2020-2021学年高一年级上学期期中考试英语试卷-含解析

2020-2021上学期期中考试高一年级英语试卷本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分,共150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesSimonplantodoontheweekend?A.Gocamping.B.Playfootball.C.Watchamatch.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.3.WherewillJasonprobablygofirst?A.Thebarber’s.B.Thepartyhall.C.Jennifer'shome.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.SheenjoystalkingtoAlan.B.Shedoesn'tlikethemovie.C.Shewon'tsitnexttoAlan.5.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Tohaveadrivinglesson.B.Togetatrainticket.C.Toreporthisloss.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第六段对话，回答第6-7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Jeff'sfamily.B.Jeff'sdailylife.C.Jeff'sschoolactivities.7.WhatdoesJeffusuallydorightafterhegetshome?A.Dohishomework.B.Haveasnack.C.WatchTV.听第七段对话，回答第8-9题。8.HowdoesMarkusuallygetnews?A.BywatchingTV.B.Byreadingnewspapers.C.Byvisitingnewssites.9.Whoistoblameforthespreadoffakenewsaccordingtothewoman?A.Reporters.B.Technologycompanies.C.Thegovernment.听第八段对话，回答第10-12题。10.Whattimewillthespeakerssetout?A.At8:45.B.At9:15.C.At9:30.11.Howmanypeoplewillgofortheshoppingtrip?A.2.B.3C.4.12.Whatdoesthemanexpectthewomantodo?A.Bringsomefood.B.Givehimaride.C.Buyabathingsuit.听第九段对话，回答第13-16小题。13.WhatdoesGeorgethinkoftheexhibition?A.Excellent.B.Boring.C.Expensive.14.WhatdoesGeorgelikebest?A.Portraits.B.Watercolors.C.Oilpaintings.15.WhatdoesGeorgesayabouthimself?A.Heisagoodpainter.B.Hehasartisticability.C.Helovesartverymuch.16.WhatisMarygoingtodonow?A.Getaticket.B.Buyapicture.C.Gototheexhibition.听第十段对话，回答第17-20小题。17.WhocangoonafreetourinWindsorA.Theold.B.Theblind.C.Thepoor.18.Whatareespeciallyofferedtothosevisitingwithchildren?A.Expertguides.B.Aspecialfamilytour.C.Someadventurousactivities.19.Wheredothetoursend?A.AttheCourtyard.B.AtSt.George'sChapel.C.AttheentrancetotheStateApartments.20.Whencanvisitorsgeticecreamintheshops?A.InMarch.B.InJune.C.InOctober.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABookreadingiscertainlyoneofthemostabsorbinghabits.Foryoungadultswholovetoread,findingsomegoodbookstoreadisveryessential.Writingabookreviewcanhelpyoutoimproveyourlanguageandwritingskills.TheBookThiefListedonTheNewYorkTimesChildren’sBestSellerListforover100weeks,TheBookThiefbyMarkusZusakisthestoryofayounggirlintheNazicampssetduringWorldWarII.So,ifyoulovehistoryandwishtolearnhowthelifewasduringAdolfHitler’stime,readthishistoricbook.TheDiaryofYoungGirlEvenAnneFrankcannothaveimaginedthatherpersonaldiarywrittenduringWorldWarIIwouldbecomesuchapopularbook.It’samustreadthatdescribesthesituationofafamilyintheevilsofwarsthroughtheeyesofateenager.AnimalFarmAnimalFarmisoneofthemostpopularbooksbyGeorgeOrwell.ItisjustareflectionoftheStalinandWorldWarIIperiodthathasbeensocreativelypresentedinthisbook.Itisaninterestingexampleofhowliteraturecanbeusedtopresentconditionscommoninthesociety.AdventuresofHuckleberryFinnMarkTwain’sAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnisoneofthegreatAmericannovelsinhistory,andiscertainlyagreatpickforyoungadults.YoungHuckFinnandhismischiefalongwiththecolorfuldescriptionofpeoplearoundtheMississippiRivermakethisnovelagreatbooktoread.1.Whichbookdescribestheauthor’sownexperiencesaccordingtothispassage?A.TheBookThief