2025届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材知识突破选修八Unit2Cloning学案新人教版

PAGEUnit2Cloning———————————◄基础盘点·自测自评►———————————eq\a\vs4\al(重点词汇)阅读单词快速排查本单元阅读词汇并在不相识的词汇前划√□twinn．&adj.□straightforwardadj.□arbitraryadj.□mediumn．□faten．□castvt.□moraladj.□conservativeadj.□constitutionn．□compulsoryadj.□operan．□chorusn．□loafn．□flourn．□impactn．□feathern．□turkeyn．□hatchvt.&vi.核心单词1.owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……2.bothervt.打搅vi.操劳n．烦扰3.obtainvt.获得；赢得4.exactadj.精确的；精确的5.attainvt.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)6.unableadj.不能的；不会的7.drawbackn．缺点；不利条件8.breakthroughn．突破9.altogetheradv.总共；完全地10.initialadj.最初的；起先的11.shortlyadv.立即；不久拓展单词1.differvi.不同；相异→differentadj.不同的→differencen．差异；区分2.undertakevt.着手；从事；担当→undertook(过去式)→undertaken(过去分词)3.correctionn．改正；修正；订正→correctvt.改正；订正；批改4.objectvi.反对；不赞成→objectionn．不赞成；反对；异议→objectiveadj.客观的5.mediumn．媒介；手段；工具→median.(medium的复数)大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)6.forbidvt.禁止；不准→forbade/forbad(过去式)→forbidden(过去分词)7.assumptionn．假定；设想→assumevt.假定；设想8.strikevt.&vi.打；撞击；罢工n．罢工→struck(过去式)→struck/stricken(过去分词)9.vainadj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的→vanityn．自负；虚荣心；无意义10.resistvt.反抗；对抗→resistancen．反抗；对抗→resistantadj.有反抗力的；抵制的(拓展速记1)11.merelyadv.仅；只；不过→mereadj.仅仅的12.decorationn．装饰→decoratevt.装饰；装修13.adorevt.崇拜；仰慕；宠爱→adorern．崇拜者；赞美者；酷爱者14.reasonableadj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的→reasonn．理由；道理[语境活用]用所给词的适当形式填空1.Everyoneisforbiddentoenterthisforbiddenground.(forbid)2.Inwesterncountries,everyfamilydecoratestheChristmastreeswithmaterialsonChristmasEve;thehometakesonawonderfullookwithallthesedecorations.(decorate)3.Nowadaysfewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofmoney.Whoeverisresistanttoitisboundtoachievealotintheirlife.(resist)4.Ididn'tsaythatIwantedtobuyitbutmerely(mere)askedfortheprice.5.Hisexplanationwasnotreasonable(reason),soallofusdidn'tacceptit.6.Don'tassumethatyouareaprincessandstoplivinginassumptionsanymore.(assume)7.Althoughtheyaretwins,theydifferfromeachotherinmanyaspects.Oneoftheirmajordifferencesisthattheyhavedifferentcharacters.(differ)8.Manypeopleraisedanobjectiontothenewsreport,arguingthatitisnotobjective.(object)走进高考1.obtain熟义：vt.获得；赢得生义：v.存在；沿袭Thelongerthissituationobtains,themoreextensivetheproblemsbecome.2.undertake熟义：vt.着手；从事；担当生义：v.承诺；承诺；答应HeundertooktofinishthejobbyFriday.eq\a\vs4\al(高频短语)1.payoff得到好结果；取得胜利；偿清(拓展速记2，3)2.castdown使悲观；使懊丧3.infavourof赞成；支持4.(be)boundto(do)...肯定或注定(做)……5.oone'sheart使……刻骨铭心6.fromtimetotime时常；间或7.bringbacktolife使复生；使复活8.invain白费劲气；枉费心机9.ingood/poorcondition状况很好(坏)；状况很好(坏)[语境活用]用左栏短语的适当形式填空1.Hisparentstriedtopersuadehimnottogiveuphiswell­paidjob,buttheireffortswereinvain.2.Theathlete'syearsofhardtrainingpaidoffwhenshefinallywontheOlympicgoldmedal.3.Don'tletyourselfbecastdownbyasmallfailureintheexperiment,tryagain.4.Inancienttimes,peoplebelievedthattheycouldbebroughtbacktolifeafterdeath.5.You'vedonesomuchworkthatyouareboundtopasstheexam.6.Heisingoodconditionforamanofhisage.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式)1.that引导同位语从句[原句]ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。[仿写]我们足球队赢了竞赛的消息令人鼓舞。Thenewsthatourfootballteamhadwonthematchwasencouraging.2.疑问词＋插入语＋其他部分[原句]Whatdoyouthinkisthewriter'spointofviewinthisreadingpassage？你认为在这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么？[仿写]这本书中你认为哪一部分最好玩？Whichpartofthisbookdoyouthinkisthemostinteresting？3.Theadvantageisthat...“优势是……”[原句]Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.其优点是假如发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。[仿写]骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。Theadvantageofcyclingtoworkisthatwecanlivealow­carbonlife.eq\a\vs4\al(拓展速记)1.