专题04-2021年云南中考英语阅读理解（阅读选择阅读判断）考前抢分练

考前练04（阅读选择+阅读判断）Part1阅读选择Passage1WhenyoulearnEnglish,you'llfinditnoteasytotranslateasentence,wordbyword,intoChinese.Takethesentence“Getcoldfeet.”forexample.Ifyoulookupeachwordinthedictionary,oneatatime,whatisyourtranslation?Itmustbeawrongsentenceinyourownlanguage.Ifyouwanttogettherightanswer,youneedreadmoreinformationoraskyourteacherforhelp.Finally,youcangetit“Feelafraidandstaywhereyouare.”Languagesdon'tjusthavedifferentsoundsandtheyaredifferentinmanyways.It'simportanttomastertherulesforwordorderinthestudyofEnglish,too.Ifthespeakersputwordsindifferentorders,thelistenersmayunderstandthespeakers'sentencesindifferentways.WhentheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged,themeaningofthesentencedoesn'tchange.Forexample,“Ihaveseenthefilmalready”“Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.”ButsometimesthemeaningofthesentencewillchangeiftheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged.Forexample,“Sheonlylikesapples.”“Onlyshelikesapples.”Englishisaforeignlanguage,whichisspokenbypeopleallovertheworld.WhenyouarelearningEnglish,youmustdoyourbesttogetthespiritofthelanguageanduseitastheEnglishspeakerdoes.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。1．WhenwetranslateanEnglishsentence,whatshouldwedo?A．Lookupeachwordinthedictionaryandtranslateitwordbyword.B．ConnectthemeaningofeverywordwithChinese.C．TrytosayanythinginChinese.D．Readmoreinformationoraskteachersforhelp.2．Ifthespeakersputtheorderofwordsdifferently,thelisteners________.A．canmastertherulesforwordorder B．can'tguessthechangeC．maymisunderstandthemeaning D．maynotunderstandthesounds3．“Sheonlylikesapples.”is________“Onlyshelikesapples.”A．differentfrom B．thesameas C．changedby D．spokenby4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．“Getcoldfeet.”means“Feelafraidandrunaway.”B．It'seasytomastertherulesforwordorderinthestudyofEnglish.C．IftheorderofwordsinEnglishsentencesischanged,themeaningofthesentencemaychange.D．WhenyoulearnEnglish,youshouldn'tgetthespiritofthelanguage.5．Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A．Atravelmagazine. B．Astorybook.C．Alanguagelearningwebsite. D．TheCDplayerinstructions.Passage2Therewasaproudteak(柚木)treeintheforest.Hewastallandstrong.Therewasasmallherb(香草)nexttothetree.Theteaktreesaid,"Iamveryhandsomeandstrong.Noonecarbeatme."Hearingthis,theherbreplied,"Dearfriend,toomuchprideisharmful.Eventhestrongwillfalloneday."Theteakdidn'tnoticetheherb'swords.Hecontinuedtopraisehimself.Astrongwindblew.Theteakstoodstraight.Evenwhenitrained,theteakstoodstrongbyspreadingitsleaves.Duringthesetimes,theherbbowedlow.Theteaklaughedattheherb.Oneday,therewasastormintheforest.Theherbbowedlower.Asusual,theteakdidnotwanttobow.Thestormkeptgrowingstronger.Theteakcouldn'tstandit.Hefelthisenergywasgone.Hetriedhisbesttostandstraight,butintheend,hefelldown.Thatwastheendoftheproudtree.Wheneverythingwascalmagain,theherbstoodstraight.Helookedaround.Hesawthattheproudteakhadfallen.6．Facingthestrongwind,theteak________.A．hadtobow B．begantocry C．feltafraid D．stoodstraight7．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Theteakwastallandstrong B．Theherbwasveryproud.C．Theteakwasveryproud. D．Theteaklaughedattheherb.8．Whenthestrongstormcame,theteakstoodstraightasusualbecause________.A．hedidn'tdaretobow B．hethoughthewasstrongenoughtostanditC．hewaslaughedatbytheherb D．hewastooweaktobow9．Wherecanwereadthestory?A．Inasciencebook. B．Inahealthmagazine.C．Inastorybook. D．Inatravelguide10．