广东省惠州市惠城区惠州中学2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题（解析版）

惠州中学2023级高二年级上学期期中考试英语科试卷卷面满分120分,考试用时120分钟第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACallingAllHighSchoolStudentsApplytoTheDaily’sSummer2023JournalismWorkshop!!ClickhereforanapplicationformTheapplicationdeadlinehasbeenextendedtoJune2at11:59pm.Joinusforourannualsummereight-weekjournalismworkshop!TheprogramrunsfromJune26toAugust18,2023.Inourprogram,we’llteachhighschoolersthefundamentalsthroughreal-worldreportingtasks.SomewritersmayevengettheopportunitytopublishtheirworkonTheStanfordDaily’swebsiteastheyreceiveone-on-oneguidancefromDailyeditorsinweeklycheck-inmeetingsandlessons.Evenifyou’vedoneaprogramwithusbefore,you’resuretolearnnewskills,encounternewchallenges,andlevelupyourjournalisticskills!Wehaveall-newcontentandguestspeakerswithfreshandexcitingperspectivestobringtothetable.Itisopentoparticipantsofallskilllevels—oureditorswillworkwithyouatwhateverpaceyou’recomfortablewithandgetyouuptospeedregardlessofyourlevelofexperience.Overthecourseoftheeight-weekjournalismworkshop,participantswillgethands-onexperienceintheend-to-endprocessofnewsreporting,including:Howtofindstoriesandassess(评估)theirnewsworthinessHowtoidentifyandinterviewsourcesHowtocreatewell-structured,interestingnewspiecesHowtowritebreakingnewsInadditiontowriting,studentswillhavetheopportunitytolearnmultimediaanddigitalskills,ultimatelygainingexposuretothecomplete,real,end-to-endexperienceofworkinginjournalism.1Whatisthepurposeofthejournalismworkshop?A.Toexposehighschoolerstotherealworld.B.TobringTheStanfordDailytoalargeraudience.C.ToselectpotentialwritersforTheStanfordDaily.D.Toequiphighschoolerswithskillsofnewsreporting.2.Whatcanparticipantsdointheworkshop?A.Startupanewswritingwebsite.B.ChairweeklymeetingsofDaily’seditors.C.AssesstheworkofDaily’sjournalists.D.Getpersonalizedguidancefromprofessionals.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anactivityschedule. B.Anonlineadvertisement.C.Acoursereview. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是《每日新闻》2023年夏季新闻工作坊的招募广告。【1题】推理判断题。根据第六段“Evenifyou’vedoneaprogramwithusbefore,you’resuretolearnnewskills,encounternewchallenges,andlevelupyourjournalisticskills!(即使你以前和我们一起做过一个项目，你一定会学到新的技能，遇到新的挑战，并提高你的新闻技能！)”可知，新闻研讨会的目的是培养中学生新闻报道技能。故选D。【2题】细节理解题。根据第五段“SomewritersmayevengettheopportunitytopublishtheirworkonTheStanfordDaily’swebsiteastheyreceiveone-on-oneguidancefromDailyeditorsinweeklycheck-inmeetingsandlessons.(一些作者甚至有机会在《斯坦福日报》的网站上发表他们的作品，因为他们在每周的签到会议和课程中得到《日报》编辑的一对一指导)”可知，参加者可以在工作坊中获得专业人士的个性化指导。故选D。【3题】推理判断题。根据第二段“Clickhereforanapplicationform(按此索取申请表格)”可推知，本文是一篇网上的广告。故选B。BThe“GotTalent”crewisoneofthepioneersinfindingandpublicizingmusictalentandhasbeengivingtheworldsomeofitsmostfavoriteartistsforalmosttwodecades.In2023,“Britain’sGotTalent”(BGT)uncoveredamusicalgeniusnamedMalakaiBayohwhoimpressedtheaudiencewithperfecthigh-notesinging.TheLondon-based13-year-oldboyappearedfortheshow’saudition(海选)inApril,2023andwasaccompaniedbyhismomandsister.