabout30minutes.Thefaretoanystationinthecitycentreis4.50.Theairportexpressbusrunsevery15to35minutesaroundtheclock;5oneway.Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.Aflatrateof30coversmostofcentralMadrid.1．WhenwilltheexhibitionaboutPicassoclose?A．On23March.B．On11May.C．On24June.D．On5October.2．WhichairlineoperatesflightsfromManchestertoMadrid?A．EasyJet.B．Ryanair.C．AirEuropa.D．BritishAirways.3．WhatisthefastestwaytoreachcentralMadridfromBarajasAirport?A．Takeataxi.B．Takeacitybus.C．TakeMetroline8.D．Taketheairportexpressbus.B[2024·广州市一般中学毕业班综合测试(一)]Adrianaputdowntheknife,steppedbackandlookedatherfinishedpainting.Shewasusuallyherownworstcritic,buttodayAdrianawaspleasedwithwhatshesaw.Sunsetwasherbestworkyet!Notthatherclassmateswouldagree.Theirreactiontoherabstractartwasalways“What'sthatsupposedtobe？”or“Artistsusebrushestopaint,notknives,stringandcloth”.Still,shedidn'tcare.Adrianapaintedtopleaseherself,notothers.WhensheshowedtheworktoMr.Marcus,herhighschoolartteacher,thenextday,heshookhisheadandsaidsternly,“Please,Adriana,I'vehadenoughofthis.”AnyonehearingthiscommentanditstonewouldnaturallythinkMr.Marcuswascriticizingherwork,butitwashisfrustrationspeaking.HelovedAdriana'spaintingsandhadrepeatedlybeggedhertoshowthempublicly.Shealwaysrefused.Asherhighschoolgraduationapproached,however,Adrianabeganworryingaboutuniversity.Herparentswouldcoverherstudyfees,butAdrianaplannedtopayforheruniversitybooks,artsuppliesandaccommodationherself.So,thistime,whenMr.Marcusmadethesuggestion,Adrianaagreed.AdisbelievinggrinappearedonMr.Marcus'sface.Thefollowingday,aftercheckingthenewspapersandvisitingseverallocalrealestateoffices,AdrianaandMr.Marcuswanderedaroundthetownlookingforasuitablelocation.Finally,though,theycouldnotfindanythingwithintheirpricerange.Attheday'send,thepairenteredasmallcoffeeshoptorest.Mr.MarcuscouldseethedisappointmentonAdriana'sfaceand,asawomancametotaketheirorder,said,“Don'tworry.We'llfindsomewheretoshowyourart.”Onhearingthis,thewomansaid,“Didyousayart?Youknowweshowlocalartists'worksrighthereinthecafe，”pointingtothepaintingshangingonthewalls.“Bringafewofyourpiecesaroundtomorrowformetolookat.I'mSusanbytheway,theowner.”AfterthankingSusanforheroffer,AdrianaandMr.Marcusleftthecafeinamazement.ThenextmorningAdrianabroughtalongSunsetandMr.MarcusthetwopaintingsofAdriana'she'dpurchasedearlierthatyear.Susanstudiedthepaintingsinsilence,concentratinghardoneachone.Afterwhatfeltlikealifetime,sheturnedtoAdrianaandsaid,“I'dbehonouredtohangtheseinmycafe.”4．WhatcanwelearnaboutAdrianafromthefirstparagraph?A．Shewasveryindependentinherthinking.B．Shewasnotverypopularwithherclassmates.C．Shewaseasilyaffectedbyotherpeople'sopinions.D．Shewasveryconfidentinherownartisticabilities.5．WhatwasMr.Marcus'sopinionofAdriana'spaintings?A．Stronglycritical.B．Verypositive.C．Somewhatfrustrating.D．Alittleconfusing.6．WhydidAdrianafinallyagreetoshowherartworks?A．Herhighschoolgraduationwasgettingnearer.B．ShefeltguiltyabouttroublingMr.Marcus.C．Herparentswereindesperateneedofmoney.D．Shewantedtohelpsupportherselfduringuniversity.7．Adrianafinallyfoundaplacetoshowherartworksmainlybecauseof________.A．