2024届广东省深圳市高三第一次调研考试（一模）英语试题

2024届广东省深圳市高三第一次调研考试（一模）英语试题

一、阅读理解

WhistlerTravelGuide

Snow-cappedpeaksandpowderedsteeps;sparklinglakesandrushingwaterfalls;

challenginghikingroutesandinvitingrestaurants-Whistler'sofferingssuiteveryseason.

Thingstodo

Theentiretowndisplaystheski-chicatmosphere,hostingdozensofskiandsnowboard

competitionsandfestivalsannually.Inthewarmermonths,moreoutdoorenthusiastscome

outtoplay.Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.WhileWhistlerisanideal

vacationspotfortheactivetypes,othertravelerscanenjoythelocalmuseumsandart

galleriesfilledwithinformativeexhibits.Plus,therearefamily-friendlyactivitiesand

attractionslikesummerconcerts,alongwithplentyofshoppingoptions.

Whentovisit

ThebesttimestovisitWhistlerarefromJunethroughAugustandbetweenDecember

andMarch.

Howtogetaround

ThebestwaystogetaroundWhistlerareonfootorbybike.Or,youcantakethe

shuttlebusesfromWhistlerVillage,whichtransportvisitorstoLostLakeParkandthe

Marketplace.Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractions

likeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.

Whatyouneedtoknow

•Whistlerreceivesfeetofsnoweachyear.Ifyou'redrivinginwinter,slowdownand

makesuretorentorcomewithareliableSUV.

•SnowslidesarelikelytooccuronBackcountryroutes,soonlyadvancedskiersshould

taketothisoff-the-maparea.

•Whistler'swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceand

donotfeedthem.

1.WhatareactivetravelersrecommendedtodoinWhistler?

A.Bikeupthemountains.B.Hostskicompetitions.

C.Goshoppingatthemalls.D.Visitmuseumexhibitions.

2.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularamongtravelers?

试卷第1页，共10页

A.WhistlerVillage.B.LostLakePark.C.TheMarketplace.

D.WhistlerTrainWreck.

3.WhataretravelersprohibitedfromdoinginWhistler?

A.DrivingarentedSUV.B.Feedinggrizzlybears.

C.Exploringthewilderness.D.SkingonBackcountryroutes.

Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthehumansoul.Theliterary

workscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswere

whatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestions

themselves.Wordswereeverything.

Thatbeliefchanged.

Inanordinarymathclass,myteacherposedasimplequestion:Whafs0.99roundedto

thenearestwholenumber?Easy.Whenroundedtothenearestwholenumber,0.99=1.

Somehow,Ithoughteventhough0.99isonly0.01awayfrom1,there?sstilla0.01

difference.Thatmeanseveniftwothingsareonlyalittledifferent,theyarestilldifferent,so

doesn'tthatmakethemcompletelydifferent?

Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation（等式）：1=0.9,which

couldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999repeatingitselfwithouteverending.

Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewas

unchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomething

endless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthings

wereconnectedbyanequalsign.

Lyinginbed,Ithoughtabouthowmuchtheequationparalleledourexistence.Theleft

sideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.The

concrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebomandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.But

thenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.Therightsidemeansatimeandspacefullof

limitlesspossibilities,andendlessopportunitiesintotheopenfuture.

Sothafswhatlifeis.Objectivebutimaginative.Unchangeablebutlimitless.Lifeisan

equationwithtwosidesthatbalancesitsefout.Still,wecan'tevertrulyseemtoputthe

perfectwordstoit.Sopossiblynumberscanexpressideasaseuallywellaswordscan.For

now,lefsleaveitatthat:1=0.99999...andlivealifelikeit.

4.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutwordsinparagraph1?

试卷第2页，共10页

A.Theirwidevariety.B.Theirliteraryorigins.

C.Theirdistinctsounds.D.Theirexpressivepower.

5.Whatmadetheauthorfindtheequationfascinating?

A.Therepetitionofanumber.B.Thewaytwodifferentnumbersare

equal.

C.Thequestiontheteacherraised.D.Thedifferencebetweenthetwo

numbers.

6.Whichofthefllowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"paralleled“inparagraph6?

A.Measured.B.Composed.C.Mirrored.D.Influenced.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ThePerfectEquationB.NumbersBuildEquations

C.AnAttractiveQuestionD.WordsOutperformNumbers

“Whydoesgrandpahaveearhair?”Justafewyearsagomychildwassocuriousto

know"why"and"how"thatwehadtocutoffherquestionsfiveminutesbeforebedtime.