Fromthestory,weknow________.A．pridegoesbeforeafall B．timeismoneyC．nopain,nogain D．practicemakesperfectPassage3Wanttobeahero?BettertakeatriptotheGreatWall.Asthesayinggoes:youarenotaherountilyouhaveclimbedtheGreatWall.AndrecentresearchshowstheGreatWallisevengreaterthanpeoplethought.Itisknownforitssizeandlength,traditionallydescribedas“alongwallof10,000li(5,000km)”.ButChina’sStateAdministrationofculturalheritagemadeareportsayingthewallactuallyis21,196.18kmlong.Althoughyou’renota“hero”yet,you’llhaveseentheGreatWallonpostcardsandTVdocumentaries.TheNationalGeographicsaidthatthisgreatwork“isoneoftheworld’sgreatfeats(壮举)ofengineeringandanenduringmonument(不朽的丰碑)tothestrengthofanancientcivilization”.BuildingtheGreatWallinancienttimesrequiredyearsofhardwork.LegendhasitthatawomannamedMengJiangnuoftheQinDynastywentalongwaytotheGreatWallinsearchofherhusband,whowasoneoftheworkerscalleduptobuildthewall.Shefinallyfoundhimdeadbecauseofhardwork.Shestartedtocry,andsuddenlyasectionoftheGreatWallfelldown.Andthere’sanotherpopularlegendabouttheGreatWall—itissaidtobethe“only”manmadestructurethatcanbeseenfromspace.But,thetruthisthatwhileastronautscanspottheGreatWall,theycanalsoseeotherthingsliketheGizapyramidsinEgyptandevenairportrunways.11．TheresearchshowstheGreatWallisgreaterthanpeoplethoughtbecause________.A．itisalongwallof10,000liB．itiswellknownforitslonghistoryC．itismuchlongerthanpeopleknewD．itismucholderthanpeoplefirstthought12．WhatdoesthewriterwanttoexplainbytellingthelegendofMengJiangnu?A．WhyasectionoftheGreatWallfelldown.B．TheGreatWallwasbuiltthankstomanypeople’shardwork.C．MengJiangnuwasagreatwomaninChinesehistory.D．TheGreatWallwasbuiltintheQinDynasty.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“civilization”meaninChinese?A．启发 B．城市 C．市民 D．文明14．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．TherearelegendsabouttheGreatWall.B．It’ssaidthattheGreatWallcanbeseenfromspace.C．TheGreatWallistheonlymanmadestructureintheworld.D．TheGreatWallisgreatbecauseastronautcanseeitfromspace.15．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．HistoryoftheGreatWallB．TheGreatWall’sroleinChinaC．TheGreatWallisgrowinggreaterD．LegendsoftheGreatWallarenotalltruePassage4Embroidery(刺绣)isanimportantartforminChineseculture.ThemostfamousembroiderystylesareSuembroideryfromSuzhou,ShuembroideryfromSichuan,XiangembroideryfromHunanandYueembroideryfromGuangdong.Shuembroideryistheoldestofthefour.ItdatesbacktotheHanDynasty(206BC220AD).PeoplesoldittoothercountriesthroughtheSouthSilkRoad.Embroiderytakestimeandpatience.Sincemodernmachinescanmakecheaperembroideryproductstoday,fewerpeoplebuyhandmadeShuembroideryproducts.Theyarealsoveryfewyoungembroiderers.Sotheskillisindangerofdyingout.Toprotecttheskill,ShuembroiderywasaddedtoChina'sintangibleculturalheritagelist(非物质文化遗产目录)in2006.MengDezhihasbeenmakingShuembroideryforfortyyears.The59yearoldisanationallevelinheritor(传承人)oftheartform.SheusedtoworkattheChengduShuEmbroideryFactory.Butin2006,thefactorywentbrokeandMenglostherjob.Wantingtosavetheart,MengwantedtohaveherownplaceandteachShuembroiderytoothers.It'shardwork.Workersneedtodivideeachsilkthread(线)intomorethantenoreventhirtypieces.Eachpieceisthinnerthanasinglehumanhair.In2016,BaiduinvitedMengtomakeahomepagelogoforQixiFestival.Itwasasmalllogo,butitrequiredtheuseof45typesofsewingtechniques(针法)and35,000stitches(针).MengistryingtosaveShuembroiderybyteachingindifferentuniversitiesandmunities.ShebelievesthatShuembroiderystandsforthousandsofyearsofSichuancultureandshouldbesaved."IfeelthatIhavetheresponsibilitytopassonShuembroideryskillstoyoungpeople,toletitrunfromgenerationtogeneration,"shesaid.16．