B.TheDiaryofYoungGirlC.AnimalFarm D.AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn2.Whatdothefirstthreebookshaveincommon?A.Allofthemareaboutwars.B.Allofthemareaboutfarms.C.Allofthemareintendedforhistorylovers.D.AllofthemwerewrittenduringWorldWarII.3.Thepurposeofthispassageisto_________.A.instructyoungstershowtoimproveskillsB.tellyoungsterssomewonderfulreadinghabitsC.introduceseveralgoodbookstoyoungstersD.giveyoungstersadviceonwritingabookreview【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了适合年轻人阅读的四本好书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章TheDiaryofYoungGirl中的“EvenAnneFrankcannothaveimaginedthatherpersonaldiarywrittenduringWorldWarIIwouldbecomesuchapopularbook.(即使是安妮·弗兰克也没有想到她在二战期间写的个人日记会成为一本如此受欢迎的书)”可知，《安妮日记》这本书描述了作者自己的经历。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。前两本书的背景介绍中都出现了“WorldWarII”，而第三本书的背景介绍中则出现了“WorldWarI”，即都是关于战争的。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Bookreadingiscertainlyoneofthemostabsorbinghabits.Foryoungadultswholovetoread,findingsomegoodbookstoreadisveryessential.(读书当然是最引人入胜的习惯之一。对于喜欢读书的年轻人来说，找一些好书来读是非常必要的)”可推断，本文目的就是向年轻人介绍一些好的书籍。故选C。BNajibisanAfghanwhogrewupinIran.Heledatoughlife.Whenhefoundhischildrenwouldbeinthesamesituation,hisfamilyinitiallyreturnedtoAfghanistan.Butwiththecountryfilledwithconflicts,theydecidedtoleaveforIndonesia.“Whenwefirstcamehere,wewereinabadsituation.Itslanguage,cultureandevenweatherweredifferent.Wehadmovedawayfromfriendsandfamily,”saysNajib.“IwasinatoughpositionbutIactedstrongbecausetherewerenootherchoices.”Refugees(难民)cannotworkinIndonesiaandtherearelimitedchoicesforrefugeechildrentoattendlocalschools.Determinedtoavoidsuchafate,agroupofrefugeesinPuncaktookactionandscrapedtogether(东拼西凑)theirresourcestosetupaschool—theRefugeeLearningCenter(RLC).“Ouronlygoalandtaskistoprovidebasiceducation,andpreparetherefugeechildrenfortheirfuture,”saysAbdullahSarwari.“We’realsotryingtoprovideanormallifeasmuchaspossibleforthem.”TheRLChasalsostartedofferingBahasaIndonesiaclassestotherefugeecommunity.“Betweentherefugeeandthelocalcommunity,Ifeellikethere’salanguagebarrierwhichstopstherefugeefromhavinganhonestandopeninteractionwithIndonesians,”saysAbdullah.“Ifyoutryyourbest,tolearnthelanguageofaparticularplaceorcountry,itreallyhelpsmakethingseasier,”saysNajib.Heisamongthosewhosignedupforclasses,althoughheadmitsprogresshasbeenslow.Butlifehasimprovedinsomewaysforhimandhisfamily.Najibsays,“Thecentreisanopportunityforrefugeetoshowthattheyarenotaburden.Iftheyhavetheopportunity,theycanaccomplishbigandgreatthingslikethis.”4.WhydidNajibdecidetoleaveforIndonesia?A.ToescapetheconflictinAfghanistanB.ToexperienceIndonesianculture.C.TohelprefugeesinIndonesia.D.Togetequalrightstovote.5.What’sthemainpurposeoffoundingtheRLCforrefugeechildren?A.TohelpthemlearnEnglish.B.Tomakethemstayawayfrombadluck.C.ToprovidethemwithchancestoliveinIndonesia.D.Tomakethemhaveaccesstoreceivingbasiceducation.