2025届四川省宜宾市叙州区高三上学期一模英语试题（含答案解析）

高2022级高三上学期第一次诊断性考试英语试题试卷分为第1卷（阅读题）和第I1卷（表达题）两部分，共8页，满分150分。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号填写在答题卷上相应位置。2.选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卷对应题目号的位置上，填涂在试卷上无效。3.非选择题答案请使用黑色签字笔填写在答题卷对应题目号的位置上，填写在试卷上无效。第I卷选择题（95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatsurprisedthewoman?A.Aradiointerview. B.Atrainride. C.Asuburbvisit.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Emily,I’veheardyouwenttoParis.Howwasthetrip?W:Thatwasreallygreat.IhadtheopportunitytotakeatrainrideandmetupwithsomepeopleinsuburbsofParis.And,unexpectedly,IfoundmyselfbeinginterviewedonradioFrance.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemando?A.Heisadoctor. B.Heisasecretary. C.Heisarescueworker.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Sam,youlooktiredtoday.Didyouhavemanyemergencycallstoday?M:Yes,wehadfiveintotal,andonewasforanaccidentontheroofofahousewherewesavedagirlandhercat.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowisSachifeeling?A.Upset. B.Confused. C.Sympathetic.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Sachi,Ican’tgotothethemeparkonFriday.Ihaveaconcert.W:Youdidthistwoweeksago.RememberIhadcinematicketsandyouchangedtheplansthentoo.M:Iknow,Iknow.I’msorry.Howaboutnextweek?IcandefinitelygonextFriday.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwasMiller’smajor?A.Medicine. B.Marketing. C.Electronics.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,DrMiller,I’veheardyouaresuccessfulinthemedicalequipmentsalesfield.M:Thanks.Actually,mydoctoratewasinelectronicengineering,whichhassignificantlycontributedtomysuccessinthisarea.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary. B.Inasupermarket. C.Inarestaurant【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,canIhaveaseatnearthewindow?M:Sure,thisway,please.Bytheway,youcanorderdishesbyscanningtheQRcodeonthetable.W:Thanks.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whereistheman?A.Inahotel. B.Onaplane. C.Inarepairshop.7.Whatisthemanexcitedabout?A.Takingphotos. B.Seeingfriends. C.Havingablanket.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,Miss.MywindowshadeisbrokenandIcannotopenittoseeoutthewindow.WoulditbepossibletoswitchseatssoIcanhaveawindowwithaview?ThisismyfirstflightandIwanttobeabletoseeeverything.W:Sorry,switchingseatsisnotallowed.Thewindowshadeiselectricallycontrolled.Youjustneedtopressthebuttonlocatedaboveyourseat.M:Ohyes,thankyou.W:Youarewelcome.Doyouneedablankettohavearest?M:No,thanks.Ican’twaittotakesomephotosandsharethemwithmyfriends.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howmanymultiple-choicesremainunfinished?A.3. B.4. C.7.9.HowdidLindaperforminthefreeresponsequestions?A.Fairlywell. B.Justso-so. C.Quitebadly.