2020-2021学年高中英语-Unit-4-Amazing-art素养练习外研版必修第三册

2020-2021学年高中英语Unit4Amazingart素养练习外研版必修第三册2020-2021学年高中英语Unit4Amazingart素养练习外研版必修第三册PAGE24-2020-2021学年高中英语Unit4Amazingart素养练习外研版必修第三册2020-2021学年高中英语Unit4Amazingart素养练习外研版必修第三册年级：姓名：单元素养评价(四)Unit4(120分钟150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text1M:Oh,Mom.Whydidyouwakeupsoearly?Youcan’tbetakingustoschoolalready.①Schooldoesn’tstartuntilaquartertoseven.W:I’mnottakingyoutoschool.Actually,you’reskippingschooltoday.1.Whendoesschoolstart?A.At6:35.B.At6:45.C.At7:15.答案:BText2M:Hello,Jess.W:Hi,Max.Welcome.②Wouldyoulikesomecoffeeandcake?M:②Didyoumakeit?W:②Yes,Idid.Clairemadethesecookies.See,thesugarcookiesareallintheshapeofanEasteregg.2.Whomadethecake?A.Jess. B.Max. C.Claire.答案:AText3M:Mum,haveyouseenmyschoolbag?W:It’shanginguphere,withthecoats.Imoveditbecauseitwasonthekitchentable.③Tom,remembertoleaveitinthelivingroomwhenyoucomehomefromschool.Thenitwon’tbeinmyway.3.Whatdoesthewomanasktheboytodoafterschool?A.Putawayhisschoolbag.B.Movethekitchentable.C.Hanguphiscoat.答案:AText4M:Ihaven’tseenLindaRiveraforalongtime.Hasshebeenawayonaholiday?W:Oh,youhaven’theard.④Shesetupherowntravelagency.4.WhatdoweknowaboutLindaRivera?A.Shewenttravelling.B.Shestartedacompany.C.Shewasfired.答案:BText5M:That’squitealotofbooksyou’recarrying.Letmehelpyouwiththose.W:I’mjustgoingtoputthemonthedeskjustaroundthecorner.⑤Ishallbeabletomanagewithouthelp.Thanksanyway.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedoesn’tneedtheman’shelp.B.Sheexpectsthemantomovethedesk.C.Shewantstoremovethebookfromthedesk.答案:A第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text6W:Hey,whereiseverybody?M:⑥TheytookBentothepark.Wherehaveyoubeen?W:Sorry,I’mlate.IpickedupthecakeandittookmelongerthanIexpected.⑦Whenwillthepartystart?M:Beninvitedeightchildrenfromschool.Andthey’llarriveatabout2intheafternoon.W:OK.ThenI’llputthecandlesonthecakeandleaveitinthekitchenandthenI’llcomeandhelpsetthetable.6.WhereisBen?A.Inthekitchen. B.Atschool.C.Inthepark.答案:C7.Whatwillthechildrendointheafternoon?A.Helpsetthetable. B.Haveaparty.C.Dotheirhomework.答案:B听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。Text7M:Tracey,Iwantsomenewshoesforthepartytonight.Shallwegoandbuysomelater?W:OK,⑧butIpromisedtohelpmygranddadwashhiscartoday.M:Whydon’tyoudothatimmediately?We’llgoassoonasyou’refinished.W:OK.AndIsupposeIcandomyhomeworkwhenwegetback.I’msurelydoingthatbeforewegototheparty—⑨Idon’twanttodoittomorrow!M:Yeah,⑨Idon’tlikedoingittillthelastdayoftheweekend,either.SoIfinishedallmyhomeworkafterschoolyesterday.8.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Washacar. B.Goshopping.C.Doherhomework.答案:A9.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.答案:B听第8段材料,回答第10～12题。Text8W:JuliaandIaredrivingdowntownthisafternoon.Wanttocome,Tom?M:Thanks,Cathy.⑩ButI’vegottostudy.I’mwaybehindinmaths.W:Well,inthatcase,isthereanythingwecangetforyou?M:Gee,QUOTE⑪IleftmywatchatGilson’stheotherday.Itshouldbereadybynow.W:I’dbegladtopickitup.M:Well,Cathy,nowthatIthinkaboutit,I’vegotsomethingelsetododowntown.Ihavetobuysomethingatthesupermarket.MaybeI’dbettergowithyou.W:We’llbeleavingfromtheparkinglot.QUOTE⑫I’mbehindwithmyworksowe’llonlybethereacoupleofhours.M:Oh.Ifit’sonlyacoupleofhours,Icancertainlygo.W:Great!Seeyouinafewminutes.10.Whydoesn’tthemanwanttogodowntownatfirst?A.Hehasnothingtododowntown.B.Hehasamathsclasstotake.C.Heplanstostudy.答案:C11.What’sGilson’s?A.Asupermarket. B.Awatchrepairshop.C.Aparkinglot.答案:B12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shewillbebusywithherwork.B.Sheisleavinginseveralhours.C.Shewillpickuptheman’swatch.答案:A听第9段材料,回答第13～16题。Text9W:Oh,Idon’tfeelsogood.MaybeIshouldliedown.M:QUOTE⑬Letmefeelyourhead...Oh,you’reburningup.I’mgoingtotakeyourtemperature.QUOTE⑭AndI’mgoingtoemailyourbossandtellhimyou’renotgoingtoworktomorrow.W:No,don’tbother.⑭I’lljusttexthimrightnow.M:Fine.Whendidyoustartfeelingbad?W:⑮Ifeltalittleheadachethismorning,butIthoughtitwasjustbecauseIhadn’tsleptwellwiththenewpillowlastnight.Itjustgotworseandworsethroughouttheafternoon.M:Doyouwantmetocallthedoctor?Oryoursister?W:No,that’sOK.