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutNajibaccordingtothetext?A.Heistheleaderofrefugees.B.HefoundedtheRLChimself.C.HestudiesIndonesianintheRLC.D.HelivesawealthylifeinIndonesia.7.What’sthebesttitleforthistext?A.TheGoalofFoundingaSchoolB.ASchoolforRefugeesbyRefugeesC.AReasonforLeavingforIndonesiaD.TheBenefitofLearningaNewLanguage【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。纳吉布是在伊朗长大的阿富汗人。他过着艰苦的生活。当他发现他的孩子也将面临同样的处境时，他的家人最初回到了阿富汗。但由于这个国家充满了冲突，他们决定前往印度尼西亚。难民不能在印度尼西亚工作，难民儿童在当地上学的选择有限。为了避免这样的命运，一群来自塔提克的难民采取了行动，聚集他们的资源建立了一所学校——难民学习中心。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Butwiththecountryfilledwithconflicts,theydecidedtoleaveforIndonesia.(但由于这个国家充满了冲突，他们决定前往印度尼西亚)可知，纳吉布决定前往印度尼西亚，以逃避阿富汗的冲突。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Ouronlygoalandtaskistoprovidebasiceducation,andpreparetherefugeechildrenfortheirfuture,”saysAbdullahSarwari.(“我们唯一的目标和任务是提供基础教育，为难民儿童的未来做好准备，”阿卜杜拉·萨瓦里说)可知，为难民儿童建立难民学习中心的主要目的是使他们有机会接受基础教育。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的TheRLChasalsostartedofferingBahasaIndonesiaclassestotherefugeecommunity.(RLC也开始为难民社区提供印尼语课程)及第六段中的“Heisamongthosewhosignedupforclasses,(他是报名参加课程的学生之一)可知，他在难民学习中心学习印尼语。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中的Determinedtoavoidsuchafate,agroupofrefugeesinPuncaktookactionandscrapedtogether(东拼西凑)theirresourcestosetupaschool—theRefugeeLearningCenter(RLC).(为了避免这样的命运，一群来自塔提克的难民采取了行动，聚集他们的资源建立了一所学校——难民学习中心)及下文对难民学习中心的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了为难民建立的一所学校——难民学习中心。所以短文的最佳标题为“一所由难民建立的难民学校”。故选B。【点睛】阅读是理解的前提和手段；理解是分析、加工和处理信息，是阅读的目的和结果。因此，做阅读理解题时，考生可以先看题目，然后再看文段，这样带着问题去阅读就更有目的性。如第4小题，What’sthebesttitleforthistext?要求判断本文的最佳标题。根据第三段中的Determinedtoavoidsuchafate,agroupofrefugeesinPuncaktookactionandscrapedtogether(东拼西凑)theirresourcestosetupaschool—theRefugeeLearningCenter(RLC).(为了避免这样的命运，一群来自塔提克的难民采取了行动，聚集他们的资源建立了一所学校——难民学习中心)及下文对难民学习中心的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了为难民建立的一所学校——难民学习中心。由此可知，B.ASchoolforRefugeesbyRefugees(一所由难民建立的难民学校)适合做本文最佳标题。故选B。CAnadvanceinelectronicpublishingcouldmaketheebookyouarereadingseemasdatedasasilentfilm.Publishershopetoexplorethegrowingsuccessofebooksbyreleasingversionswithaddedsoundtracksandmusicalaccompaniments.Thenoisesinthefirstmultimediabooks-releasedinBritainonFriday-includerainhittingawindowinaSherlockHolmestale.Whentheplotofabookreachesthemostexcitingpart,backgroundscoreswillcreatetension.InAmerica,worksbyShakespeareandJaneAustenhavealreadybeenreleasedwithmusicandbackgroundnoisesothat,forexample,readerscanhearteacupsclinkinginMr.Darcy'sgardenastheyreadPrideandPrejudice.Supportersarguethatsoundeffectsarethenextlogicaldevelopmentforebooksandwilladdexcitementforyoungerreaders.Critics,however,willarguethatthenoisewillruinthesimplepleasureofhavingtheimaginationstimulatedbyreading.CarolineMichel,chiefexecutiveoftheliteraryagency,saidthenewgenerationofcomputer-literatereaderswasusedtomultiplesensoryinput.Shesaid,“Youngpeoplehavesplitcomputerscreenswheretheymaybewatchingtelevisionandreplyingtoanemailatthesametime.Ifthat'swhatthemarketwantsthenweshouldrespondtothemarket.”Booktrack'ssoundeffectsworkbyestimatingtheuser'sreadingspeed.Eachtimeyou“turn”apage,thesoftwarereassesseswhereyouhavereachedinthetextandtimesthesoundstoswitchonaccordingly.Ifthesoundtrackbecomesoutofsynch(同步),aclickonanywordwillre-setit.Someauthorsfearthatasoundtrackcoulddestroythepeaceandquietoflibrariesandruinthepleasureofreading.DavidNicholls,authorofOneDay,thebestsellernowreleasedasafilm,said,“Thissoundsliketheoppositeofreading.IhaveenoughtroublereadinganebookbecauseI’mconstantlydistractedbyemails.”StuartMacBride,thecrimewriterwhosenovelShattertheBoneswasanebookbestseller,sells18%ofhisbooksaselectronicdownloads.Hesaid,“IfI’mreading,Iwilldothenoiseinmyhead.Idon'tneedsomeonetotellmewhatteacupsclinkingsoundslike.Thatwouldirritateme.”8.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Opinionsaboutebookswithsoundtracks.B.Responsetotheneedofthebookmarket.C.Reasonsfortraditionalebooksbecomingoutdated.D.Suggestionsonencouragingreaders'imagination.9.Whatdopublishersexpectanebooksoundtracktodo?A.Helptoreleaseanebookasafilm.B.Helpreadersimprovereadingspeed.C.Addtensionatabook'sexcitingpoint.D.Getreadersfamiliarwiththebackground.10.Whoisinfavourofaddedsoundtracksforebooks?A.Mr.Darcy. B.CarolineMichel.C.DavidNicholls. D.StuartMacBride.11.WhatdoweknowaboutStuartMacBride?A.Hewasapersonwhowaseasytogetangry.B.Heknewagreatdealaboutteaandteaculture.C.Eighty-twopercentofhisbooksdescribedcrime.D.Heimaginedsoundsrelatedtothestorywhenreading.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章说明了出版商希望通过发行带有附加音轨和音乐伴奏版本的电子书，支持者认为，声音效果是电子书的下一个合乎逻辑的发展，并将增加年轻读者的兴奋。然而，批评家会争辩说，噪音会破坏阅读所激发的想象的简单乐趣。文章介绍了不同的人对此的看法。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段Supportersarguethatsoundeffectsarethenextlogicaldevelopmentforebooksandwilladdexcitementforyoungerreaders.Critics,however,willarguethatthenoisewillruinthesimplepleasureofhavingtheimaginationstimulatedbyreading.可知支持者认为，声音效果是电子书的下一个合乎逻辑的发展，并将增加年轻读者的兴奋。然而，批评家会争辩说，噪音会破坏阅读所激发的想象的简单乐趣。结合文章说明了出版商希望通过发行带有附加音轨和音乐伴奏版本的电子书，支持者认为，声音效果是电子书的下一个合乎逻辑的发展，并将增加年轻读者的兴奋。然而，批评家会争辩说，噪音会破坏阅读所激发的想象的简单乐趣。文章介绍了不同的人对此的看法。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲了对带有配乐的电子书的看法。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Whentheplotofabookreachesthemostexcitingpart,backgroundscoreswillcreatetension.可知当书的情节发展到最激动人心的部分时，背景的得分会制造紧张感。由此可知，出版商希望一个电子书原声带在书中令人兴奋的地方增加紧张感。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中CarolineMichel,chiefexecutiveoftheliteraryagency,saidthenewgenerationofcomputer-literatereaderswasusedtomultiplesensoryinput.可知这家文学机构的首席执行官CarolineMichel表示，新一代懂电脑的读者习惯于多重感官输入。以及Ifthat'swhatthemarketwantsthenweshouldrespondtothemarket.可知如果这是市场想要的，那么我们应该对市场作出反应。由此可推知，CarolineMichel支持为电子书添加配乐。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Hesaid,“IfI’mreading,Iwilldothenoiseinmyhead.Idon'tneedsomeonetotellmewhatteacupsclinkingsoundslike.Thatwouldirritateme.”