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】M:Linda,wouldyoutellmeallaboutthetest?W:Well,Ithoughtthemultiplechoicewasfairlysimple,butthefreeresponsequestionskilled.M:Really?Howmanydidyouleaveblankonthemultiplechoice?W:Ileftfourofseventyblankandguessonthreeotherstheywereeducatedguesses,though.However,Icannotguaranteethattheguestonesarecorrect.M:That’sokay.That’sbetterthanmostofthepeopleI’vetalkedtosofar.W:Iknow.Itdoesn’tmatterhowwellIdidonthemultiplechoice,sinceIprobablymessedupthetestwithmyfreeresponsequestions.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whenwillthemangraduate?A.Thisweek. B.Inayear. C.Inthreemonths.11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandobeforegraduation?A.Borrowsomemoney.B.Getapart-timejob.C.Keepstudying.12.Whathasthewomanstarteddoing?A.Lookingforfull-timejobs.B.Workingasateacher.C.Applyingforjobs.【答案】10.C11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:Ireallydoneedsomemoney.Ineverseemtohaveanythingthesedays.W:Haveyoueverthoughtaboutgettingajob?M:Notuntilmygraduation,butI’llhavetowaitforthreemonths.Ineedmoneythisweek.W:Maybesomekindofparttimejob.Beforethatyoucouldborrowsomething,butIwouldn’tadvisethat.M:Isupposeyou’reright.Ishouldlookforaparttimejob.W:I’vealreadybegunlookingforfulltimejobs.M:MaybeIshouldbedoingthataswell.Haveyoubeeninvitedforanyinterviews?W:Ihaven’tactuallyappliedanywhereyet;I’vejustlookedatwhatkindofjobisbeingoffered.M:Whatareyouthinkingofdoing?W:I’dliketobeatranslator,butmaybeateacherifIfailthat.Howaboutyou?M:FormycareerandIwanttodoengineering.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Preparingforameeting.B.Exercising.C.Cooking.14.Howdoesthewomansoundattheman’sweightloss?A.Serious. B.Surprised. C.Happy.15.Howdoesthemangettoworknow?A.Bytrain. B.Bybus. C.Bybike.16.Whatwillthemandotohelpthewoman?A.Makesaladsforher.B.Gojoggingwithher.C.Lendabooktoher.【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.C【解析】【原文】W:Thatsmellsgood.Whatareyoumaking?M:Mybreakfastfortomorrow.W:Butit’salmostdinnertime.M:Well,I’vegotaveryearlystarttomorrowmorning.W:Whatareyougoingtodo?M:I’vegotameetingatmycompany’sheadoffice.IfIdon’tprepare,IknowI’llendupeatingsomethingunhealthyatthetrainstation.I’vealsomadeasaladtotakewithmeforlunch.W:Wow,I’veneverknownyoutobethisorganized.You’reveryseriousaboutlosingweight,aren’tyou?M:IamandI’mhappytosayit’sworking.W:Oh,really?M:Yes.I’velostsixkilossinceIstartedatthebeginningoftheyear.Iweighed95kiloswhenIstartedinJanuary.W:That’samazing.Andinonlyfourmonths?Haveyoubeenexercisingtoo?M:Yes,IusedtotakethebustoworkandnowIrideabikeinstead.W:That’sreallygreat.MaybeIshouldtrytolearnfromyou.M:Youdon’tneedtoloseanyweight.W:Imaybeslim,butIeatwaytoomuchjunkfoodandIdriveeverywhere,evenwhenitwouldbeeasytowalk.M:Well,Icanlendyouthebookthatinspiredme.W:Thatwouldbegreat,thanks.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.HowdidtheservantsdealwiththeirearningsinVictoriantimes?A.Theypaidforthehousing.B.Theyboughtfoodandclothes.C.Theysentthemtotheirfamilies.18.Whatwasanurse’smainduty?A.Cookingmeals. B.Lookingafterchildren. C.Educatingchildren.19.HowdidtheVictorianupperclassparentstreattheirchildrenactually?A.Cruelly. B.Kindly. C.Strictly.20.Whatwillthespeakertalkaboutnext?A.Lowerclassfamilies.B.Upperclasschildren’ssituation.C.Comparisonsbetweenupperandlowerclasses.