“Mybigdreamistobeanoperasinger.Istartedsingingat7,”saidMalakaitotheBGTteam.Hethenaddedjokingly,“Mymommademejointhechoirbecauseshe’sverybossy.”Theteenagermentionedshewashisbiggestfan.Malakai’smomwasworriedashewasabouttoperformandsaid,“Itscaresmebecause,onhisfirstshow,somebodyheckled(对……起哄)him.Itwassadtoseesomeonebooachildonstagebecauseitmightdestroyhisconfidencecompletely.”Contrarytohismom’sfear,Malakaisetthestageonfiresingingabeautifulsongandtheentirecrowdwasimpressedbyhisamazingvoice.Asheendedhissong,theaudienceandthejudgesgavehimabigroundofapplause.TheperformancewonhimSimonCowell’sGoldenBuzzer,sendinghimstraighttothesemi-finalsoftheshow.TheotherjudgescalledMalakai’sperformance“perfect”and“heavenly”Hisangelicvoiceblewtheaudienceawayandthejudgesthankedtheteenforcomingtotheshow.MalakaiwentontobecomeoneofthefinalistsoftheshowandsignedarecorddealwithUniversalMusic.Malakai’sauditionattheBGTwentviralonsocialmedia,“I’matrainedsinger,andamusicteacherbyprofession,andsangthissongasayoungperformermyself.IcansaywithabsolutecertaintythisisthebestI’veeverheardthissongsung,withpropertechniqueandproperbreathing.Thisboyisagiftedsinger,”@mayacorinne878posted.4.WhatmadeMalakai’smomfeelworried?A.Thejudge’sexpression. B.Herson’sperformanceonstage.C.Abadexperience. D.Herson’sdifficultyinsinginginpublic.5.Whatdoesthephrase“setthestageonfire”inparagraph3implyaboutMalakai’sperformance?A.Heaccidentallycausedaliteralfireduringhisperformance.B.Hisperformancewasextremelypassionateandenergetic.C.Hisperformancereceivedthelowestratingpossible.D.Herefusedtoperformunlesscertainconditionsweremet.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMalakai’stalent?A.Hehasaveragetalentbutiswell-receivedduetohisage.B.Hehasexceptionaltalentthatisrecognizedbybothprofessionalsandthepublic.C.Hehastalent,buthisperformancewasnotenoughtosendhimtothesemi-finals.D.Helackstalent,buthisstorytouchedtheheartsoftheaudience.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theriseofayoungoperasinger. B.Theimpactofsocialmediaonmusictalent.C.Thehistoryof“GotTalent”shows. D.Thechallengesfacedbyyoungperformers.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一个音乐天才的发掘。2023年，《英国达人秀》发掘了一位名叫MalakaiBayoh的音乐天才，他以完美的高音演唱给观众留下了深刻印象。他的天赋不仅得到了评委和观众们的认可，也得到了专业音乐人士的认可。【4题】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Malakai’smomwasworriedashewasabouttoperformandsaid,“Itscaresmebecause,onhisfirstshow,somebodyheckledhim.Itwassadtoseesomeonebooachildonstagebecauseitmightdestroyhisconfidencecompletely.”(Malakai的妈妈在他要表演的时候很担心，她说：“这让我很害怕，因为在他第一次表演的时候，有人起哄。看到有人在台上嘘一个孩子，我很难过，因为这可能会彻底摧毁他的信心。”)”可知，Malakai第一次在台上表演时遭遇了不好的对待，这样的经历让Malakai的妈妈对他将要进行的表演感到担心。故选C项。【5题】词义猜测题。根据后文“theentirecrowdwasimpressedbyhisamazingvoice.Asheendedhissong,theaudienceandthejudgesgavehimabigroundofapplause.(……整个人群都被他惊人的声音所打动。当他结束他的歌曲时，观众和评委给了他热烈的掌声。)”可知，他的演唱将观众打动，观众和评委给他以热烈的掌声，由此推知，他的表演应该是充满激情和魅力的，因此可推知，使用“setthestageonfire”应是表明他的表演充满激情和魅力，就像在舞台上放了一把火，燃起了观众的共鸣。故选B项。【6题】推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“TheotherjudgescalledMalakai’sperformance‘perfect’and‘heavenly’.Hisangelicvoiceblewtheaudienceawayandthejudgesthankedtheteenforcomingtotheshow.