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专题088BU5U8一轮复习8BUnit5知识点PartOneicstrip1.You’reoldenoughtolearnaboutmannersnow,Hobo.(P64)manner可数名词,此处意为“礼貌,礼仪,礼节”,常用复数形式。常用搭配:goodmanners有礼貌badmanners没礼貌tablemanners餐桌礼仪(2)manner作可数名词,还有“方法,方式”之意,常用单数形式,与way同义。例如:Youshouldwriteinthismanner.2.Second,don’tcutinonothers.(P64)cutin(onsb.)意为“打断某人的谈话,插嘴”,相当于interruptsb。例如: Marylikestocutinonothers.3、Alwayswaitpolitely.(P64)(1)politely副词,意为“礼貌地”,常用来修饰动词。例如:Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.(2)polite形容词,意为“礼貌的”,可用作定语、表语等,它的反义词impolite,意为“无礼的”。bepolitetosb.意为“对某人有礼貌”。例如:It’simpolitetoshoutloudly.Thestudentsarepolitetotheirteachers.PartTwoWeletotheunitLeavethetaprunning.(P65)(1)leavesthdoing意为“使/让.......处于.....状态”。leave后接名词、形容词、动词ing形式、介词短语作宾语补足语。例如: Don’tleavethemachineturning.(2)run此处为不及物动词,意为“流动”。例如:Tearsranfromhereyes.run作不及物动词,意为“跑,奔跑”。例如:Isawaboyrunningonthestreet.run作不及物动词,意为“机器运转”。例如:Theenginerunsproperly.run作不及物动词,意为“掉色,褪色”。例如:Whenyouwashtheblouseinhotwater,thecolorwillrun.run作及物动词,意为“经营,管理”。例如:Theyruntherestaurantwell.2、queueforyourturn(P65)(1)queue此处为不及物动词,意为(人、车等)排队等候。例如: Pleasequeueupforabus.Manypeopledon’tliketoqueue.queue还可用作可数名词,意为“队,行列”。例如:standinaqueue排队等候jumpthequeue插队(2)turn此处为可数名词,意为“轮流,(轮流的)顺序”。例如:It’syourturntoreadnow.与turn相关的短语:taketurns轮流inturn依次,轮流byturns轮流,交替例如:Pleasetaketurnstolookafterthesickboy.Pleaseanswerthequestioninturn.3、Weshouldkeepquiet.(P65)keepquiet意为“保持安静”,keep此处为连系动词,意为“保持(某种状态)”,后跟形容词作表语。例如:Youmustkeepquietinthehospital.系动词归纳:一是(be)一觉(feel)一保持(keep);四个起来(look看起来,sound听起来,taste尝起来,smell闻起来);似乎(seem)变了四个(get,bee,go,turn)PartThreeReadingTodaywe’veinvitedJennytotalkaboutmannersintheUK.(P65)invite为及物动名词,意为“邀请”,invitesbtodosth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。例如:Hesometimesinvitesmetoseethefilm.invitesbto+名词,意为“邀请某人去.....”.例如:We’llinviteTomtodinnertomorrow.Well,Britishpeoplesay“hello”,or“nicetomeetyou”andshakeyourhandwhentheymeetyouforthefirsttime.(P66)shakesb’shand意为“与某人握手”,相当于shakehandswithsb。例如:YoushouldshakeTony’shand.=YoushouldshakehandswithTony.Dotheygreetpeoplewithakiss?(P66)(1)greet及物动词,意为“问候,打招呼”,相当于sayhellotosb.。例如:Hegreetedhisteacherbysaying“GoodMorning”.greetsbwithanod意为“以点头招呼某人”。greeting可数名词,意为“问候,致意,祝贺”。kiss此处为可数名词,意为“亲吻”。givesbakiss意为“吻某人一下;给某人一个亲吻”。Kiss还可作为及物动词,意为“吻,亲吻”。例如:Themothergavehersonakissandleft.Hekissedhiswife.4、Britishpeopleonlygreetrelativesorclosefriendswithakiss.(P66)close此处为形容词,意为“亲密的;严密的”,表示关系或情感上的“亲近”,可作定语或表语。closeto“与.....关系密切”。例如:I’mclosetomyEnglishteacher.closeto还有“离.....近”之意。例如:Thefactoryisclosetotheschool.close还可作及物动词,意为“关闭”。例如:Pleaseclosethewindow.5、Butpleaseavoidsubjectslikeage,weightormoney.(P66)(1)avoid及物动词,意为“避免”,后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式作定语。例如:You’dbetteravoidthetrafficatrushhour.It’snoteasytoavoidmakingmistakes.(2)subject此处作为可数名词,意为“话题,主题”。作可数名词,还有“学科”之意。例如:Mostofusdon’tlikethissubject.Howmanysubjectsareyoustudyingthisterm.6、Dopeopletherebehavepolitelyinpublic?