可知他说：“如果我在看书，我会在脑子里制造响声。我不需要有人告诉我茶杯叮当的声音是什么样的。那会激怒我的。”由此可知，StuartMacBride在阅读时想象与故事有关的声音。故选D。DHumansreallydohaveasixthsensethatletsusdetectmagneticfields(磁场),butwe’renotawarewehaveit.IthaslongbeenknownasESP,SpiderSense,ortheabilitytoseethingsbeforetheyhappen.Butnowscientistshaveprovedthathumansreallydohaveasixthsense-thatletsthemdetectmagneticfields.TestshaveshownthatmankindmayhavethesameinbornsenseofEarth’smagneticfieldthathaslongbeenprovedtoexistinanimals.Byputtingaproteinfromthehumanretina(视网膜)intofruitflies,researchersnoticedthattheinsectadjusteditsflightpathjustasifitseyehadnotbeenchanged.Thissuggeststhatthe“sixthsense”doesexistinhumansbutwemightnotbeawareofit.Animalsusesuchsighttonavigatelongdistancesduringmigrationor,inthecaseofbirds,to“see”wheretheyaregoing.Thecomplextestsinvolvedexaminingtheprocessbywhichlightgoesthroughabird’seye,whichhasinterestedthescientificcommunityformorethan30years.Inthelate1970s,thephysicistKlausSchultenconcludedthatbirdsflybyrelyingongeomagnetically(地磁)sensitivebiochemicalreactionsintheireyes.Testshaveshownthatthespecialcellsintheeyecarryoutthisfunctionusingtheproteincryptochrome(蛋白隐色素).ProfessorReppert’steamusedwildfruitfliesreplacingtheirversionofcryptochromewiththehumanequivalent(等价物),andthenputtheminamaze(迷宫)witheachwingwrappedinametalcoil(金属圈).TheythensentelectricitythroughitsothatthecoilwasmagnetisedinawaywhichisjustlikeEarth’selectromagneticfield(电磁场).Thefliesrespondedinexactlythesamewayasiftheyhadtheirowncryptochrome,byeitheravoidingthemagneticfieldsormovingtowardsthemiftheresearchershadplacedsugarnearby.ThenewstudywaspublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications.12.Whatdoweknowabouthumans’sixthsense?A.Humanshavebeenawareofitsinceancienttimes.B.Itisquitedifferentfromtheanimals’.C.Itistheabilitytopredictwhatwillhappen.D.Itisalsoasensedevelopedafterbirth.13.Whydidresearchersputaproteinfromthehumanretinaintofruitflies?A.Tochangefruitflies’flightpath.B.Totestifhumanshaveasixthsense.C.Toexaminetheprocessofbirds’flying.D.Toallowresearchersdetectmagneticfields.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.themaze B.eachwingC.cryptochrome D.themetalcoil15.Afterbeingreplacedthecryptochrome,howarethewildfruitflies?A.Theyrespondednormallyasiftherehadbeennothingchanged.B.Theycouldn’tavoidthemagneticfieldslikebefore.C.Theylostthesenseofdirectioncompletely.D.Theycouldn’tfindthesugartheresearchershadplacednearby.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。人类确实有第六感，可以探测磁场，但我们没有意识到自己有第六感。科学家们已经证明了人类确实有第六感——可以用来探测磁场。试验表明，人类对地球磁场的感知能力可能与动物一样，这一点早已被证明是存在于动物身上的。文章还详细介绍了这一试验的操作过程。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中IthaslongbeenknownasESP,SpiderSense,ortheabilitytoseethingsbeforetheyhappen.可知长久以来，它一直被称为超感知觉、蜘蛛感，或者是在事情发生之前看到它们的能力。由此可知，人类的第六感是预测将要发生的事情的能力。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Byputtingaproteinfromthehumanretinaintofruitflies,researchersnoticedthattheinsectadjusteditsflightpathjustasifitseyehadnotbeenchanged.Thissuggeststhatthe“sixthsense”doesexistinhumansbutwemightnotbeawareofit.