高考英语一轮复习小题狂练大题狂刷专题16 阅读理解说明文狂刷20篇-2024高考英语一轮复习小题狂练大题狂刷（含答案及解析）新高考版

专题16阅读理解说明文狂刷20篇基础版基础版Passage1Theterm“oniomania”,whichisusedtodescribepeoplewithobsessive(强迫性的),problematicshoppingandspendingbehaviors,consistsoftheGreekwords“onios”,meaning“forsale”,and“mania”.AlsoknownasCompulsiveBuyingDisorder(CBD)andImpulsiveCompulsiveBuyingDisorder(ICBD),oniomaniacanleavenegativeimpactonyourfinancialhealthandmentalwellbeingifleftuntreated.Atthispointyoumightbewondering:“What’sthedifferencebetweenanoniomaniacandsomeonewholikestoshopperhapsabittoomuch?”Wetendtobelievethatthetwoarerathersimilar.Clinically(从临床上看),however,theyarequiteeasytoseparate.Althoughpeoplewholikeshoppingwillreturnanitemiftheydonotlikeitandstartbudgetingiftheyrunlowonmoney,peoplesufferingfromoniomaniaarenolongerabletomakereasonable,letalonefinanciallyresponsible,decisions.Theysometimesemotionallydissociatefromwhattheyaredoing,makingtheirpurchaseswhiletheyarenotreallysurewhattobuy.Spendingrelievesfeelingsofanxietyanddepression,butonlytemporarily.Inashorttime,theymightbecomemoody,annoyed,anddepressed,andtheirconfidencedeclinessharply.Toacertainextent,spendingmakeseveryonefeelgood.In2007,agroupofresearchersfromMIT,StanfordandCarnegieMellonlookedatthebrainsofAmericanconsumersviaMRItechnologyandfoundthatwhentheypurchaseddesirableobjects,theirnucleusaccumbens—thebrain’spleasurecenter—wouldlightup,indicatingapositivestimulation.Thisstimulationcantakeondifferentforms.Forinstance,somepeoplegetparticularlyexcitedwhentheybelievetheyhavegottenagooddeal.This,researcherssay,istheresultoftheprefrontalcortex—thedecision-makingpartofourbrain—interactingwiththeinsula,thepartofourbrainthatprocessespain.AccordingtopsychotherapistJoyceMarter,compulsivebuyersintheU.S.makeanaverageof156impulsivepurchasesperyear.Eachpurchasesetsthembackaround$81.75,makingforagrandtotalof$5,400peryearandathoroughshocking$324,000perlifetime.Thatmoneycouldhavebeeninvestedinahome,aneducation,orotherproductsthatyouactuallyneedinordertosurviveandthriveintheworld.Ultimately,though,treatingoniomaniaisaboutmuchmorethanjustprotectingyourfinancesfromyourownimpulses—it’salsoaboutmaintainingyourpersonalmentalhealthandimprovingyourrelationshipswithothers.1．Whatdoweknowaboutoniomania?A．Itisanormalbehavior.B．Itinfluencespeople’shealth.C．Itmeanspeoplewholikeshopping.D．Itdescribespeople’sdifference.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“runlowon”probablymean?A．runoutofB．goshortofC．lookdownonD．becomerichin3．Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Whymanyresearcherstakepartinthestudy.B．Howeveryonemakesawisedecision.C．Howdesirableobjectsarewellwelcome.D．Whyshoppingmakescommonpeoplehappy.4．Whatisthebenefitoftreatingoniomania?A．Itisbeneficialtoeducation.B．Itdevelopsourdesires.C．Itkeepsourmindhealthy.D．Itisharmfultorelationships.Passage2RainisvitaltolifeonEarth.However,rainisn’tjustmadeofwateranymore—it’spartlymadeofplastic.Millionsoftinypiecesofplastic,calledmicroplastics,arewanderingaroundEarth’satmosphereandtravelingacrossentirecontinents,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesonApril12.Anotherstudy,publishedinthejournalScienceinJune2020,hasrevealedthateveryyearmorethan1,000tonsoftheparticles—equivalenttoover120millionplasticbottles—fallinrain.Microplasticsareplasticparticleslessthan5millimetersindiameterandcomefromanumberofsources.Plasticbagsandbottlesreleasedintotheenvironmentbreakdownintosmallerandsmallerbits.Somemicroplasticsaremanufactureddeliberatelytoprovideabrasioninahostofproducts,suchastoothpasteandcleansers,accordingtotheDailyMail.Anothermajorsourceisyourwashingmachine.Whenyouwashsyntheticclothing,tinymicrofibersgetflushedawaywiththewastewater.Eventhoughthewateristreatedbyawastewaterplant,themicroplasticsremain,andtheyarereleasedintothesea,accordingtoAmericanmagazineWired.Plasticrainmayremindpeopleofacidrain,buttheformerisfarmorewidespreadandhardertodealwith.Thetinyparticles,toosmalltobeseenwiththenakedeye,arecollectedbythewindfromtheground.Theyaresolightthattheystayintheairtobeblownaroundtheglobe.Astheyclimbintotheatmosphere,theyarethoughttoactasnucleiaroundwhichwatervaporcondensestoformclouds.Someofthedustfallsbacktolandindryconditions,whiletherestcomesdownasrain,accordingtotheDailyMail.Microplasticshavebeenfoundeverywhereyoucanimagine.Fromfishandfrogstomiceandmosquitoes,theirbodieshavebeenfound,onaverage,tocontain40piecesofmicroplastic,reportedDailyMail.Asthetopofthefoodchain,humansareexposedtomicroplastics,too.“Weliveonaballinsideabubble,”microplasticresearcherSteveAllenatUniversityofStrathelyde,Scotland,toldWired.“Therearenoborders,therearenoedges.It(plasticrain)israiningonthelandandthengettingblownbackupintotheairagain,tomovesomewhereelse.There’snostoppingitonceit’sout.”5．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Howmicroplasticsareusedwidely.B．Howmicroplasticscomeintobeing.C．Howmicroplasticspollutewater.D．Howmicroplasticsshouldbehandled.6．Whatdoweknowaboutmicroplastics?A．Theyarelightandcanbeeasilydealtwith.B．Theyresultinbothacidrainandplasticrain.C．Theyhavenearlyaffectedthewholefoodchain.D．Theyhaveadiameterofatleast5millimeters.7．WhatdoSteveAllen’swordsmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Countriesshouldworktogethertofightpollution.B．Theatmospherepossessesthecapacitytoself-cleanse.C．Itisimportanttoremovemicroplasticssomewhereelse.D．Noplaceissafefrommicroplasticpollution.8．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A．Thesourcesandeffectsofmicroplastics.B．Thedifferencebetweenacidrainandplasticrain.C．Thedangersofmicroplastics.D．Themicroplasticsinfoodchain.Passage3Findingamaskwhichoffersyouahighprotectionleveliscrucialtofiltering(过滤)outanyparticlesforalongtime.However,afterafewhours,themaskbecomescontaminated(污染)bytheparticlesandyouneedtoreplaceitwithanewone.See,youhavetogetamaskofferingactiveprotectioninadditiontopassivefiltration.Thefirstruleofamaskofferingyouanykindofprotectionisthatitneedstofitwell.Themaskalsoneedstobecomfortableandallowyoutobreatheeasilyforyoutobeabletokeepitonforasmanyhoursasyouneed.Duringlonghoursofwear,foodanddirtmayremainontheinsideofyourmask.Allthehoursspentinaplacewithless-than-idealconditionsforhumanhealtharewonderfulnewsforbacteriathatthriveonfoodparticlesandmuckleftbehindontheinsideofyourmask.Thisgrowthopportunityforbacteriacouldnotjustbedangerousbutcouldalsocauseabadsmell.Soyou’dbetterhaveakindthatkillsoffthesmell-causingbacteria,leavingyourmasksmellingfresh.Youshouldlookforclothmasksthathavemultiplelayersofbreathablefabricthatistightlywoven,includearobust(结实的)nosewireforyoutoadjustthemasktotheshapeofyourfaceandpreventairescapingfromaroundyournose,donothavegapsaroundthenoseorsidesofthefaceandthatblockoutthelightifyouholdthemaskuptoabrightlightsource.Itisgoodforthemasktocomewithyourchoiceofeitherheadstrapsorearstraps,bothadjustable.Itisalsogoodifthemaskhasdifferentsizesrangingfromkidstoadultstoensureeveryonestaysprotected.9．Whatismostimportantaboutamaskaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Offeringpassivefiltration.B．Offeringactiveprotection.C．Workingforlonghours.D．Filteringoutallparticles.10．Whyshouldamaskhavearobustnosewire?A．Toshapeyourface.B．Toblockoutthelight.C．Toofferdifferentsizesrangingfromkidstoadults.D．Foryoutoadjusttheshapeandpreventairescaping.11．Whichofthefollowingcan’tbeadjusted?A．Thesize. B．Theearstrap.C．Thenosewire. D．Theheadstrap.12．Whomisthepassageintendedfor?A．Kids. B．Doctors.C．Citizens. D．Maskmakers.Passage4OnerecentreportfoundthatadultsintheUSchecktheirphones,onaverage,344timesaday—onceeveryfourminutes—andspendalmostthreehoursadayontheirdevicesintotal.Theproblemformanyofusisthatonequickphone-relatedtaskleadstoaquickcheckofouremailorsocialmediafeeds,andsuddenlywe’vebeentrappedintoendlessscrolling(刷屏).Whatwedoknowisthatthesimpledistractionofcheckingaphoneorseeinganotification(提示)canhavenegativeconsequences.Thisisn’tverysurprising;weknowthat,ingeneralmultitaskingharmsmemoryandperformance.Oneofthemostdangerousexamplesisphoneusewhiledriving.Onestudyfoundthatmerelyspeakingonthephone,nottexting,wasenoughtomakedriversslowertoreactontheroad.It’strueforeverydaytasks,too.Simplyhearinganotification“ding”madeparticipantsofanotherstudyperformfarworseonatask-almostasbadlyasparticipantswhowerespeakingortextingonthephoneduringthetask.Inonerecentstudy,forexample,researchersaskedparticipantstoeitherputtheirphonesnexttothemsotheywerevisible(likeonadesk),nearbyandoutofsight(likeinabagorpocket),orinanotherroom.Participantsthencompletedaseriesoftaskstotesttheirabilitiestoprocessandrememberinformation,theirproblem-solving,andtheirfocus.Theywerefoundtoperformfarbetterwhentheirphoneswereinanotherroominsteadofnearby—whethervisible,poweredonornot.Thatheldtrueeventhoughmostoftheparticipantsclaimednottobeconsciouslythinkingabouttheirdevices.Ourbrainsmaybesubconsciouslyhardatworkinpreventingthedesirefromcheckingourphones,orconstantlymonitoringtheenvironmenttoseeifweshouldcheckourphone(eg.waitingforanotification).Eitherway,thisdistractedattentioncanmakedoinganythingelsemoredifficult.Theonly“fix”,theresearchersfound,wasputtingthedeviceinadifferentroomentirely.13．WhatdidtherecentreportinParagraphIfind?A．Multitaskingisverydangerous.B．Notificationisalwaysheard.C．Peopleareaddictedtomobilephones.D．Peoplelikedoingphone-relatedtasks.14．Howisthetextdeveloped?A．Bymakingcomparisons.B．Byexaminingdifferences.C．Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.D．Byanalyzingcausesandgivingexamples.15．Whatshouldyoudotopreventthedesireofcheckingphones?A．Doanythingmoredifficult.B．Usephonestodorightthings.C．Monitortheenvironmentaround.D．Stayawayfromphonesentirely.16．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowdoWeAvoidtheDistractionofPhones?B．WhyArePeopleFondofUsingMobilePhones?C．WhatShouldWeDoWhenBuyingMobilePhones?D．