(P66)(1)behave不及物动词,意为“表现”。例如:Childrenbehavedverybadlyafterlunch.public集合名词,意为“民众,大众”。inpublic意为“公开地,当众”。还可作形容词,意为“公共的,公开的”例如:Idon’tliketomakeaspeechinpublic.apubliclibrary公共图书馆apublicplace公共场所7、Theythinkit’srudetopushinbeforeothers.(P66)push为不及物动词,意为“推,挤”。pushin意为“插队,加塞”,是英式英语的用法,美式英语常用cutin。例如:Youshouldn’tpushinbeforeus.=youshouldn’tcutinbeforeus.8、Also,iftheybumpintosomeoneinthestreet,they’llsay“sorry”.(P67)bump此处为不及物动词,意为“碰,撞”,常与介词against,into连用bumpinto意为“撞上,偶然碰见”。bump还可作可数名词,意为“碰,撞击;(因碰撞而引起的)肿块”。例如:Thecarbumpedintoatree.Hebumpedagainstthedoor.JustnowIbumpedintoourEnglishteacher.Weheardabumpinthenextroom.9、Ifyou’reintheirway,theywon’ttouchyouorpushpastyou.(P67)(1)inone’sway意为“挡住某人的路”。例如:Agroupofsheepareinourway.onone’sway(to)意为“在去.....的路上”。intheway意为“妨碍,挡道”。例如:ImetTomonmywaytoschool.Yourhobbygotinthewayofyourstudies.touch此处为及物动词,意为“触碰,碰”。例如:Don’ttouchthethingsinthemuseum.Hetouchedahotpotandburnthimself.10、They’llsay“excuseme”andbepoliteenoughtowaittillyoumove.(P67)(1)excuse此处为及物动词,意为“原谅,宽恕”。Excuseme意为“劳驾”。例如:Excuseme,canyouhelpmewithmyhomework?(2)till此处用做连词,意为“到......时,直到....为止”。用于肯定句,主句中用延续性动词,指动作或状态持续到till表示的时间为止,意为“直到.....为止”。用于否定句时,主句中的动词一般是非延续性的,它表示的动作直到till所表示的时间才发生,意为“直到.....(才)”。例如:Shewaitedheretillyoucameback.Don’tgoawaytillIeback.till还可作介词,意为“直到.....为止”,用于肯定句,与延续性动词连用;用于否定句中,与非延续性动词连用,意为“直到......(才)”。例如:IhadbeeninBeijingtilllastweek.Tomwenttosleeptillmidnight.例如:Tomlikesmusic.Ilikeitaswell.11、Britishpeopledon’tliketoshoutorlaughloudly.(P67)loudly副词,意为“大声地”。辨析:loudly与loudloudly:副词,“大声地,喧闹地”,给人以吵闹、不悦耳的感觉,与quietly相对,用法较正式,含有一点贬义。loud:副词,“声音大”,常与laugh,read,speak,talk,等动词搭配使用,还可与loudly替换使用;还可作形容词,“大声的”,可作表语或定语。例如:Whoisknockingatthedoorloudly?Thatmusicistooloud.Don’tspeaksoloud.hitsomeoneorsomethingbyaccident.(P67)byaccident意为“偶然,意外地”,通常在句中作状语,其反义词为onpurpose.例如:ImetTomonthestreetbyaccidentyesterday.Wasteainventedbyaccident?PartFourGrammarShedidnotjointhediscussion.(P71)discussion可作可数名词或不可数名词,意为“讨论”。例如:Theydecidedtowriteareportafteradiscussion.Thequestionisnowunderdiscussion.discuss及物动词,意为“讨论”,discusssthwithsb.“与某人讨论某事”。例如:Youcandiscussthequestionwiththem.Hedidnotexpresshimselfclearly.(P71)express此处用作及物动词,意为“表达”。expressoneself意为“自我表达”。express的名词形式是expression,意为“表达,表情,措辞”。例如:Iexpressedmythankstohim.Youcanexpressyourselffreely.express还可作形容词,意为“特快的”。例如:anexpressletter快信anexpresstrain特快列车Kittywasverybusywithherdancinglessons.(P71)bebusywithsth意为“忙于某事”。bebusy(in)doingsth.意为“忙于做某事”。例如:Maryisbusywithherhomework.=Maryisbusy(in)doingherhomework.PartFiveIntegratedskillsHelpexplainthingsandgiveususefulinformation.(P72)explain此处为及物动词,意为“解释”,其后可跟名词、代词或从句。例如:OurEnglishteacheralwaysexplainthingstousclearly.explain还可作不及物动词,意为“解释,说明”。例如:Whydidn’tyoulethimexplain?Keepus....fromdanger.(P14)keepsbfromsth.意为“保护某人免受......;阻止某人......”。例如:Sunglassescankeepusfromthesun.stop....fromdoing......,prevent.....fromdoing.....与keep.....fromdoing....