(其他评委称马拉凯的表现“完美”、“天籁”。他天使般的声音震撼了观众，评委们也感谢了这位少年的到来。)”以及第五段内容“I’matrainedsinger,andamusicteacherbyprofession,andsangthissongasayoungperformermyself.IcansaywithabsolutecertaintythisisthebestI’veeverheardthissongsung,withpropertechniqueandproperbreathing.Thisboyisagiftedsinger...(我是一名训练有素的歌手，也是一名音乐教师，我自己年轻时就唱了这首歌。我可以绝对肯定地说，这是我听过这首歌唱得最好的一次，技巧和呼吸都很到位。这个男孩是一个有天赋的歌手……)”可知，他的表演不仅被评委认为是“完美的，天籁的”，他的声音也震撼了观众，而且还受到了专业人士的肯定。由此可推知，他有杰出的才能，得到了专业人士和公众的认可。故选B项。【7题】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章内容可知，文章第一段内容“In2023,‘Britain’sGotTalent’(BGT)uncoveredamusicalgeniusnamedMalakaiBayohwhoimpressedtheaudiencewithperfecthigh-notesinging.(2023年，《英国达人秀》发掘了一位名叫MalakaiBayoh的音乐天才，他以完美的高音演唱给观众留下了深刻印象。)”揭示了文章的主要内容，即，文章主要讲述了一个有着完美高音的音乐天才MalakaiBayoh的发掘。故选A项。CForadultswhohavestruggledwithunderstandingnewmathhomeworkorsurprisedathowquicklykidscanlearnasecondlanguage,thereisnewevidencethatshowskidscanreallylearnthingsmuchfasterthanadults.AstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyfindsthatchildrenandadultshavedifferentconcentrationsofakeybrainmessengercalledgamma-aminobutyricacid,orGABA.Thismessengerslowsdownthebrainbyblockingspecificsignalsinthebody’scentralnervoussystem.Italsoproducesacalmingeffectandisthoughttoplayamajorroleincontrollingtheoveractivityofnervecellsassociatedwithanxiety,stressandfear.Allthesecontributetothelearningofnewthings.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromBrownUniversityusedneuro-imagingtechniquestoexaminevisualperceptive(视觉感知的)learninginelementaryschool-agedchildrenandadults.Participantswereshownanumberofdifferentimagesandwerelateraskedquestionsaboutthemfollowingthetest.VisuallearningcausedanincreaseofGABAinchildren’svisualcortex,theareaofthebrainthatprocessesvisualinformation.However,GABAlevelsdidn’tchangeintheadultswhotookthesamevisualtests.Inaddition,childrenparticipantskeptthatGABAincreaseforhoursaftertrainingended,whiletheconcentrationsofGABAremainedthesameintheadultsstudied.“Insubsequentbehavioralexperiments,wefoundthatchildrenindeedlearnmoreitemswithinagivenperiodoftimethanadults.”saidSebastianM.Frank,theco-authorofthestudy.“OurresultsthereforepointtoGABAasakeyplayerinmakinglearningmoreefficientinchildren.”Theseresults,theauthorsargue,shouldencourageteachersandparentstokeepgivingchildrenopportunitiestolearnanythingfromridingabiketoplayinganinstrumentthroughouttheirchildhood.Thefindingsmayalsochangeneuro-scientists’conceptionofbrainmaturityinchildren.“Althoughchildren’sbrainsarenotyetfullymatureandmanyoftheirbehavioralandcognitivefunctionsarenotasefficientasinadults,childrenarenot,ingeneral,surpassedintheirlearningabilitiesbyadults,”saidstudyco-authorTakeoWatanabe.8.What’sthefunctionofGABA?A.Sendspecificmessagestothebrain. B.Dealwithcomplexmathproblems.C.Makethenervoussystemmoreactive. D.Increaseefficiencyinlearningnewthings.