HowDoWeDoResearchbyUsingMobilePhones?Passage5WhalesarethreatenedbyavarietyofhumanactivitiesofftheWestCoastoftheUnitedStates,includingfishing,shiptraffic,andpollution.Theyhavebadeffectsonwhalepopulations,butarerarelyaddressedbycurrentwhale-protectionpoliciesinCalifornia,accordingtoastudyfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.Thestudy,publishedforopenaccessthisweekinthejournalMarinePolicy,examinesthemaincausesofdeathforninewhalespeciesintheCaliforniaCurrentEcosystem,whichstretchesfromBritishColumbia,CanadatoBajaCalifornia,Mexico.Thewhalesconsideredinthestudyincludegray,blue,fin,minke,NorthPacificright,andkillerwhales.“Wefindthatitispeoplethatdeemfishingcauseswhaledeath,”saidco-leadingauthorElizaOldach.“Butanumberofhumanactivitieshavemadethemodernoceanareallytoughenvironmentforwhalestosurvive.We’reexcitedabouteffortsthatlookbroadlytorebuildhealthyoceans.”Thereportfoundthatmaincontributorstowhaledeatharecurrently,targetedwithrelevantpolicyresponses:noise,waterqualityandmarine(海洋的)rubbish.Butthreeotherthreats-nutritionalstress,diseaseandpredation(捕食)-needtoalsobeconsideredtoprovideamorewholeapproachtowardmanagingwhaledeaths.“Graywhalesmigrate(迁徙)over5,000milesbetweentheirbreedinggroundsateitherendoftheCaliforniaCurrent,”saidco-leadingauthorHelenKilleen.“Throughouttheirjourney,theymustpassthroughalargenumberofhumanactivities,fightingwithchangestotheirenvironmentcausedbyclimatechange.”ThestudycomesastheCaliforniaOceanProtectionCouncil(COPC)aimstodevelopaplanforachievingzerodeathforwhalesintheCaliforniaCurrentEcosystemthisyear.Achievingsuchagoalrequiresunderstandingthekeydriversofwhaledeathsandopportunitiesforpolicychange,thereportsaid.17．Whichactivitywillleadtowhales’death?A．Goingfishingwithyourfriendsinariver. B．Playingwithyourfriendsbesidethesea.C．Goingsailingwithyourfamilyonweekends. D．Throwingrubbishintheseaasyouareplaying.18．What’smeaningoftheunderlinedword“deem”inParagraph3?A．Catch. B．Complain. C．Think. D．Describe.19．WhatcanwelearnfromHelen’swords?A．Graywhalesarefondoftravelling. B．Graywhales’migrationisfullofdanger.C．Humanbeingistheonlykillerofwhales. D．Whales’deathismainlycausedbyclimate.20．WhatshouldCOPCdopreventwhales’death?A．Getridofthepresentpolicy. B．Plantmoretreesalongthesea.C．Knowwhatactuallyleadstoit. D．Findarightplaceforthemtolive.Passage6“Itisnecessaryforustogotoplacesthatstilllookliketheoceanasitwas500yearsago,”saysEnricSala,formerprofessoratScrippsInstituteofOceanography.However,inmostpartsoftheworld,marineconservationisstymiedbyoppositionfromfishing,oil,andmininginterests.Amere7percentoftheworld’soceanhasprotection—mostlyweakrules,andonly2.5percentishighlyprotected.Outsideofthesezones,theocean’sstoryisacontinuingfailure.Afewremainingpartsoftheoceanarethelastwildplacesofthesea—themarineequivalentoftheremotestold-growthforestintheAmazon—stillunaffectedbyoverfishing,pollutionandclimatechange.EnricisworkingwiththeNationalGeographicSocietyandtogetherlaunchedthePristineSeasprojectin2008.Overthepast14years,PristineSeashashelpedcreate28marinereserves,makinguptwo-thirdsoftheworld’sfullyprotectedmarineareas—coveringmorethantwomillionsquaremilesinall.NowSalaandhisteamhavesetanevenmoreambitiousgoal:toseemorethanathirdoftheworld’soceanconservedforthepurposenotjustofsustainingbiodiversitybutalsoofreplenishing(补充)fishstocksandstoringcarbon.PristineSeasworkedwithnativePalauans(帕劳人)togiveanancientconservationtraditionamodernchange.Forcenturies,Palauanshaveusedwhattheyall“buls”,aPalauanwordwhichmeansclosure,topreserveandrebuildtheirreeffishstocks.Overtheyearstheyhavecreated35reservestoprotectmarinelifearoundtheirislands,someofwhichbanfishingpermanently.Salaandhisteamcalculatethata14-foldexpansionofthefullyprotectedpartoftheocean,from2.5percentto35percent,wouldprovide64percentofthebiodiversitybenefitswhileincreasingtheglobalfishcatchbyalmost10millionmetrictons.Eventhatmaysoundimpossible,butthealternativeisawful.Fornow,westillgettochoose.21．