被动语态（七大题型总梳理）-2024年中考一轮总复习（原卷版）

攻略03被动语态（七大题型总梳理）

模块导航

•模块一需要使用被动语态的情况

・模块二各时态的被动语态结构

•模块三主动语态和被动语态的转换

•模块四双宾语结构的被动转换

•模块五不能使用被动语态的词和词组

・模块六常见主动语态表被动的词和词组

,模块七havesth.done的双重含义

模块一1需要使用被动语态的情况O

1.不知道或不必提及动作的执行者

>Thisbridgewasbuiltin1700.

这座桥建于1700年。

2.强调动作的承受者

>Frankwashitbyacar.

弗兰克被车撞了。

3.说话者希望所说的内容更加客观，避免就自己不太肯定的事表态

>ItissaidthatJapan'sindustrialprogressafterthewarwasveryremarkable.

据说战后日本的工业进步非常显著。

模块二1各时态的被动语态结构

被动语态的基本结构为：bedone

请完成表格：（以do为例）

一般进行完成

现在

过去

将来

去

来

▼Attention，

含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must+be+done

>芝士蛋糕必须得趁冷吃。।

Cheesecakecold.

★小试身手★

请用下面括号内单词的适当形式填空：

1)Aspeech(give)thisafternoon.

2)Theclassroom(clean)everyday.

3)Someeffectivemeasures(take)sincelastyear.

4)Mymother9sfavoritevase(break)yesterday.

5)Thebook(read)fourtimesbytheendoflastsemester.

6)Anamusementpark(build)inourcitynow.

7)Thetechniciantoldmethatmywatch(repair)in1hour.

8)Theproblem(discuss)thistimeyesterday.

9)Hesaidthathe(invite)totheparty.

10)Thousandsoftrees(plant)inthisareabytheendofthisyear.

11)Theclothesmay(deliver)tothepoorareanextmonth.

模块三1主动语态和被动语态的转换O

1.陈述句改为被动句

Stepl:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语

Step2:动词结构作相应变化（be+过去分词）

Step3:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）

Step4:其他照抄

>Hewasmakingamodelplane.

2.一般疑问句改为被动句

Steplibe动词/情态动词/助动词放句首

Step2:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语

Step3:被动结构的其他成分

Step4:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）

Step5:其他照抄

>DidMike'steachergivemuchhomeworkyesterday?

3.特殊疑问句改为被动句

Step1:特殊疑问词不变

Step2:be动词/情态动词/助动词提前

Step3:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语（主动语态特殊疑问词作宾语则这步省略）

Step4:被动结构的其他成分

Step5:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）

Step6:其他照抄

>WhenwillJackfinishhishomework?

>WhatdidLinda'sfathermendlastnight?

Whatlastnight?

★小试身手★

请把下列句子变为被动句：

1）Iwassurepeoplewouldpunishhim.

2）Theymayopenanewschoolnextyear.

3）Cantheboypickupheavyweights?

4）Willyourmotherkissyouonyourweddingdaynextweek?

Willonyourweddingdaynextweek?

模块四1双宾语结构的被动转换O

双宾语结构的转换原则

Hegaveherarose.=Hegavearosetoher.

Arose.（物做主语有介词）

She.（人做主语无介词）

★小试身手★

请改写下列句子，保持句意不变：

1）MyfatherboughtmeaMiniCooper.

物做主语：“

人做主语：

2）Thewaiterhasnotbroughtusthecoffee.

物做主语：”

人做主语：

▼Attention，

以下动词与介词to搭配

award,bring,give,hand,leave,lend,mail,play,post,promise,pass,read,return,remend（推荐）,

sell,send,serve（招待），show,sing,take,teach,tell,throw,write

以下动词与介词for搭配

boil,book,bring,build,buy,call,catch,change,choose,cook,cut,do,draw,fetch,find,fix,gather,

get,keep,leave,make,order,pick,prepare,reserve（预留）,sing,save

★小试身手★

请用括号里的词翻译句子：

1)这个房间是为史密斯一家预定的。(reserve)

2)你不要指望任何人能为了你而变化。(change)

模块五、a不能使用被动语态的词和词组o

1.不及物动词及短语

出现死消失

躺升起同意

属于爆发由...组成

赶上发生

2.静态动词

变成有益于等于

失败包含缺少

持续意味着值…钱

适合

模块六1常见主动语态表被动的词和词组O

1.常见系动词：

smell,sound,taste,feel,look,seem,appear,prove

＞井水尝起来好甜。

＞Thewellwater这块丝绸布料摸起来很光滑。

2.Thissilk一些动词在主动表示被动时，通常和well等副词连用，这些动词有:

clean/cut/cook/draw/play/read/sell/wash/wear/write/run/ride+well

＞这支笔很好写。

Thispen

＞这幅眼镜戴起来很舒服。

Thispairofglasses

3.用动名词的主动形式来代替被动，这类动词主要有：

want/need/require/deserve+doing=want/need/requiretobedone

＞孩子们需要照看。

Thechildren

＞你值得拥有这些奖励。

You

4.beworthdoingsth.某事值得做

＞Anythingworthdoingisworthdoingwell.

5.be+adj.+todo

当这个句型的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，我们一般用主动表被动。

Englishishardtolearn.（English是tolearn的逻辑宾语，所以不用被动。）

＞这本书很难跟上。（follow）

＞他说的话很容易理解。（Whathesaid）

模块七1havesth.done的双重含义Q

1.某事被别人完成

＞你多久剪一次头发？

Howoftendoyou

2.某人的一种经历

＞我昨晚把手臂摔断了。

lyesterday.