“resist”形近词集锦assistv．帮助assistantn．助手consistvi.由……组成consistentadj.始终如一的insistv．坚持resistvt.反抗2.“v.＋off”短语小结(一)breakoff打断；折断；中止；中断carryoff夺走；赢走(奖项)comeoff从……离开；脱落cutoff切断dropoff(纽扣等)脱落；(使、让)下车getoff下车；脱下giveoff发出(光、热、气等)gooff走开；(铃)响了keepoff勿踏；勿踩payoff得到好结果；取得胜利；偿清3.“v.＋off”短语小结(二)putoff推迟；延迟seeoff送行sendoff寄出；发出(信件等)setoff动身；燃放(烟火等)；激起showoff炫耀shutoff关闭takeoff脱下；起飞；胜利turnoff关闭(水、电器等)———————————◄考点串讲·重点突破►———————————1．differvi.不同；相异；(看法)有分歧|对接高考|——单句语法填空①(2024年全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解)Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently(different)．②(2024年北京卷阅读理解)Iknewitwasthedifference(different)betweenlifeanddeath.③(2024年江苏卷阅读理解)Beforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.④(2024年北京卷阅读理解)Becauseacollegecommunity(群体)differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.|考点归纳|(1)differfrom...不同于……；和……不同differin...在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/oversth.在某事上和某人有分歧/异议(2)makeadifferenceto...对……有影响/起作用tellthedifferencebetweenAandB分清A和B(3)bedifferentfrom...in...在……方面与……不同2．objectvi.反对；不赞成n．物体；目标|对接高考|——单句语法填空①Itisnecessarytoholdanobjective(object)attitudetowardsratings.②Despiteobjections(object)bytheWhiteHouse，theSenatevotedtodaytocutoffaid.③However,othersstronglyobjecttoowning(own)privatecars.|考点归纳|(1)objecttosb./sth.反对；不赞成某人/某事objecttodoingsth.反对做某事(2)objectionn．反对；厌恶；不赞成；异议raiseanobjectiontosth.对某事提出异议have/makean/noobjectionto(doing)sth.对(做)某事表示反对/不反对(3)objectiveadj.真实的；客观的；无偏见的|实力提升|——句型转换④Moreandmorestudentsobjecttotheplan.→Moreandmorestudentsraise/have/makeanobjectiontotheplan.(objection)3．forbidvt.禁止；不准|对接高考|——单句语法填空①Theguardforbadeustolook(look)outofthewindowwhenthetrainwasmoving.②Theregulationsforbidsmoking(smoke)inthelibrary.③InsomeMiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshisforbidden(forbid),especiallyifyou'reawoman.|考点归纳|forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事It'sforbiddentodosth.做某事是禁止的4．owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归因于……；归功于……|对接高考|——单句语法填空/单句改错①Owing(owe)toherbalanceddietandregularexercise,sheisveryslim.②WeowetoomuchtoourPLAmen,withoutwhomwecouldn'thavesurvivedthedisaster.③Heowestohisfatherthathehasbeensosuccessful.owes后加it|考点归纳|(1)owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb.欠某人某物；把某事归功于某人oweittosb.todosth.应当为某人做某事(2)owingto由于5．bothervt.打搅vi.操劳n．烦扰；令人苦恼的事或人|对接高考|——单句语法填空①Didyouhavebotherinfinding(find)thehouse?②Iamsorrytohavebotheredyouwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.③Itbothersmetothink(think)ofheraloneinthatbighouse.|考点归纳|(1)bothertodo/doingsth.费心做某事Itbotherssb.that/todosth.使某人苦恼的是做某事bothersb.withsth.用某事麻烦某人(2)putsb.toanybother给某人添乱whybother没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦6．strikevt.&vi.打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响报(时)；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起n．罢工；打击|对接高考|——写出下列黑体单词的含义①Thelittlegirlstruckamatchandlitacandle.擦(火柴)②Asnowstormstruckthecitylastmonth.攻击③TheworkersinFrancehavebeenonstrikeforseveraldays.罢工④Thevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyofthetouristarea.给……以深刻印象⑤AwonderfulideastruckmesuddenlywhenIwaswalkingonthestreet.突然想起⑥Igotupearlythismorningbeforetheclockstruckfive.(钟)报时|考点归纳|(1)bestruckwith/by...为……所攻击(感动)Itstrikesmethat...我突然想到……；我的印象是……sth.strikessb.(＝sb.strikesonsth.)某人想到某事(2)beonstrike在罢工goonstrike实行罢工|实力提升|——完成句子⑦StruckbythebeautyoftheWestLake(被西湖的美景所感动),westoppedtoadmirethebeautifulscenery.⑧Itstruckmethat(我突然想到)playingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmomentforallthegirlsontheteam.7．payoff得到好结果；取得胜利；偿清|对接高考|——单句语法填空①Whatdelightedhimwasthatheatlastpaidoffallhisdebts.