可知通过将人类视网膜上的一种蛋白质注入果蝇体内，研究人员注意到果蝇调整了飞行路线，就好像它的眼睛没有被改变一样。这表明“第六感”确实存在于人类中，但我们可能没有意识到它。由此可推知，研究人员把人类视网膜中的一种蛋白质放入果蝇体内，是为了测试人类是否有第六感。故选B。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文ProfessorReppert’steamusedwildfruitflies,replacingtheirversionofcryptochromewiththehumanequivalent,andthenputtheminamazewitheachwingwrappedinametalcoil.Theythensentelectricitythrough可知Reppert的研究小组使用野生果蝇，用人类的蛋白隐色素替代它们的蛋白隐色素，然后将它们置于迷宫中，每只翅膀都包裹在一个金属线圈中。然后他们把它（金属线圈）通上电，这样线圈就被磁化了，就像地球的电磁场一样。由此可知，it指代的是“金属线圈”。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Thefliesrespondedinexactlythesamewayasiftheyhadtheirowncryptochrome,byeitheravoidingthemagneticfieldsormovingtowardsthemiftheresearchershadplacedsugarnearby.可知果蝇的反应与它们自身的蛋白隐色素完全相同，它们要么避开磁场，要么在研究人员把糖放在附近的情况下向磁场移动。由此可知，蛋白隐色素被取代后，野生果蝇的反应很正常，就好像什么都没有改变一样。故选A。【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。如第三小题，根据上文ProfessorReppert’steamusedwildfruitflies,replacingtheirversionofcryptochromewiththehumanequivalent,andthenputtheminamazewitheachwingwrappedinametalcoil.Theythensentelectricitythrough可知Reppert的研究小组使用野生果蝇，用人类的蛋白隐色素替代它们的蛋白隐色素，然后将它们置于迷宫中，每只翅膀都包裹在一个金属线圈中。然后他们把它（金属线圈）通上电，这样线圈就被磁化了，就像地球的电磁场一样。由此可知，it指代的是“金属线圈”。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SupportingOthersWe’realwaysbeingtoldthatthesecrettohappinessliesinhelpingothers,Indeed,it’snaturaltowanttosupportthosewecareabout,especiallyifweareinapositiontodoso.___16___Whenweoffersupport,itmaynotalwaysbewanted.___17___Inthiscase,offeringsupportinthemannerof“...iflwereyou,Iwould…”canfeellikeascoldingratherthansupport.Ifoursupportfeelsconditional,itcanfeelburdensome.___18___Whensomeoneistryingtomanageillnessorahousemove,justsaying,“Whatwouldhelpyoutoday?”canbeamazinglysupportive.Or,suggestwhatyoucandoforthem:pickingupsomeshopping,takingthedogforawalk.Evenifit’snotneeded,justknowingyou’vebeenthoughtofcanbesupportiveinitself.Trytobemindfulofofferingsupportthatisdisabling,ratherthanenabling.Myson,whenagedfive,wantedtomakeacupoftea.Icouldseehowinspiringitwastohimtobeabletodothis.SoIfilledthekettleandtookhimthroughthesafetymeasures.Itfeltlikeahugeriskbutitworked.Hispleasurewasimmeasurable.Thesameprincipleapplieswhenweoffersupportthatincreasessomeoneelse’scapacity.___19___Sometimestheonlysupportthat’sneededistolistenwithoutjudgement.___20___Thisreassures(使安心)themthatsomeonecaresenoughtolistenwhiletheygroundthemselves.Whentimesaretough,remembertokeepthingsstable.Waitinguntilthestormhaspassedisallittakes.Supportoftenworksbestwhenit’satwo-wayprocess.Itisgoodtoknowhowtoaccepthelpfromothersaswellasoffersupporttothem.A.Walkalongsidesomeoneandmakecomments.B.Comeupwithacoupleofideasforyourfriends.C.Askwhatsupportisneededandprovideapracticalone.D.Thiscanoftenbeabiggergiftthanjustdoingitforthem.E.Butwecandomorebythinkingaboutthesupportweoffer.F.Sometimespeoplearctryingtomanagelifeintheirownway.G.Justbethere,occasionalwhilesomeoneletsouttheirfeeling.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.D20.G【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了我们应该如何支持别人及在支持别人的过程中应注意什么。