2021-2022学年北京市第四中学高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）（不含听力音频）

北京市第四中学2021-2022学年上学期高一年级期中考试英语试卷（试卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟）第Ⅰ卷（共三部分，满分100分）第一部分听力理解(本大题共3节，20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Wherearethewoman’sshoes?A.Inthecar.B.Underthestairs.C.Ontheshelf.2.Onwhichdayistheparty?AThe1st.B.The2nd.C.The3rd.3.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Sendafax.B.Makesomecopies.C.Checkthesurveyresults.4.Whatdidthewomanbegintodoamonthago?A.Writeanarticle.B.DoshoppingontheInternet.C.Keephercellphoneawayfromherhead.5.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Awriter.C.Alibrary.第二节(共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分)听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Offeringhelp.B.Givingencouragement.C.Makingasuggestion.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Motherandson.C.Teacherandstudent.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdidthewomanhave?A.Friedfishandcheesecake.B.Friedfishandsalad.C.Steakandsalad.9.Whatdidthewomanthinkofthepriceofhermeal?A.High.B.Reasonable.C.Low.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthewomandolastwinter?A.Shelistenedtoalecture.B.Shechangedajob.C.Shetaughtaclass.11.Whyisthemanhappy?A.Hehasretired.C.Shetaughtaclass.11.Whyisthemanhappy?A.Hehasretired.B.Hecangivelecturesafterretirement.C.Hecancommunicatewithhisgrandchildrenonline.12.Whatisthewoman’sregularjob?A.Alibrarian.B.Asalesperson.C.Alecture.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.Whatcanbeseenintheanimalshelter?A.Wildanimals.B.Seacreatures.C.Farmanimals.14Whenwasthesheltersetup?A.In2011.B.In2013.C.In2016.15.Whatdoweknowabouttheworkersoftheshelter?A.Theymusthaverelevantexperience.B.Theyliveonaplant-baseddiet.C.Theyworkwithoutpay.第三节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面一段对话，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题。听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。MembershipApplicationFormMembershipfee£24016.________£100foramonthMembers’benefitsHaveaccesstotheEmilyLowes17.________UsetheDaltonswimmingpool:having18.________one-meterdivingboardsHavetrainers19.________foranadditionalcostOpeninghours6:00a.m.to20.________onweekdays第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1.Thesportsmeetinghasbeen________untiltomorrowduetobadweather.A.putoff B.putup C.puton D.putaway【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：由于天气不好，运动会推迟到明天举行。A.putoff推迟；B.putup搭建，张贴；C.puton穿上；D.putaway收起，放好。根据后文“duetobadweather.”可知，因为天气不好，运动会被推迟到明天。故选A。2.Thevolunteerstudentsweresonicethatthey________tohelpneighborscleantheirgardens.A.represented B.offered C.paid D.provided【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生非常友好，他们主动提出帮助邻居打扫花园。A.represented代表；B.offered提供；C.paid支付；D.provided提供。根据语境，志愿者学生是友好的，所以他们会主动提出帮忙，offertodosth.表示“主动提出做某事”符合语意。故选B项。3.________isknowntoall,readingplaysanimportantpartinEnglishlearning.A.Which B.It C.That D.As【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，阅读在英语学习中发挥重要作用。