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stymied”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Frustrated. B．Supported.C．Accelerated. D．Overestimated.22．Whatsituationdoesglobaloceanprotectionface?A．Protectingtheoceaninfluencesminingmost.B．Oceanprotectionhasachievedgreatprogress.C．Fewoceanshavebeenproperlyprotectedsofar.D．Currentruleshavebeenenoughforoceanprotection.23．WhatcanwelearnaboutthePristineSeasproject?A．Ithasprotectedtwo-thirdsoftheworld’socean.B．Itsetsunrealisticgoalswhenprotectingtheocean.C．Itaskstoprohibitfishinginthe35createdreserves.D．Ithasmadesomeadvancesinmaintainingbiodiversity.24．Wherecanweprobablyreadthisarticle?A．www.newsflash.com.B．www.worldissues.com.C．www.scienceforkds.com.D．www.eco-conservation.com.Passage7IhavealwayslovedtheArthurianlegend(传奇),asthereissomethingquitespecialaboutKingArthur,andofcourseMerlin,myfavouritecharacterfromthestories.DeathofanEmpireisthesecondvolumeinMKHume’s“Merlin”serieswhichdetailsMerlin’slifefrombirth.MerlintravelsacrosstheRomanEmpireinsearchofhisfather,avoyageofdiscoverytounderstandjustwhohewas.EventuallyMerlingetsinvolvedinthefightagainsttheHun’sinvasion(入侵)ofEuropeattheBattleoftheCatalaunianPlain.ServingundertheGeneralFlaviusAetius,Merlinbuildsareputationbysavingthelivesofthousandsofsoldiers.WhenhefinallyreachesRome,hesavesmanymore.ButafardeadlierconflictbetweenEmperorValentinianandSenatorPetroniusMaximusisaroundthecornerandMerlinmustuseallhisstrengthtocarryouthiswork.IfIhadtochoosejustonewordtodescribethisnovel,therewouldbenootherchoicethan“immersive(身临其境的)”.Therehasclearlybeenaseriousamountofresearchcarriedoutbytheauthor.Combinedwiththedescriptiveproseandimaginativestory,thebookreallydoesattractyoufromalmosttheverystart.ThestoryreallydoesfeellikeyouareapartofitasMerlintravelsacrosstheRomanEmpire.TheauthordoesagreatjobofmixingtherichhistorywithestablishedArthurianlegend.Thebattlesceneishandledveryeffectively.Theauthoremploysaveryeffectiveformtoshowthemainfightandthisnotonlyaddsadegreeoftensionandagoodlevelofexcitementbutalmostmakesyoufeellikeyouarerighttherehearingaboutwhathappened.DeathofanEmpireisaveryfinenovel,awonderfullyrichtaleandarewardingstory.25．WhydoesMerlintravelacrosstheRomanEmpire?A．TovisitKingArthur. B．Toenjoyaniceview.C．Togetawell-paidjob. D．Tofindouthisorigin.26．Whatcanwelearnaboutthenovel?A．Itisamixtureofhistoryandlegend.B．Itfeaturesdifficultlanguage.C．Itspeakshighlyofanemperor.D．ItisamasterpieceofMerlin.27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph5referto?A．Aneffectivedescription. B．Along-runningbattle.C．Awonderfulfeeling. D．Awell-knownlegend.28．Whatisthetext?A．Anewsreport. B．Ahistorystory.C．Abookreview. D．Asciencefiction.Passage8HumansareprettyuniqueamonglifeonEarth.Asfarasweknow,we’retheonlylivingspeciestoevolvethehigherintelligence,wearclothes,cookourfood,andeveninventsmartphones.Butwhatifhumanssuddenlywentextinct?Whatotheranimalsmightevolvetohavethesmartsandskillstocreatelarge.complexsocietiesaswehave?Withmoderngenetictechnologyandourunderstandingofevolution,“we’reprettygoodatmakingshort-termpredictions.