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMakingtinyfurnitureisnopieceofcake.Inthiscourse,joinAmandaKelly,whoisnowpursuingherMaster’sdegreeofFineArtsinSculptureatRadfordUniversity,tolearnhowtocreaterealisticfurniturefromthebeginning.Whilestudentswhohavetakenthiscoursearehighlyencouragedtosignup,studentsofalllevelsarewelcome!CourseOverviewThiscourseincludesfivesessionseachlastingfor2hoursonfiveTuesdaysbeginningonNovember7.Session1(Tuesday,11/7,7—9:00PM)FoundationsandScaleSession2(Tuesday,11/14,7—9:00PM)MakingtheSideTableSession3(Tuesday,11/21,7—9:00PM)MakingtheBedSession4(Tuesday,11/28,7—9:00PM)OnePerson’sWasteIsAnother’sTinyTreasureSession5(Tuesday,12/5,7—9:00PM)SharingYourCreationsPricingOptionsInadditiontofull-priceticketsof$225,alimitednumberofno-payticketsareavailableforthiscourse.Pleasenotethattheseticketsarereservedforthosewhowouldnototherwisebeabletotakethiscourseandwhoexpecttoattendallsessions.No-payticketsaredistributedviaarandomdrawingtwoweeksbeforeeachcoursebegins.Formoreinformationandtoapplyforano-payspot,pleaseclickhere.WhatElsetoKnowThisisaninteractive,small-groupworkshop.Studentsareencouragedtoparticipateindiscussionsandworkonassignmentsoutsideofclass.Duetotheinteractivenatureofthiscourse,westronglyrecommendstudentsattendasmanylivesessionsaspossible.Ifstudentsareunabletoattendthelivesessions,aftereachsessiontheywillreceiveaccesstoarecordingofthelivesession,whichtheycanwatchforuptotwoweeksafterthecourseconcludes.21.Inwhichsessionmaystudentsdisplaytheirworks?A.Session2. B.Session3. C.Session4. D.Session5.22.Whatcanstudentsdoiftheymissalivesession?A.Reachouttootherstudents.B.Emailtheinstructorimmediately.C.Makeupfortheclasswithin72hours.D.Watchtherecordedclasswithin14days.23.Whatisthetext?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Asubmissionguide.C.Acourseintroduction. D.Afurniturebrochure.【答案】21.D22.D23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个制作家具的课程，主要涵盖课程概述、价格、其他须知事项等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据CourseOverview中“Session5(Tuesday,12/5,7—9:00PM)SharingYourCreations(第五节（星期二，12月5日，晚上7至9点）分享你的创作)”可知，学生将在第五节课中展示自己的作品。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatElsetoKnow中“Ifstudentsareunabletoattendthelivesessions,aftereachsessiontheywillreceiveaccesstoarecordingofthelivesession,whichtheycanwatchforuptotwoweeksafterthecourseconcludes.(如果学生不能参加现场课程，在每次课程结束后，他们将获得现场课程的录像，在课程结束后，他们可以观看长达两周的时间)”可知，如果学生错过了现场课程，他可以在14天内观看录制的课程。故选D项。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Inthiscourse,joinAmandaKelly,whoisnowpursuingherMaster’sdegreeofFineArtsinSculptureatRadfordUniversity,tolearnhowtocreaterealisticfurniturefromthebeginning.(在本课程中，加入现在正在莱德福德大学攻读雕塑艺术硕士学位的AmandaKelly，学习如何从头开始创造现实的家具)”可推知，文章应该是一篇制作家具的课程的介绍，旨在与读者分享该课程的相关信息：课程概述、价格、其他须知事项。