A.Which哪一个；B.It它；C.That那；D.As正如。分析句子，句子是含有定语从句的复合句，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，表示“正如”，应用as，asisknowntoall表示“众所周知”。故选D项。4.I’ll________tobethekindofpersonthatoursocietyneeds.A.makeaneffort B.setabout C.payattention D.lookforward【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我会努力成为社会需要的那种人。A.makeaneffort努力；B.setabout着手；开始做；C.payattention专心；D.lookforward盼望；期待。根据下文“tobethekindofpersonthatoursocietyneeds.”可知，此处表示“我”会努力成为社会需要的那种人，故选A。5.People________forgetthingsmorefrequentlyastheygetolder.A.tendto B.intendto C.usedto D.adaptto【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，人们趋向于更频繁地忘记事情。A.tendto趋向于；B.intendto打算做；C.usedto过去常常；D.adaptto适应。根据语境，随着年龄增长，人们变老，会趋向于频繁地忘记事情，空处应填tendto，表示“趋向于”符合语意。故选A项。6.Therescueteamsearchedthebuilding________buttheydidn’tfindanyonealive.A.appropriately B.sharply C.thoroughly D.slightly【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：救援队彻底搜查了这座建筑物，但没有发现任何人活着。A.appropriately适当地；B.sharply突然地，猛烈地；C.thoroughly彻底地；D.slightly轻微地。根据空后“buttheydidn’tfindanyonealive.”可知，救援队彻底搜查了这座建筑后，没有发现任何人活着。故选C。7.Theoldmandidn’tanswermyquestion.Itseemedthathedidn’t________anyimportancetoit.A.attach B.strengthen C.stick D.apply【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老人没有回答我的问题。他似乎不重视这件事。A.attach重视；B.strengthen加强；C.stick粘贴；D.apply申请。结合语意，空处应填attach，构成固定结构attachimportanceto，表示“重视”。故选A项。8.Students’confidenceinspeakingEnglish________astheykeptpracticingdaybyday.A.grow B.grew C.grows D.wasgrown【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：随着学生们日复一日的练习，他们说英语的信心越来越大。由从句的谓语动词kept可知，空处主语谓语动词grow“增长，增加”需用一般过去时。故选B。9.TuYouyou,________thecontributionshavesavedalotofpeople,wontheNobelPrize.A.ofwhom B.who C.that D.whose【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：屠呦呦的贡献已经挽救了很多人，她赢得了诺贝尔奖。A.ofwhom谁的；B.who谁（先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语）；C.that那（先行词指人/物，在定语从句中作主语/宾语）；D.whose谁的（先行词指人/物，在定语从句中作定语）。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词TuYouyou，从句中thecontributions与先行词存在所属关系，且名词前有定冠词the，不能直接使用whose，应构成thecontributionsofTuYouyou，先行词指人，介词of之后应用关系代词whom，将ofwhom放在从句句首，即ofwhom。故选A项。10.Thesingerfindsit________thathundredsofherfanscometotheconcertalthoughitisrainingheavily.A.surprise B.surprised C.surprising D.beingsurprised【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管雨下得很大，这位歌手还是惊讶地发现数百名歌迷来听音乐会。分析句子，空处作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态，空前it是形式宾语，that从句是真正的宾语，从句表示“尽管雨下得很大，数百名歌迷来听音乐会”，对此进行补充说明应用surprising，表示“令人惊讶的”。故选C项。11.Thethiefburstintotears,beggingthepolicetoforgivehimandpromisingto________everythinghehadstolen.A.payfor B.payback C.payin D.payup【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：小偷放声大哭，乞求警察原谅他，并承诺归还他所偷的一切。A.payfor为……付钱；B.payback偿还；C.payin把（钱）存进银行；D.payup全部还清。结合语境，小偷乞求原谅，应该会承诺偿还自己偷窃的东西，应用短语payback，表示“偿还”。故选B项。12.Thetallbuildingoverthereistheplace________thefamousartistoncelived.A.when B.where C.which D.that【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那边的那座高楼是那位著名艺术家曾经住过的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是place