Nowasoon-to-befourthgrader,shesaysthatshedislikesschoolbecause"it'snotfiunto

learm.^^Iamshocked.Asascientistandparent,IhavedoneeverythingIcantopromotea

loveoflearninginmychildren.WheredidIgowrong?

Mychild'sexperienceisnotunique.DevelopmentalpsychologistSusanEngelnotesthat

curiositydefinedas"'spontaneous（自发的）“investigationandeagernessfornew

information-dropsdramaticallyinchildrenbythefourthgrade.

InWonder:ChildhoodandtheLifelongLoveofScience,YalepsychologistFrank

C.Keildetailsthedevelopmentofwonder-aspontaneouspassiontoexplore,discover,

andunderstand.Hetakesusonajourneyfromitsearlydevelopment,whenwonderdrives

commonsenseandscientificreasoning,throughthedrop-offinwonderthatoftenoccurs,to

thetrapoflifeinasocietythatdevalueswonder.

AsKeilnotes,childrenareparticularlyrichinwonderwhiletheyarerapidlydeveloping

causalmechanisms（因果机制）inthepreschoolandearlyelementaryschoolyears.Theyare

sensitivetotheothers9knowledgeandgoals,andtheyexpertlyusetheirdesirefor

questioning.Children'squestions,particularlythoseabout"why"and"how"supportthe

developmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirday-to-dayreasoning.

Unfortunately,asKeilnotes,“adultsgreatlyunderestimateyoungchildren'scausal

试卷第3页，共10页

mechanisms.9,Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupportchildren'songoing

wonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestion-asking,andfocusing

ontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.

Adeclineinwonderisnotunavoidable.Keilremindsusthatwecanacceptwonderasa

desirablepositivequalitythatexistsineveryone.Ivaluewonderdeeply,andWonderhas

givenmehopebyproposingafutureformychildrenthatwillremainwonder-full.

8.Whatisacommonproblemamongfourthgraders?

A.Theyupsettheirparentstoooften.B.Theyasktoomanystrangequestions.

C.Theirloveforfundisappearsquickly.D.Theirdesiretolearndeclinessharply.

9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutchildren'scausalmechanismsinparagraph4?

A.Theycontrolchildren'ssensitivity.B.Theyslightlychangeinearlychildhood.

C.Theyhardlysupportchildren'sreasoning.D.Theydevelopthroughchildren's

questioning.

10.Howcanparentssupportchildren'songoingwonderaccordingtoKeil?

A.Bymonitoringtheirgames.B.Bywelcominginquiringminds.

C・Byestimatingtheirabilities.D.Byprovidingreasonableconclusions.

11.Whatisthetext?

A.Abookreview.B.Anewsreport.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Achildren's

story.

Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest-anareaaboutthesizeof

Iceland-becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld5s

forestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusetts

InstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-likeplant

materialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto"grow"awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdown

trees.

Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecells

areculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontains

nutrientsandtwodifferenthormones.Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscan

tunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprinter

toshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthree

months.Finally,theresearchersdehydratethematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.

试卷第4页，共10页

Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,open

cellsoflowerdensity,whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterials

withsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakesthe

plantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-like

characteristics.What5smore,ifstobenotedthattheresearchprocessisabout100times

fasterthanthetimeittakesforatreetogrowtomaturity!

Researchofthiskindisground-breaking."Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofa

technology,9,saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstain.t6Therealopportunityhereistobeatits

bestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeetthe

requirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto'grow'any

woodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan'tachieve.

12.WhydoresearchersatMITconducttheresearch?

A.Togrowmoretrees.B.Toprotectplantdiversity.

C.Toreducetreelosses.D.Topredictforestdisappearance.

13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutthelabresearch?

A.Itstheoreticalbasis.B.Itskeyprocedures.

C.Itsscientificevidence.D.Itsusualdifficulties.

14.Whatdoesthefindingsuggestabouttheplantmaterials?

A.Thehormonelevelsaffecttheirrigidity.

B.Theyarebetterthannaturallygrownplants.

C.Theircells5shapesmainlyrelyontheirdensity.

D.Theirgrowthspeeddeterminestheircharacteristics.

15.Whyistheresearchground-breakingaccordingtoBerenstain?

A.Itusesnewbiologicalmaterialsinlabexperiments.

B.Itrevolutionizesthewaytomakewoodenproducts.

C.Itchallengestraditionalscientifictheoriesinforestry.

D.Ithasasignificantimpactonworldwideplantgrowth.

Artcomesintwomaincategories:realisticandabstract.Realisticartaimstoshow

real-lifescenes,people,andobjectsexactlyastheyappear.Itinvolvespayingcloseattention

todetails,makingthingslooklikephotographs16It'smoreaboutexpressing

feelings,emotions,andideas.

