上海市浦东新区2023-2024学年高三年级上册期末（一模）教学质量检测英语试卷

上海市浦东新区2023〜2024学年高三上学期期末(一模)教

学质量检测英语试卷

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

一、语法填空

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherent

andgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththe

properformofthegivenword;fbrtheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

WildlifeReportCallsforAction

TheWorldWideFundforNaturereleaseditsLivingPlanetReport,whichfoundthatthe

Earth'swildlifepopulationshavefallenby69%inthepast50years.

Thereportisproducedeverytwoyearstoshowhowthenaturalworldischanging,so

governments,businesses,andconservationistsunderstand]needstobedoneto

protecttheEarth.Theteamlooksatseveralfactors.OneistheLivingPlanetIndex(LPI),

2examineshowwildlifepopulationshavechangedovertime.Atotalof5,268species

acrosstheworldhavebeentracked,includingbirds,fish,insects,andmammals.

Thechangeinwildlifevariesaroundtheworld.SouthAmericaandtheCaribbeanare

themostaffected.Intheseareas,theaveragewildlifepopulationshavedroppedby94%over

50years.CentralAsiaandEuropehave3(small)decline,withan18%drop.The

WWFsaysthechangesarecausedbyhumanactivity.Oneofthebiggestthreats4

(face)wildlifeisthenumberofacresofforestthatarebeingchoppeddown5that

thelandcanbeusedforfarminginstead.Tofindthebestwaytoprotectanimalsworldwide,

theInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)isstudyinghoweasyorhard

6willbetohelpdifferentspecies.Ithassoforfoundthatthepopulationsofseveral

animals,includingthepinkpigeonandtheSumatranrhino,7beboosted.

WhilesomenewsfromtheLivingPlanetReportisworrisome,thereisgoodnews,too.

Uptonowthenumbersofmanyspecies8(rise)aroundtheworldbecauseof

people'seffortstoprotectthem.InIndia,thenumberoftigershasnearlydoubledsince2009.

Andin2020,thereweremorethan50sightingsofthecritically9(endanger)

Antarcticbluewhale.

IntheUS,conservationeffortsinrecentdecadeshavehelpedtosaveseveralspecies,

includingthebaldeagle,which10(remove)fromthethreatenedspecieslistin2007.

试卷第1页，共12页

二、选词填空

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbe

usedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.assigned.B.bond.C.consequently.D.deliberately.E.discomfort

F.eliminateG.measured.H.pass.I.reluctantJ.revealK.sympathetic

Thereareplentyofcomplaintsabouthowsocialmedia-textinginparticular-maybe

harmingchildren'ssocialandintellectualdevelopment.Butanewstudysuggeststhat

constantinstantmessaging(IM9ing)andtextingamongteensmayalsoprovidebenefits,

particularlyforintroverts,whoare11totelltheirthoughtstoothers.

Britishresearchersanalyzed150conversationsexchangedby231teens.In100ofthese

chats,thestudyparticipantbeganIM'ingwhileinanegativeemotionalstatesuchassadness

oranger.Therestwereconversationsbegunwhentheparticipantwasfeelinggoodorneutral.

Afterthechat,participantsreporteda20%reductionintheirdistress-notenoughto

completely12itbutenoughtoleavethemfeelingbetterthantheyhadbefore

reachingout.

“OurfindingssuggestthatIM'ingbetweendistressedadolescentsandtheirpeersmay

13contributetotheirwell-being,9,theauthorswrite,notingprovideemotionalreliefand

thatpriorresearchhasshownthatpeople14totalktostrangerseitherinreallifeor

onlineimprovedtheirmoodinbothsettings,butevenmorewithIM.Andpeoplewhotalk

withtheirreal-lifefriendsonlinealsoreportfeelingclosertothemthanthosewhojust

communicatewitheachotherface-to-face,implyingastrengtheningoftheir15.