，指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选B。13.________Icanremember,thisisthethirdtimewe’vemet.A.Assoonas B.Aslongas C.Asmuchas D.Asfaras【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：就我能记得的而言，这是我们第三次见面。A.Assoonas一……就……；B.Aslongas只要；C.Asmuchas与……一样多；D.Asfaras就……而言。根据句意，空处应用asfaras引导状语从句，表示“就……而言”。故选D项。14.Theweatherconditiontherewasverytough,andittookthemfourdaysto________90miles.A.spread B.rush C.cover D.continue【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那里的天气条件非常恶劣，他们用了四天时间才走了90英里。A.spread传播；B.rush冲；奔；C.cover行走（一段路程）；D.continue继续。根据上下文“ittookthemfourdaysto________90miles.”可知，此处表示行走了90英里，故选C。15.Isuggestthatyou________sometimeeverydaytoexercisetokeepfit.A.setout B.setoff C.setdown D.setaside【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我建议你每天留出一些时间锻炼身体。A.setout出发；开始；B.setoff出发；动身；C.setdown记下；D.setaside留出。根据下文“sometimeeverydaytoexercisetokeepfit.”可知，此处表示留出一些时间来锻炼身体，故选D。第二节完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Yearsago,whenmydadretiredfromtheMarines(海军陆战队)aftertwentyyearsofservice,Ifoundmyselfattendingaschoolwithtwelve-year-oldswho____16____nosimilarlifeexperiencewithme.Everyoneinmyclasshadgrownuptogether,andtheyhadnoroomto____17____foranewcomer.Ihadnofriends,noactivities,andnopromiseofabrightfuture.Todealwithitall,Ibeganwritinginmydiaryeveryday;IwroteandIfeltthatmylife____18____it.Oneday,myteacher,Mrs.Bush,cametomeandaskedwhyIalwayssattherewritinginsteadofplayingwithothers.ItoldherIwaskeenonwriting.Aboutthreeweekslater,Mrs.Bushgaveusawritingassignment.Iwas____19____thatIcouldnowparticipateinsomethingIknewIwasgoodat.ThatnightIworkedandworkedontheessay.Itwasmyonechancetofeel____20____bytheclass.Afewdaysafterwehandedinourassignments,Mrs.Bushtoldtheclasshowmuchshe____21____alltheworkthatwentintotheessay.But,shesaid,onestudentstoodoutasanexcellentwriter,onewith____22____,creativity,andwordmastery.Thatstudentwasme!TheclassclappedpolitelyandMrs.Bushhandedmemypaper,withthefollowing____23____onit:“Malinda,youareanexcellentwriter.Pleasekeeponwritingandshareyour____24____ofwritingwiththeworld.Iamproudofyou.”Mrs.Bushhelpedmefindaplaceofpurposeandawayto____25____adifficulttimeoftransition(过渡期)inlife.16.A.saved B.shared C.kept D.hid17.A.build B.set C.take D.spare18.A.gaveup B.puton C.dependedon D.countedin19.A.astonished B.satisfied C.excited D.embarrassed20.A.accepted B.impressed C.challenged D.envied21.A.appreciated B.realized C.recognized D.celebrated22.A.imagination B.expectation C.contribution D.satisfaction23.A.descriptions B.comments C.suggestions D.accounts24.A.advantage B.purpose C.consideration D.gift25.A.relieve B.survive C.live D.escape【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.C20.A21.A22.A23.B24.D25.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者来到一个没有朋友的班级，没有得到同学的接纳；Mrs.Bush让作者参加写作比赛，作者擅长比赛，表现优异。最后在比赛中脱颖而出，受到班级同学认可，最后也被班级同学接纳了。作者感激Mrs.Bush。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年前，当我的父亲在服役20年后从海军陆战队退役时，我发现我和一群12岁的孩子在一所学校里，他们和我没有相似的生活经历。