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthechildrentakingthevisualtest?A.TheirGABAconcentrationskeptincreasingaftertraining.B.Theirlearningabilitiesstillneededtobeimproved.C.Theycouldremembermoreimagesthanadults.D.Theyweresurpassedbyadultsinlearningabilities.10.Howdidtheresearchersdotheresearch?A.Bycomparingparticipants’reaction. B.Byanalyzingstatistics.C.Bycollectingrelativeevidence. D.Byconductingonlinesurvey11.WhatdoesTakeoWatanabewanttosayinthelastparagraph?A.Neuro-scientistsdon’tfullyunderstandbrainmaturityinchildren.B.Childrenarenotmatureintheirbehaviorandcognition.C.Ittakesalongtimeforchildren’sbrainstobefullymature.D.Children’sbrainmaturitydoesnotaffecttheirlearningabilities.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了对于那些很难理解新的数学作业或对孩子学习第二语言的速度感到惊讶的成年人来说，有新的证据表明，孩子学习东西的速度真的比成年人快得多。解释了研究开展的经过和发现。【8题】细节理解题。根据第二段“AstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyfindsthatchildrenandadultshavedifferentconcentrationsofakeybrainmessengercalledgamma-aminobutyricacid,orGABA.Thismessengerslowsdownthebrainbyblockingspecificsignalsinthebody’scentralnervoussystem.Italsoproducesacalmingeffectandisthoughttoplayamajorroleincontrollingtheoveractivityofnervecellsassociatedwithanxiety,stressandfear.Allthesecontributetothelearningofnewthings.(发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项研究发现，儿童和成人大脑中一种名为γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的关键信使的浓度不同。这种信使通过阻断身体中枢神经系统中的特定信号来减慢大脑的速度。它还具有镇静作用，被认为在控制与焦虑、压力和恐惧相关的神经细胞的过度活动方面发挥着重要作用。所有这些都有助于学习新事物)”可知，GABA的功能是提高学习新事物的效率。故选D。【9题】细节理解题。根据第四段“Inaddition,childrenparticipantskeptthatGABAincreaseforhoursaftertrainingended,whiletheconcentrationsofGABAremainedthesameintheadultsstudied.(此外，儿童参与者在训练结束后的几个小时内GABA的浓度都在增加，而成人参与者的GABA浓度则保持不变)”可知，参加视力测试的孩子训练后GABA浓度持续升高。故选A。【10题】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Insubsequentbehavioralexperiments,wefoundthatchildrenindeedlearnmoreitemswithinagivenperiodoftimethanadults.(在随后的行为实验中，我们发现孩子们在一段时间内确实比成年人学到了更多的东西)”可知，研究人员通过比较参与者的反应进行研究。故选A。【11题】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thefindingsmayalsochangeneuro-scientists’conceptionofbrainmaturityinchildren.“Althoughchildren’sbrainsarenotyetfullymatureandmanyoftheirbehavioralandcognitivefunctionsarenotasefficientasinadults,childrenarenot,ingeneral,surpassedintheirlearningabilitiesbyadults,”saidstudyco-authorTakeoWatanabe.(这一发现也可能改变神经科学家对儿童大脑成熟度的看法。研究报告的合著者TakeoWatanabe说：“虽然儿童的大脑还没有完全成熟，他们的许多行为和认知功能还没有成年人那么有效，但总的来说，儿童的学习能力并没有被成年人超越。”)”可知，TakeoWatanabe在最后一段想说儿童大脑的成熟度并不影响他们的学习能力。故选D。DArtificialintelligence(AI)modelshavelongsurpassedjustcreatingtextresponsesandimages.Now,withonlyonesentence,OpenAI’slatesttext-to-videomodel,Sora,canturnyourwordsintovideowithgoodvisualqualitywhilefaithfullyfollowingyourcontentinstructions.Soraissaidtobesuperiortomanyotherexistingmodelswithsimilarfunctions.TheAImodelcancreatevideosatsuitableaspectratios(屏幕高宽比)fordifferentdevices.Italsoletsusersquicklytestoutcontentinlowerqualitybeforemakingthehigh-qualityversion,whichhelpsspeedupoutputaccordingtotheuser’srequests.Asidefromthis,itsabilitytopresentvideosinarealisticandsmoothmannerisastonishing.Soracancreatedetailedsceneswithseveralcharacters,specifictypesofmotion,andaccuratesubjectandbackgrounddetails.Beyondtheuser’srequests,italsounderstandshowtheseelementsexistintherealworld.Forexample,reflectionsinthewaterchangeasawomanwalksby.Sora’samazingperformancewouldn’tbepossiblewithoutitshelpfulassistant,ChatGPT,whichtransformssimplesentencesintodetaileddescriptions,improvingtheaccuracyofoutput.However,thecurrentmodelisn’tperfect.Itmayhavetroubleaccuratelyshowinghowthingsmoveinacomplicatedsceneandmightnotgethowoneactionleadstoanother.Forexample,ifsomeoneeatspartofacookieinaSora-madevideo,thecookiemightnotlooklikeit’sbeenbitteninto.Themodelmightmixupdirectionsandfindithardtodescribeeventsintherightorder.OnepossiblereasonisthatSoralearnseachbasicunitofavideo,knownasaspacetimepatch(时空补丁),independently.Soraisstillinthetestingstageofdevelopment.OpenAIisnowinvitingnetworksecurityprofessionalstomakerandomattacksonSora’ssystem,aimingtotestthemodel’spossibleweaknessesandrisks.Sorahasalsobeenopentosomevisualartists,designersandfilmmakers.TheirfeedbackwillassistOpenAIinenhancingthemodeltobetterservecreativeprofessionals.12.Whatisthemainfocusofparagraph2and3?A.Sora’sdevelopment. B.Sora’sdiversity.C.Sora’scapabilities. D.Sora’spopularity.13.Whydoestheauthorprovidetheexampleinparagraph5?A.TohighlightSora’spotentialsafetyrisks. B.ToillustrateSora’sexistinglimitations.C.ToshowcaseSora’sperfectperformance. D.Toexplaintheconceptofaspacetimepatch.14.WhatcanweknowaboutSorauptonow?A.Ithasbeenmadeavailabletovariousindustries. B.Itscommercialreleasehasbeencalledoff.C.Ithasexposedalarmingsecurityissues. D.Itisundergoingtestingandimprovement.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Sora:Leadthewayincreatingvideos B.Sora:SurpassexistingChatGPTC.Sora:Generatearichvarietyofvideos D.Sora:Aperfecttext-to-videoAImodel【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了最新的文本到视频模型Sora可以将文字转换为视觉质量良好的视频，同时忠实地遵循您的内容说明，文章讲述了这个视频模型的优势以及局限性。【12题】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Soraissaidtobesuperiortomanyotherexistingmodelswithsimilarfunctions.TheAImodelcancreatevideosatsuitableaspectratios(屏幕高宽比)fordifferentdevices.Italsoletsusersquicklytestoutcontentinlowerqualitybeforemakingthehigh-qualityversion,whichhelpsspeedupoutputaccordingtotheuser’srequests.(据说Sora比许多具有类似功能的其他现有型号优越。人工智能模型可以为不同的设备创建合适的长宽比视频。它还允许用户在制作高质量版本之前快速测试低质量的内容，这有助于根据用户的要求加快输出速度)”以及第三段“Asidefromthis,itsabilitytopresentvideosinarealisticandsmoothmannerisastonishing.(除此之外，它以逼真和流畅的方式呈现视频的能力令人惊讶)”可知，这两段主要讲述Sora的能力。故选C。【13题】推理判断题。根据第五段“However,thecurrentmodelisn’tperfect.Itmayhavetroubleaccuratelyshowinghowthingsmoveinacomplicatedsceneandmightnotgethowoneactionleadstoanother.(然而，目前的模式并不完美。它可能无法准确地显示复杂场景中的事物如何移动，也可能无法理解一个动作如何导致另一个动作)”以及接下来的例子“Forexample,ifsomeoneeatspartofacookieinaSora-madevideo,thecookiemightnotlooklikeit’sbeenbitteninto.Themodelmightmixupdirectionslikeleftandright,andfindithardtodescribeeventsintherightorder.(例如，如果有人在Sora制作的视频中吃了一部分饼干，饼干可能看起来不像被咬过。模型可能会混淆方向，如左和右，并发现很难以正确的顺序描述事件)”可推断，下文的例子是为了说明Sora的局限性。故选B。