【16题详解】由上一句“确实，想要支持那些我们在乎的人是很正常的，特别是如果我们有能力这么做的话。”可知，E选项“但是，通过考虑我们提供的支持，我们可以做的更多。”承接上文，且选项中“thinkingaboutthesupportweoffer.”与下文“Whenweoffersupport,itmaynotalwaysbewanted.”相呼应，符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】由上一句“当我们提供支持时，它可能并不总是被需要的。”和下一句“在这种情况下，以一种“如果我是你……，我会……”的方式提供帮助，感觉像是一种斥责而不是支持。”可知，此空承上启下。F选项“有时人们想用自己的方式管理生活。”与上文“itmaynotalwaysbewanted”和下文“Inthiscase”相呼应。故选F。【18题详解】由下文“当别人正试图处理疾病或者搬家的时候，只是说一句“有什么能帮你的吗？”就是一种极大的支持。”可知，C选项“询问需要什么支持并提供一个实际的。”符合语境，选项中“Askwhatsupportisneeded”与下文“justsaying,“Whatwouldhelpyoutoday?””相呼应。故选C。【19题详解】由上一句“同样的原则也适用于，当我们提供支持以增强一个人的能力时。”可知，D选项“与为他们做这件事相比，这往往是一个更大的礼物。”符合语境。D选项中“This”指代上文“whenweoffersupportthatincreasessomeoneelse’scapacity.”。故选D。【20题详解】由上一句“有时，唯一需要的支持就是聆听，不加评判。”可知，G选项中“Justbethere”承接上文“tolistenwithoutjudgement”。G选项“只是在那里，偶尔有人发泄他们的感情。”切题，故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihavegrownupwithpicturesandshapes.EversinceIwasalittlegirl,still___21___abletoread,mymomwouldsetmeuponherlapandreadchildren’spicturebooksforme.Shewouldpointtoeachpicture,traceeachlineandtellmewhichshapesmadethepicturesup.___22___bythetracingofherfinger,Iwouldstareandconcentratemyeyestocatchevery___23___thatherfingermadeandwouldlistenforthenameoftheshape.IfI___24___anything,Iwouldbeghertorepeatthepageoverandoveragain,untilIhadthenameandfigureoftheshapeinmy___25___.AsIenteredthesecondgrade,mymemorizationoftheshapes___26___withme.Ilearnednewer,complexshapesandmyknowledgeofshapes___27___tothepointwheremyoldpicturebooksIhadathomecouldnolonger___28___myneedforshapes.Instead,I___29___theworldasmynew,_____30_____picturebookandreadeachbuilding,houseandtruckasrectangles（长方形），squareswithtrianglesandrectangleswithcirclesonthebottom.IfIcould,Iwouldgouptoeachobjectandfollowthetracing_____31_____thatmymomdidwhenIwasyounger.I’dtakemyfingerandtracealongtheoutlinesoftheobjectand_____32_____whatkindofshapesmadeitup.Atschool,duringthe_____33_____,otherkidswouldsayplayingdodgeball,butIwouldsayplayingspheres（圆球）._____34_____otherkidssawaredwagon（马车），Iwouldbreakthewagondowninmymindintoarectangleandtwocircles.Iwastheonlyonethatsawthese“pictures”brokendownintoshapes,whereaseveryoneelsesawitasa_____35_____.NowthatIamaseniorinhighschool,Istillseethingsinthesameway.21.A.hardly B.clearly C.constantly D.occasionally22.A.Annoyed B.Attracted C.Concerned D.Frightened23.A.shape B.sign C.sound D.movement24.A.followed B.missed C.recognized D.understood25.A.hand B.note C.mind D.step26.A.connected B.changed C.grew D.stuck27.A.increased B.enriched C.reduced D.remained28.A.read B.satisfy C.realize D.widen29.A.entered B.approached C.viewed D.mentioned30.A.colourful B.big C.thin D.limitless31A.idea B.imagination C.method D.track32.A.figureout B.keepup C.setdown D.turnout33.A.course B.break C.lesson D.campus34.A.After B.Since C.Though D.When35.A.whole B.scene C.section D.collection【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.B25.C26.C27.A28.B29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。全文讲述了受母亲启蒙教育的影响，现在作者对事物的认识就是图片与形状。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我还几乎不能读书，妈妈就会把我放在她的腿上，给我读儿童图画书。A.hardly几乎不；B.clearly清楚地；C.constantly不断地；D.occasionally偶尔地。结合空前后的“EversinceIwasalittlegirl”和“mymomwouldsetmeuponherlap”可知，此时作者很小，几乎不能(hardly)读书。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我被她手指的游移所吸引，目不转睛地盯着她手指的每一个动作，听她说出那个形状的名字。A.Annoyed恼怒；B.Attracted吸引；C.Concerned关心；D.Frightened害怕。从空后的“bythetracingofherfinger,Iwouldstareandconcentratemyeyestocatch”可知，作者被她手指的行踪所吸引。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被她手指的游移所吸引，目不转睛地盯着她手指的每一个动作，听她说出那个形状的名字。A.shape形状；B.sign手势；C.sound声音；D.movement移动。根据空前的“bythetracingofherfinger”可知这里讲述她手指的移动(movement)。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我错过了什么，我会求她一遍又一遍地重复这一页，直到我脑海中有了那个形状的名字和形状。A.followed跟随；B.missed错过；C.recognized认出；D.understood理解。结合空后的“Iwouldbeghertorepeatthepageoverandoveragain,”可知，有时作者会错过(miss)些东西。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我错过了什么，我会求她一遍又一遍地重复这一页，直到我脑海中有了那个形状的名字和形状。A.hand手；B.note笔记；C.mind脑海；D.step步骤。从下文“mymemorizationoftheshapes”可知，作者把这些形状记在脑海(mind)中。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我进入二年级时，我对这些形状的记忆也随着我增长。A.connected连接；B.changed改变；C.grew生长；D.stuck坚持。从空前的“AsIenteredthesecondgrade,mymemorization”可知，这些记忆一直跟着作者。grow意思是“生长”，这里指早期的记忆一直伴随自己。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学会了新的、复杂的形状，我对形状的认识也越来越多，以至于我家里的旧图画书都不能满足我对形状的需求了。A.increased增加；B.enriched使丰富；C.reduced减少；D.remained保持。结合空前的“Ilearnednew,complexshapes”可知，因为学习了新的、复杂的形状，因此自己的知识增长(increase)了。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学会了新的、复杂的形状，我对形状的认识也越来越多，以至于我家里的旧图画书都不能满足我对形状的需求了。A.read读；B.satisfy满足；C.realize意识到；D.widen加宽。联系空前的“myoldpicturebooksIhadathomecouldnolonger”可知，家里的那些旧的书已经不能满足(satisfy)作者的需要了。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我把世界看作是我新的、无限的图画书，把每座建筑、房子和卡车都看成是矩形、方形和三角形、矩形和底部带圆圈的矩形。A.entered进入；B.approached靠近；C.viewed看成；D.mentioned提及。根据空后“theworldasmynew,____10____picturebookandreadeachbuilding,”可知，作者把世界看成(view)是新的、无尽的图画书。故选C。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，我把世界看作是我新的、无限的图画书，把每座建筑、房子和卡车都看成是矩形、方形和三角形、矩形和底部带圆圈的矩形。A.colourful多彩的；B.big大的；C.thin瘦的；D.limitless无尽的。考查形容词。从空前的“theworld”可知，作者把世界看成无尽的(limitless)图画书。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我可以的话，我会去寻找每一个物体，并遵循我妈妈在我年轻的时候所做的追踪方法。A.idea想法；B.imagination想象；C.method方式；D.track踪迹。结合空前的“followthetracing”可知，作者讲述自己母亲教育自己的方式(method)。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我会用我的手指沿着物体的轮廓画出它的形状。A.figureout弄清楚；B.keepup保持；C.setdown记下；D.turnout证明是。联系空后的“whatkindofshapesmadeitup”可知，自己要弄清楚(figureout)是什么形状构成了它。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学校，课间休息时，其他孩子会说玩躲避球，但我会说玩球体。A.course课程；B.break休息；C.lesson课；D.campus校园。依据空后“otherkidswouldsayplayingdodgeball”可知，作者在讲述课间休息(break)。故选B。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子看到红色的马车时，我会在脑海里把它分解成一个矩形和两个圆圈。A.After在……之后；B.Since自从；C.Though尽管；D.When当……时候。分析空后的“otherkidssawaredwagon”可知，当(When)别的孩子看一个红色的车厢时。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是唯一一个看到这些“图片”被分解成各种形状的人，而其他人却把它们看作一个整体。A.whole整体；B.scene风景；C.section部分；D.collection收集。本空与前文“brokendownintoshapes”形成对比，别人看到的是整体(whole)，作者看到的是