试卷第5页，共10页

Realisticartiseasytounderstand.Viewerscaneasilyrecognizewhatisportrayed.Take

theMonaLisa,forexample-ifsarealisticpaintingofaladywithamysterioussmile.

17,helpingustolearnaboutthepast.

Unlikerealisticart,abstractartismoreaboutbeingcreative.18.Theyuse

shapes,colorsandpatternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.Abstractartmeansdifferentthings

todifferentpeople.Somepeopleenjoytryingtofigureoutwhattheartworkconveys.

19.Realisticartneedsprecisionindrawingorsculptingtomakethingslook

real.Abstractartrequiresimaginationtouseshapesandcolorsinnewways.Manyartistsare

skilledinboth.Theycreaterealisticpiecestodemonstratetheirtechnicalskillsandabstract

onestodisplaytheircreativity.

Asforpersonalpreference,somepeopleprefertheclearstoriesofrealisticartwhile

othersareattractedtothemysteryofabstractart,interpretingmeaningsintheshapesand

forms.Together,thetwokindsofartmaketheartworlddiverseandengaging20

A.Bothtypesofarttakeskillstomake

B.Photographspreservefacesoffolksfromlongago

C.Graspingabstractartdemandsmoreartistictraining

D.Bothwaysofcreatingarthavetheirownvalueandbeauty

E.Incontrast,abstractartfocuseslessonrealisticappearances

F.Artworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylife

G.Artistshavethefreedomtogobeyondreal-liferepresentations

二、完形填空

Lastyear,Istartedthejourneyofbeingaremoteproductdesigner.Thethoughtofa

21_schedule,acomfortablehomeoffice,andtheescapefromthecrowdedpublictransport

wasincredibly22.Thefirstfewweekswerefilledwithalong-lostfeelingof23

However,the24ofworkingfromhomegraduallysetin.Ihadstartedmydaywith

thebestintentions,promisingmyselfquickbreaksandregular25.Butdeadlines,

endlessemails,andvirtualmeetings26metomycomputerthroughouttheday,

leavingmelittletimeto27.Goneweretheshortwalkstoacolleague'sdeskandthe

quicklunchtimewalksaroundtheofficecomplex.Finally,myworldwas28tothe

wallsofmyhome,mysteps29inmeremetersratherthankilometers.

试卷第6页，共10页

Oneday,Itried30oneofmyfavoritedressesanditwasn'tpassingthroughmy

waistatall.Glancingatmyselfinthemirror,Isawa31personcarryingextraweight,

ratherthansomeoneenjoyingfreedom.The32ofworkandpersonallifehadleftme

feelinglikeIwasaneverendingmotionmachine.

Thisincidentmarkedthe33ofajourneyofself-discovery.Imadeupmymind

thatIneededa(n)34notjustformywaistlinebutformyoverallwell-being.Itwasa

promisetoprioritizemyphysicalandmentalhealth,andacommitmentthatIcould35

controlovermylifeandmybody.

21.A.tightB•regularC.fullD.flexible

22.A.appealingB.amusingC.challengingD.disturbing

23.A.directionB•securityC.freedomD.responsibility

24.A.dutiesB.rewardsC.problemsD.expectations

25.A.visitsB.emailsC.updatesD.stretches

26.A.tiedB.inspiredC.guidedD.introduced

27.A.replyB.relaxC.reactD.read

28.A.extendedB.limitedC.relatedD.exposed

29.A.countedB•repeatedC.watchedD.followed

30.A.tidyingupB.puttingasideC.fittingintoD.gettingback

31.A.lazyB.tiredC.rudeD.mad

32.A.mixB•successC.balanceD.value

33.A.distanceB.memoryC.beginningD.training

34.A.promiseB.excuseC-answerD.change

35.A.maintainB.easeC.removeD・regain

三、语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Despitebeing75yearsold,ChaiTixia'sexpertiseinJianziistrulyimpressive.With

quickkicks,heeffortlesslysendstheJianziintotheairandgracefullyguidesittoland36

(gentle)onhishead.

Jianzi,37gamethatdatesbacktotheHanDynasty,issurprisinglysimple:

playersmustkeeptheJianziintheair,38(use)anypartoftheirbodyexcepttheir

试卷第7页，共10页

handsandarms.However,tomasterthisgame39(require)alotofpractice.

WhileenjoyedthroughoutChina,Jianzi4。(describe)byChaiasanimportant

aspectofhutongculture.Thenarrowalleyways,situatedwithinBeijing'sinnercity,provide

thesettingforthegame's41(popular).Eachmormning,Chaiandhisfellowhutong

residentsgatherfortheirsharedpassionforJianzi.