friendlyencouragementB．strongdeterminationC．carefulplanningD．goodluckC[2024·福州市中学毕业班质量检测]Braindiseaseresearchcouldbespedupusingasmartphone­controlled“plug­and­play”neuralimplant(神经植入物)inventedbyscientistsfromtheUSAandSouthKorea.Theresearchers,whocomeprimarilyfromtheKoreaAdvancedInstituteofScienceandTechnology(KAIST)andtheUniversityofWashington,designedthesoftdevicetodeliverdrugsorcolouredlightsdirectlytotargetneurons(神经元),withthegoalofacceleratingdiscoveryaboutaddiction,depressionandpain.TheLEDsinvolvedaresmallerthanagrainofsalt,andthedrugsaredeliveredbytinychannelswiththethicknessofahumanhair.Forresearchers,themainadvantageofthenewwirelessimplantiseaseofuse.Theinventorsdescribeitsreplaceabledrugtubeas“Lego­like”and“plug­and­play”，whiletheset­uphappensoveran“elegant,simple”smartphoneinterface(界面)．Forthesubjects—mice,incurrenttesting—thesmall,softdevicewon'timpedemovementandissafertouseovertime.Currentdevicesusedinthisfieldarerigid,sotheycausedamageinsoftbraintissueovertime.Withthenewdevice,scientistscannowmonitoroneareaofthebrainovermuchlongerperiods,andwiththetestsubjectsmovingfreely.“Itallowsustobetteranalyzetheneuralbasisofbehaviourinvariousways，”saidMichaelBruchas,aprofessorattheUniversityofWashingtonwhoheadstheBruchasLab.“Wearealsoeagertousethedevicetohelpusdevelopnewtreatmentsforpain,addictionandemotionaldisorders.”Theresearchers,whopublishedtheirfindingsinthejournalNatureBiomedicalEngineering,createdtheimplantforlaboratoryusewithanimalsbutwouldliketodevelopthetechnologyforclinicalapplicationsinthefuture,meaningonedayasimilardevicecouldbetestedonhumans.TheirinventioncomesafterthreeyearsofcooperationbetweentheJeongResearchGroupatKAISTinDaejeonandtheBruchasLabinSeattle.Theformerspecializesinsoftelectronicsforwearableandimplantabledevices,whilethelatterisaresearchlaboratoryfocusingonstress,depression,addiction，painandotherdiseases.8．Howdoesthedevicework?A．Itlocatesacertainpositioninneurons.B．Itdirectlycuresthedamagedneurons.C．Itdeliversdrugsthroughahumanhair.D．Itdirectlycontrolscolouredlights.9．Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“impede”inParagraph4?A．Destroy.B．Increase.C．Improve.D．Prevent.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthedevice?A．Ithelpstoobservethewholebrainwork.B．Ithasbeentestedonhumanstodealwithpain.C．Ithelpstofindnewwaystotreatsomediseases.D．IthasbeeninventedbytheBruchasLab.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ABrainNeuralImplantControlledbyaSmartphoneB．ANewSmartphoneThatControlstheBrainC．TheDevelopmentinExploringtheBrainD．ANewCurefortheBrainDiseaseD[2024·郑州市中学毕业年级其次次质量预料]“WhenIwas16yearsold,IwasdivinginGreece,butIwasdisappointedbecauseIsawmoreplasticbagsthanfish.”ThesearethewordsofBoyanSlat,anengineerwhodesignedtheworld'sfirstoceanplasticcleanupsystem.Everyyear,morethan8milliontonsofplasticsendupinouroceans,accordingtotheUNEnvironmentProgramme.Itispredictedthattheweightofoceanplasticswillmatchtheweightofallthefishinouroceansby2050.Topreventthisfromhappening,in2013SlatcreatedTheOceanCleanup,anenvironmentalnongovernmentalorganization,andputhisplanforanoceancleanupdeviceintoaction.AfteryearsofresearchanddevelopmentintheNetherlands,adevicecalledSystem001/BsuccessfullystartedgatheringplasticsonOctober2,2024.Thedeviceusesa600­meter­longC­shapedtubetogatherallthefloatingrubbish.Unlikeothercleanupmethods,thesystemfloatsfreelyaccordingtothedirectionofthewaves,whichallowswastetoflowintoandstaywithinthedevice.Aseaanchorisattachedtoeitherend.Thisslowsdownthesystemasitfloatsthroughthewaterandallowsthefaster­movingrubbish,carriedbythewaves,toflowintoitsmouth.System001/Bcanalsocollectwastebelowthesurfaceusinga3­meter­deepskirt(挡板)attachedtotheend.Afterbeinggathered,thetrashwillbedraggedbacktotheshorebyboatandrecycled.Rightnow,thesystemoperatesintheGreatPacificGarbagePatch,anareathatisthreetimesthesizeofFrance.Onceoperational,TheOceanCleanupexpectsafullfleettobeabletoclear50%oftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchin5years.“Itremainstobeseenwhetherthisdreamwillbecomeareality,butitisundeniablethathumanitymustworktogethertoreduceourplasticuseandrepairthedamageourwastehascaused，”Slatsaid.“Wearestartingtoseeayounggenerationthatgetsitandisexcitedaboutasustainable(可持续的)future,butthequestionstillcomesdownto:Arewegoingfastenough,andhowmuchdamagewillhavebeendonebeforewegetthere？”12．Theunderlinedword“match”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”．A．compareB．equalC．measureD．cover13．WhydidBoyanSlatcreateTheOceanCleanup?A．Tocollectoceanplasticwaste.B．TohelptoinventSystem001/B.C．Toprotectthelivingenvironmentoffish.D．Todoresearchontheoceanenvironment.14．WhatcanweknowaboutSystem001/B?A．Itcancollectandrecyclegarbageatthesametime.B．Itcanonlygatheroceanwastewhichfloatsonthewater.C．ItaimstoclearuptheGreatPacificGarbagePatchinfiveyears.D．Itisanocean­cleaningdevicewhichhasalreadybeenputtouse.15．WhatdoesSlatwanttotellusaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Younggenerationscarelessabouttheenvironment.B．Thefutureecologyoftheoceanisdeeplyworrying.C．Peopleshouldworkhardtodecreaseplasticpollution.D．It'squitedifficulttorepairthedamagetotheenvironment.其次节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2024·绵阳市中学第三次诊断性考试]HowtoExerciseExerciseisakeypartofstayinghealthy,butfiguringouthowtogetmoreactivecanbetough.__16__.Alwayslistentoyourbody'slimits,andaskyourdoctorforadviceincaseofanymedicalissues.Importantly,createanexerciseroutine.__17__.Whenyouwarmup,targetthemusclesyouplanonexercising,butuselessintensemovements.Forinstance,walkfor5to10minutesbeforejoggingordoingalowerbodyworkout.Trytoget30minutesofaerobicexerciseperday.Asaruleofthumb,youshouldgetatleast30minutesofmoderatelyintenseaerobicexercisedaily.Examplesincludegoingforbriskwalksandajog,running,cyclingandswimming.Includestrengthtrainingatleast2daysperweek.Strengthtraininginvolvesusingfreeweights,resistancebands,oryourownbodyweighttostrengthenyourmuscles.Forstarters,trydoingupperandlowerbodyworkouts1dayaweek.__18__.Mixupyourroutinetokeepthingsinteresting.__19__.Thatcanmotivateyoutostayontrack.Additionally,switchingyourworkoutswillexerciseyourentirebodyandhelppreventinjury.Walkfor5to10minutesandstretchtocooldown.