都有“阻止....做.....”之意,三者同义。例如:Noonecanstop/prevent/keepusfromcreatingwonders.Warnus.......(P14)warn及物动词,意为“警告,告诫”,warnsb.意为“警告,告诫某人”。例如:It’sdangeroustocrosstheroad.Pleasewarnthestudents.(1)warnsb(not)todosth.意为“警告某人(不要)做某事”。例如:Wewarnedhimnottoplaywithfire.(2)warnsbof/aboutsth.意为“警告某人某事;提醒某人注意某事”。例如:Thepolicewarnedthechildrenof/aboutthedanger.(3)warnsbagainstdoingsth.意为“警告/告诫某人不要做某事”。例如:Thedoctorwarnedmyfatheragainstsmoking.4、Whynot?(P73)Whynot.....?意为“为什么不?”,其后跟动词原形,该句型还可以用“whydon’t/doesn’tsbdosth?”,表示劝说、建议某人去做某事。例如:YourspokenEnglishispoor.WhynotjoinanEnglishclub?Whynoteearly?=Whydon’tyoueearly?PartSixStudyskills1、Everybodywillbeluckyorsuccessfulsometimeintheirlife.(P74)sometime副词,意为“在某时”,表示将来或过去的某个时候。例如:Marywilletoourschoolsometimenextweek.辨析:sometime,sometime,sometimes与sometimessometime:在某时I’llvisittheGreatWallsometimethisyear.sometime:一段时间I’llliveherefrosometime.sometimes:有时SometimesIhavelunchatschool.sometimes:几次,几倍I’vebeentothemuseumsometimes.2、risklosingeverythingallatonetime(P74)risk及物动词,意为“冒险做”,其后可跟名词或动词ing形式。例如:Canyouriskyourlifetosavepeople?risk还可作可数名词,意为“冒险,冒风险”。例如:Helikestotakearisk.atonetime意为“一度,同时,在过去某个时候”。例如:Youcanborrowtwobooksatonetime.3、practicemakesperfect(P75)practice名词,意为“练习,训练,实践”。例如:EnoughpracticecanhelpimproveyourEnglish.practice还可作及物动词,意为“练习”,其后可跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。例如:Ioftenpracticeplayingthepianoafterschool.practice在英式英语中,其动词形式为practise,在美式英语中其名词与动词形式均为practice。PartSevenTaskWeshouldknowtheserulestomakesurethatbothguestsandhostsarefortableatthetable.(P76)makesure意为“弄清楚,务必,确信”,其后多接that引导的宾语从句,有时也与of/about连用。例如:ImakesurethatIhaveturnedthetapoff.Pleasemakesureofthetimeandplace.besureof/that......“对....有把握,确信”,主语是人。Besuretodosth主语是人也可以是物,表示说话人的推测,有“一定,必然会”之意。例如:Heissurethathewillsucceed.=Heissureofsuccess.He’ssuretowin.It’ssuretorain.atthetable意为“在桌子旁”,不一定在吃饭。attable“在吃饭”,其结构为:at+名词,表示状态。例如:Heoftenreadsnewspapersatthetable.Tomandhisparentsareattablenow.2、Wearegoingtoholdatalkongoodtablemanners.(P77)on介词,意为“关于”。例如:Thebookisonscience.辨析:on与abouton:侧重论述,较正式,多用于诸如学术报告、专著、国际形势等方面的内容。about:侧重叙事,多用于个人事迹、故事内容、一般的书籍及内容浅显的问题等。例如:Doyouhaveabookontheputer?IhaveabookaboutLeiFeng.3、Aboveall.........(P77)aboveall意为“首先,首要的是”。例如:Aboveall,thefoodisfree.辨析:aboveall,firstofall与afterallaboveall:首先,首要的是强调需要特别对待,类似于especially。firstofall:首先,开始,第一表示次序,相当于atfirst。afterall:毕竟,终究,到底表示一种让步语气。例如:Aboveall,makesureyoukeepintouch.Firstofall,cuttheapplesup.Heisachildafterall.短语归纳cutin(onsb/sth) 打断(谈话),插嘴 shakeone’shand与某人握手 inpublic公开地,在别人面前pushin插队,加塞 bumpinto碰到,撞到inone’sway挡住某人的路byaccident 偶然,意外地expressoneself自我表达betiredout精疲力尽 makesure务必,确信 aboveall首先,首要的是droplittereverywhere到处乱扔垃圾leavethetaprunning让水龙头一直流淌obeytrafficrules遵守交通规则 forthefirsttime首次onone’sown单独,独自sthhappenstosb某事发生在某人身上holdatalk举行一次报告sayhellotosb向某人问好句型归纳adj.+enoughtodosth 够.....,,做某事too+adj./adv.+todosth 太....而不能做某事keepsbfrom(doing)sth 使某人免于(做)某事avoiddoingsth 避免做某事warnsb(not)todosth 警告某人(不)要做某事inordertodosth 为了做某事riskdoingsth 冒险做某事try(not)todosth 努力(不)做某事find+某人/某物(n./pron.)+adj.发现某人/某物......8BUnit6知识点PartOneicstripI’mtrainingtobeavolunteerfortheOlympicGames.(P78)=1\*GB3①train此处为及物动词(也可作不及物动词),意为“接受训练;培训等”例如:Heistrainingtobeadoctor.Weshouldtrainstudentstoformgoodhabits.=2\*GB3②trainern.教练;traineen.接受训练的人,学员=3\*GB3③training不可数名词,意为“训练”。例如:Youneedmoretraining.Willyousupportme,Eddie?(P78)=1\*GB3①support此处为及物动词,意为“支持”。例如:Idon’tsupporthisopinion.=2\*GB3②support作不可数名词时,意为“支持,拥护”。例如:Heneedsoursupport.=3\*GB3③supporter可数名词,意为“支持者,拥护者”。例如:Ihavemanysupporters.It’smeaningfultodosomethingfortheOlympics.(P78)meaningfuladj.有有意义的;meaninglessadj.无意义的例如: Whathedidismeaningful.Hegavemeameaningfullook.HowcanIhelpthen?(P78)辨析:can与beableto 易混词含义具体解析can能,会只是一般性的能力,指“有能力做某事”,只用于一般现在时(can)和一般过去时(could) 可以用来表示请求、允许;beableto则不能可能用来推测,表示可能性,常用于否定句中beableto能,会强调具体事件中有能力,指“经过努力而成功地做某事”,可用于各种时态;不能与can连用;不能表示可能性的推测例如:Theboycanskate=Theboyisabletoskate.CanIein?Themancan’tbeMr.Green.HehasgonetoAmerica.Ineedsomemorefoodtoeatatwork.(P78)somemore意为“再来一点,再多一些”拓展:“数词+more+名词”=“another+数词+名词”。例如:Iwanttobuytenmoreapples.=wewanttobuyanothertenapples.PartTwoWeletotheunitblindadj.瞎的(P79)由blind构成的短语:goblind失明;turnablindeyeto对……佯装不见beblindto对……视而不见deafadj.聋的(P79)例如: Heisadeafman.Heisdeafofanear.拓展:=1\*GB3①bedeaftoadvice意为“不听劝告”Tomisalwaysdeaftoadvice.=2\*GB3②turnadeafearto意为“对……充耳不闻”Don’tturnadeafeartowhatIsaid.3、Whatarehomelesspeople,Daniel?(P79)homelessadj.无家可归的类似以后缀“less”构成的单词:careless马虎的;useless无用的;harmless无害的;meaningless没有意义的;endless无尽的;helpless无助的4、Theycanprovidespecialplacesforhomelesspeopletostay.(P79)providesth.forsb.意为“为某人提供某物”,相当于providesb.withsth.例如: Theyoftenprovidehungrychildrenwithfood.Theyoftenprovidefoodforhungrychildren.简单辨析:give,provide与offer=1\*GB3①providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.=2\*GB3②givesth.tosb.=givesb.sth.=3\*GB3③offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.PartThreeReadingThespecialOlympicsWorldGamesgivechildrenandadultswithintellectualdisabilitiesachancetoshowtheirskillstotheworld..(P80)=1\*GB3①givesb.achancetodosth.意为“给某人做某事的机会”例如:Iwillgiveyouachancetoexplainyourself.=2\*GB3②句中的withintellectualdisabilities为后置定语,修饰childrenandadults。介词短语作定语一般要后置。例如:Thestudentsondutyarecleaningtheclassroom.=3\*GB3③chance可数名词,意为“机会”,强调偶然性。例如:Doyouhaveachancetowin?Youhavenochancenow.TheyincludemanyeventssimilartothoseintheOlympics….(P80)=1\*GB3①event此处用作可数名词,意为“比赛项目;大事”。例如:Howmanyeventsarethereatyourschoolsportsmeeting?It’saneventinhistory.那是历史上的一件大事。=2\*GB3②similaradj.意为“同样的,类似的”,besimilarto意为“与……相似”,其中to为介词,其后多接名词或代词例如:Mywatchissimilartoyours.拓展:besimilarin意为“在……方面相似”;bethesameas意为“与……相同”Theyaresimilarincolor.Mycoatisthesameasmyfriend’s.Thentheyprovidedsupportfortheathletesandhelpedmaketheeventagreatsuccess.(P80)maketheeventagreatsuccess意为“使本届特奥会取得很大的成功”,make+sb./sth.+名词结构,其中theevent是make的宾语,agreatsuccess为其宾语补足语 例如:Hardlifemakestheboyaman.