故选C项。BItwasnotuntilphotographerRitaNanninileftNewYorkthatshegrewfascinatedbythecity’ssubways.WhilelivinginManhattanforsome15yearsinthe1980sandearly1990s,Nanninionlycommuted(通勤)ontheonetrain-giventhesubwaysystem’sbadreputation.ButafterrelocatingtoNewJerseyforseveralyearswheresubwayisnotanoption,Nanninifoundthatabsencedidmaketheheartgrowfonder—maybeevenforpizzarats.DuringhervisitbacktoNewYork,Nannininodded,noticingimprovementsinthesubway’sfacilities.WhileNanniniwaswaitingforatrain,abenchontheplatformoppositecaughtherattentionduetotheeverchangingfacesandcharacters.Theywerepeopleofdifferentaccents,colorsandbeliefs.Theywerefromallwalksoflife,adiversemixofNewYorkersalltherefortheirowndifferentreasons.Havinglearnedtheteenagers’popular“EndoftheLine”challenge—boardingtrainsatrandomandridingthemuntiltheirfinaldestination;NanninidecidedtovisiteveryfirstandlaststopacrosstheNYsubway’slineswithherbelovedcamera.Nannini’s“EndoftheLine”experiencesawhertravelingsome665milesacross26routesinNewYorkcity.Shetookover8,000photosofthefinalstations,aswellasthecommunitiestheyserved.Inmanycases,sherodetheroutestwoorthreetimesovertoensureshegot“theshot”.“Theprojectreallyshowsmehowimportantthesubwayis,andhowsustainableitmakesourlives,”shesaid“It’softensaidthatmyphotosshowtheendofthelines—thelaststops,”shesaid.“Buttheendofthelineisindeedthestartforsomanypeople.Thatmademethinkaboutwhothepeopleandthecommunitiesthatliveatthetwoendsareandwhatitisthatthesubwaymeanstothem.”Nanniniwasproudofhersetofimagesdirectlychallengingthetraditionsofstorytelling,whichechoedboththeboredomandexcitementoftravelontracks.Nanninienjoyedtakinghertime,startingherchallengein2013andonlyshootingthefinalphotoslastyear.HerfirstmonographontheterminalstopsoftheNYsubwaywasreleasedinApril2023.“Whenyoudriveinthesuburbs,youdon’thavethoseencounters,”shecontinued.“Peopleenteryourlifeonthesubway.That’swhatstrikesmemostonmyjouneyontracks.”24.HowdidNanninifindtheNewYorksubwayduringherrevisit?A.Ittumedoutfine.B.Itwasdepressing.C.Itstillheldthesamebadreputation.D.Itwouldbeheronlycommutingoption.25.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.ThediversityofNewYorkers’dailylife.B.TheinspirationforNannini’ssubwayshots.C.Thepopularityof“EndoftheLine”challenge.D.ThechallengesofNannini’sjobasaphotographer.26.WhatcanweinferfromNannini’s“EndoftheLine”experience?A.Herwayoftellingstoriesistraditional.B.Sheexpressedsympathyforthesubwayriders.C.Herphotographyishighlyexpectedbytheencounters.D.Shefoundlifeontrackswasmoreinterestingthanlifeonwheels.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.“EndoftheLine”Challenge:ANewTrendinNYSubwaysB.TheRoadHome:RitaNannini’sRecordofherSubwayRideC.LastStoptoNewStart:APhotographer’sRediscoveryofNYSubwaysD.NewYorkers’Routine:ASurprisingMixtureofBoredomandExcitement【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了摄影师丽塔·南尼尼重返纽约后对地铁始发站和终点站拍照的经历及其感慨。