Whywoulddigitalcommunicationbeathumancontact?Theregionsarecomplex,but

mayhavesomethingtodowiththefactthatuserscancontroltheirexpressionsofsadnessand

otheremotionstheymaybehavingviaIMwithouthavingto16emotionalelements

suchastears,whichsomemayconsiderasembarrassingorsourcesof17.Studies

alsoshowthattheanonymity(匿名)ofwritingonadeviceblanketstheusersinasenseof

safely.Priorresearchhasshownthatexpressivewritingitselfcan"vent"emotionsand

provideasenseofreliefanddoingso,knowingthatyourwordsarereachinga(n)18

friendmaybeevenmoretherapeutic.Researchersalsofoundthatintrovertedparticipants

试卷第2页，共12页

reportedmorerelieffromIMconversationswhentheyweredistressedthanextrovertsdid.In

fact,introvertscaredeeplyfortheirfriends,familyandcolleagues,buteventhemostsocially

skilledonessometimeslongforafree19fromhavingtosocializeorhavingtotalk

onthephone.ThisiswhattheInternetoffers:thechancetoconnect~~butin20

doesandfrombehindascreen.

三、完形填空

Askywell,or"tianjing",isatypicalfeatureofatraditionalhomeinChina.21

anorthernChinesecourtyard,or"yuanzi“askywellissmallerandlessexposedtothe

outdoorenvironment.Theyare22seeninhomesdatingtoMingandQingdynasties,

whichweredesignedto23differentgenerationsofrelatives.

Althoughaskywell*ssizeanddesignvaryfromregiontoregion,itisalwaysrectangular

andlocatedintheCoreofahouse,either24byroomsonfoursidesorthreesidesplus

awall.Skywellsweredesignedtocoolbuildingsbeforeair-conditioningexisted.Whenwind

blowsaboveaskywellhouse,itcanentertheindoorspacethroughtheopening.Because

outdoorairisoftencoolerthanindoorair,the25breezetravelsdownthewallstothe

lowerstoreysandcreateair26byreplacingwarmerindoorair,whichrisesand

leavesthroughtheopening.

Themainpurposeofaskywellistoallowinlight,improveventilation（通风）and

27rainwater.InHuizhou,askywellissmallbuttall,andtheroomsarounditcan28

sunlightonhotdays,enablingthebottomoftheskywelltostaycool.29hotair

insidethehousecanriseandescapethroughtheopeningabovetheskywell,which6tworks

justlikea30''

Asa（n）31spacebetweenindoorlifeandtheoutdoorenvironment,askywell

actsasaneffectiveheatbuffer（缓冲）toshieldresidentsfromthehotairoutside.Butthe

largestpartofskywelfscoolingeffectactuallycomeswhentherearebodiesofwaterinthe

enclosure.

Evaporatedwatercoolshotair,aprocessknownasevaporativecoolingwhichis32

inHuizhouskywells.Inthepast,Huizhoufamiliescollectedrainwaterintheirskywells

becausetheybelievedthiscouldsafeguardandboosttheirwealth.Skywellsthereforehave

channelsaroundthemto33rainwatercomingfromtheroofs.

试卷第3页，共12页

ThoughexistinginChinaforhundredsofyears,inrecenttimestheyhaveoftenbeen

forgottenbypeoplewhoprefermodern34.Overthepasttwodecades,however,due

toa35oftraditionalChinesearchitecture,skywellbuildingshavebeenmakinga

comeback.

21.A.ParallelwithB.DifferentfromC.ClosetoD.Symbolicof

22.A.commonlyB.rarelyC.apparentlyD.currently

23.A.bindB.gatherC.houseD.honor

24.A.enclosedB.separatedC.accompaniedD.replaced

25.A.calmingB.refreshingC.incomingD.upcoming

26.A.pollutionB.pressureC.currentD.circulation

27.A.promiseB.harvestC.stopD.process

28.A.blockoutB.batheinC.allowfbrD.letout

29.A.NeverthelessB.MeanwhileC.SimilarlyD.Rather

30.A.wellB.columnC.chimneyD.ceiling

31.A.idealB.leisureC.alternativeD.transition

32.A.well-reflectedB.well-shadedC.well-developedD.well-organized

33.A.collectB.purifyC.drainD.evaporate

34.A.techniquesB.facilitiesC.stylesD.inventions

35.A.reunionB.reminderC.renewalD.rearrangement

四、阅读理解

Asmountainsgo,l,642-fbotSquawPeakisn'tparticularlyimposing.Butitsinviting

viewsofwesternMassachusettshavetrickedhikersintobecominglesscautiousamongits

steep,slipperycliffs,resultingincountlessinjuriesandevendeaths.