________famousembroiderystylesarementionedinthepassage.A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six17．What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"broke"inParagraph4?A．破产 B．损坏 C．折断 D．违反18．HowisMengtryingtosaveShuembroidery?A．BymakingmorelogosforpanieslikeBaidu.B．Bycallingonyoungpeopletolearntheskill.C．Byteachingindifferentuniversitiesandmunities.D．BymakingmoreShuembroideryproducts.19．Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowMengis________.A．silly B．mean C．honest D．responsible20．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AFamousEmbroiderer B．ATraditionalArtFormC．AHardJob D．EmbroideryNeedsProtectingPart2阅读判断Passage1Alotofpeoplehavethehabitofreadingonthetoilet.ButinsomepublicrestroomsinShanghai,youwon’tbeabletodothat.Ifyouspendmorethan15minutesonthesmarttoiletthere,astaffmemberwilletocheckonyou.Accordingtoreports,about150hightechrestroomshavebeenbuiltinthecity.Eachtoilettherehasasensorthatcandetect(发现)whenapersonsitsonthetoiletandhowlonghehasspentsittingthere.Besides,thesensorcanalsochecktheairqualityinsidethetoiletsandadjust(调节)thewaterleveltosavewater.Beijing,Guangzhou,andShenzhenarealsogoingtousesmarttoilets.“Ithinkit’sOKwithme,becauseIdon’tthinkit’sagoodideatoreadonthetoilet,”a22yearoldyoungmansaid.However,somepeoplearen’tveryhappywiththesmarttoilet.“Thiscouldbeembarrassingforme.SinceIwasalittlekid,I’vealwaysspentabouthalfanhouronthetoilet.Itmeansarestroomworkerwouldcheckonmetwice.Thismakesmenervous,”anotherpersonsurnamedLiusaid.Infact,thesmarttoiletispartofChina’sefforttouseartificialintelligence(AI)(人工智能)indifferentareasoflife.Nowtechnologyisbeingusedalmosteverywhere.Morethan700citiesinChinahaveplannedorareintheprocessofbuildingsmartinfrastructure(基础设施).Ourlifeisbeingmuchsmarterandeasier,isn’tit?根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。1．We’dbetternotspendover15minutesonthesmarttoilet.2．Thesmarttoilethasasensorandthesensorcanchecktheairqualityinsidethetoilets.3．Somepeopleplainthatthesmarttoiletswouldmakethemembarrassed.4．Infact,ChinaisonlymakinganefforttouseAIinthesmarttoilets.5．Morethan700citiesareallbuildingsmartinfrastructure.Passage2WhenLenaarrivesatherhotel,itisalmostmidnight.Shedecidestotakeabathfirst.Beforeshedoesit,sheputsherdirtyclothesinthesink（脸盆）withwaterandthrowsina“soapbar（块）”.About30minuteslatershefinishesherbath.Shetakesalookatthesink.The“soapbar”hascleanedtheclothesforher.Allsheneedstodoishangingthemuptodry.Soundsunbelievable?Nothingisimpossible.The“soapbar”iscalledDolfi.Itlookslikeabarofsoap,butitisn’t.Itisahightechproductthatusesultrasonic（超声波的）technologytowashclothes.ThebiggestadvantageofDolfiisthatyoualwayshavealaundryserviceathand,evenwhenyou’reawayfromhome.What’smore,itiseasytocarryandsavesyourhandsandtime.Itsavesmoneytooasituseseightypercentlessenergythanawashingmachine.Lastly,it’sverysilent,soyoucanevenuseitlateintothenightwithouttroublinganyonearoundyou.“Wewantpeopletohavemorefunontheirtravelsratherthanworryaboutcostlylaundryservice,orpackextracleanclothing,saysAndreFangueiro,Dolfi’sproductdesigner.“WithDolfi,travelwillbeeeasier,happierandalotmorefun.”根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。6．Lenatakesashowerandthenputsherdirtyclothesinthesink.7．The“soapbar”couldcleandirtyclothesanddryclothes.8．Dolfiisahightechproductthatusesultrasonictechnologytowashclothes.9．