高考总复习英语（人教版）教师用书写作提升02体裁篇第3讲议论文

第三讲议论文议论文是以议论为主要表达方式的一种常用文体，它通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非等，来表达作者的见解和主张。中学英语书面表达所要求的议论文，是一种限定的写作，其论点、论据和论证都比较明确，考生可以结合题目要求，阐述相关的观点，切忌随意发挥。写好议论文要注意以下几个方面：1．把握好议论文的三要素：论点、论据和论证。论点要明确，论据要充分，论证要严密。2．合理分段，理清层次：通常可分为三段：第一段：提炼观点、引出话题：开门见山地提出需要讨论的话题。第二段：剖析现象、分析原因：一般而言，同一现象可能由多个原因造成，所以考生需要运用适当词语来引出原因，如firstly，secondly，thirdly；lastbutnotleast等。第三段：发表个人看法、观点。3．选用合适的论证方法：①归纳法(从分析典型即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结论)；②推理法(从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析，然后得出结论)；③对照法(把正反两方面进行对照，然后加以分析，得出结论)；④驳论法(先列出错误的观点，然后逐条加以批驳，最后阐明自己的观点)等。4．言之有物，以理服人：紧扣议题，用鲜活的事实来说服读者。恰当运用高级词汇、高档句式来丰富语句的信息量。[模板1对比观点型]________(问题)arebeingmoreandmorepopularnow.Therearetwosidesofopinionsof________(问题)．Somestudentssay________(观点一)aretheirfavorite.Theyholdtheirviewforthereasonthat________(理由一)．Whatismore，________(理由二)．Whileothersthinkthat________(观点二)isabetterchoiceinthefollowingtworeasons.Firstly，________(理由一)．Secondly，________(理由二)．Frommypointofview，________(“我”的观点)．Thereasonisthat________(理由)．Forme，thelatterissurelyawisechoice.①存在的问题。②赞成对方的观点。③反对对方的观点。④“我”的观点及原因。[模板2说明利弊型]Nowadaysmany________prefer________(问题)becauseithasanimportantroleintheirdailylife.Generallyspeaking，itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.First，________(优点一)．Second________(优点二)．Besides，________(优点三)．Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthat________(缺点一)．Tomakemattersworse，________(缺点二)．Throughtheaboveanalysis，Ibelievethat________(结论)．Therefore，I wouldliketo________(看法)．①提出问题。②列举优点。③列举缺点。④发表看法。[模板3社会现象型]Nowadays，thereexistsamonphenomenon：with________(原因)，moreandmorepeopletendto________(现象)．Thereareacoupleofreasonsbehindthisphenomenon.Foronething，________(理由一)．Foranother，________(理由二)．Whatismore,________(影响)．Basedontheabovediscussions，Icaneasilyforecastthat________(结论)．①具体的社会问题或者现象。②分析出现这种现象的原因。③得出结论。1．必备亮点词汇recentlyadv. 最近arousevt. 引起concludev. 得出结论influencen. 影响payattentionto 注意inaddition 另外paredwith... 与……比较asfarasIamconcerned 就我而言atotallydifferentargument 完全不同的观点positiveandnegativeeffects 有利有弊besupportedbysoundreasons 有充分的理由支持nowadaysadv. 现在sayingn. 谚语discussionn. 讨论majorityn. 多数indemand 需求personally 就个人而言argumentn. 争论proverbn. 谚语，格言analysisn. 分析asfollows 如下generallyspeaking 一般来说onthecontrary 相反fromanotherperspective 从另一个角度acontroversialissue 有争议性的问题severalpositiveaspects 几个积极的方面advantagesanddisadvantages 优势和劣势2．经典套用句型·闪亮篇首句Alongwiththedevelopmentof...，moreandmore...随着……的发展，越来越多的……Thereisalongrunningdebateastowhether...对于是否……有一个长期存在的争论。Somepeoplebelievethat...isreasonable.有些人认为……是合理的。Foryears，...hasbeenseenas...，butthingsarequitedifferentnow.多年以来，……一直被看作是……，但现在情况大不一样了。Nowadays，peopleinChinaareincreasinglyinterestedin...如今，中国人正越来越对……感兴趣。·出彩篇中句IprefermyEnglishclassestobetaughtinEnglishonly.我更喜欢英语课只用英语授课。Foranother，weshouldbehonestandtrytogetgoodresultsbystudyinghard.另一方面，我们应该诚实并且尽力通过努力学习取得好成绩。Therefore，theywillbeabletolearnmorequickly.