HenryGrant,aweekbeforestartinghisfreshmanyear,respectedSquawPeak'srecord.

Assuch,hestayedagoodtenfeetfromtheedgewhilewaitingforhismothertocatchupto

himonedayinAugust2019.Hewatched15orsootherhikersenjoytheview;onehiker,

around60anddressedinpink,waspeekingoverthelipofthecliffwithherhusband.

Suddenlyheheardsomethingfrightening:"Paula!Paula!”amanyelledfrantically.Grant

turnedaround.Thewomaninpinkwasnowheretobeseen.Severalhikersimmediately

startedlookingforher.Uncertaintheycouldhelp,Grantandhismotherheadeddownthetrail.

试卷第4页，共12页

Butwhenhesawhikersstillsearching,hedecidedtolendahand."Myyoungdumbbrain

waslike,Icandoit,“hesays.

After15minutesofscramblingoverrocks,Grantspottedafigureinpink.Thewoman

hadfallenabout75feet.Miraculously,shewasalive.

“Paula!”Grantshouted.4tPaula.Isthatyou?^^

Thewomanbarelyresponded.Shewasclearlyhurtanddelirious.Grantcalled911and

waited,butshekepttryingtomove,andeverytimeshemoved,sheslippedalittlemore.

Afraidthatinherdisorderlystateofmindshemightfallofftherocktoherdeath,Grant

crawledonallfoursupatight,narrowpath,gainingfrictionbydiggingintothedirtwithhis

fingersandfeetuntilhereachedPaula.

Securinghimselfagainstatree,Granttriedtokeephermindoffthepainbyintervening

withquestions;"Whereareyoufrom?Whatdoyoudoforaliving?Doyouhavekids?”

About45minuteslater,firstrespondersarrived,Toreachthem,arescuerlowereddownand

liftedPaulaup.

Paula,whohasfullyrecovered,isPaulaKaplan-Reiss,aNewJerseypsychologistwho

hadtraveledtotheBerkshiremountainsofMassachusettsforsomerelieffollowingher

mother'sdeath.Instead,shemetayoungmanwho,asshestatedinalettertotheBoston

Globe,washernewhero.

36.Paula'saccidentonSquawPeakismostlikelytheresultof.

A.theheavyblowcausedbyhermother'sdeath

B.theslipperycliffsthatresultedinmanyinjuriesanddeaths

C.herbeinglesssafety-consciousatthebreathtakingviews.

D.herhusband'sneglectofcarewhileaccompanyingher

37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“delirious“inParagraph6meanaccordingtothecontext?

A.Unabletomove.B.Unabletostayconscious.

C.Unabletotalk.D.Unabletothinkclearly.

38.WhydidGrandkeepaskingPaulaquestions?

A.Todistractherattentionfromthepain.B.Tofindouthercondition.

C.Toencouragehertoholdon.D.Togettoknowherbetter.

39.WhatkindofpersonisHenryGrantaccordingtothearticle?

A.Dumbandbrave.B.Decisiveandsensible.

C.Respectfulandcaring.D.Reservedandcalm.

试卷第5页，共12页

WhilewritingplainEnglishisnochallenge,mostofusstruggletofindwordsorphrases

toperfectlyfallinplacewiththecontent.Tohelpyouimproveyourwritingskillsin

English,wehavecollectedsomeofthebestwebresourcesdedicatedtothismission.

BetterWriting

MadeEasy

Grammarly

•Grammarlyisoneofthebestonlineresourcestogrammarlysignificantlyimproveyour

vocabularyandwriting.Itisbasicallyanonlinewordprocessor,whichgoesbeyond

othersincorrectingover250typesofEnglishmistakes.Thespell-checkerand

vocabularyenhancerarethestandoutfeaturesofGrammarly.