“MarthaReiskind,anecologist,toldLiveScience.Forexample,wecanpredictthatifhumansweretodisappeartomorrow,climatechangewouldcontinuetodrivemanyspeciestoadapttodrought.Andspecieslivingincoldareaswouldcontinuetostruggletoliveaswell.“Abigthingwillbetheconceptofconvergence.”DougalDixon,ageologist,toldLiveScienceConvergenceisanevolutionaryprocessbywhichtwounrelatedcreaturesdevelopsimilarfeaturesinordertosucceedinaparticularenvironment.Forexample,withtheirsleek(光滑的)bodiesandfins,fisharesuitableforlivinginwater.However,dolphinshaveevolvedaverysimilarbodyplan—andunlikefish,theyarewarm-blooded,air-breathinganimalswithatotallydifferentevolutionarybackground.Onefeaturethatmakeshumansuniquelygoodatbuildingisourskillfulhands.Inordertofillthesameroleashumans—thatis,buildingcitiesandheavilymodifyingourenvironment—anotherspecieswouldneedtodevelopasimilarabilitytocontrolobjects.Otherprimates(灵长目动物),likechimpanzees.ourclosestlivingrelatives,alreadycanmaketoolsinthewild.It’spossiblethatifhumansdisappeared,theymightreplaceus.Butanydisasterterribleenoughtodestroyhumansisalsolikelytodestroychimpanzees,whichleavesanothertool-usingcandidatetofillhumansplace:birds.Birdsareverybrainy.Somebirdscanusetheirfeettoformwireintohooks.AndtrainedAfricangreyparrotscanlearnupwardsof100wordsanddosimplemath,includingunderstandingtheconceptofzero.Birdscanalsogatherinlargegroups,andsomeevenbuildgroupnestingsites.Ofcourse,allofthesearepredictions.Scientistshavesaidit’salmostimpossibletotrulypredicthowevolutionwillunfold.Aswegofurtherandfurtherout,thepredictionislessaccurate.Andit’sevenmoredifficulttopredictwhetheranotherspecieswilldevelophuman-levelintelligence,Somethinkthatitcouldhappen.Others,however,arelessoptimisticbecausetheydon’tthinknaturewillmakemistakestwice.29．WhydoestheauthormentionfishanddolphinsinPara.3?A．ToshowhowdolphinsevolvedB．Toexplainwhatconvergenceis.C．ToshowtheadvantageofthefishshapeD．Toexplainthefeatureofanimalslivinginwater.30．Whatdochimpanzeesandsomebirdshaveincommon?A．Theabilitytomaketools B．ThehabitofgrouplivingC．Theabilitytodosimplemath D．Thecloserelationshipwithhumans31．Whichanimalsmightreplacehumansifaworstdisasterhappened?A．Seaanimals. B．ChimpanzeesC．Birds. D．Dogs.32．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefutureofotherspeciesfillingthesameroleashumans?A．Hopeless. B．Challenging.C．Promising. D．Uncertain.Passage9Bookingyournextvacationtospacewithout-of-this-worldviewscouldsoonbeareality.OrbitalAssemblyCorporationannouncedtwonewstationconceptsdesignedwithspacetourismaccommodations.Oneofthestations,calledPioneer,couldorbitEarthasearlyas2025.TheGatewayFoundationcirculatedideasforaspacehotelin2019.Thegoalofthestationsistorunaspacebusinessparkthatcanserveasahomeawayfromhomewithroomforofficesandtourists.OrbitalAssemblywasfoundedbytheGatewayFoundationteamasawaytohelpmakethesedreamscometrue.TheproposedPioneerstationcanaccommodate28people.Thesecondstation,Voyager,scheduledtoopenin2027,canholdupto400people.