专题十六 简单句与主谓一致（课件）-2022年中考英语语法知识点大全

备战2022中考英语语法专题过关专题十六简单句与主谓一致2021年中考考点真题1.(河北)my,it,birthday,was,yesterday________________________________.2.(四川)Jane,Irangyouuplastnightbutnobodyanswered.—Oh,Itogetherwithmyparents____walksintheparkthen.A.havetakenB.wastakingC.weretaking D.hadtaken3.(广西)NotonlyPeterbutalsohisfather____crazyaboutthebasketballmatch.A.am B.is C.are D.beItwasmybirthdayyesterday考点1：简单句BB考点2：主谓一致简单句

图解语法主语+系动词+表语主语+谓语(不及物动词)(+状语)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(+状语)主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(+状语)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语(+状语)主谓一致语法一致原则

谓语动词的单复数根据主语的单复数形式而定就近原则谓语动词的单复数与离它最近的主语保持一致意义一致原则谓语动词的单复数根据句子主语所表达的意义来确定主语＋谓语[不及物动词(短语)](＋状语)该句型中，不及物动词(短语)后面不能直接加宾语，但可以用状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。①Class

begins.

主语

谓语②Hisfather

hasgone

abroad.

主语

谓语

状语考点1：简单句的五种句式主语＋谓语[及物动词(短语)]+宾语(＋状语)该句式中的动词(短语)都是及物动词(短语)，可作宾语的有名词(短语)、代词、动词­ing形式、不定式(todo)或名词性从句。①She

likes

English.主语谓语宾语②You

mustlistento

me.主语谓语宾语③He

knows

whattodonext.主语谓语宾语考点1：简单句的五种句式主语＋系动词＋表语(＋状语)be动词和become是常见的系动词，后面必须接表语或表语从句，说明主语“……是……”或“……变成……”的意思。*其他系动词：变化系动词：get/go/grow/turn持续系动词：keep/remain/stay/lie/stand感官系动词：look/seem/feel/sound/taste/smell考点1：简单句的五种句式①He

became

ateacher.主语系动词表语②This

is

allwehave．主语系动词表语③This

is

wherehewasbroughtup．主语系动词表语从句④Children

grow

wiser

astheygrowolder.主语系动词表语状语从句主语＋系动词＋表语(＋状语)考点1：简单句的五种句式主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(＋状语)一般情况下，间接宾语位于直接宾语的前面，但有时根据强调需要，间接宾语可置于直接宾语后，这时要在间接宾语前加介词to或for。这类动词有bring,give,offer,promise,show,lend等。考点1：简单句的五种句式①I

bought

John

abirthdaygift．主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语②Theteacher

showed

me

howtoreadthis

word．主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语③Mymother

gave

abook

to

theboy.

主语谓语直接宾语介词

间接宾语主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语(＋状语)在某些及物动词后面，要用一个“宾语＋宾补”才能表达完整的意思。宾语与宾补合称为复合宾语，介词、形容词、副词、非谓语动词和介词短语可作宾补。考点1：简单句的五种句式①Ialsowant

you

torememberit.主语谓语宾语宾补②I

wantedtomake

theroom

warm.主语谓语宾语宾补1.Theygivehimabookasapresent.(改为同义句)They

abook​​​​himasapresent.2.Mymotherboughtmeabookasmybirthdaypresent.(改为同义句)Mymother______abook______measmybirthdaypresent.3.Theteacherencouragedus______goodcompositions.A.WritingB.written

C.towriteD.iswriting4.Hismothertoldhim____abikeinthestreet.A.nottoride

B.tonotride

C.notrideD.ridenotto5.Icouldfeelthewind___onmyfacefromanopenwindow.A.toblowB.blowingC.tobeblowingD.blowngivetoboughtforCAB简单句的五种句式---考点练习主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，包括语法一致、意义一致和就近原则三大原则。语法一致原则：谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致。意义一致原则：根据句子主语的意义，而不是主语的形式来确定谓语动词的单复数。就近原则：谓语动词的形式与靠近它的主语保持一致。考点2：主谓一致语法一致原则主语成分谓语例句动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句单数Whathesaid