・SincetheGrammarlyappisalsoavailableforyourwebbrowser,youcansimply

installtheextensionandeditallofyourEmails,socialmediaposts,oranycontentthat

youcreatefromyourwebbrowser.

•AlthoughGrammarlyisofferedasfreeinstallation,apremiumplandoesexistwhich

costsaround$29.95/month.

Thesaurus

•ThesaurusisoneofthevitaltoolsthateverygoodEnglishwriterhasintheir

storehouse.BuildingonvocabularyisessentialandthatiswhatThesaurusjustoffers.

Thesaurushelpsusersbyprovidingalternativewordsandphrasestoperfectlyexpress

themselves.Italsooffersthebestcollectionofsynonymsandantonyms.

•Overuseofcliches,adverbsorbulkyphrasesissomeexamplesofpoorwriting,which

needstobeaddressed.Inthiscase,theThesaurushasacollectionofsomeofthemost

overusedexpressionsthatmustbeavoidedinwrittenEnglish.

•SharpenyourEnglishskillswiththispowerfulonlineandmobileapplicationtoolfor

free.

试卷第6页，共12页

HemingwayApp

IIUU

OVMtetlQM

•TheHemingwayAppisawonderfulweb-basedanddesktopsoftwaretohelpyouedit

yourwrittenEnglish.IttacklesalotofsubtledifferencesinEnglishwriting,likevery

complexsentences,usesofpassivevoiceandmuchmore.UsingHemingwayApp,allof

yourwordysentencesarehighlightedinyellowandirrelevantcontentinred.

•TheHemingwayappalsoprovidesareadabilityscorefortheenteredtext,whichyou

couldusetoanalyzethestructureofthecontentyou'vewrittenandbuildaconnection

withyourreaders.

•Thoughavailableasafreeversionforwebinterfaces,thestandalonedesktopsoftware

forMacandWindowscosts$9.99/month.

40.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.Grammarlyisprimarilyfocusedonhelpingimprovespellingandgrammarinwriting.

B.Thesaurusoffersalargecollectionofwordentriestoenhancevocabulary.

C.TheHemingwayApp'spremiumdesktopsoftwareisavailableforaone-timepayment

of$9.99.

D.TheHemingwayAppassignsadistinctcolortoeachtypeofgrammarmistakeit

detectsinthetext.

41.Ifyouexpecttoobjectivelyassesshoweffectivelyyourcontentwillconnectwithyour

readers,youarelikelytoturnto.

A.GrammarlyB.ThesaurusC.HemingwayAppD.all

42.WhoareprobablyNOTtheintendedreadersofthispassage?

A.Fictionwriterslookingforreallifematerialstosparktheircreativity.

B.Non-nativeEnglishspeakerswantingtoimprovetheirwritingproficiency.

C.Languageenthusiastsinterestedinexploringdifferentweb-basedtools.

D.Magazineeditorswhoseroleinvolvesreviewingandpolishingmanuscripts.

Iwasamong31murdererssenttotheLouisianaStatePenitentiaryin1962tobe

试卷第7页，共12页

executedorimprisonedforlife.Wewereunskilled,impulsiveanduneducatedmisfits,mostly

black,whohaddonedumb,impulsivethings-failures,rejectsfromthelargersociety.Now

agenerationhaspassedsinceI'vebeenhere,andeverythingismuchthesameasIfoundit.

Thevastmajorityofusarehandedovertosufferanddieheresopoliticianscansellthe

illusionthatpermanentlyputtingpeopletoprisonwillmakesocietysafe.

Gettingtoughhasalwaysbeena“silverbullet”,aquickFIXforthecrimeandviolence

thatsocietyfears.EachyearinLouisiana-whereexcessisawayoflife-law-makers

havetriedtooutdoeachotherinlegislatingharsherpenalties.Theonlythingtodowith

criminals,theysay,isgettougher.Intheprocess,thestateboastsoneofthehighestlook-up

ratesinthecountry,andimposesthemostseverepenaltiesinthenation.