Dolficostslessmoneybecauseituseseightyfivepercentlessenergythanawashingmachine.10．ThepassagemainlyintroducestheadvantagesofDolfiandtellsusDolfiwillmaketraveleasierandmoreenjoyable.答案Part1阅读选择1．D2．C3．A4．C5．C【分析】本文主要讲是在英语学习中要注意句子单词的顺序，不要死板的逐词翻译句子，而要努力体会语言的精髓，像英国人一样说英语。1．细节理解题。根据“Ifyouwanttogettherightanswer,youneedreadmoreinformationoraskyourteacherforhelp.”可知如果要翻译对句子，你需要更多的信息，或寻找老师的帮助，故选D。2．细节理解题。根据“Ifthespeakersputwordsindifferentorders,thelistenersmayunderstandthespeakers'sentencesindifferentways.”可知如果说话人把单词按不同的顺序排列，听话人可能会以不同的方式理解说话人的句子，即容易产生误解，故选C。3．细节理解题。根据“ButsometimesthemeaningofthesentencewillchangeiftheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged.Forexample,‘Sheonlylikesapples.’‘Onlyshelikesapples.’”可知“Sheonlylikesapples.”和“Onlyshelikesapples.”表达的是不同的意思。事实上“Sheonlylikesapples.”表示“她只喜欢苹果”，而“Onlyshelikesapples.”表示“只有她喜欢苹果”，故选A。4．推理判断题。根据“WhentheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged,themeaningofthesentencedoesn'tchange.”和“ButsometimesthemeaningofthesentencewillchangeiftheorderofwordsinanEnglishsentenceischanged.”可知当句中单词的顺序改变了，某些句子的意思不会变，但某些句子的意思会改变，即当句中单词的顺序改变了，句子的意思可能会发生改变，故选C。5．推理判断题。通读全文可知文章主要讲的是英语学习的内容，结合给出的四个选项，文章最有可能来源于语言学习网站，故选C。6．D7．B8．B9．C10．A【分析】文章主要讲述了一株骄傲的柚木总是瞧不起小香草。在狂风暴雨中柚木仍然骄傲地直立着，随着风势越来越大，它最终倒下了。6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Astrongwindblew.Theteakstoodstraight”可知，当强风来临的时候，柚木笔直的站着。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“toomuchprideisharmful”以及第五段“Duringthesetimes,theherbbowedlow”，可推断香草知道太骄傲不好，有暴风雨的时候香草都弯得低低的。故选B。8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Iamveryhandsomeandstrong.Noonecarbeatme”可知，柚木认为自己很强大。故选B。9．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要是通过骄傲的柚木和谦卑的香草的故事，告诉我们保持谦虚很重要，所以应是在故事书上读到这篇文章。故选C。10．推理判断题。根据全文故事发展可知，柚木因为它的骄傲自大最后被暴风吹倒。pridegoesbeforeafall骄兵必败；timeismoney时间就是金钱；nopain,nogain没有付出没有收获；practicemakesperfect熟能生巧。故选A。11．C12．B13．D14．B15．A【分析】文章以“不到长城非好汉”的诗句，引出我国著名名胜古迹——长城。介绍了长城的伟岸以及对人类文明的非凡意义，并用孟姜女哭长城的典故讲述了其来之不易。而且，长城并不是宇航员在太空能看到的唯一的地球建筑。11．细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知通常人们描述是“万里长城”，但是调查显示它实际长是21,196.18公里，比人们认为的长得多，所以说长城比人们认为的还要壮观；故选C。12．推理判断题。根据“BuildingtheGreatWallinancienttimesrequiredyearsofhardwork.在古代建长城需要很多年的艰苦工作”，孟姜女的丈夫因为建长城累死了，所以孟姜女哭倒了长城；从这个故事可以看出长城的建设多亏了许多人的努力工作。故选B。13．词义猜测题。根据“isoneoftheworld’sgreatfeatsofengineeringandanenduringmonument是世界上最伟大的工程壮举之一和不朽的纪念碑”，结合后文通过介绍孟姜女哭长城的故事，来表达在古代建设长城的不易，可猜测是古老“文明”的力量。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据“itissaidtobethe‘only’manmadestructurethatcanbeseenfromspace.”可知，据说长城能在太空被看到。故选B。15．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，主要介绍有关长城的一些事情，所以“长城的历史”最符合文章内容。故选A。16．B17．A18．C19．D20．D【分析】本文主要介绍了刺绣的类型和刺绣的特点，以及孟40多年来都在制作蜀绣，之后破产但仍以另一种方式拯救蜀绣。16．细节理解题。根据“ThemostfamousembroiderystylesareSuembroideryfromSuzhou,ShuembroideryfromSichuan,XiangembroideryfromHunanandYueembroideryfromGuangdong.”可知，此处共提到4种刺绣品。故选B。17．词义猜测题。由后文的“Menglostherjob.”判断，前面应该是指工厂倒闭。因此broke是“破产”的意思。故选A。18．细节理解题。根据“MengistryingtosaveShuembroiderybyteachingindifferentuniversitiesandmunities.”可知，孟正试图通过在不同的大学和社区教蜀绣来挽救这一艺术。故选C。19．推理判断题。根据““IfeelthatIhavetheresponsibilitytopassonShuembroideryskillstoyoungpeople,toletitrunfromgenerationtogeneration,”shesaid.”可以推出她是一位有责任感的人。故选D。20．最佳标题。根据“Embroidery(刺绣)isanimportantartforminChineseculture.”以及句子“Sotheskillisindangerofdyingout.”和句子“MengistryingtosaveShuembroiderybyteachingindifferentuniversitiesandmunities.”可以判断本文的标题为EmbroideryNeedsProtecting“刺绣需要保护”最合适。故选D。Part2阅读判断1．T2．T3．T4．F5．F【分析】本文介绍了一种智能厕所的