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ButafterrelocatingtoNewJerseyforseveralyearswheresubwayisnotanoption,Nanninifoundthatabsencedidmaketheheartgrowfonder —maybeevenforpizzarats.DuringhervisitbacktoNewYork,Nannininodded,noticingimprovementsinthesubway’sfacilities(但是，在搬到新泽西州几年后，由于当地没有地铁可选，南尼尼发现，缺失反而让她的心中更加思念——也许甚至对吃披萨的老鼠来说也是如此。南尼尼回到纽约时，她点了点头，注意到地铁设施有所改善。)”可知，南尼尼再次回到纽约，她感到地铁设施有所改善，很不错。故选A项。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“WhileNanniniwaswaitingforatrain,abenchontheplatformoppositecaughtherattentionduetotheeverchangingfacesandcharacters(南尼尼在等火车时，对面站台上的一个长椅吸引了她的注意，因为上面的人脸和角色总是不断变换着。)”以及“Havinglearnedtheteenagers’popular“EndoftheLine”challenge—boardingtrainsatrandomandridingthemuntiltheirfinaldestination;NanninidecidedtovisiteveryfirstandlaststopacrosstheNYsubway’slineswithherbelovedcamera.(在了解了青少年们流行的‘终点线’挑战——即随机登上火车并一直坐到终点后，南尼尼决定带着她心爱的相机，走访纽约地铁线路上的每一个首发站和终点站。)”可知，本段讲的是Nannini在地铁站看到的人物与景象，促使她决定带着她心爱的相机，走遍纽约地铁的每一站和最后一站，即本段讲述了Nannini拍摄地铁照片的灵感来源，故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Whenyoudriveinthesuburbs,youdon’thavethoseencounters,”shecontinued.“Peopleenteryourlifeonthesubway.That’swhatstrikesmemostonmyjouneyontracks.”(她继续说：‘你在郊区开车时，你不会有这样的邂逅。人们是在地铁上走进你的生活。这就是我在轨道旅途中最让我震撼的事情。’)”可推理出，南尼尼认为乘坐地铁的生活比开车的生活更有趣，故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“DuringhervisitbacktoNewYork,Nannininodded,noticingimprovementsinthesubway’sfacilities(在回访纽约期间南尼尼点头称赞，注意到地铁设施的改善。)”、第四段“It’softensaidthatmyphotosshowtheendofthelines—thelaststops,”shesaid.“Buttheendofthelineisindeedthestartforsomanypeople.Thatmademethinkaboutwhothepeopleandthecommunitiesthatliveatthetwoendsareandwhatitisthatthesubwaymeanstothem”(‘人们常说我的照片展示了线路的终点——最后一站。’她说：‘但对于那些很多人来说，终点实际上是起点。这让我思考起生活在两端的人们和社区是谁，以及地铁对他们意味着什么。’)”以及最后一段““Whenyoudriveinthesuburbs,youdon’thavethoseencounters,”shecontinued.“Peopleenteryourlifeonthesubway.That‘swhatstrikesmemostonmyjouneyontracks.’(她继续说：‘你在郊区开车时，你不会有这样的邂逅。人们是在地铁上走进你的生活。这就是我在轨道旅途中最让我震撼的事情。’)”可知本文主要讲的是摄影师丽塔·南尼尼重返纽约后对地铁始发站和终点站拍照的经历及其感慨；C项“LastStoptoNewStart:APhotographer’sRediscoveryofNYSubways(最后一站到新起点：摄影师重新发现纽约地铁)”能够概括文章主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。CAfterdecadesofexploringthemoon,adramaticvisionisfinallybecomingreality.TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.Thegoodstobestoredrangefromnovelsandpaintingstomusic,films，andevensoilfromEarth.AccordingtoArtnet,theonlyruleforacceptancefortheseworksisthattheymusthavebeenpre-curated(预先策划)byaprofessionalknowntoSamuelPeralta,theleaderoftheproject.SpeakingwithTheNewYorkTimes,Peraltasaidthattheaimoftheprojectistocreate“amessageinthebottleforthefixture”，showingthat“duringthistimeofwar,pandemicandeconomiccrisis,peoplestillfoundtimetocreatebeauty.”Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavetriedsendinghumanlegacies(遗产)toouterspace.In1969,theApollo12missioncarriedaceramicpiecewithdrawings.In1971,theApollo15staffleftasculpturetohonorthosewhohaddiedinspaceexploration.What’smorefamousistheGoldenRecordcarriedbyspacecraftVoyager1and2fromNASAin1977,whichcontainshumanlanguage,musicandimages.Forexample,apieceofChineseguqinmusic,calledFlowingStreamswasincludedinit.Althoughwedon’tknowwhodetermineswhichsymbolsofhumanlegacygetsentouttospaceinmostprojects,it’sobviousthatthecriteriakeepchanging.Inthepast，spaceheritageproductsonlyfocusedonspace-relatedworks;butgradually,morehuman-relatedcontemporarygoodswhichheldgreatimportanceintheirrespectiveerashavebeenaddedtothelist.IntheLunarCodex,films,diverseartandliteraryworksproducedbywomen,disabledartists,andevenAIhavebeencollectedforthefirsttimetobesenttothemoon.Thesechangingcriteriaalsoleavespaceforordinarypeopletoimagineandthink.ManypeoplearenowtryingtostoretheirDNAinformationdigitally.Willpeoplebeabletofindevenmoresurprisingandinventivewaystopreservetheirlegacyinthefuture?Onlytimecantell.28.Whatisthegoaloftheproject?A.Tomakethemoonlivable. B.Toshowrespecttoartists.C.Topreservetheexistingbeauty. D.TocontinuetheworkofVoyager2.29.Whydoestheauthormentionthemissionsin1969，1971and1977?A.Toexplainthemissionsareimportant.B.Tocomplainpeopleexploredouterspacenotsooften.C.ToshowChineseculturewasincludedgradually.D.Toprovepeoplehavebeendeliveringlegaciestothemoon.30.Whatdoesthechangeofthecriteriareflect?A.Humancivilizationisinclusive.B.Peopledon’tcareaboutspace-relatedworks.C.Women’spositionhasbeenimproved.D.PeopletakeAIseriously.31.Wherecanyoufindthearticle?A.Abrochure. B.Amagazine. C.Anadvertisement. D.Aposter.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲的是经过几十年的月球探索，一个戏剧性的愿景终于成为现实，即人类的许多象征性遗产将被储存在月球上。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.(《卫报》最近报道称，一个名为LunarCodex的项目计划将来自150多个国家和地区的艺术家、作家、电影制作人和音乐家的3万多件作品发送并储存在月球上。)”可知此次活动的目的是为了将现存的一些美好的东西进行保存，即保存现存的美。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段首句“Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavetriedsendinghumanlegacies(遗产)toouterspace.(事实上，这并不是人类第一次尝试将人类遗产送往外太空。)”可知事实上这并不是人类第一次尝试将人类遗产送往外太空，接着后文就这一论断进行了举例，所以提到1969年、1971年和1977年任务的目的是为了证明人类一直在向月球运送遗产。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughwedon’tknowwhodetermineswhichsymbolsofhumanlegacygetsentouttospaceinmostprojects,it’sobviousthatthecriteriakeepchanging.Inthepast，spaceheritageproductsonlyfocusedonspace-relatedworks;butgradually,morehuman-relatedcontemporarygoodswhichheldgreatimportanceintheirrespectiveerashavebeenaddedtothelist.IntheLunarCodex,films,diverseartandliteraryworksproducedbywomen,disabledartists,andevenAIhavebeencollectedforthefirsttimetobesenttothemoon.(虽然我们不知道在大多数项目中是谁决定将哪些人类遗产的象征送入太空，但很明显，标准在不断变化。过去，空间遗产产品只关注与空间相关的作品；但渐渐地，更多与人类有关的、在各自时代具有重要意义的当代商品被加入了名单。在LunarCodex中，首次收集了电影、女性、残疾人艺术家制作的各种艺术和文学作品，甚至人工智能也被送往月球。)”可知随着标准的不断变化，越来越多的与人类有关的、在各自时代具有重要意义的当代商品被加入了送往太空的人类遗产名单，由此可以推断人类文明是包容的。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Afterdecadesofexploringthemoon,adramaticvisionisfinallybecomingreality.TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.Thegoodstobestoredrangefromnovelsandpaintingstomusic,films，andevensoilfromEarth.