Ifgettingtoughresultedinpublicsafety,Louisianacitizenswouldbethesafestinthe

nation.They'renot.Louisianahasthehighestmurderrateamongstates.Prison,likethe

policeandthecourts,hasaminimalimpactoncrimebecauseitisaresponseafterthefact,it

doesn'twork.Theideaofpunishingthefewtodiscouragethemanyisfakebecausepotential

criminalseitherthinkthey5renotgoingtogetcaughtorthey9resopsychologicallydistressed

thattheydon'tcare,abouttheconsequencesoftheiractions.Thethreatenedpunishment,

regardlessofitsseverity,isneverafactorintheequation.

Prisonhasaroleinpublicsafety,butitisnotacure-all.Theonlyeffectivewayto

containcrimeisforsocietytoworktopreventthecriminalactinthefirstplace.Our

youngstersmustbetaughttorespecthumanityofothersandtohandledisputewithout

violence.Itisessentialtoeducateandequipthemwiththeskillstopursuetheirlifeambitions

inameaningfulway.Asacommunity,wemustaddresstheadverselifecircumstancesthat

breedcriminality.Thesethingsarenotquick,andtheyarenoteasy,buttheyareeffective.

Politiciansthinkthat'stoohardasell.Theywantsomethingtheycanpointtoatre-election

time.Sothedrumbeatgoesonformorepolice,moreprisons,moreofthesamefailed

policies.

Everseeadogchaseitsowntail?

43.Whichofthefollowingsituationsisnotregardedasa“silverbullet”?

A.Employingaroundaboutwaytohelpstudentscorrecttheirmistakes.

B.Settinguprefugestoshelterthehomelesswarvictims.

C.Trainingfarmerswithfarmingtechniquestohelpthemoutofpoverty.

D.Adoptingeffectivepoliciestosaveeconomyfromworsening.

试卷第8页，共12页

44.Accordingtothepassage,lawmakers5failuretomakeproperlegislationisduetothefact

that.

A.theyareproudandboastfulofhighlock-upratesB.theyfailtoaddresstherootof

theproblem

C,theydon'ttreatpeopleofdifferentracesalikeD.theygiveprioritytoprecaution

overpunishment

45.TheidiombestdescribingtheeffectivewaytoeasetheseverityofcrimeinLouisianais

A.turnoveranewleaf.B.getakickoutofit

C.aneyeforaneye.D.preventionisbetterthancure

46.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Prisons-AToolforElection.B.WhyPrisonsDon'tWork

C.AnAppealfromaMurderer.D.WhySocietyIsaSaferPlace

WhichLanguagesTaketheLongesttoLearn

Thedifficultyinlearningaforeignlanguageliesnotonlyinitsinherentcomplexity.The

mainreasonalanguageishardisthatitisdifferentfromyourown.Whatunderliesthe

difficultyofsuchlanguagesforanEnglish-speaker?

Thefirstthingmanylearnerswillthinkofisthewritingsystem.47Chinese

standsoutforitsdifficulty.Itiscommonlysaidthatalearnermustmemorizearound2,000

characterstobeabletoreadanewspaper.Buteventhisestimateiscriticized.Someonewith2,

000characterswillstillhavetolookupunfamiliaronesineveryfewlinesoftext.

Asecondwaylanguagescanbehardiswithsoundsanddistinctionsthatdonotexistin

theleamefslanguage.ToanEnglish-speaker,thenoveltiesincludetheclicksofmanyAfrican

languages.48MandarinandCantonesehavetones,meaningmawithanevenpitch

andmawithafallingonearedifferentwords.

Thevocabularyobviouslymatterstoo.MostEuropeanlanguagesshareanancestor

(calledproto-IndoEuropean)andsotheirwords,too,oftencomeinrelatedpairs.Ifyou

knowwaterinSpanishisagua,itiseasytofigureoutItalianacquaandEnglishaquatic.

LanguagesunrelatedtotheEuropeanones(ArabicfromtheSemiticfamily,orChinesefrom

theSino-Tibetanone)willnotonlylackthe"genetic“overlapinvocabulary.49.

Finally,thereisgrammar.Manypeopleassociatetrickygrammarwithlonglistsof

endingsthatchangeaccordingtoaword*suseinasentence.Manylanguagesevenfeaturean

试卷第9页，共12页

endingonverbsindicatinghowthespeakerknowstheinformationtobetrue.

50Ifyouwanttolearnalanguagejustforfun,startwithSwedish.Ifyouwant

toaccumulateanimpressivenumber,stayinEurope.Butifyoureallywanttoimpress,

masteringMandarinisthesignofthetruelinguisticIronman.

A.Theyareculturallydistant,andsohavefarlessborrowedEuropeanvocabularytoo.

B.Thismorethananythingelseaccountsforthedifficultyofthelanguage.

C.Indeed,noneofthehardestlanguagesiswrittenwiththeLatinalphabetusedbymost

Europeanlanguages.

D.Butforeignwritingsystemsneednotbedifficult.

E.Theoverallhardnessofalanguagecanbeseenasthesumofthedifficultyofits

writingsystem,sounds,wordsandgrammar.

F.Butjustashardistheproblemoflanguagesthatdifferfromyourown.

五、书面表达

51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)

ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

DoesReadingImproveHealth

Whenthinkingaboutourwellbeingandtakingcareofourselves,somethingsthatwe

shoulddoareharderthanothers.Readingisoneoftheeasierones.Whatfollowsarea

numberofwaysinwhichreadingcanhelpmaintainandimprovehealth.

Readingallowsyoutode-stressbyunpluggingandescaping.Inonestudy,readingwas

foundtobeaseffectiveasyogaandhumorinreducingsubjectivefeelingsofstressovera

30-minuteperiod,aswellasbloodpressureandheartrate.Notethatagoodold-fashioned

bookoradedicatedeBookreaderisthebestwaytodothis.

Readersmaylivelongerthannon-readers.Onestudyfoundthatthiswassupposedtobe

duetotheeffectthatreadinghasonmaintainingcognitiveabilitiesovertime.Inanother

studyofindividualsaged64andover,thosewhoreadatleastonceaweekwerelesslikelyto

experiencecognitivedeclinethanthosewhodidnot.Atthe14-yearmarkofthestudy,and

regardlessofeducationallevel,thosewhoreadmoreenjoyedgreaterprotection.Thiseffectis

maintainedintoreaders980's.

Bibliotherapy,ortheuseofvariousreadingmaterialsforthepromotionofpsychological

试卷第10页，共12页

health,isawell-knownaidtomentalhealthtreatment.Bibliotherapycanconsistofanytype

ofliteratureandmayincludeself-helpbooks,focusedreadings,first-handaccountsofothers'

experiences,andevenrelevantfiction.Thiscanbeapowerfulstrategyandhasbeenused

successfullytoreducedepression,suicidalthinking,anxiety,stressandetc.

Thebenefitsofreadingareinnumerableandreadingisalowtono-costactivity.Cheap

andno-costbooksareeverywhere.Publiclibrariescontinuetobeoneofthemostamazing

resources.Ifyouaren'tanaturalreader,youhavenothingtolosebygivingitatry.

六、翻译

52.虽然青少年爱和父母顶嘴，但是他们内心是尊重父母的。（typical）（汉译英）

53.所有飞往西班牙的乘客请等候，何时出发另行通知。（notice）（汉译英）

54.盲目刷题毫无意义，学习方法的关键是要知其然，知其所以然。（point）（汉译英）

55.读了关于这个教授兼宇航员的报道，我逐渐意识到，只要敢于有梦，勤于圆梦，人

生就有无限可能。（dawn）（汉译英）

七、书面表达

56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120——150wordsaccordingtothe

instructionsgivenbelowinChinese.