⑯Butyoucouldhelpturntheairconditioneron.M:⑯OK.Ifyou’resleepy,thengotobed.13.Whydoesthemanthinkthewomanhasafever?A.Herheadfeelshot.B.Hetookhertemperature.C.Shetoldhimshewasfeelingcold.答案:A14.Whowillthewomansendatextmessageto?A.Herdoctor.B.Herboss.C.Hersister.答案:B15.Whendidshestartfeelingbad?A.Lastnight. B.Thismorning.C.Thisafternoon.答案:B16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Turnoffthelight. B.Findanewpillow.C.Turnontheairconditioner.答案:C听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。Text10Goodafternoon,everybody.Thankyouforlistening.I’mDoctorReid.TodayIwilldiscusstheeffectofsleeponschoolstudentswithyou.Thefirstthingiswhetheralackofsleepaffectsteenagers.Theansweris“Yes”.Manyteenagersaregettinglittlesleepandthereareconcernsthatthiscouldhaveaseriouslong-termeffectontheirhealthbutwedon’tknowforsureyet.Researchersarealsolookingintohowfaralackofsleepaffectsyoungpeoplewithlowspirits.QUOTE⑰ButonestudyhasclearlyshownthathighschoolstudentsgettinglowgradesalsogetonaverageonehourlesssleepthanstudentsgettingAs.Thenwhyaren’tteenagersgettingenoughsleep?It’saproblemthatseemstoaffectallteenagers,notjusttheoneswhoeatthewrongthingsorwhodon’ttakeanyexercise.QUOTE⑱IthinktoomanyteenagerswatchTVintheirroomsorplaycomputergamesuntilverylate.Somestudentssaytheystayuplatebecausetheycan’tgettosleepiftheygotobedearlier.Well,don’thaveanysoftdrinksoranydrinkthatincludehotchocolatebeforesleeping.QUOTE⑲Readingabookyouknowwellorlisteningtoastory,ratherthanmusic,shouldhelpyourbraintorelax.Soyoushouldn’tdoyourhomeworkjustbeforegoingtosleep.Itwouldbebetterforschoolstostayopenforlongersothatpupilscandotheirhomeworkbeforetheygethome.⑳Anotherthingthatsomeschoolshavetriedsuccessfullyistobegintheschooldayhalfanhourlaterandendtheschooldayhalfanhourlater,whichseemslikeagoodideatome,andIreallyrecommendthat.17.Whatcanbeclearlyaffectedifteenagerslacksleep?A.Theirspirits. B.Theirlong-termhealth.C.Theirgrades.答案:C18.Whatistoblameforteenagersnotgettingenoughsleepaccordingtothespeaker?A.Poordiet. B.Lackofexercise.C.Toomuchentertainment.答案:C19.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetoteenagerswhohavetroublegettingtosleep?A.Listentomusic. B.Readabook.C.Drinkhotchocolate.答案:B20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestschoolsshoulddo?A.Startlessonslater. B.Shortentheschoolday.C.Offerclassesintheevenings.答案:A第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEverydayaroundtheworld,thousandsofpeoplewithlittleornoscholarlytraininginarthistorywalkintomuseums.Theymayormaynotreadnoticeboardsthatsharerelevantinformationoftheartworksorartists.Imagine,beforebeingpermittedtodirecttheireyeballstotheartonthewalls,museumvisitorswererequiredtoreada15-or-20introductiontoeachpieceoreachartist.Howmanypeoplewouldgotomuseumsifthatwerethecase?Yetthisseemstobetheexpectationwhenitcomestoreadingclassicliterature.Classicnovelstypicallycomewith15-or-20introductions,whichoftenincludespoilers,assumingthatreadersdonotcometoclassicbookstodiscover,beabsorbedin,andbesurprisedbythestoryworld.Also,apparently,wemustn’treadclassicalone,withoutexpertsguidingourexperiences.However,classicliteratureisinauniquepositiontoshowusthatwe’renotaloneinourpainsandjoys.Bytakingusoutofourtime,classicbooksfreeustoseebeyondthesetofbeliefswesticktoandtoconnecthumanexperiencesthatremainaliveacrosstimeandplace.Whatcouldbemoregrounding(有充分理由的),morecomforting,thanseeingourselvesinthebattles,longings(渴望),andpleasuresthathaveplayedoutacrosshundreds,thousandsofyearsofhumanhistory?Ourpersonalengagementisthefirststepofalongerjourneyofdiscoverythatdeepensourknowledgeandunderstandingofourselvesandourworld.Wemay,forexample,feelforHesterPrynnefromNathanielHawthorne’sTheScarletLetterthoughwedespairoftheworldshelivedin.Whilewe’relettinggoofthings,let’sstopworryingaboutunderstandingeverything.Wecan’t.Itwillbefunifweembracecuriosity,thepleasureofworkingoutamystery,andourcommonrelationshipsashumans.Wecanfeel,forexample,thepowerofself-sacrificeinCharlesDickens’ATaleofTwoCitiesevenwhenwelackfullunderstandingoftheculturalreferencesandlanguages.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要表达了人们缺乏专业的艺术知识以及经典文学对人们的重要性。21.Mostmuseumgoers_______.