A.saved拯救；B.shared分享；C.kept保持；D.hid隐藏。根据下一段“Everyoneinmyclasshadgrownuptogether,andtheyhadnoroomto…foranewcomer.”可知，那些孩子不欢迎作者这个新来的孩子，由此可知，他们和作者没有相似的生活经历。故选B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们班的每个人都是一起长大的，他们没有房间给新来的人。A.build建造；B.set设立；C.take带走；D.spare留出。根据前文“Everyoneinmyclasshadgrownuptogether”可知，因为班级的每个人一起长大，所以他们不会给作者留房间。故选D。【18题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了应付这一切，我开始每天写日记;我写作，我觉得我的生命依赖于它。A.gaveup放弃；B.puton穿上；C.dependedon依靠；D.countedin把……算上。根据前文“Ihadnofriends,noactivities,andnopromiseofabrightfuture”可知，因为作者没有朋友，没有活动，也没有光明的未来，所以作者依靠写作来应对这一切。故选C。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，因为我现在可以参与我知道自己擅长的事情。A.astonished吃惊的；B.satisfied满足的；C.excited兴奋的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。由空后“IcouldnowparticipateinsomethingIknewIwasgoodat.”可知，因为作者可以参加自己擅长的写作比赛，所以作者感到兴奋。故选C。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我唯一一次觉得自己被全班接受的机会。A.accepted接受；B.impressed使印象深刻；C.challenged挑战；D.envied嫉妒。因为作者擅长写作，能参加比赛，作者觉得这是自己能被班级接受的唯一一次机会。故选A。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们交上作业的几天后，布什夫人告诉全班同学，她非常感激大家为这篇文章所付出的努力。A.appreciated感激，欣赏；B.realized意识到；C.recognized辨认出；D.celebrated庆祝。根据前文描述可知，因为大家都交上了自己的写作文章，所以老师感激大家为此的付出。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，她说，有一个学生作为一个优秀的作家脱颖而出，他有想象力、创造力和词汇掌握能力。A.imagination想象力；B.expectation期待；C.contribution贡献；D.satisfaction满足。根据后文“creativity,andwordmastery.”可知，作者的写作因为富有想象力，创作力而脱颖而出。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：全班同学都很有礼貌地鼓掌，布什夫人把我的文章递给我，并对文章作了如下评论:“马琳达，你是一位优秀的作家。请继续写作，与世界分享你的写作天赋。我为你感到骄傲。”A.descriptions描述；B.comments评论；C.suggestions建议；D.accounts账目。由冒号后的内容可知，这是老师对作者文章的评论。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.advantage优点；B.purpose目的；C.consideration考虑；D.gift天赋。根据前文描述可知，作者的文章在班级中脱颖而出，得到了老师的表扬，老师夸赞作者有写作天赋。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：布什夫人帮助我找到了一个有目标的地方，并找到了一种方法来度过生活中艰难的过渡时期。A.relieve缓解；B.survive艰难度过；C.live过……生活；D.escape逃跑。由空后“adifficulttimeoftransition(过渡期)inlife.”可知，作者认为是布什夫人帮自己度过了这段困难时期。故选B。第三部分阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/careers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/careerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchild’schoices.ActivityDescriptionMemberofstaffCostOutdoorAdventure(OUT)Takeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskills.YouwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.Mr.Clemens£140WWIBattlefieldsandParis(WBP)OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.OnDay3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights.Mrs.Wilson£425CraftyFoxes(CRF)Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations...Learnskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.Mrs.Goode£30PottyaboutPotter(POT)VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatley-on-Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picniclunchoutsideOxford’sChristchurch,boatingontheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.MissDrake£15026.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?A.OUT B.WBPC.CRF D.POT27.