近期，“消失的课间十分钟''问题引发社会持续热议。有些学校规定，学生在课间除了上

厕所、喝水之外，不允许离开教室。请对此现象发表你的看法。

你的作文须包括：

1.简要分析该现象背后的原因；

2.结合自身经历，谈谈如何“唤醒”课间十分钟。

试卷第11页，共12页

试卷第12页，共12页

参考答案:

1.what2.which3.thesmallest4.facing5.so6.it7.can8.have

risen9.endangered10.wasremoved

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界野生动物的数量在下降，并分析了下降的原

因，以及人们为保护野生动物所作出的努力。

1.考查宾语从句。句意：该报告每两年发布一次，展示自然界是如何变化的，这样政府、

企业和环保主义者就知道需要做些什么来保护地球。分析句式结构可知，此处为宾语从句，

且从句中缺少主语，所以用what来引导。故填what。

2.考查定语从句。句意：其中之一是地球生命力指数(LPI),它研究野生动物种群随时间的

变化情况。分析句式结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系

代词which来引导。故填whicho

3.考查形容词的比较级。句意：中亚和欧洲的降幅最小，仅为18%。根据上文themostaffected

可知，此处也用形容词的最高级形式。故填thesmallest。

4.考查非谓语动词。句意：野生动物面临的最大威胁之一是有多少英亩的森林被砍伐，以

便将土地用于农业。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，又因为threats和

face之间是主动关系，所以用非谓语动词中的现在分词作后置定语。故填facing。

5.考查固定搭配。句意：同上。根据空格后的that可知，此处用固定搭配s。that表示“以

便故填so。

6.考查代词。句意：为了找到保护全世界动物的最佳方法，国际自然保护联盟(IUCN)正在

研究帮助不同物种的难易程度。分析句式结构可知，此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语是下

文的动词不定式。故填it。

7.考查情态动词。句意：到目前为止，研究人员已经发现，包括粉鸽和苏门答腊犀牛在内

的几种动物的数量可以得到提高。分析句意再根据空格后的动词原形be可知，此处用情态

动词can表示这几种动物的数量“可以”得到提高。故填can。

8.考查动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，由于人们努力保护它们，世界上许多物种的数量

已经上升。根据上文的时间状语Uptonow可知，本句的时态应该用现在完成时，又因为主

语thenumbers是复数名词，所以用have+过去分词。故填haveriseno

9.考查形容词。句意：在2020年，人们看到了50多只极度濒危的南极蓝鲸。分析句式结

答案第1页，共13页

构可知，此处用提示词的形容词形式endangered作后置定语表示“濒危的”南极蓝鲸。故填

endangeredo

10.考查动词的语态。句意：在美国，近几十年来的保护工作帮助拯救了几个物种，包括

2007年从濒危物种名单中除名的白头鹰。分析句式结构可知，定语从句中的关系代词which

指代thebaldeagle是单数名词，且和动词remove之间是被动关系，再根据下文in2007,所

以此处用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词用be动词+过去分词，且be动词用was。故填

wasremovedo

11.112.F13.C14.A15.B16.J17.E18.K19.H20.G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究——青少年之间经常使用即时通讯工具

(IM)和发短信也有好处，尤其是对那些内向的人来说。

11.考查形容词。句意：但一项新的研究表明，青少年经常使用即时通讯和发短信也有好处，

尤其是对内向的人来说，他们不愿意把自己的想法告诉别人。根据"particularlyfbrintroverts,

whoare”以及句意"不愿意”可知应填形容词reluctant,作表语。故选I。

12.考查动词。句意：聊天后，参与者报告说他们的痛苦减少了20%——虽然不足以完全

消除痛苦，但足以让他们感觉比联系之前好。根据“participantsreporteda20%reductionin

theirdistress一notenoughtocompletely”以及句意"消除“可知应填动词eliminate,且上文为短

语enoughtodosth.。故选F。

13.考查副词。句意：作者写道：“我们的研究结果表明，在苦恼的青少年和他们的同龄人

之间进行即时通讯可能因此有助于他们的健康。”作者指出，即时通讯可以缓解情绪，而且

之前的研究表明，被分配在现实生活或网络上与陌生人交谈的人在这两种情况下都能改善他

们的情绪，但使用即时通讯的效果更好。根据“contributetotheirwell-being”以及句意"因此"

可知应填副词consequently,修饰动词contribute„故选C。

14.考查动词。句意：作者写道