A.enjoyreadingnoticeboards.B.understandtheartworkswell.C.sharecommoninterestinartworks.D.lackprofessionalartknowledge.【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第一段“Everydayaroundtheworld,thousandsofpeoplewithlittleornoscholarlytraininginarthistorywalkintomuseums.”可知,许多去博物馆的人都缺乏足够的专业的艺术知识,故选D。22.Whatcanthe“spoilers”inPara.2possiblybe?A.plotsgivenawayinadvance.B.readers’expectations.C.guidingexperts.D.detailsgivenaway.【解析】选A。推理判断题。由文章第二段“Classicnovelstypicallycomewith15-or-20introductions,whichoftenincludespoilers”可推断出,经典著作前言部分提供的是故事情节,故选A。23.Whatmessageismainlyconveyedinthepassage?A.Weshouldfindmorefunfromclassics.B.Expertsneedtogivereadersbetterguidance.C.Readingclassicsisapersonalexploration.D.Classicliteratureonlybenefitsafewreaders.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知,即使我们对名著缺乏足够的文化背景及语言了解,我们也能从中感受到艺术的力量,因此,阅读经典的过程就是自我探索的过程,故选C。B(2020·长沙高一检测)JimDenevanisanamazingartistwhoseworkisadmiredbyall,butownedbynone—that’sbecauseallofJim’sartiscreatedonanunusualcanvas(画布)—thesoftsand.Hesometimesspendsdaysworkingonapiece,onlytoseeitwashedawaybytheseaorastormandthatisjustthewayhelikesit.Denevandiscoveredhisartistictalentsabouttenyearsago,whenhewaswanderingaimlesslyonthebeachwithastick.Heendedupdrawinga12-foot-longfish.Sincethen,Jimhastraveledover1,800mileswhilecreatingover600piecesofsandart.Overtheyears,hisdrawingshavebecomebigger,butthetoolsheuseshaven’tchanged—Allheneedsisastick,agardenrake(耙子)andmostimportantly,hislivelyimagination!Justlikeanygoodartist,Jimisquiteparticularaboutthe“quality”ofhiscanvas,sometimeswalkingformiles,lookingforperfectsand.Hislatestpieceofwork,whichisalsotheworld’slargestfreelance(自由职业的)drawing,wascreatedinthedesertsandofNevada.IttookJimthreetrips,eightdaysandover100milesofwalkingtocreatethis3-mileworkofart.Ittookthestormjustonenighttodestroyit!However,Jimsaysheactuallyenjoyswatchingthewavesorrainwashhispaintingsaway.Jim’sarthasbecomeverypopularovertheyearsandwaseventhetopicofadocumentarynamed“Sandman”in2015.JimDenevanisnotjustaboutartinthesand—heisalsoanexcellentchefandfounderofanorganizationcalled“OutstandingintheField”,whosemottoistocelebratefoodatitssource.Accordingly,groupdiningeventsareheldoutdoorsonfarms,withthedinersbeingtreatedtoadeliciousmeal.Theevents,whichareheldindifferentfarmsthroughoutAmerica,arealwayssoldouttheminutethescheduleisannounced.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了JimDenevan这位令人惊叹的艺术家的成名过程。24.WhatdoweknowaboutDenevan?A.Heusedtobeachef.B.Hehasatalentforcreatingsandart.C.Heputshisworkonshowregularly.D.Heshowedartistictalentsataveryyoungage.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Denevandiscoveredhisartistictalentsabouttenyearsago,whenhewaswanderingaimlesslyonthebeachwithastick.可知Denevan年轻的时候就展现出了艺术天分。25.Itcanbelearntfromthepassagethat_______.