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?A.TraveltoLondon.B.Seeaparadeandfireworks.C.TourcentralParis.D.VisittheWWIbattlefields.28.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast?A.Twodays. B.Fourdays.C.Fivedays. D.Oneweek.【答案】26.A27.D28.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的gocamping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wildcamping(野外露营)这个关键信息。故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的withWilson，我们可以锁定第二个活动。根据OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarⅠbattlefields.可知，星期一是去往伦敦并在伦敦住一夜，第二天也就是星期二到法国北部去参观一战的战场。故选D。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的信息PottyaboutPotterlast我们从最后一种活动来寻找答案。关键信息overnight意为“一夜的逗留”。故这个活动是持续两天。故选A。【点睛】做广告布告类说明文题型时一定要先看题干，再从文中找答案。我们可以清楚的看到：这三道题是互相之间没有联系的并且都是根据题干中的关键信息就可以锁定某一段落直接找答案的。BMyteacherheldupapieceofbrokenglassandasked,“Whobrokethiswindow?”Thirtyboystriedtothinkaboutnotonlywhattheyhaddone,butalsowhatourteachermayhavefoundout.Sheseldombecameangry,butshewasthistime.“Oh,”Ithought.Iwastheonewhobrokethewindow.Itwascausedbyanaughtythrowofabaseball.IfIadmittedguilt,Iwouldbeinalotoftrouble.HowwouldIbeabletopayforabigwindowlikethat?Ididn’tevengetanallowance.“Myfatherisgoingtohaveatemper,”Ithought.Ididn’twanttoraisemyhand,butsomeforcemuchstrongerthanIwaspulleditskyward.Itoldthetruth.“Ididit.”ItwashardenoughtosaywhatIhaddone.MyteachertookdownabookfromoneofourlibraryshelvesandIhadneverknownmyteachertostrikeastudent,butIfearedshewasgoingtostartwithme.“Iknowhowyoulikebirds,”shesaidasshestoodlookingdownatmyguilt-riddenface.“Hereisthatfieldguideaboutbirdsthatyouareconstantlycheckingout.Itisyoursnow.It’stimewegotanewonefortheschoolanyway.YouwillnotbepunishedaslongasyourememberthatIamnotrewardingyouforyourmisdeed,Iamrewardingyouforyourtruthfulness.”Icouldn’tbelieveit!Iwasn’tbeingpunishedandIwasgettingmyownbirdfieldguide—theveryonethatIhadbeensavingupmoneytobuy.Allthatremainsofthatdayismymemoryandthelessonmyteachertaughtme.Thatlessonstayswithmeeveryday,anditwillechoforever.29.Fromthestory,wecanlearnthattheboy________.A.didn’tbreakthewindowonpurposeB.lackedthestrengthtoadmithisguiltC.triedtothinkaboutwhathehaddoneD.didn’tknowwhattheteacherwouldfindout30.Theboyneverthoughthewould________ifheadmittedguilt.A.bepunishedbytheteacher B.makehisfatherangryC.payforthebrokenwindow D.getabirdfieldguide31.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthechangesintheboy’sfeelings?A.Afraid—Surprised—Thankful.B.Frightened—Amazed—Proud.C.Regretful—Guilty—Excited.D.Nervous—Afraid—Satisfied.32.Whatisthelessontheboy’steachertaughthim?A.Everycoinhastwosides. B.Honestyisalwaysvalued.C.Badlucknevercomesalone. D.It’snevertoolatetobecareful.【答案】29.A30.D31.A32.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个男孩打破了窗户，勇于承认错误之后，不但没有被惩罚，而且因为诚实得到了老师的奖励。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Iwastheonewhobrokethewindow.Itwascausedbyanaughtythrowofabaseball.”（是我打破了窗户。这是由一个顽皮的棒球投掷造成的。）可知，这个男孩的确打破了窗户，但是他并不是故意的。