艰苦的生活使这个男孩成为一个男子汉WemadeTomourmonitor.拓展:make后还以接省略to的动词不定式、形容词、过去分词作宾语补足语。Don’tmaketheboycryanymore.Theboyoftenmakeshismotherangry.Ican’tmakemyselfunderstoodinChinese.Hewasbornwithintellectualdisabilities.(P81)bebornwith…..意为“生来具有……”例如:Hewasbornwithaweakbody.他生来体弱。ToLiHai,themostimportantthingisnottowinagoldorasilver,buttotakepart.(P81)=1\*GB3①not…but…意为“不是……,而是……”。例如: Jim’sfatherisnotateacherbutadoctor.Thebookisnothersbutmine.=2\*GB3②gold此处用作可数名词,意为“金牌”。例如:Hewonmanygolds.拓展:gold还可用作不可数名词,意为“黄金,金子”;gold用作形容词时,意为“金黄色的,金质的”。Howmuchgolddoyouhave?你有多少黄金?ThegirlwithagoldwatchisMary.那个戴金表的女孩是玛丽。HefeelsmoreconfidentnowbecauseoftheSpecialOlympicsWorldGames.(P81)confidentadj.此处意为“自信的”,可以作表语或定语。其常见搭配有:beconfidentofsth.意为“对……有信心”;beconfident+that从句意为“确信……,对……有信心”。例如:Heisaconfidentperson.Maryisconfidentofpassingtheexam.=Maryisconfidentthatshecanpasstheexam.Yougettohelpthemachievetheirdreams…(P81)=1\*GB3①gettodosth.此处意为“有机会做某事,得到做某事的机会”。例如:HegottotakepartintheOlympics.Hegottotryouthisnewidea.=2\*GB3②gettosb.还表示“使某人恼怒或生气,影响某人”。例如:Don’tletthemgettoyou.不要让他们影响你。Iknowsomepeopleoffertohelpwithoutgettingpaidfortheevent.(P82)offertodosth.意为“主动提出做某事”。例如:MaryofferedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.拓展:offersth.提供某物;offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.Heofferedsomeadvice.Theyofferedushotwater.=Theyofferedhotwatertous.DidLiHaiwinfirstprize?(P82)=1\*GB3①firstprize意为“一等奖”,当序数词表示名词时,其前的定冠词通常可以省略。例如:Hewonthirdprizeatlast.=2\*GB3②prize此处为可数名词,意为“奖品,奖金,奖赏”,wintheprize意为“获奖”,常常指在比赛中获胜时或有特殊贡献时所得的奖励。例如:HereceivedtheNobelPrizeforpeace.他获得了诺贝尔和平奖。WhataretheSpecialOlympicsWorldGamesfor?(P83)What…for?意为“为什么……?”。例如:Whatareyouherefor?Tomeetmyuncle.辨析:what…for与whyWhat…for为什么……用于询问目的或用途,一般用动词不定式或for介词短语等回答,不能用because回答例:Whatdoyouwantabasketfor?Iwanttobuysomeapples.why为什么侧重询问原因,一般用because作答例:Whywereyoulateforschool?BecauseImissedtheearlybus.PartFourGrammarDoyouhaveanytroubletalkingtopeoplewithintellectualdisabilities?(P85)havetrouble(in)doingsth.意为“做某事费力(或有麻烦)”。例如:Ihavesometrouble(in)workingouttheproblem.拓展:=1\*GB3①trouble是不可数名词,前面可用no,much,some,alittle,little等词修饰,介词in通常省略。例如:HehasnotroublelearningEnglish.=2\*GB3②和havetroubledoingsth.类似的短语还有:havedifficultydoingsth.做某事有困难;haveproblemsdoingsth.做某事有问题;havefundoingsth.=haveagreattimedoingsth.做某事很开心=3\*GB3③havetroublewithsth.某事有麻烦;havedifficultywithsth.在某事上遇到困难;例如:Thegirlhadproblemswithherhealthlastweek.donateblood(P86)=1\*GB3①donate此处用作及物动词,意为“捐献”,donatesth.tosb.意为“把某物捐给某人”。例如: Youcandonatethebookstothechildreninpoorareas.拓展:donate还可用作不及物动词,意为“捐献”;donation名词,意为“捐助,捐赠物”,当意为“捐赠物”时,是可数名词;当意为“捐助”时,是不可数名词。例如:Hehasalotofmoney,buthedoesn’twanttodonate.Theyreceivedmanydonationsfromthegovernment.Thedonationisabout10,000dollars.=2\*GB3②blood此处用作不可数名词,意为“血,血液”。例如: Bloodisthickerthanwater.Thereissomebloodontheground.拓展:bloodtype血型;makeabloodtest验血;incoldblood残忍地;makesb.’sbloodfreeze使某人极度恐惧PartSixTask1、Thedoctorsaysthathehasaseriousblooddisease.