【14题】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Soraisstillinthetestingstageofdevelopment.OpenAIisnowinvitingnetworksecurityprofessionalstomakerandomattacksonSora’ssystem,aimingtotestthemodel’spossibleweaknessesandrisks.Sorahasalsobeenopentosomevisualartists,designersandfilmmakers.TheirfeedbackwillassistOpenAIinenhancingthemodeltobetterservecreativeprofessionals.(Sora仍处于测试开发阶段。OpenAI现在正在邀请网络安全专家对Sora的系统进行随机攻击，旨在测试该模型可能存在的弱点和风险。Sora也向一些视觉艺术家、设计师和电影制作人开放。他们的反馈将有助于OpenAI改进模型，更好地为创意专业人士服务)”可知，Sora正在进行测试和改进。故选D。【15题】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Artificialintelligence(AI)modelshavelongsurpassedjustcreatingtextresponsesandimages.Now,withonlyonesentence,OpenAI’slatesttext-to-videomodel,Sora,canturnyourwordsintovideowithgoodvisualqualitywhilefaithfullyfollowingyourcontentinstructions.(人工智能模型早已不仅仅是创建文本响应和图像。现在，只需一句话，OpenAI最新的文本到视频模型Sora就可以将您的文字转换为视觉质量良好的视频，同时忠实地遵循您的内容说明)”结合文章主要讲述了最新的文本到视频模型Sora可以将文字转换为视觉质量良好的视频，同时忠实地遵循您的内容说明，文章讲述了这个视频模型的优势以及局限性。可知，A选项“Sora：引领视频创作”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingagoodfriendisn’talwayseasy.Nevertheless,takingthetimetodevelopalastingfriendshipiswortheveryounceofeffort.___16___Hereareafewthingsyoucandotobeagoodfriendtoothers.Maketimeforeachother___17___Themarkofagoodfriendissomeonewhomakestimeforyouandmakesspendingtimewithyouapriority.Agoodfriendwillalsolookforopportunitiestomaximizethetimeyouhavetogetherbyseekingfunanduniqueexperiencesthatstrengthenandmaintainyourbond.OpenupandalloweachothertobevulnerableAgoodfriendissomeonegenuine,someonewithwhomyoucanbeyourselfandtheycanbethemselvesaroundyou.Agoodfriendallowsyoutobevulnerablewiththemandviceversa,meaningyoucanexposeyouremotionsandcircumstanceswitheachotherandtrustoneanothertolisten,besupportive,andhaveeachother’sbestinterestsatheart.___18___Ifyourfriendhurtyou,don’tbeafraidtotalkaboutit.___19___Itisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofbeingagoodfriend.Yourfriendwillneedyouforsupport,especiallyinhardtimes.Nobodywantstobefriendswithsomeonewhoactuallyisn’tinterestedinthem.It’shardtorelyonapersonwhodoesn’tbehaveinatrustworthyway.Weallknowwell-intentionedpeoplewhosay,“Okay,Iwill...”butneverfollowthrough.Ifthat’syou,beawarethatyou’redestroyingyourfriends’trust.Eventually,they’llstopbelievingwhatyousay.Apologizewhenyou’vemadeamistake.Ifyouwantyourfriendstotrustyou,thenyoucan’tactlikeyou’reperfect.Ifyouknowyou’vemadeamistake,ownuptoitinsteadofdenying.Thoughyourfriendswon’tbehappythatyoumadeamistake,they’llbeverypleasedthatyou’rematureenoughtoadmititinsteadofjustpretendingthatnothingiswrong,orworse—blamingitonsomeoneelse.___20___Letyourfriendshearthesincerityinyourvoice.A.Bedependable.B.Beagoodlistener.C.Whenyoudoso,youshouldmeanit.D.Agoodfriendiswillingtosticktheirneckoutonbehalfoftheirfriends.E.Itwillcontributetodirectlinesofcommunicationbetweenbothofyou.FFriendshipsgrowthroughsharedexperiencesandqualitytimetogether.G.Becausegoodfriendshipsprovideasenseofbelongingandsecurity,knowingyouareloved.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些成为别人好朋友的建议和方法。