故选A项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Icouldn’tbelieveit!Iwasn’tbeingpunishedandIwasgettingmyownbirdfieldguide—theveryonethatIhadbeensavingupmoneytobuy.”（我简直不敢相信！我没有受到惩罚，我得到了我自己的鸟类野外向导，就是我一直存钱想要买的。）可知，男孩从来没有想过承认犯错之后会得到一本鸟类野外向导作为奖励。故选D项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ifearedshewasgoingtostartwithme”（我害怕她会从我开始）可知，男孩害怕老师会从他开始惩罚犯错的学生；根据第五段“Icouldn’tbelieveit!”（我简直不敢相信！）可知，男孩没有受到惩罚，而是因为诚实得到了奖励，感到惊讶；根据第六段“Allthatremainsofthatdayismymemoryandthelessonmyteachertaughtme.”（那天剩下的只是我的记忆和老师教给我的一课。）可知，男孩感激老师曾经教会自己的教训，对老师感激，所以男孩的感觉由害怕到惊讶，再到感激。故选A项。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“YouwillnotbepunishedaslongasyourememberthatIamnotrewardingyouforyourmisdeed,Iamrewardingyouforyourtruthfulness.”（只要你记住我不是因为你的错误而奖励你，我是因为你的诚实而奖励你，你就不会受到惩罚。）可知，男孩的老师教会他诚实会得到奖励，诚实总是很重要的。故选B项。CMorestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagapyear(间隔年)beforegoingtouniversity.Itusedtobecalledthe“yearoff”betweenschoolanduniversity.Thegap-yearphenomenonoriginated(起源)withthemonthsleftovertoOxbridgeapplicantsbetweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenextacademicyear.Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentryuntilnextyear,accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbytheUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService(UCAS).Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear.TonyHigginsfromUCASsaidthatthestatisticsaregoodnewsforeveryoneinhighereducation.“Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith,andcomplete,theirchosencourse.Studentswhotakeagapyearareoftenmorematureandresponsible.”hesaid.Butnoteveryoneishappy.OwainJames,thepresidentoftheNationalUnionofStudents(NUS),arguedthattheincreaseisevidenceofstudenthardship—youngpeoplearebeingforcedintoearningmoneybeforefinishingtheireducation.“Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversityupto£15,000indebt.Itisnotsurprisingthatmoreandmorestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneytosupporttheirstudyforthedegree.NUSstatisticsshowthatover40%ofstudentsareforcedtoworkduringtermtimeandthefigureincreasesto90%duringvacationperiods,”hesaid.33.Whatdowelearnaboutthegapyearfromthetext?A.Itisflexibleinlength. B.Itisatimeforrelaxation.C.Itisincreasinglypopular. D.Itisrequiredbyuniversities.34.AccordingtoTonyHiggins,studentstakingagapyear.A.arebetterpreparedforcollegestudiesB.knowalotmoreabouttheirfuturejobsC.aremorelikelytoleaveuniversityindebtD.haveabetterchancetoentertopuniversities35.HowdoesOwainJamesfeelaboutthegap-yearphenomenon?A.He’spuzzled. B.He’sworried.C.He’ssurprised. D.He’sannoyed.36.WhatwouldmoststudentsdoontheirvacationaccordingtoNUSstatistics?A.Attendadditionalcourses. B.Makeplansforthenewterm.C.Earnmoneyfortheireducation. D.Preparefortheirgraduatestudies.【答案】33.C34.A35.B36.C【解析】【分析】本文为说明文，提到大学的学费高使得很多大学生在上大学学前就要先去挣钱然后再上大学学习。这样的好处是让学生更珍惜大学的时光，更成熟有责任感。但是也给人们带来了思考。【33题详解】C推理判断题。由短文第一段Morestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagapyear(间隔年)beforegoingtouniversity.及第三段第一句话Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear.可知间隔年越来越受到欢迎，因此选C。【34题详解】A细节理解题。由人名定位到短文第三段。根据第三段他说的话Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith,andcomplete,theirchosencourse.Studentswhotakeagapyearareoftenmorematureandresponsible可知他在说它的优点，有间隔年之后再去上大学，会让人更成熟有责任感，对大学的学习有帮助。故选A。【35题详解】B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Butnoteveryoneishappy.然后提到Owainarguedthattheincreaseisevidenceofstudenthardship—youngpeoplearebeingforcedintoearningmoneybeforefinishingtheireducation.可知他说认为越来越多的学生选择gapyear是因为他们会在gapyear期间去挣大学的费用，他们是被迫的，所以，对此表示担忧。故选B。【36题详解】C细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话NUSstatisticsshowthatover40%ofstudentsareforcedtoworkduringtermtimeandthefigureincreasesto90%duringvacationperiods可知：90%的学生要在假期挣学费。【考点定位】社会社会类短文阅读DForDeafPeople,FaceMaskswithWindowsMeanMoreThanSmilesForthelastfewmonths,MichaelConleyhasfeltveryalone.Conleyisadeafman,andhereadslipstounderstandwhatpeoplearesayingtohim.However,peoplehavebeenwearingmaskstohelpslowthespreadofCOVID-19,anewvirusthatspreadsfrompersontopersonwheninfectedpeoplebreatheoutvirusparticles(颗粒).Peoplewhoaredeafandhardofhearingcommunicateinmanydifferentways.Somemightlearntoreadlips.ManypeoplealsouseAmericanSignLanguage(ASL).Itisawaytocommunicateusinggesturesandsignsforpeoplewhoaredeafandhardofhearing.ForbothreadinglipsandASL,beingabletoseesomeone'sfaceandfacialexpressionsiscriticallyimportant.ParticularlyforASL,facialexpressionsplayaroleingrammarandwording.HelpingLipReadersSeeMouthsMoveConleytoldhisco-worker,ChrisLaZich,abouthissituation.LaZichaskedherfriend,Helton,forhelp.IngridHeltonisacostumedesignerwiththeSanDiegoOpera.Shemakesmaskswithplasticwindowsforhearingpeopletowear,makingitpossibleforlipreaderstoseemouthsmove.Foralongtime,lipreadershavestruggledtounderstandhospitalworkerswhowearmasks.TheproblemhasonlygottenworseduringCOVID-19.Manyinterpretersforthedeafhavenotbeenabletoenterhospitalsbecausetheycouldcatchthevirus.MoreChallengesForDeafPeopleNow,morepeoplearewearingmasksoutsideofhospitals,too.Thiscreatesevenmorechallengesfordeafpeople.Whenpeoplebeganwearingmasks,Conleyfeltcutofffromtheworld.Sincehecouldnotreadlips,hedidnotknowwhenpeoplewerespeakingtohimorwhattheyweresaying.Conleywasnervoustogotothepharmacyorthegrocerystore.Once,hefeltsonervoustoenterhisfavoriterestaurantthathewaitedoutsidefor45minutes.Hedidnotknowwhathewoulddoifamaskedworkeraskedhimquestionsabouthisorder.Luckily,theemployeerecognizedhimandpulleddownhermasktotalktoConley.Conleywasgratefulforheraction.NoteveryoneknowsConley,though,andwouldnotknowheisdeaf.Hecarriespiecesofpaperwithhimsohecanaskpeopletowritewhattheyaresaying.Thisway,otherpeopledon'thavetoremovetheirmask.However,italsomeanstouchingthesamepaper,Touchingcommonsurfacescanspreadgerms.SpreadinggermsriskscontractingCOVID-19.Becauseofthat,Conleywasrefusedservicemanytimes.