②Hehadtoworkpart­timesoastopayforhisschoolfee.③Iamsurethathewillpaybackeverycentheowesyou.|考点归纳|payback偿还(欠款)；报复；回报payforsth.付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价paysb.forsth.因某事物给某人酬劳payavisitto参观；探望payattentionto留意；留心8．ingood/poorcondition状况很好(坏)；状况很好(坏)|对接高考|——完成句子①Youcankeepthebookfortwoweeksonconditionthat(条件是)youpreservethemwell.②Onnoconditionshouldyouloseheart(你绝不应当丢失信念)whenyouareintrouble.③Mikeisoutofcondition(身体不好)becausehenevertakesanyexercise.|考点归纳|(1)outofcondition健康状况欠佳(2)onconditionthat...条件是……；倘如……onnocondition一点也不；绝不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)(3)working/living/studyingconditions工作/生活/学习环境9．Theadvantageisthat...优势是……(教材佳句)Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.其优点是假如发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。|对接高考|——单句语法填空①Theadvantageoftheapproachisthatwecansavemoney.②Thechanceisthathewon'tattendthemeetingtomorrow.|考点归纳|thechanceisthat...有可能……thedisadvantage(of...)isthat...(……的)不足是……thedrawback(of...)isthat...(……的)缺点是……theproblem(of...)isthat...(……的)问题是……thestrength(of...)isthat...(……的)优势是……●eq\a\vs4\al(学问主线串记——————————————————————————)Part1Part2Whenitcomestocloning,people'sideasdiffer.Somepeopleareinfavourofitsdevelopment.Somefeelcastdownbecausetheythinkitisnotmorallyreasonableandshouldbeforbidden.Actuallymanycountriesundertakeitandobtaingreatbreakthroughs.Soweareunabletoresistit.Areyouinfavourofcloninghumanbeings?Especiallywhenyourhealthisinpoorcondition,youdefinitelywanttobringyourselfbacktolife.However，forsomediseases，traditionaltreatmentsareofteninvain.Fromtimetotimescientiststhinkofwaystotreatthem,oneofwhichiscloning.———————————◄随堂检测·基础过关►———————————Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theseearlysettlersowedtheirsurvivaltohardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.2．Idon'twanttoputhimtoanybother,soItrydoingitbymyself.3．TheeffortsmadebyJackandhisparentspaidoff．4．I'mgladthattheworkingconditionshereare(be)good.5．Hetraveledalloverthenationafterheretiredfromwork.6．WhenclimbingMountHuanglastyear,allthetouristswerestruck(strike)byitsbeauty.7．Thedriverwasatalosswhenwordcamethathewasforbiddentodrive(drive)forspeeding.8．Shetriedtokeepherfatherfromsmoking,butinvain.9．Thebestwaytoundertakebigprojectsistoforce(force)themintoyourschedule.10．Ihaveasweettoothandcan'tresisteating(eat)chocolateandicecream.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Iowetoyouanapology.Youmusthavefoundmyattitudeveryannoying._________________________________________________________________答案：去掉to2．Mygrandmothertakesexerciseeveryday,andsheisinagoodconditionnow._________________________________________________________________答案：去掉a3．Thedisadvantageiswedon'thaveagoodcommandofEnglish._________________________________________________________________答案：is后加that4．Itsuddenlystrucktomethatweoughttomakeanewplan._________________________________________________________________答案：去掉第一个to5．Thisbothersmethathehasn'tbeentellingmethetruth._________________________________________________________________答案：This→It———————————◄话题拓展·素养升华►———————————Ⅰ.课文里的高考依据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Cloningis1.awayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalorplant.2.Ithastwomajoruses.Oneisthatgardenersuseittoproducecommercialquantitiesofplants.The3.otheristhatitis4.valuable(value)forresearchonnewplantspeciesandformedicalresearchonanimals.However，theprocessofcloningisdifficult5.toundertake(undertake)．Thefirstsuccessfulclone，Dollythesheep，6.made(make)thewholescientificworldfollowitsprocess,thoughithad7.more(many)problemsthanthenormalsheep.Butontheotherhand,Dolly's8.appearance(appear)raisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpact9.on