A.DenevanwalksalottocompletehisworkB.itisnothardforDenevantofindsuitablesandtodrawonC.itusuallytakeslongforthestormtodestroyDenevan’sworkD.Denevanisveryparticularabouthisdrawingtools【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Sincethen,Jimhastraveledover1,800mileswhilecreatingover600piecesofsandart.可知吉姆走了1800多英里,创作了600多件沙子艺术品。故选A。26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDenevan?A.Generous. B.Kind-hearted.C.Imaginative. D.Traditional.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Allheneedsisastick,agardenrakeandmostimportantly,hislivelyimagination!可知Denevan是个想象力丰富的人。27.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Denevanloseshisinterestinartsoon.B.Denevanisalsopopularasachef.C.BeingahappychefisDenevan’sfinalgoalinlife.D.Denevan’sfamehelpshimwithhischefjob.【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据最后一段第二句JimDenevanisnotjustaboutartinthesand—heisalsoanexcellentchef以及下文内容可知JimDenevan不仅仅是一个艺术家,他还是一个出色的厨师,故最后一段主要说明了他也是一个受欢迎的厨师。CInacountryknownforhigh-techambitionsandgiantstate-ownedfirms,theplightofstreethawkersmayseeminsignificant.ButinChinathesedays,peoplelikeShuiJin,anoldladyridingawoodencartfilledwithfruit,areinthespotlight.Facedwithrisingunemployment,officialshaveconcludedthatpavementstandscanhelpsolvetheeconomy’sproblems.ShuiJin,whousedtofacethedangerofheavyfines,maysellherfruitwithmoreconfidenceassheslowlymakesherwaythroughthenarrowlanesofSuzhou.Herfamilyneedsthemoney.Bothherdaughters-in-lawrecentlylosttheirjobs,amongthetensofmillionsinChinahurtbytheCOVID-19outbreak.Thegovernment’ssupportforstreethawkersissomethingofanabout-turn.ForyearsMunicipalauthoritiespushedouthawkers,tryingtotidyupthecolourfulchaosthatoncecharacterizedChina’scities.Inthenameof“civilizing”urbanlife,theywantedtoseedumplings,plastictoysandT-shirtsboughtinsideshoppingmalls,notsoldfromthebackofcarts.ButonJune1stLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,signalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.“Onlywhenthepeopleareingoodshapecanthenationbeingoodshape,”hesaid.