isveryimportantforusall.不定代词each,every,either,neither,everything,nobody等Each

ofushasanewdictionary.thenumberof/oneof＋名词复数Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis32.apair/akind＋of＋复数名词Apairofglovesislyingonthetable.考点2：主谓一致主语成分谓语例句pairs/kinds＋of＋复数名词复数Sixtypairsofsocksaresoldeveryweekonaverageintheshop.anumberof＋名词复数Anumberoftrees

arecutdown.and或both...and...连接的名词或代词BothJohnandMikeare

students.语法一致原则考点2：主谓一致主语成分谓语例句主语后有with,alongwith,togetherwith，aswellas等修饰的名词或代词取决于主语Tom

withhisparentsiswatchingTV.alotof/lotsof/plentyof/mostof＋名词Lotsof

people

havebeenthere.分数或百分数＋of＋名词Twothirdsofthework

hasbeenfinished.语法一致原则考点2：主谓一致1.BothMikeandhissisterLucy

goodatChinese.A.is B.am C.are D.be2.—Look!Someone________theiceboxbacktothecorner.—Well,itwasnˈtme.Ididnˈtdoit.A.hasmovedB.ismovingC.wasmoving D.willmove3.Sofar,thenumberofpeopleusing5Gmobilephones______alot.A.isincreasing B.areincreasingC.hasincreased D.haveincreased4.Thispairofjeans_______nice.A.look B.looks C.islook5.Musicalongwithotherformsofart________（play）animportantroleinourdailylife.CACB语法一致原则---考点练习plays6.—Didyousleepwelllastnight?​​​​​​​—Farfromthat!Oneofmyneighbours______musicprettyloud.A.plays B.isplaying C.wasplaying D.wouldplay7.—Anumberofstudents_______inthedinningroom.—Letmecount.Thenumberofthestudents_____about400.A.are;is B.are;arC.is;are D.is;is8.—________thepopulationofyourcity?—About80thousand,Ithink.A.Whatare B.Howmuchis C.Howmanyare D.Whatis9.Eitheroftheboys___(know)therightanswer.Let'saskthemforhelp.10.​​​​​Neitherofthetwins__________(invite)tothepartylastnight.CADknowswasinvited语法一致原则---考点练习主语成分谓语例句集体名词(如family/class/team/group/public等)取决于主语的意义Hisfamily

isgoingtomovetoBeijing.(作为整体时，用单数)Thewholefamily

are

havingdinner.(作家庭成员讲时，用复数)考点2：主谓一致意义一致原则主语成分谓语例句集合名词(如：people/police等)复数Thepolice

arehelpingthegirlfindhermother.the＋姓氏名词复数，表示“……一家”或“……夫妇”TheBlacks

enjoyworkinginChina.the＋某些形容词，表示一类人Theyoung

areenergetic.意义一致原则考点2：主谓一致主语成分谓语例句and连接并列主语，表示同一个人或物(即：and后面无冠词)单数Afamouswriterandteacheris

goingtohaveaspeechinourschool.表示重量、度量、时间、长度、价格、数学运算等的词或短语Twopounds

isn't

soheavy.Twomonths

isalongholiday.意义一致原则考点2：主谓一致1.Theyoungalways___animportantpartinsuchactivities.A.plays B.play C.playing D.toplay2.Myfamilyusually_______bread，eggsandmilk_______breakfast．A.has；for B.have；for C.has；on D.have；on3.Infrontoftheseoldhouses__________ariver,whichisnotwideordeepbutclean.A.stand B.stands C.run D.runs4.80%ofthestudents_______toschoolbybus.A.go B.goes C.attend D.attendsBBDA意义一致原则---考点练习5.Sixtypercentofmypocketmoney___frommymother.A.get B.are C.come D.comes6.Peopleatthecommunitycentre_______abigfamily.Theyarehelpfulandkindtoeachother.A.likes B.arelike C.donˈtlike D.lookslike7.Twohoursofplayinggames______(be)enoughforyou.DBis意义一致原则---考点练习(1)由either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...，not...but...或or连接两个并