综合检测用实践检验真知O

一、单项选择

1.一Yourroomissoclean.

一Thankyou!Ityesterday.

A.wascleanedB.cleansC.cleanedD.iscleaned

2.ThelastBeidouGEO3intospacesuccessfullyonJune23,2020.

A.issentB.wassentC.sendsD.sent

3.Thenoisewhichbyteenagersoutsidethehousekeptpeopleawakeallnight.

A.wasmadeB.madeC.weremadeD.making

4.Allofourschoolbagsbehindchairsaccordingtoourclassrule.

A.mustbeputB.mustputC.mustbeputtedD.canbeput

5.TheAdventuresofTomSawyerbyMarkTwain.

A.writesB.wroteC.willbewrittenD.waswritten

6.—Howcleanthewindowis!

——Yes.Itjustnow.

A.hasbeencleanedB.wascleaned

C.iscleanedD.willbecleaned

7.Asthecurtain,thefamoussingercameout.Thefansandscreamedwithexcitement.

A.wasraised;roseB.hadbeenraised;wereraised

C.rose;wereraisedD.hadrisen;raised

8.Thechildrenwerehungryandthesaladwasquicklyup.

A.eatingB.ateC.eatenD.eat

9.—Who'sthelittlebabyinthephoto,Susan?

一Ifsme.Thisphototenyearsago.

A.takesB.istakenC.tookD.wastaken

10.TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.Itbypeopleofallages.

A.islovedB.waslovedC.willloveD.isloving

11.一Mum,canIhangoutwithmyclassmatesthisafternoon?

一Ofcourseyoucanifyourhomeworkthismorning.

A.pletesB.ispletedC.willpleteD.willbepleted

12.Helikesblue,sohisroomthatcoloryesterday.

A.paintedB.waspaintedC.willbepaintedD.paints

13.Ithinkrobotsineverydaylifeinafewyears9time.

A.willuseB.willbeusedC.areusedD.wereused

14.ManyvolunteersfortheopeningceremonyofBeijingWinterOlympicGamesonFebruary4th,

2022.

A.wereneededB.areneededC.areneedingD.wereneeding

15.Assoonasbooks,thevolunteerspostedthemtothestudentsinHopePrimarySchool.

A.areraisedB.wereraisedC.raisedD.haveraised

16.一I'vereadontheInternetthataworldrecordofboatingonJan16th,2018.

一Yes.IfsawomanteamfromShantouUniversity.Ittookthem34daystocrosstheAtlantic.

A.brokeB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.willbebroken

17.一Who'sthelittlebabyinthephoto,LiYing?

一Ifsme.Thisphotofourteenyearsago.

A.istakenB.tookC.takesD.wastaken

18.一Excuseme,sir.Whencanwehaveaswiminthepool?

-Notuntilitnextmonth.

A.repairsB.willrepairC.isrepairedD.willberepaired

19.—Whatdoyouthinkofmyshirt?Itcotton.

-Itlooksniceonyou.

A.ismadeinB.ismadeforC.ismadeofD.ismadefrom

20.Nick_ajobinabank,buttooursurprise,hedidn*ttakeit.

A.isofferedB.offeredC.wasofferedD.hasoffered

21.Everyyearmanytreesalongthestreetstomakeourcitymorebeautiful.

A.plantB.haveplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted

22.Thehousebymyfriendslastmonth.Wewillliveinitsoon.

A.paintsB.ispaintedC.paintedD.waspainted

23.Let'swaitandseewhetherbooks_bytheInternetinthefuture.

A.replace.B.replaced

C.willbereplaced.D.werereplaced

24.LastDecember,amanwhostoleasharedbike_1,000yuanbythepolice.

A.finedB.wasfined

C.willbefinedD.hasfined

25.InmanyplacesinChina,theoldover90__notonlybytheirfamilybutalsobythegovernment.

A.istakinggoodcareB.aretakengoodcareof

C.istakinggoodcareofD.aretakengoodcare

26.一Lefsgotoplaysoccer,Peter.

一I'mafraidnot.Tilneedonemorehourbeforemyhomework.

A.hasfinishedB.finishedC.willbefinishedD.isfinished

27.Ababy'sfirstbirthdayisaspecialeventinChinaandwithaspecialparty.

A.celebratesB.wascelebratedC.iscelebratedD.willcelebrate

28.Nowstudentsinsomeschoolsnottousemobilephones.

A.askB.askedC.areaskedD.wereasked

29.-----Where_the2010WorldEXPO_?------InShanghai.

A.does,holdB.has,heldC.will,holdD.is,held

30.一Whataniceclassroom!

一Iteveryday.

A.iscleaningB.hascleanedC.mustcleanD.iscleaned

31.一Howisyourpetdog?

一Heislovely.Butifheathomeallday,heatmeangrily.

A.keeps;barksB.iskept;willbarkC.iskept;barkD.keeps;willbark

32.一Howcleanyourcaris!

一Thankyou.It_veryoften.

A.iswashedB.washes

C.waswashedD.washed

33.Anewroadnearmyschoolnextyear.

A.buildsB.willbuild

C.isbuiltD.willbebuilt

34.Paperfirstabout2,000yearsagoinChina.

A.is,creatingB.iscreatedC.has,created