因此，他们将学得更快。Whatcallsforspecialattentionisthat...需要特别注意的是……There’snodenyingthat...不可否认的是……Nothingisfarmoreimportantthanthefactthat...没有什么比……这一事实更为重要。However，therearealsosomeproblemswith...然而，……也有问题存在。Otherpeopleconsideritasafashionactshowingtheyarenot“out”．另一些人把这当作一种显示他们没有“落伍”的时尚行为。Asweallknow，agoodlearningenvironmentisvitalifwewanttostudyalanguagewell.正如我们所知，如果想学好一门语言，一个好的学习环境是至关重要的。Inmypointofview，...hasmuchdifferencefromtheorigin.在我看来，……与它的起源有很大的不同。Thearisingofthisactclearlyhassomethingtodowith...这种行为的出现与……有关。·精彩篇尾句Itcanbesaidwithcertaintythat...可以肯定地说……Astheproverbsays,...常言道，……FromallthatIsaid，Iagreetotheviewthat...根据以上所言，我同意……的观点。Justasthesayinggoes，“Practicemakesperfect.”正如俗语所说，“实践出真知。”Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove，wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat...根据上面的讨论，我们可以毫无疑问地得出……的结论。Frommypointofview，itwouldbebetterif...我认为，如果……会更好。Inconclusion，Ithinkit’sallrightto...总之，我认为……是可以的。请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。(2016·江苏卷)Inrecentyears，internetvotinghasbeeincreasinglypopularinChina.Peoplenotonlycastonlinevotesthemselves，butalsourgeotherstovoteforpetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”．LiJiang，ahighschoolstudent，isinvitedtovoteinthe“BestPoliceOfficer”petition，organizedbythelocalgovernmenttoletthepublichaveabetterunderstandingofpoliceofficers’dailywork.LiJiangvisitsthewebsiteandreadsallthestories.Heisdeeplymovedbytheirgloriousdeeds.Heisalreadythinkingofbeingapolicemanhimselfinthefuture.SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger”petition.Hehasalreadyreceivedthreesimilarinvitationsthisweek.Hisuncletellshimthatifhiscousinwinsthepetition，thefamilywillwinanoverseastourforfree.SuHualikeshiscousinverymuch，buthefindsothersingersperformevenbetter.Tovote，ornottovote？Thisisaquestionthattroubleshimverymuch.[写作内容]1．用约30个单词写出上文概要；2．用约不少于100个单词阐述你对网络投票的看法，并用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。[写作要求]1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3．不必写标题。[评分标准]内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。(范文1)Onlinevotingbeesincreasinglypopular，andmanypetitionsgetpeopleinvolvedinit.Itisbeneficialtosomepeople，whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.Inmyopinion，onlinevotingisaninseparablepartofmodernlifeandshouldbeweled，sinceitisnomorethanawaytoparticipateinpubliclife.Itmakesnodifferencefromordinaryvotingevents，inwhichcandidatesgoaroundtoseeksupports.Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient，regardlessoftimeandspace.Furthermore，votingontheInternetmakesinstantfeedbackpossible.Tobehonest，voterssometimesfeelannoyed，notbecausetheyhatevoting，butbecausetheyaredividedbetweenemotionandfairness.Thingswillturnforthebetterifwecanworkoutsomeparticipationrulesforpeopletoobey.Therefore,Iholdapositiveattitudetowardsonlinevoting.(范文2)Internetvotingisquitepopularnowadays.Manypeoplearesomewhatpuzzledatthenegativesideofthevoting，althoughsomearequitehappywithit，andacti