(P90)disease此处为可数名词,意为“疾病”。例如: Hewasbornwithaheartdisease.2、Theydonothaveenoughmoneyforsuchanoperation.(P90)辨析:such与so such形容词,用来修饰名词+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+形容词+不可数名词+形容词+可数名词复数so副词,用来修饰形容词或副词+形容词/副词+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+many/few/much/little(少)+可数名词复数/不可数名词例如:Theyaresuchusefulbooks.Heissoclever.Therearesomanypeopleintheroom.Otherwise,hemaylosehislife.(P90) loseone’slife意为“失去生命,丧生”。例如:Manypeoplelosttheirlivesbecauseofsmoking.拓展:=1\*GB3①loseheart灰心丧气Don’tloseheart.You’lllearnEnglishwell.=2\*GB3②loseoneself迷路;沉湎于Helosthimselfinreading.=3\*GB3③loseone’sway迷路,相当于getlostTheboylosthiswayandcriedonthestreet.短语归纳providesth.forsb.为某人提供某物bebornwith生来具有……bemadeupof又……组成leadto导致receivetraining接受培训theswimmingcoach游泳教练giveahelpinghand伸出援助之手achieveone’sdream实现某人的梦想not…but…不是……,而是……droplittereverywhere乱丢垃圾keepintouch保持联系not…anymore不再getwellagain恢复健康句型归纳feellike+n./doingsth.想要某事/做某事,感觉像某物/做某事expecttodosth.期待做某事offertodosth.主动做某事takeactiontodosth.采取行动做某事8BUnit7知识点PartOneicstrip1、Youhavesomepocketmoneyleft.(P92)left此处是leave的过去分词,意思是“剩余的”。例如: Attheendoftheparty,wehadsomefoodleft.拓展:(1)left名词,意思是“左边”。例如:ThegirlontheleftisLily.(2)left副词,意思是“向左”。例如:Youcanturnleftatthesecondcrossing.left形容词,意思是“左边的”。例如:Thepostofficeisontheleftsideofthestreet.PartTwoWeletotheunit1.ORBIS(国际奥比斯组织)(P93)2.Oxfam(<英>牛津饥荒救济委员会/乐施会)(P93)3.UNICEF(UnitedNationsInternationalChildren'sEmergencyFund联合国儿童基金会)(P93)4.WWF(WorldWildlifeFund世界野生动物基金)(P93)重点全解IknowaboutacharitycalledUNICEF.(P93)1.knowabout表示“了解,知道”。例如: Doyouknowabouthim?2.UNICEF(UnitedNationsInternationalChildren'sEmergencyFund)联合国儿童基金会Ithelpsbuildabetterworldforeveryone,especiallychildrenallovertheworld.(P93)1.helpsb.(to)dosth.“帮助某人做某事”;helpsb.withsth.“帮助某人某事”。例如: Theboyhelpedtheoldwomantocrosstheroad.Shealwayshelpshimwithhishomework.2.especiallyadv.“尤其,特别”,是especial的副词形式;especialadj.“特别的,特殊的”。例如:Iamespeciallybusyonthisweekends.Thisisanespecialday.3.allovertheworld=aroundtheworld全世界例如:Iwanttotravelaroundtheworld.=Iwanttotravelallovertheworld.3.Itprovidesbasiceducationforchildreninpoorareas.(P93)1.basicadj.“基础的,基本的”。例如:Everyoneshouldgetbasicright.2.education不可数名词“教育”。例如:Childrenmustgeteducation.拓展:1.educatev.“教育;培养”。Educatesb.todosth.“教育某人做某事”。例如:Ittakespatiencetoeducatechildren.Youshouldeducateyoursontobefriendlytoothers.2.educatorn.“教育工作者;教育家”。例如:TaoXingzhiisagreateducator.4.Italsoworkstopreventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases,likeAIDS,amongyoungpeople.(P93)1.spreadv.“扩散;分布;展开”。例如:Wemustpreventthespreadofthiskindofillness.Youshouldrealizetheimportanceofthespreadofeducation.拓展:spread(spreadspread)既可以作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词,意思是“展开;传播;散布”。例如:Hespreadthemap.Thenewswasspreadquickly.PartThreeReadingDrMa,pleasetellussomethingaboutblindness.(P94)blindness不可数名词“失明”。例如:Don’tgiveupyourdreambecauseofyourblindness.