【16题】根据上文“Beingagoodfriendisn’talwayseasy.Nevertheless,takingthetimetodevelopalastingfriendshipiswortheveryounceofeffort.(做一个好朋友并不总是那么容易。然而，花时间发展一段持久的友谊是值得付出一切努力的)”可知，本句应该说明值得花时间发展持久友谊的原因，故G选项“因为好的友谊会给你一种归属感和安全感，知道你被爱着”符合语境，故选G。【17题】根据后文“Themarkofagoodfriendissomeonewhomakestimeforyouandmakesspendingtimewithyouapriority.Agoodfriendwillalsolookforopportunitiestomaximizethetimeyouhavetogetherbyseekingfunanduniqueexperiencesthatstrengthenandmaintainyourbond.(好朋友的标志是他会为你腾出时间，并把和你在一起的时间放在首位。好朋友也会寻找机会，通过寻找有趣和独特的经历来最大限度地延长你们在一起的时间，从而加强和维持你们的关系)”可知，后文主要说明了好朋友会为彼此腾出时间，通过经历来维持关系，即通过共同经历来发展友谊。故F选项“友谊在共同经历和共度美好时光中成长”符合语境，故选F。【18题】根据上文“Agoodfriendallowsyoutobevulnerablewiththemandviceversa,meaningyoucanexposeyouremotionsandcircumstanceswitheachotherandtrustoneanothertolisten,besupportive,andhaveeachother’sbestinterestsatheart.(一个好朋友允许你在他们面前脆弱，反之亦然，这意味着你可以在彼此面前暴露你的情绪和情况，信任彼此，互相倾听，支持彼此，并把彼此的最大利益放在心上)”可知，上文提到了有好朋友的各种好处，故本句承接上文说明这么做的好处：有助于你们双方之间的直接沟通。故E选项“这将有助于你们双方之间的直接沟通”符合语境，故选E。【19题】根据本段内容“Itisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofbeingagoodfriend.Yourfriendwillneedyouforsupport,especiallyinhardtimes.Nobodywantstobefriendswithsomeonewhoactuallyisn’tinterestedinthem.It’shardtorelyonapersonwhodoesn’tbehaveinatrustworthyway.Weallknowwell-intentionedpeoplewhosay,“Okay,Iwill...”butneverfollowthrough.Ifthat’syou,beawarethatyou’redestroyingyourfriends’trust.Eventually,they’llstopbelievingwhatyousay.(这是成为好朋友最重要的方面之一。你的朋友需要你的支持，尤其是在困难时期。没有人想和对自己不感兴趣的人做朋友。很难依赖一个行为不值得信赖的人。我们都认识一些善意的人，他们会说：“好吧，我会……”但从不坚持到底。如果你是这样的人，你要意识到你正在破坏你朋友的信任。最终，他们会不再相信你说的话)”可知，本段的主旨是要成为一个值得信赖的人，即可靠的人。故A选项“成为可靠的人”符合语境，故选A。【20题】根据上文“Ifyouwantyourfriendstotrustyou,thenyoucan’tactlikeyou’reperfect.Ifyouknowyou’vemadeamistake,ownuptoitinsteadofdenying.Thoughyourfriendswon’tbehappythatyoumadeamistake,they’llbeverypleasedthatyou’rematureenoughtoadmititinsteadofjustpretendingthatnothingiswrong,orworse—blamingitonsomeoneelse.(如果你想让你的朋友信任你，那么你就不能表现得很完美。如果你知道自己犯了错误，就承认而不是否认。虽然你的朋友不会因为你犯了错误而高兴，但他们会很高兴看到你足够成熟地承认错误，而不是假装什么都没有错，或者更糟的是，把它归咎于别人)”以及后文“Letyourfriendshearthesincerityinyourvoice.(让你的朋友听到你声音中的真诚)”可知，后文提到了听到声音中的真诚，说明承认错误要认真，真诚，故C选项“当你这样做的时候，你应该是认真的”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。RaquelisacollegestudentwhohasspentnearlyeverysummerworkinginthefieldsofSouthwesternMichiganwithherfamily,1,500milesfromtheirhomeinEdinburg,Texas.Asshepreparedforgraduation,sheknewherfamilywouldn’tbethereto____21____it,becauseherparentswereworkingsevendaysaweek,fromsun-upuntilaftersundownonthefarm.Raquelgraduatedwithadegreeinbilingualeducation.Sheiswillingtofollowa(n)____22____asapublicschoolteacher.Herpathtograduationwasbynomeans____23____.ButRaquel’sstoryhasalwaysbeenoftheimpossiblebecomingpossible.Followinghighschool,shetookayearofftoworkatthefarmandthen____24____oncollege.Ittookherfiveyearsto____25____hercollegecoursework,inpartbecauseshecouldn’ttakesummerclasses.Herdetermination____26____,bothinreachinggraduationandinherpersonaldevelopment.Shethankedherfamilyforeverythingshehad____27____,andwhatshehadbecome.