Chai'sspiritedmatcheswithhisneighborshaveabigaudience42(draw)tothe

artistryandexcitementofthegame.Theonlookerswhowatchthemplayingwithgreat

athleticismareamazedat43Chaiandhisfellowplayerscanachieve.

HavingpracticedJianziforover30years,Chaicherishesthephysicalandsocial44

(benefit)thegamebrings.Engaginginlivelymatcheswithhisneighborsenergizeshisbody,

enhanceshisflexibility,45promotesunitywithinthecommunity.ThroughJianzi,

Chaiharvestsnotonlyhealthbutasenseofbelongingandfriendship.

四、书信写作

46.在口语课上，外教Alex组织同学们讨论是否使用网络投票(onlinevoting)的方式评

选校园十佳歌手。请你代表小组发言，内容包括：

1.小组观点；

2.陈述理由。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Hello,everyone!

Thankyouforlistening!

五、书面表达

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短

试卷第8页，共10页

文。

Inourweeklystaffmeeting,oureditorAshleywasnotpleasedwiththequalityofour

reporting."Ourreadershipiswaydown.WeneedbetterstoriesforthisThursday'sschool

newspaper.Doesanybodyhaveanyideas?”shesaid.

IhandedhermyarticleaboutourbasketballteambeatingDeerfieldHighSchoolthe

previousnightbyonepoint."Sportsstoriesarefun,^^shesaid,"butnotgoodenoughforthe

frontpage.Weneedsomethingtoreallygetpeople'sattention.^^

Afterourmeeting,weleftthenewsroomtogetherandheardsomeonescreaming,'Terry

ismissing!,?Perrywasabigredparrotandhadbeenourschoolmascot（吉祥物fortenyears.

Heplayedanimportantroleinstudents9lives,bothinandoutofclass.Hehadalsobeena

constantpresenceatschoolevents,inspiringasenseofunityamongstudents.

EveryonegatheredaroundPerry'semptycage,heartbroken.Suddenly,astudentfrom

thecrowdcameoverandshowedmeaphoto."You'reareporterfortheschoolpaper,right?I

happenedtotakethisyesterday,9,hesaid.InthephotowasaDeerfieldHighSchool

basketballplayerwithsomethinglargehiddenunderhisshirtaroundthesizeofaparrot.

“HemusthavestolenPerrytogetbackatusforwinningthegame!^^Ashleycried.We

hurriedbacktothenewsroom,agreeingtorunthephotoonthefrontpagewiththeheadline

atDeerfeldStolePerry.”"Thisisjustthestoryweneed.Everyonewillreadit,“Ashleysaid

confidently.

Aftersheleft,Itookacloserlookatthephoto.Theclockinthebackgroundread4:15

pm,butourgameagainstDeerfieldhadn'tstarteduntil4:30pm.Whywouldtheboyhave

takenPerrybeforeweevenplayed?Anuneasyfeelingcameovermethatwemighthave

falselyaccusedsomeone.

IwenttoPerry'susualcaretakertoaskifheknewPerrywasmissing."He'snotmissing.

He'sretired.He'sreadyforsomequieterdays,“hesaid.Learningthetruth,Iimmediately

toldAshleyandsuggestedwritingastorytosaygoodbyetoPerry.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右：

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Tomysurprise,Ashleyinsistedonreportingthe“DeerfieldStolePerry"story.

试卷第9页，共10页

OnThursday,thepapercameoutwiththeheadline“Bye-Bye,Perry“onthefrontpage.

试卷第10页，共10页

参考答案:

1.A2.D3.B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇惠斯勒旅游指南，介绍了旅游特色和注意事项等。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段'Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.（游客可以尝试

徒步旅行或骑自行车上山）”可知，惠斯勒推荐活跃的旅行者骑车上山。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据第四段"Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretop

attractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashon

acab.（同时，拥有一辆车可以让你自由地探索像惠斯勒火车残骸和亚历山大瀑布这样的顶级

景点，而不必花很多钱打车）”可知，WhistlerTrainWreck最受游客欢迎。故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一短“Whistler'swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.

Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.（惠斯勒的荒野是许多黑熊和灰熊的家园。保持距离,

不要喂它们）”可知，旅客在惠斯勒禁止喂灰熊。故选B。

4.D5.B6.C7.A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。

4.推理判断题。根据第一段"Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthe

humansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesaw

theworld.Wordswerewhatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswersto

thosequestionsthemselves.（我曾经相信，只有语言才能捕捉到人类灵魂的本质。文学作品包

含了如此独特的故事，它们塑造了我们看待世界的方式。文字构成了我们试图揭示的问题,

以及这些问题本身的答案）”可推知，在第一段作者主要强调了语言的表达力量，故选D。

5.推理判断题o根据第四段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingaboutthe

equation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Onthe

rightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwo

opposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.（这个方程式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观

的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么

的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了）”可知，作者觉得这个等式很迷人，因为数字

虽然不同，但是却被等号连接起来了。由此推知，让作者觉得这个等式迷人的是两个不同的

数相等的方式。故选B。

答案第1页，共11页

6.词句猜测题。根据划线词下文Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitself

issounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornand

thedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.（等式的左边表

示有时候生命本身是如此的不可改变，如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期的具体整

数。但是生与死之间有一段距离厂可知，作者躺在床上思考的是这个等式与我们的存在是多

么相似，划线词paralleled的意思是“与...十分相似“，和mirrored意思相近，故选Co

7.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganother

equation（等式）：1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999repeatingitselfwithout

everending.（我的老师给出了另一个等式：1=0.9,也可以表示为1=0.99999……不断重复，

没有尽头）“和第五段'Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleft

sidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomething

endless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswere

connectedbyanequalsign.（这个等式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有

尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东

西被一个等号连接起来了）”可知，本文主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感

悟。由此可知，最恰当的标题是A选项“ThePerfectEquation（完美的等式）故选A。

8.D9.D10.B11.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是Wonder这本书的主要内容，这本书主要分析的

是为什么孩子们对外界事物的好奇会在四年级时急剧减少。

8.推理判断题。根据第二段DevelopmentalpsychologistSusanEngelnotesthatcuriositydefined

as'"spontaneous（自发的）“investigationandeagernessfornewinformation-dropsdramaticallyin

childrenbythefourthgrade.（发展心理学家SusanEngel指出，到四年级时，被定义为"自发”

调查的好奇心和对新信息的渴望会急剧下降。）“可知，四年级学生的常见问题是他们的学习

欲望急剧下降。故选D。

9.推理判断题。根据第四段“Children'squestions,particularlythoseabout"why"and"how”

supportthedevelopmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirday-to-day

reasoning.（孩子们的问题，特别是那些关于“为什么”和“如何”的问题，支持因果机制的发展,

可以用来帮助他们的日常推理。）”可知，从第4段可以推断出儿童的因果机制是通过孩子们

的提问发展起来的。故选D。

答案第2页，共11页

10.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupport

children'songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestion-asking,

andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.（在Wonder这本书中,Keil告诉我彳门,我

们可以通过和孩子们一起玩游戏，鼓励他们提问，关注他们推理和总结的能力，来支持孩子

们持续的惊奇。）”可知，根据Keil的说法，父母可以通过欢迎孩子们问问题来支持孩子们不

断的惊奇，故选B。

11.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecan

supportchildren'songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouraging

question-asking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.（在Wonder这本书中，Keil

告诉我们，我们可以通过和孩子们一起玩游戏，鼓励他们提问，关注他们推理和总结的能力，

来支持孩子们持续的惊奇。）”可知，本文主要介绍的是Wonder这本书的主要内容，因此这

本书是书评，故选A。

12.C13.B14.A15.B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开

创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料。解释了其实验过程以及其积极意义。

12.细节理解题。根据第一段'Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest一an

areaaboutthesizeofIceland-becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredict

theworld'sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersat

MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-like

plantmaterialsinalab.（每年，由于砍伐树木，世界上损失了大约1000万公顷的森林面

积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林可能会在100到200年

内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类

似木材的植物材料）”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故

选C。

13.主旨大意题。根据第二段'Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoung

plant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermedium

whichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones.Byadjustingthehormonelevels,the

researcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea

3Dprintertoshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthree

答案第3页，共11页

months.Finally,theresearchersdehydratethematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.（在实验室

里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后

转移到另一种含有营养物质和两种不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以

调节细胞的物理和机械特性。接下来，研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞基材料，并让成

型的材料在黑暗中生长三个月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量）”可知，第二

段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的关键程序。故选B。

14.细节理解题。根据第三段‘Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswith

morerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity,whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowth

ofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstractures

makestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-like

characteristics.（他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低,

而较高的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，

使植物材料更柔软或更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性）”可知，激素水平影响植物材

料的硬度。故选A。

15.细节理解题。根据最后——段'Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougive

aboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto'grow'anywoodenproductinawaythat

traditionalagriculturalmethodscan'tachieve.（该技术可以调整以满足对形状、大小、刚性和形

式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式“种植”任何木制品）”可知，贝伦斯

坦认为这项研究具有开创性因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选B。

16.E17.F18.G19.A20.D

【导语】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要以两种