“Itmakesyouloseyourconfidence,”saidConley,whohasbeendeafhisentirelife.However,Helton'swindowedmaskshelpedhimgethisindependenceback.Conleyandhisco-worker,ChrisLaZich,triedoutthemasksandhehadnotroublereadingLaZich'slips.37.Wherecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inadiary.C.Inaguidebook. D.Inamedicalreport.38.HowdidConleyfeelwhenpeoplebegantowearmasks?A.Hefeltthesituationcouldn'tbechanged. B.Hefeltitdifficulttorecognizepeople.C.Hefeltcutofffromtheworld. D.Hefeltlonelyandangry.39.Whatisthespecialvalueofwindowedmasksfordeafpeople?A.Tohelpthemmeetotherdeafpeople. B.TokeepthemsafefromCOVID-19.C.Tocomfortthememotionally. D.Tosatisfytheirsocialneeds.40.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebestendingofthepassage?A.SoonshestartedhercompanycalledHappyLaughMasks.B.Thewindowedmaskshelpedslowthespreadofthevirus.C.Throughhermask'swindow,LaZichsmiledathim.D.Heltonsaidstoreownerslikedthemasksaswell.【答案】37.A38.C39.D40.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了服装设计师为听力正常的人制作了带有塑料窗口的口罩，这样需要通过读唇来交流的聋人和听力有障碍的人就能听懂正常人说的话。37题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“ForDeafPeople,FaceMaskswithWindowsMeanMoreThanSmiles(对于聋人来说，带窗口罩不仅仅意味着微笑)”以及第四段“Conleytoldhisco-worker,ChrisLaZich,abouthissituation.LaZichaskedherfriend,Helton,forhelp.IngridHeltonisacostumedesignerwiththeSanDiegoOpera.Shemakesmaskswithplasticwindowsforhearingpeopletowear,makingitpossibleforlipreaderstoseemouthsmove.(Conley把自己的情况告诉了同事ChrisLaZich。LaZich向她的朋友Helton求助。IngridHelton是圣地亚哥歌剧院的服装设计师。她为听力正常的人制作了带有塑料窗口的口罩，这样读唇人就能看到嘴巴的动作)”结合文章主要说明了服装设计师为听力正常的人制作了带有塑料窗口的口罩，这样需要通过读唇来交流的聋人和听力有障碍的人就能听懂正常人说的话。结合选项可推知，文章可能选自报纸。故选A。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“Whenpeoplebeganwearingmasks,Conleyfeltcutofffromtheworld.(当人们开始戴口罩时，Conley感到与世界隔绝了)”可知，当人们开始戴口罩时，Conley感到与世界隔绝了。故选C。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“ForbothreadinglipsandASL,beingabletoseesomeone'sfaceandfacialexpressionsiscriticallyimportant.ParticularlyforASL,facialexpressionsplayaroleingrammarandwording.(对于读唇语和美国手语来说，能够看到别人的面部表情是非常重要的。尤其是对美国手语来说，面部表情在语法和措辞中扮演着重要的角色)”；第五段中“Foralongtime,lipreadershavestruggledtounderstandhospitalworkerswhowearmasks.(很长一段时间以来，读唇语的人很难听懂戴着口罩的医务人员的话)”以及最后一段中“However,Helton'swindowedmaskshelpedhimgethisindependenceback.Conleyandhisco-worker,ChrisLaZich,triedoutthemasksandhehadnotroublereadingLaZich'slips.(然而，Helton的带窗口口罩帮助他重新获得了独立。Conley和他的同事ChrisLaZich尝试了这些口罩，他毫不费力地读懂了LaZich的唇语)”可推知，对聋人来说，带窗口罩的特殊价值在于可以满足他们的社交需求。故选D。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Itmakesyouloseyourconfidence,”saidConley,whohasbeendeafhisentirelife.However,Helton'swindowedmaskshelpedhimgethisindependenceback.Conleyandhisco-worker,ChrisLaZich,triedoutthemasksandhehadnotroublereadingLaZich'slips.(“这会让你失去信心，”Conley说，他一生失聪。然而，Helton的带窗口罩帮助他重新获得了独立。Conley和他的同事ChrisLaZich尝试了这些口罩，他毫不费力地读懂了LaZich的唇语)”可推知，最后一段最后一句提到了Conley毫不费力地读懂了LaZich的唇语，可知本句应当是在承接上文说明Conley看到了什么，故C选项“LaZich透过面具的窗户对他微笑”更符合语境，是文章最好的结尾，也与文章标题“ForDeafPeople,FaceMaskswithWindowsMeanMoreThanSmiles(对于聋人来说，带窗口罩不仅仅意味着微笑)”相呼应。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.”___41___Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.___42___Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.Rec