MrLi’scomplimenthasproducedafeelingofexcitementabouttherevivalofChina’s“street-standeconomy”.Atleast27provincesandcitieshaveannouncedthattheywillcreatemarketsforhawkersor,insomecases,letthemmovetheirthingsbeingsoldontothepavementinfrontoftheirshops.TheshiningexampleisChengdu,abusyandnoisycityinSichuanprovinceinthesouth-west,wherebusinessesstartedsettingupstreetstandsinMarch.Thelocalgovernmentthereclaimsthatmorethan10,000jobshavebeencreatedintheprocess.【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。新闻报道了如今的中国,面对新型冠状病毒肺炎导致的不断上升的失业率,官方鼓励地摊经济,并以此帮助解决普通百姓的经济问题。28.Accordingtothepassage,streethawkersinChinausedto_______.

A.cleanthestreet B.beinthespotlightC.runashop D.begivenheavyfines【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中ShuiJin,whousedtofacethedangerofheavyfines,maysellherfruitwithmoreconfidenceassheslowlymakesherwaythroughthenarrowlanesofSuzhou.可知中国的街头小贩过去会被处以高额罚款。29.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“anabout-turn”inParagraph3?A.alocalgovernment B.acompletechangeC.agoodshape D.acleancity【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据后文ForyearsMunicipalauthoritiespushedouthawkers,tryingtotidyupthecolourfulchaosthatoncecharacterizedChina’scities.Inthenameof“civilizing”urbanlife,theywantedtoseedumplings,plastictoysandT-shirtsboughtinsideshoppingmalls,notsoldfromthebackofcarts.ButonJune1stLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,signalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.可知多年来,市政当局把小贩赶出去,试图清理曾经是中国城市特色的五彩缤纷的混乱局面。以“文明”城市生活的名义,他们希望看到饺子、塑料玩具和T恤是在商场里买的,而不是在手推车后面卖。但在6月1日,总理李克强发出了改变的信号。他在烟台市的一个小吃摊前停下,宣称街头小贩和小商店对经济至关重要。由此可知,政府对街头小贩的支持有了彻底的转变。故画线短语意思为“彻底改变”。30.Whydidtheprimeministersaystreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy?A.Theycanmakefewjobscreatedfortheunemployedpeople.B.Theycanmakethepeopleandthenationingoodshape.C.TheycanmakepeoplelikeShuiJinsellingtheirfruit.D.Theycanmakethecitytidyandnoisy.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中ButonJune1stLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,signalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.“Onlywhenthepeopleareingoodshapecanthenationbeingoodshape,”hesaid.可知总理说街头小贩和小商店对经济至关重要,因为他们可以使人民和国家处于良好状态。31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Chinaturnstoonce-bannedhawkerstoreviveitseconomy.B.China’sstreet-standeconomyhasalonghistory.C.Chinahashigh-techambitionsandgiantstate-ownedfirms.D.Chinaisnowfacedwithrisingunemployment.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第二段Facedwithrisingunemployment,officialshaveconcludedthatpavementstandscanhelpsolvetheeconomy’sproblems.可知本篇文章的主旨是中国转向曾经被禁止的小贩来振兴经济。D(2020·重庆高一检测)Foranoldperson,hisbrainmayperformnotsowellasbefore.Butanewstudysuggeststhatsomepartsofbrainmayalreadydeclineinyoungadulthood.Thestudy,whichfollowedmorethan2,000healthyadultsbetweentheagesof18and60,foundthatcertainmentalfunctions—includingmeasuresofabstractreasoning,mentalspeedandpuzzle-solving—startedtodullasearlyasage27.Meanwhile,thedeclineofmemorygenerallybecameapparentaroundage37.Ontheotherhand,indicatorsofaperson’saccumulatedknowledge—likeperformanceontestsofvocabularyandgeneralknowledge—keptimprovingwithage,accordingtofindingspublishedinthejournalNeurobiologyofAging.Theresultsdonotmeanthatyoungadultsneedtostartworryingabouttheirmemories.Mostpeople’smindsfunctionatahighlevelevenintheirlateryears,accordingtoresearcherTimothySalthouse.