“Thegoalhasalwaysbeentomakeitpossibleforlargenumbersofpeopletolive,workandthriveinspace,“saysOrbitalAssembly’sCOOTimAlatorre.Bothstationslooklikeawheelandwillfeatureartificialgravitythatallowsgueststomovecomfortablyoneachstation.Pioneerfeaturesfivemodulesbuiltaroundtherotating“GravityRing”architecturedesign.Touristsmaystillfeelsomeweightlessnessbutwillalsobeabletodrinkoutofacupandwon’thavetobetiedtoabedtosleep.Thegravityworkssimilartohowaspinningbucketpushesthewaterouttothesidesofthebucketandstaysinplace,Alatorreexplains.Nearthemiddleofthestation,therewillbenoartificialgravity,butgravitygraduallyincreasesfurtherawayfromthecenter.WhilethePioneerstationwillbesmallerthanVoyager,guestscanstillshower,eatanddrinksittingdowninareaswithgravity.EachstationisfurnishedlikeluxuryhotelsonEarth.VoyagerwillfeaturearestaurantandsuiteswithviewsofEarth.Asignificantbarriertospacetravelisthecost.However,OrbitalAssemblyexpectstouriststoseekatrekintospaceasspacetraveleventuallybecomeslessexpensive.“WeenvisionourPioneerandVoyagerspacestationsastheultimateecotourismdestinations.Oncepeoplegettospace,itwillchangetheirperspectiveaboutEarth,”Alatorresays.“Spacetravelisstillatitsearlystage,andwe’reexcitedtodoourparttopushitforwardtohelpimprovelifeonEarth.”33．WhatisthegoalofthePioneerandVoyagerspacestations?A．Torevolutionizespacetravel.B．Toserveasluxuryhotelsinspace.C．Toofferauniqueandimmersiveexperience.D．Toenablelargescalelivingandworkinginspace.34．WhatdothePioneerandVoyagerstationshaveincommon?A．Opentime. B．Artificialgravity.C．Suiteswithviews. D．Passengercapacity.35．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A．The“GravityRing”rotatesaroundthestation.B．Thegravityisweakinthecentralpointofthestation.C．The“GravityRing”onPioneerisidenticalwiththatonVoyager.D．Thegravityoperateslikeaspinningbucketkeepingwaterinside.36．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．OvercomingtheBarrier:SpaceTourismBecomesAffordableB．SpaceHotelsontheHorizon:PioneerandVoyagerStationsC．TheFutureofSpaceTravel:PioneerandVoyagerStationsD．OrbitalAssembly:SpaceTourismDreamComesTruePassage10Humansareverygoodatprocessinglanguage.Wejoinvariouswordstogetherinasentence.Attheendofthecomprehensionprocess,thewholesentenceismuchmoremeaningfulthanthesumofitsparts.Someresearchersarguedthatwhenprovidedwithacertainreward,childrenlearnhowtospeak.Ratherthansomethingsuitabletoeat,theattentionandpraisefromparentscouldbeperfectforencouragingtheirremarkablelanguageprocessingskills.Otherresearchersrefusedtoaccepttheideathatlanguageisacquiredthroughtraining.Theyaresuretheabilitytoprocesslanguagecomesnaturally.Almostanychild,anywhereintheworld,canmanagetolearntounderstandandspeakalanguagesuccessfully.Thebigquestionishowlanguageisacquiredsonaturally.Thelanguage-learningchildalreadyhasa“languagemind”,havinganaturaltendencytousetheknowledgeandabilitiesbornwithforunderstandingandspeakingalanguage.Childrencanacquirealanguagesorapidlyandeffortlessly.Theenthusiasmabouttheinventionofcomputersconvincedsomeresearchersthatthehumanbrainmustbelikeacomputer.Itisabletodealwithlargeamountsofdataveryquickly.Languagemustbebasedfirmlyonsomeusefulinformationtobemeaningful.Taketheword“dog”forexample,themeaningforthewordcomesfromthefactthatinourmind,wecan“see”thefour-leggedanimal,mentallyhearitsbarking,imagineitsparticulardogsmell,andpicturewhatitfeelsliketotouchitgently.Thatishowlanguageattainsmeaning.Butwhenconsideringexplanationsofhowhumansaresogoodatprocessinglanguage,weoftentendtole