专题17 非谓语动词（一）-中考英语语法单项选择题专项突破（原卷版）

非谓语动词是中考考查的重要内容之一，非谓语动词内容繁多，形式多样，很多学生不能熟练掌握，灵活应用。其实，同学们只要从非谓语动词的作用与习惯两个方面入手，便可轻松掌握非谓语动词。中考对非谓语动词的考查主要在于其作用和习惯用法两个方面。在作用方面主要考查用不定式、动名词还是分词；同时还考查它们作某一成分时的一些特殊情况和特殊结构。在习惯用法方面主要考查在一些固定短语和特殊句型中用不定式还是动名词的情况。非谓语动词的作用非谓语动词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。见下表：作用非谓语主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√√考点一.作主语不定式和动名词都能作主语，动名词作主语表示比较抽象的、一般的动作；不定式则多表示更具体的某一次的动作，尤其是将来的动作。不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将不定式后置。1.______isthebestwaytokeepagoodrelationshipwithyourparents,teachersandotherpeoplearoundyou.(兰州)A.Activecommunicating B.ActivelycommunicatingC.Activelycommunication D.Activecommunicate2．______anewhouseisimpossiblefortheyoungcouplebecausetheyhaven'tsavedenoughmoney．(南京)A．BuyB．BuysC．BuyingD．Bought3.Hetolduswhether__________apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion.(巴中)A.tohaveB.havingC.haveB.had4._________isourdutytoprotecttheenviorenment.(白银)A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.Here考点二.作宾语非谓语动词可作动词的宾语和介词的宾语。有些动词只能接动名词作宾语，不能接不定式；有些只能接不定式作宾语，不能接动名词；有些既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，但意义完全不同；有些短语或结构中只能用动名词，有些只能用带to的不定式，有些只能用不带to的不定式，这些特殊的动词、短语和结构同学们一定要牢记。1）只能接动名词作宾语，不能接不定式作宾语的动词只能接动名词作宾语的动词主要有：,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mention,mind,miss,permit,pardon,practice,prevent,quit,stand,suggest,understand等。1.Mylittlebrotherdidn’tgotobeduntilhefinished________hishomeworklastnight.(邵阳)A.do B.doing C.todo2.WhenPresidentXiJinpinghassparetime,heenjoysandsports.(临沂)A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading3.Sheoftenpractices_____onweekends.(重庆渝北)A.singB.singsC.singingD.tosing4.—Whydidhisfatherbuythatphonewatchforhim?（贵港）—BecausetheGPSinthewatchcanhelphimtoavoid_____theway.A.toloseB.loseC.losesD.losing5.—Jackhasn’ttakenhispianolessonsforalongtime.（鄂州）—Heisconsidering_________hispianocourseandspendingmoretimeonhisstudy.A.todrop B.tothrow C.dropping D.throwing6.—Wouldyoumind________mehowtorememberEnglishwords?(自贡)—Ofcoursenot.A.tell B.totell C.telling5.—Bob,I’mnotgoodatEnglish.WhatshouldIdo?(眉山)—Whynot_______anEnglishclubtopractice_______English.A.tojoin;speakingB.join;tospeakC.tojoin;tospeakD.join;speaking2）只能接不定式作宾语，不能接动名词作宾语的动词只能接不定式作宾语的动词主要有：afford,agree,aim,appear,apply,beg,care,dare,decide,elect,expect,fail,happen,hope,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,remain,seem,undertake,volunteer,want,wish等；动词decide,discover,discuss,explain,know,learn,show,tell,think,understand,wonder等常跟“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。1.—Jack，whyhaveyoudecided______Chinesefolkmusicasacourse?(苏州)—TolearnmoreaboutChineseculture.A.take B.taken C.taking D.totake2.Vivianrefuses_______herchildrentotheweekendtrainingcentreforextraclasses.(上海)A)tosendB)sendingC)sentD)sends3.—Doyouhaveanyplacesforthecomingvacation?（重庆）—Sure.Wedecide___________SeachainJuly.A.visit B.visiting C.visited D.tovisit4.Weonlyplanned_______theplayforanhour,butintheend,westayedforthreehours.