“Accordingtothesepatterns,somekindsofflexibilityinthebraindeclinerelativelyearlyinadulthood,butthroughoutadulthoodtheknowledgepoolinone’scommandandtheeffectivecombinationwithone’scapabilitiesmaybeontheincreasewithouttheattackofdiseases.”Salthousesaidinanewsconference.Thestudyincludedhealthy,educatedadultswhotookstandardtestsofmemory,reasoningandperceptionatfirstandatsomepointoverthenextsevenyears.Thetestsaredesignedtodetectsubtle(细微的)changesinmentalfunction,andinvolvesolvingpuzzles,recallingwordsanddetailsfromstories,andidentifyingpatternsincollectionsoflettersandsymbols.Ingeneral,Salthouseandhiscolleaguesfoundthatcertainaspectsofcognition(认知能力)generallystartedtodeclineinthelate20sto30s.Thefindingsexplainnormalage-relatedchangesinmentalfunction,whichcouldaidinunderstandingtheprocessofdementia(痴呆),accordingtotheresearchers.“Byfollowingindividualsovertime,”Salthousesaid,“wegaininsightincognitionchanges,andmaypossiblydiscoverwaystoslowtherateofdecline.”Theresearchersarecurrentlyanalyzingthestudyparticipants’healthandlifestyletoseewhichfactorsmightinfluenceage-relatedcognitivechanges.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。对于老年人来说,他的大脑可能没有以前那么好了。但一项新的研究表明,大脑的某些部分可能在成年早期就已经衰退了。按照Salthouse所说,他们的研究将找到阻止大脑功能快速迟钝的方法。32.Accordingtothetext,whatisthecommonviewofmentalfunction?A.Itvariesfrompersontoperson.B.Itweakensinone’slateryears.C.Itgraduallyexpandswithage.D.Itindicatesone’shealthcondition.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ingeneral,Salthouseandhiscolleaguesfoundthatcertainaspectsofcognitiongenerallystartedtodeclineinthelate20sto30s.Thefindingsexplainnormalage-relatedchangesinmentalfunction,whichcouldaidinunderstandingtheprocessofdementia,accordingtotheresearchers.可知对心智功能的一般看法是“它在人的晚年减弱。”33.WhatdoesTimothySalthousesayaboutpeople’smindsinmostcases?A.Theytendtodeclineinpeople’slateryears.B.Theirflexibilitydeterminesone’sabilities.C.Theyfunctionquitewelleveninoldage.D.Theirfunctioningisstillapuzzletobesolved.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中Mostpeople’smindsfunctionatahighlevelevenintheirlateryears,accordingtoresearcherTimothySalthouse.可知,TimothySalthouse认为即使到了老年,大脑的功能也很好。34.Althoughpeople’smindsmayfunctionlessflexiblyastheyage,whatistheirstrength?A.Theymaybebetteratsolvingpuzzles.B.Theycanmemorizethingswithmoreease.C.Theymayhavegreaterfacilityinabstractreasoning.D.Theycanputwhattheyhavelearnedintomoreeffectiveuse.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段后半部分可知,尽管随着年龄的增长,人们的思维可能不那么灵活,但他们的长处是“他们可以把所学到的知识更有效地运用起来。”35.AccordingtoSalthouse,howmaytheirstudyhelpus?A.Itwillfindwaystostopmentalfunctionsdullingfast.B.Itwillfindwaystoimproveourmemories.C.Itwillhelpusunderstandthecomplexprocessofmentalfunctioning.D.Itwillhelpusunderstandtherelationbetweenphysicalandmentalhealth.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中wegaininsightincognitionchanges,andmaypossiblydiscoverwaystoslowtherateofdecline.可知按着Salthouse所说,他们的研究将找到阻止大脑功能快速迟钝的方法。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2020·温州高一检测)Tojokearoundistohavefunwithsomeone.Tofoolsomeoneistotrytomakehimbelievesomethingthatisnottrue.36

April1stisknownasthedaytofoolpeoplewithpracticaljokes,pranksorharmlesstricks.37SomesayAprilFools’Daybeganasonebigmistake.