(经过几十年的月球探索，一个戏剧性的愿景终于成为现实。《卫报》最近报道称，一个名为LunarCodex的项目计划将来自150多个国家和地区的艺术家、作家、电影制作人和音乐家的3万多件作品发送并储存在月球上。储存的物品从小说、绘画到音乐、电影，甚至是地球上的土壤。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知文章主要内容与月球探索有关，所以文章有可能出自一本与月球探索有关的杂志。故选B项。DMorethan50millionpeopleinAsia,Africa,theMiddleEastandelsewherefollowpastoralism(游牧)asawayoflife.Thepracticehassurvivedforsolongbecauseitisdesignedtochangewiththeenvironment.Pastoralistsmovewithanimalstofindnewlandsandwater,leavingbehindeatenplantstoregrow.Mongoliaiswellknownforitspastoralism.Agvaantogtokhandhisfamilyareherders(牧民).Onhorseback,herideswithnearlyathousandsheepandgoatstohelpthemfindwater.Sometimes,heandhiswife,Nurmaa,stoptohelpstrugglingyoungones,weakafteradifficultwinter.ForfamilieslikeAgvaantogtokh’s,pastoralismismorethanaprofession.Itisaculturalidentitythatconnectsgenerations.Atitsheartisthehumanconnectiontoanimals.Whiletheyconsidertheanimalsastheirproperty,theyalsoseethemaslivingbeingsworkingalongsidethem.Researcherssayherdersbelievein“animalagency”.Agvaantogtokhletshisanimalschoosethefoodtheyeatandwheretheyfindwater.Tohim,restrictingananimal’smovementandaskingittoeatthesamethingeachdayislikeputtingapersoninprison.InMongolia,weatherextremesareapartoflife.WhenAgvaantogtokhthinksaboutclimatechange,heisconcernedabouthumansandanimals.ContinuousdryandwarmweatheraffectsMongolia.Since1940,thegovernmentsays,averagetemperatureshaverisen2.2degreesCelsius.Tokeeptheirpracticealive,pastoralistsseekwaystomodernize.InMongolia,Lkhaebumrecentlybeganusingasmallvehicletomoreeasilysearchforhorses.ThefamilyuseselectricityandhasothertechnologiesincludingaTVandawashingmachine.Theyalsouseacellphonetofollowtheweatherandaccesssocialmediawhereherdersshareinformation.Oneofthebiggestthreatstopastoralismcomesfromwithin.NurmaaandAgvaantogtokh’s18-year-olddaughterstudiesmedicine.Theirsonspokeaboutbecomingaherderwhenhewasachild,butnotanymore.“Iwon’tregretanythingifmychildwon’tbeaherder,”Nurmaasaid.“Iwouldlikethemtodowhattheydesiretodo.”32.Whatcontributestothesurvivalofpastoralism?A.Hugepastoralistpopulations. B.Adaptationtotheenvironment.C.Herders’desiretotraveltonewplaces. D.Slowdevelopmentofmodernization.33.WhatdoespastoralismmeantoAgvaantogtokh?A.Thedistinctidentityofanimals. B.Apoorly-paidprofession.C.Anout-of-datelifestyle. D.Thebondbetweenmanandanimals.34.Whatdoes“animalagency”inParagraph4referto?A.Animals’livingincages. B.Animals’eatingthesamething.C.Animals’strugglinginshelters. D.Animals’movingaroundfreely.35.Whatisabigchallengeforpastoralism?A.Moderntechnology. B.Nogovernmentsupport.C.Youngpeople’sdisinterestinit. D.Lackofinformationexchange.【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要从游牧民族的人口数量、生活方式、现代科技对他们生活的改变以及所面临的挑战方面，详细介绍了以蒙古为代表的游牧民族的生活。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thepracticehassurvivedforsolongbecauseitisdesignedtochangewiththeenvironment.Pastoralistsmovewithanimalstofindnewlandsandwater,leavingbehindeatenplantstoregrow.”