拓展:blindness是形容词blind+后缀ness构成的名词,类似的还有:kindness和蔼illness疾病happiness快乐richness富有sadness悲伤Theplaneisalsousedasatrainingcentre.(P94)beusedas…“被用作……..”.例如:Englishisusedasasecondlanguageinmanycountries.拓展:1.beusedfor….“被用来”例如:Aknifeisusedforcuttingthings.2.beusedby…“被…….使用”例如:Chineseisusedbymoreandmoreforeigners.3.beusedin…“被用于……方面”例如:Ihopethatthemoneyisusedinmedicalresearch.Manyofourpatientscan’taffordtogotohospital…(P94)1.afford及物动词“买得起;能做;承担得起”,后面接名词、代词或动词不定式做宾语。例如: ThehouseissoexpensivethatIcan’taffordit.Shecan’taffordtopayforherdaughter’seducation.口诀:巧记afford的用法:动词afford表“承担”,用法特殊记心间。can,could,beableto,三个“能”字在其前。疑问否定常出现,被动结构就免谈。2.gotohospital去看病gotothehospital去医院(看病人或做其他事)Also,localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations.(P94)onboard“在飞机(船、火车)上”例如:Allthesailorshavebeenonboard.Whenyouareonboard,youshouldturnoffyourmobilephone.Duringmylastvisit,150patientswereoperatedon.(P95)1.patient在句中用作可数名词,“病人,患者”例如:Thesepatientsarewaitingforthedoctortoe.一言辨义:Asadoctor,youshouldbepatientwithallthepatients.=2\#"#,##0.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"2operate不及物动词,“开刀,做手术”,“给某人做手术”应用operateonsb.表示例如:Thedoctorisoperatingonhim.拓展:operate“操作;开动(机器等)”例如:Hisfatherisoperatingthemachine.I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagainandimprovetheirlives.(P95)Proudadj.“自豪的,骄傲的”。常见的短语如下:1.beproudtodosth.“以做某事而骄傲”例如:Alltheplayersareproudtoplayfortheirmotherland.2.beproudof…“为……..而自豪”例如:Theyareproudoftheirson.3.beproudthat+从句,………很自豪…….例如:IamproudthatIhavefinishedtheworksuccessfully.拓展:takepridein…与beproudof…同义“为……..而自豪”例如:Doyoutakeprideinyourjob?7、Modernmedicineisdevelopingquicklyandnowmosteyeproblemsanddiseasescanbetreatedandcured.(P95)1.medicine用作不可数名词,“医学;药”。“服药;吃药;喝药”应用takethemedicine表示,而不用eatthemedicine或drinkthemedicine表示。例如:Chinesemedicineisverypopularinwesterncountriesnow.Youmusttakethemedicinethreetimesaday.2.develop可用作及物动词或不及物动词,“发展;加强”。例如:ModernmusicwasfirstdevelopedinItaly.Youshoulddevelopyourmindfully.拓展:development可用作可数名词或不可数名词,“发展;进展;发达;发育”;developing“发展中的”,developed“发达的”。3.treat及物动词,“治疗”例如:Thedoctoristreatinghimforhisillness.拓展:treat用作及物动词,“对待;看待;把……看作”,treat….as…”把……看作…..”例如:Don’ttreatmeasachild.辨析:treat与curetreat宾语是人、某种疾病或发病的部位,强调治疗的过程,指对病人进行诊断和治疗,但不含治好的意思Thedentististreatingmyteeth.牙科医生正在给我看牙。cure宾语可以是人,也可以是某种疾病,强调治疗的结果,指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病Thismedicinewillcureyourtoothache.这种药课治好你的牙疼。一言辨义:Iwilltrymybesttotreathim,butI’mnotsurewhetherIcancurehim.8、.Butmoremoneyisneededtocarryonwithourwork.(P95)carryonwithsth.“继续做某事”,相当于carryondoingsth.,goondoingsth.或continuedoingsth.例如:Let’scarryonwiththework.PartFiveIntegratedskillsUNICEFraisesmoneybysellingChristmascardsandorganizingotheractivities.(P101)organize及物动词,“组织”,其名词形式为organization.例如:Ourschooloftenorganizesdifferentactivities.Thisisaneworganization.2、Openyourmouthandletmehaveacheck.(P102)check此处用作可数名词,“检查;检验;核对”;haveacheck“检查一下”例如:Youshouldhaveacheckbeforeyouhandinyourexampaper.