Manycenturiesago,peopleintheWesternworldusedtheJuliancalendar.38However,whenpeoplebeganusingtheGregoriancalendar,theNewYearwasmovedtoJanuary1st.ThosewhoforgotthechangeandtriedtocelebrateNewYear’sDayonthewrongdatewereteasedandcalled“Aprilfools”.ThisisjustoneofthemanytheoriesbehindtheoriginofAprilFools’Day.39

Thefoolisacommoncharacterinart,musicandliterature.WilliamShakespeareisfamousforhisfools.Andfoolsmakeforgreatpopsongs.Foolsarefoundinmanywords,expressionsandproverbs.Tobefoolhardymeanstodosomethingthataretoodangerousorrisky.Forexample,itisfoolhardytohikeupamountainduringaheavysnowstorm.Ifsomethingisfoolproof,itisplannedormadesowellthatnothingcouldgowrong.40

“Look,Idon’twanttogetintotrouble.Thisplanofyourssoundsrisky.”“Myplanisfoolproof.NothingwillgowrongaslongasyoudoexactlyasIsay.”A.Notevenafoolcouldmessitup.B.AndthatisthepurposeofAprilFools’Day.C.TheycelebratedtheNewYearonApril1st.D.Evenasmartpersoncanbeafoolattimes.E.Butthetraditionremainsthesame—tofoolsomeone.F.Foolsalsofindthemselvesinmanyproverbs.G.Buthowdidthistraditionbegin?【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了愚人节的由来,以及不变的宗旨“愚弄人”。36.【解析】选B。上文Tofoolsomeoneistotrytomakehimbelievesomethingthatisnottrue.与B项承接自然,选项中的that就指代上文提到的内容。37.【解析】选G。根据下文SomesayAprilFools’Daybeganasonebigmistake.可知有人说愚人节始于一个巨大的错误。这回答了G项中所提的问题。38.【解析】选C。上文Manycenturiesago,peopleintheWesternworldusedtheJuliancalendar.与C项承接自然,选项中的they就指代上文提到的peopleintheWesternworld。39.【解析】选E。根据上文ThisisjustoneofthemanytheoriesbehindtheoriginofAprilFools’Day.可知这只是众多关于愚人节起源的理论之一,与E项Butthetraditionremainsthesame—tofoolsomeone.构成明显的转折关系。40.【解析】选A。上文Ifsomethingisfoolproof,itisplannedormadesowellthatnothingcouldgowrong.与A项Notevenafoolcouldmessitup.构成递进关系,选项中的it就代指前文中的something。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mikewas11.Ashisbirthdaywascomingup,he41hisfathertobuyhimabike,sothathecouldgotoschoolcyclingandnotby42orrelyingonhisfathertodrophimatschool,whichwaslocatedamileawayfromhishome.

Onhis43,seeingasetofbookswrappednicelyinhisfather’shand,though44,hethankedhisfather.Mike’sfatherwas45ashedidn’thaveenoughmoneytobuyabike.

Afteraweek,whenMikewaswalkinghomefromschool,hesawaboyridingabike.Mike46thatthebikewastoosmallforthebigboy.47,theboyranintoapostandfellonthestreet.Mikerushedtohimand48himwhowashisschoolmateSam.

Mikehelpedhimstandupandprovidedhimwithwater.SinceSamwasridingthebikefast,hisleftlegandhandswere49injured.Mikeaskedhimtositinacornerandtookthebikeandrushedtoahospitalnearby.

Anambulance(救护车)cameandcarriedSamtohospital.HethenrushedtoSam’shomeand50hisparentsabouttheaccident.

SamandhisparentsthankedMikeforthe51help.Mikeinturnsaid,“Itwasall52justbecauseIrodeSam’sbike.”Headded,“ThebikeistoosmallforSamtorideandthat’swhyhewas53”MikemetSameverydayinhospitaluntilhe54.

SamgotanewbikeandhecametoknowthatMikedidn’thavethe55toownabike.HegavehisoldbiketoMikeandwithhisparents’permission,Mikeacceptedthegift.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了11岁的Mike在回家的路上看到同学骑自行车受伤之后给予了慷慨的帮助并通知了同学的父母,Mike也因此得到了他想要的自行车。41.A.persuaded B.arrangedC.requested D.ordered【解析】选C。根据空后的“sothathecouldgotoschoolcycling”可知,Mike请求他父亲给他买一辆自行车。persuade说服;arrange安排;request请求;order