__20__.Cooldownbywalkingfor5to10minutesandstretchingthemusclesyourworkouttargets.A．AdjustyourroutinetoyourlevelB．Warmupfor5to10minutesbeforeworkingoutC．Ifyou'renotusedtophysicalactivity,startslowD．VaryingyouractivitiescanhelpkeepyoufromgettingboredE．Graduallyinclude3to4strengthtrainingdaysintheweeklyroutineF．YoucandostrengthtrainingathomeoruseresistancemachinesatalocalgymG．Youneedgentlerexercisestoeaseyourbodyfromworkinghardtobeingatrest50分阅读理解提分练(七)阅读理解第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会——旅游——去马德里旅游[文章大意]介绍了去马德里旅游的相关内容。1．答案与解析：B考查细微环节理解。依据WhygotoMadrid？部分中的“AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain'sgreatestartist,Picasso”“Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.”可知，有关毕加索生活和工作的地方的展览会持续到5月11日，故选B。2．答案与解析：B考查细微环节理解。依据Howtogo？部分中的“RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted”可知，Ryanair航空公司经营从曼彻斯特到马德里的航线。故选B。3．答案与解析：A考查细微环节理解。依据最终一段中的“Metroline8...takesabout30minutes.”“Theairportexpressbus...takes40minutes”“Ataxitakeshalfthetime.”可知，乘坐Metroline8须要大约30分钟，乘坐机场特快公共汽车须要40分钟，乘坐出租车须要20分钟。由此可知，乘坐出租车是最快的。故选A。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——人物故事——中学生Adriana的画展[文章大意]中学生Adriana酷爱绘画，她的得意之作是《日落》，尽管她的同班同学不认同她的抽象艺术作品，但她的美术老师Mr.Marcus喜爱她的作品，并一再恳求她公开地展出她的绘画作品，但她总是拒绝。不过随着中学毕业的来临，Adriana安排自己支付上高校所需的一部分费用，于是接受了Mr.Marcus要她开画展的建议。然后他们起先找寻合适的地方来展出她的作品，经过一番努力又加上机缘巧合，她的作品最终能在一家咖啡馆里展出。4．答案与解析：A考查推理推断。依据第一段，尤其是最终两句“Still,shedidn'tcare.Adrianapaintedtopleaseherself,notothers.”可知，尽管她的同班同学不认同她的抽象艺术作品，Adriana并不在意，她画画是为了取悦自己，不是为了取悦别人。据此可推知，Adriana是一个很有主见的人，故A项正确。依据第一段其次句中的“Shewasusuallyherownworstcritic”可知，Adriana通常是自己最苛刻的指责者，故D项错误。5．答案与解析：B考查细微环节理解。依据其次段倒数其次句“HelovedAdriana'spaintingsandhadrepeatedlybeggedhertoshowthempublicly.”可知，Marcus先生喜爱Adriana的画，曾一再恳求她公开地展出她的绘画作品。故B项正确。6．答案与解析：D考查细微环节理解。依据第三段，尤其是其次句“Herparentswouldcoverherstudyfees,butAdrianaplannedtopayforheruniversitybooks,artsuppliesandaccommodationherself.”可知，尽管Adriana的父母能支付她的学费，但她安排自己支付高校书本费、美术用品费和住宿费。据此可知，她最终同意展出自己的作品是因为她想自己挣钱以支付一部分高校费用，故D项正确。7．答案与解析：D考查推理推断。依据第五段的内容，尤其是第三句“Onhearingthis,thewomansaid,‘Didyousayart?Youknowweshowlocalartists'worksrighthereinthecafe’”可知，咖啡店的老板Susan听到了Mr.Marcus说的话，然后告知他们自己的咖啡店里就展出当地艺术家的作品。据此可以推知，Adriana最终找到了一个能展出她的绘画作品的地方主要是因为运气好，故D项正确。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科学技术——大脑神经植入管[文章大意]科学家研制出了一种由智能手机限制的即插即用的大脑神经植入管，它能加速大脑疾病方面的探讨。8．答案与解析：A考查细微环节理解。依据其次段第一句中的“designedthesoftdevicetodeliverdrugsorcolouredlightsdirectlytotargetneurons(神经元),withthegoalofacceleratingdiscoveryaboutaddiction,depressionandpain”可知，该装置可以将药物或彩色灯干脆传输到目标神经元。由此可知，该装置在神经元中能精确找出某一个位置，故选A。9．答案与解析：D考查词义揣测。依据第四段“Forthesubjects...thesmall,softdevicewon'timpedemovementandissafertouseovertime.”以及第五段其次句中的“andwiththetestsubjectsmovingfreely”可知，“won'timpedemovement”与“movingfreely”所表达的意义相近，表示“不会阻碍运动”，由此可知，画线词的含义与D项含义相近。10．答案与解析：C考查推理推断。依据第六段最终一句“Wearealsoeagertousethedevicetohelpusdevelopnewtreatmentsforpain,addictionandemotionaldisorders.”可知，该装置能帮助人类研发新的治疗方法，以治疗难受、上瘾以及心情障碍，故选C。11．答案与解析：A考查标题推断。依据第一段的内容可知，科学家独创了一种由智能手机限制的即插即用的神经植入管，它可以加速大脑疾病方面的探讨，下文具体介绍了这项独创的相关状况。由此可知