(天津)A.watchB.watchesC.towatchD,watched5.Thegirlstudentsarediscussing_____thewallsintheclassroom.(宿迁)A.whattopaintcolor B.topaintwhatcolorC.whichcolortopaint D.topaintwhichcolor6.—Haveyoudecidedwhen_____?(菏泽)—Yes,tomorrowmorning.A.willyouleaveB.areyouleavingC.toleave3)既可接动名词又可接不定式，但意思完全不同的动词和短语既可接动名词又可接不定式，但意思完全不同的动词和短语主要有：todo记住做…todo遗憾地要做…rememberregretdoing记得曾经做过…doing后悔做了…todo忘了做…todo尽力做…forgettrydoing忘记曾经做过…doing试着做…todo企（意）图做…todo停下正在做的事情去做另一件事meanstopdoing意味着…doing意味着…todo做完一件事接着做另一件事goondoing不停地做同一件事1.—Thelightison.Whenyouleave,please________.(齐齐哈尔)—OK,Iwon’tforget________itA.turnitoff,todo B.turnitoff,doing C.turnonit,todo2.Sometimesyouhavetostop____toomuchandjustgowhereyourhearttakesyou.（湘潭）A.thinkB.tothinkC.thinking3.—I’msorry,MissGreen.Ileftmymathbookathome.(眉山)—Itdoesn’tmatter.Pleaseremember_______itheretomorrow.A.takingB.totakeC.bringingD.tobring4）不定式作宾语，后面还有宾语补足语时，不定式要后置，而在宾语的位置用it作形式宾语。1.Doyouthinkacceptableforagroupofwomentodancetoloudmusiconthesquarenearyourhouse?(兰州)A.it B.that C.this D.its2.TheChinesegovernmenthasmade_____possibleforpeopletolivehappylives.(贵阳)A.that B.this C.it3.Chinesepeoplefind___________ourdutytohelpdevelopAfricancountriesalongtheBeltandRoad(一带一路).(黄石)A.itB.thisC.thatD.these考点三.作表语不定式、动名词和分词都可以作表语，但动名词作表语基本上不考，所以在此我们只讲讲不定式和分词作表语的情况。不定式作表语一般解释或说明主语的内容；现在分词作表语主要表示主动，过去分词表示被动。特别要记住一些动词如amaze,surprise，interest，excite，puzzle，disappoint，astonish，encourage，shock，move,tire,bore的现在分词和过去分词作表语的特点，一般情况下，物作主语，表语用现在分词，人作主语，表语用过去分词。1.Herwishis__________anengineer.（济南）A.becomingB.becomeC.tobecomeD.beingcome2.Hisdreamis_________researchersfindamethodforhisdisease.（白银）A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helped3.Thedoorremained_________whenhecameagain.（德阳）A.lockB.tolockC.lockingD.locked4.—Youlookpale.（广安）—Ifeelalittle______.A.tireB.tiredC.tiringD.tiresome5.Itisbelievedthatifabookis_______，itwillsurely_________thereaders.（来宾）A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterestedC.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest巩固练习：1.—Ididn’thearyoucomeinjustnow.(乐山)—That’sgood.Itried______thebabyup.A.towake B.nottowake C.waking2.—Wouldyoumind______here?(龙东)—Ofcoursenot.I’ll_____mycigaretteatonce.A.notsmoking;putawayB.notsmoking;putout C.nottosmoking;putoff2.Cindy’sgrandmotherislearningthenewmobilephone.(临沂)A.useB.usesC.usedD.touse4.Aftertwohours’drive,thedriverdecided_______andhavearest(海南)A.stop B.tostop C.stopping5.Ouraimis________them，nottoteachthemalesson.A.helpB.helpingC.tohelpD.helped6.—Jack,rememberoffthelightswhenthehome.(黄石)—OK,Iwon’tforget,mom.A.turning;leavingB.toturn;leaveC.turning;leftD.toturn;leaving7.—TheTVinyourroomisstillon.（青海）—Oh,Iforgot______.A.turningiton B.turningitoff C.toturnitoff8.AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot_____________frommyfriends.A.separatedB.separateC.separatingD.separates9.Daveisagoodboyandhealwaysfinishes________hishomeworkontime.(重庆)A.do B.did C.does D.doing10.Thespeechwasso________thattheywereall________.A