“Myfamilyismy____28____supportsystem,andtheyhave____29____megreatly.WhenIhavehardtimesinschool,IseetheirfacesandIfeelso____30____tocontinue.”Onthegraduationday,Raquelwasinterviewedaboutherfuture____31____tobecomingapublicschoolteacher.Littledidsheknowthattheinterviewwouldturnintoasurprisefamilyreunion.Herfamilymadethe3,000-mileroundtriptocelebratethemeaningful____32____.WhenRaquelglancedoverthecrowdsandfoundherparentsandsisterweresittinginthelastrow,sheburstintotears.She____33____herdiplomaintheair,smiled,andgaveathumbs-uptothefamilywhohelpedmakethisdaya(n)____34____.“Myparentsalwaystellmeto____35____myselftomyeducationbecausethat’ssomethingnobodycantakeawayfromme,andIkeepthatinmindallthetime,”saidRaquel.21.A.observe B.sponsor C.appreciate D.charge22.A.attempt B.mission C.career D.responsibility23.A.capable B.smooth C.significant D.brilliant24.A.depended B.called C.insisted D.focused25.A.design B.complete C.adapt D.assess26.A.paidoff B.paidback C.tookplace D.tookoff27.A.admitted B.donated C.achieved D.applied28.A.independent B.powerful C.flexible D.accurate29.A.impressed B.persuaded C.informed D.affected30.A.encouraged B.satisfied C.annoyed D.astonished31.A.adventure B.experience C.journey D.solution32.A.project B.contest C.festival D.event33.A.waved B.grabbed C.folded D.threw34.A.record B.regret C.reality D.truth35.A.accustom B.devote C.adjust D.expose【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了大学生Raquel的故事，包括她的家庭背景、学业经历、毕业感受以及家人的支持对她的影响。【21题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她准备毕业时，她知道她的家人不会在那里庆祝，因为她的父母每周工作七天，从日出到日落在农场工作。A.observed庆祝；B.sponsored赞助；C.appreciated欣赏；D.charged收费。根据前文“Asshepreparedforgraduation”可知，她毕业了，所以应是庆祝。故选A项。【22题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她愿意从事公立学校教师的职业。A.attempt尝试；B.mission任务；C.career职业；D.responsibility责任。根据后文“asapublicschoolteacher”可知，公立学校教师是职业。故选C项。23题】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的毕业之路绝不平坦。A.capable有能力的；B.smooth平滑的；C.significant重大的；D.brilliant出色的。根据后文“ButRaquel’sstoryhasalwaysbeenoftheimpossiblebecomingpossible.”可知，Raquel的故事一直是不可能变成可能，所以可知，她的毕业之路不平坦。故选B项。【24题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：高中毕业后，她在农场工作了一年，然后集中精力上大学。A.depended依赖；B.called呼叫；C.insisted坚持；D.focused专注。根据后文“Ittookherfiveyearsto5hercollegecoursework”可知，Raquel花了五年大学毕业，所以在农场工作了一年后，应是集中精力上大学。故选D项。【25题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她花了五年时间才完成大学课程，部分原因是她不能上暑期班。A.design设计；B.complete完成；C.adapt适应；D.assess评估。根据前文“Ittookherfiveyears”结合选项可知，花了5年时间，应是完成大学课程，符合语境。故选B项。【26题】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的决心得到了回报，无论是在毕业方面还是在个人发展方面。A.paidoff取得成功；B.paidback偿还；C.tookplace发生；D.tookoff起飞，开始迅速发展。根据前文“Raquelgraduatedwithadegreeinbilingualeducation.Sheiswillingtofollowa(n)2asapublicschoolteacher.”可知，Raquel获得了双语教育学位，她将从事公立学校教师的职业，所以是在毕业方面和个人发展方面都取得成功。故选A项。【27题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她感谢家人对她所取得的一切成就以及她现在所成为的人的帮助。A.admitted承认；B.donated捐赠；C.achieved实现；D.applied应用。根据前文“Shethankedherfamilyforeverything”结合选项可知，应是“她实现的所有事”符合语境。故选C项。【28题】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家人是我强大的支持系统，他们对我影响很大。A.ind