（这种做法之所以能流传这么久，是因为它的设计是随着环境的变化而变化的。牧民带着动物迁徙，寻找新的土地和水源，留下被吃掉的植物重新生长。）可知，游牧这种生活方式之所以能流传这么多年，是因为世代牧民采用了适应环境的生存方式。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ForfamilieslikeAgvaantogtokh’s,pastoralismismorethanaprofession.Itisaculturalidentitythatconnectsgenerations.Atitsheartisthehumanconnectiontoanimals.Whiletheyconsidertheanimalsastheirproperty,theyalsoseethemaslivingbeingsworkingalongsidethem.”（对于像Agvaantogtokh这样的牧民家庭来说，畜牧不仅仅是一种职业。它是一种世代相传的文化认同。它的核心是人类与动物的联系。虽然他们认为动物是他们的财产，但也把它们视为一起工作的生物。）可知，对于牧民Agvaantogtokh来说，游牧是连接人们和动物的纽带。故选D项。【34题详解】逻辑推理题。根据第四段“Researcherssayherdersbelievein“animalagency”.Agvaantogtokhletshisanimalschoosethefoodtheyeatandwheretheyfindwater.Tohim,restrictingananimal’smovementandaskingittoeatthesamethingeachdayislikeputtingapersoninprison.”（研究人员表示，牧民相信“动物代理机构”。Agvaantogtokh让他的动物选择它们吃的食物和它们在哪里找到水。对他来说，限制动物的活动并要求它每天吃同样的东西就像把一个人关进监狱一样。）可推断出，动物在所谓的“animalagency”里非常的自由。故选D项。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Oneofthebiggestthreatstopastoralismcomesfromwithin.NurmaaandAgvaantogtokh’s18-year-olddaughterstudiesmedicine.Theirsonspokeaboutbecomingaherderwhenhewasachild,butnotanymore.”（畜牧业面临的最大威胁之一来自家庭内在因素。Nurmaa和Agvaantogtokh18岁的女儿在学医。他们的儿子小时候想成为一名牧民，但现在已经不想了。）可知，牧民的子女对畜牧业不再感兴趣，不想延续父辈的游牧生活。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Herearethedon’tsanddo’sofshowingyoursupportforyourfriendswhenthey’rehavingahardtime.____36____.Therearetwoproblematickindsofhelpers;enthusiastsandfretters.Enthusiaststendtopushtheiradvice—toinsistonfixingorovercomingtheproblem.Frettersaresoworriedabouttheirfriend’schallengesthattheyareconstantlyconcernedaboutwhethertheyaredoingenoughtohelp.Trytokeepthosebehaviorsincheck.Nooneshouldhavetomanageyouwhenthey’regoingthroughatragedy.Don’tminimizethepainandstayawayfromstatistics.Forexample,ifafriendfailedthecollegeexam,don’ttellhimthat70%ofstudentsendinfailure.Rememberthatitdoesn’tmeanlesspainjustbecauseithappenstoalotofpeople.____37____.Keepthefocusonyourfriends.Whenyourfriendsaretalkingtoyou,it’seasyforyoutoshareasimilarstoryinanefforttorelateandconnect.Butit’snotalwayswelcome.Theymightfeelthatyou’vemadetheirpainaboutyou.____38____,letthemknowthatyouwentthroughsomethingsimilarbutallowthemtodecideiftheywanttohearaboutitatthemoment.Showingupisn’taone-timething.Rememberthatgrief(悲伤)issocomplexandyourfriendsmightgothroughseveralstagesofsorrow.____39____.Itmeansalotifyourfriendsknowthatyouarethinkingaboutthemallthetime.Askyourfriendshowyoucanbesthelp.____40____.Justask!A.Don’tletthemstayaloneB.Trynottobeover-enthusisaticorover-worriedC.KeepintouchwiththemandseeiftheyneedyoursupportD.IfyoudofeelthatyourexperiencemightbehelpfultothemE.Youdon’tneedtoautomaticallyknowwhatkindofhelptheywantF.Instead,feelwithyourfriendthebignessofwhatthey’regoingthroughG.Whenthereisn’taperfectresponsethatisgoingtomakepeoplefeelbetter【答案】36.B37.F38.D39.C40.