拓展:1.check及物动词“检查;检验;核对”例如:Haveyoucheckedthehomework?2.英语中类似haveacheck的短语还有很多,如:havealook看一看haveaswim游泳havearest休息haveabreak休息haveawalk散步haveatry试一试haveadiscussion讨论haveatalk谈一谈PartSixStudySkills1.Icouldnotsleepatallthatnight…(P103)not…atall“一点也不,根本不”,其中not通常与主语后面的be动词,情态动词或助动词do,does或did等连用,构成缩略形式。例如:Heisn’tgoodatswimmingatall.Ican’tsingatall.Hedoesn’twanttostayhereatall.拓展:Notatall.”不客气;不用谢”,相当于Youarewele.PartSevenTask1、…soshemadeuphismindtotrainasanurseandattendedcoursesafterwork.(P104)1.makeupone’smindtodosth.“决定做某事”=decidetodosth.例如:Hemadeuphismindtoreturntohishometown.2.attend及物动词,“上(学);去(教堂)”,还可以是“参加;出席;到场”例如:Childrenbetween5and16mustattendschool.Hewasill,sohedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterday.2.Sheisgettingusedtotravellingbyplane.(P104)辨析:be/getusedtodoingsth.,usedtodosth.与beusedtodosth.be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事HisfatherisusedtowatchingTVbeforegoingtobed.usedtodosth.过去经常做某事Theboyusedtoplayputergames.beusedtodosth.被用来做某事Moreandmorewoodisusedtomakepaper.3、India印度(P105)India名词,“印度”;Indian“印度的;印度人的;印第安语”例如:HeisfromIndia,andheisanIndian.短语归纳medicaltreatment医学治疗dooperations做手术trainingcentre培训中心onboard在飞机(船、火车)上carryonwithsth.继续做某事handout分发;发出setup创建,建立preventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases预防某些严重疾病的传播beusedas…被用作……operateonsb.给某人做手术modernmedicine现代医学inhospital生病住院preventsb,fromdoingsth.阻止/预防某人做某事attendcourses上课;参加课程辅导句型归纳1.can’taffordtodosth.承担不起做某事2.beproudtodosth.以做某事而骄傲3.makeupone’smindtodosth.下定决心做某事8BUnit8知识点PartThreeReadingInSwitzerland,thingslikeglass,plasticandpaperareseparatedintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.(P108)beseparatedinto意为“被分成”;separate=moveapart:分开,隔开。separate......from意为“把......和......分开/分离”例如:Let'sseparateintosmallergroups.Mymotherisseparatingthegoodapplesfromthebadones.Someoftheclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothersaresenttofactoriesforrecycling.(P108)sendsthtosb=sendsbsth意为“把某物寄/送给某人”固定搭配:sendaway:开除,撵走;sendfor:派人去请;sendup:发射;sendoff:寄出,发出例如:Hesentapresenttoheryesterday=Hesentherapresentyesterday.MyfamilyandIoftensendouroldjeansandTshirtstothisorganization.(P108)family意为“家庭,家族,子女”,是可数名词。family意为“家庭”时,是集合名词,作主语时,谓语动词要根据语言内容而定,如果作为一个集体单位时,谓语动词用单数形式;如果就其成员而言时,谓语动词要用复数形式。home意为“家”,指某人出生及日常生活的环境,包括住所及家人。house一般指居住的建筑物,即“房子,住宅”。family意为“家人,家庭”,指组成家庭的成员,特别指父母及子女,有时仅指子女。例如:Herfamilyisahappyone.MyhomeisinNanjing.Therearethreeroomsinmyhouse.4、Forexample,wearenotallowedtocutdowntrees.(P108)=1\*GB3①example意为“例子,榜样,模范”是可数名词;forexample意为“例如”,其中的example只能用单数形式,且其前不能带冠词。固定搭配:takeanexample:举个例子;followone'sexample:学某人的样子;giveagoodexampletoothers:为别人树立好榜样。example例子,榜样,楷模使用范围较广,既可指人也可指物。Example没有“模型”之意。model模范,典范,模型指好的或有价值的东西,也可指值得效仿的优秀的人或物,有明显的褒义。例如:Iamgoingtogiveyouanexample.Thelatestmodelswillbeondisplayatthemotorshow.=2\*GB3②allow意
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