语法专题十三动词与动词短语

学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载第十三讲动词和动词短语真题自测【2013福建】24.Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich________spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.enjoysB.involvesC.practicesD.Suggests【2013福建】28.Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworks________indisasters.A.turndownB.turnoutC.breakdownD.breakout【2013湖北】23.Whileintelligentpeoplecanoften______thecomplex,afoolismorelikelytocomplicatethesimple.A.sacrificeB.substituteC.simplifyD.survive【2013湖北】24.Accordingtothelaw,allforeignershaveto______withthelocalpolicewithintwoweeksofarrival.A.associateB.disputeC.negotiateD.register【2013湖北】25.Butterflies______asweetliquidproducedbyflowers,whichbeesandotherinsectscollect.A.carryonB.feedonC.putonD.focuson【2013湖北】26.Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetime______forsleep—pureandsimple.A.setasideB.setdownC.setoffD.setup【2013江苏】23.—Thetownissobeautiful!Ijustloveit.—Metoo.Thecharacterofthetowniswell.A.qualifiedB.preservedC.decoratedD.simplified【2013江苏】29.Teamleadersmustensurethatallmemberstheirnaturaldesiretoavoidtheembarrassmentassociatedwithmakingmistakes.A.getoverB.lookoverC.takeoverD.comeover【2013江西】27. Motheralwayscomplainsthatchildren_______theirshoesveryquickly. A.findout B.washout C.wearout D.setout【2013江西】31. She_____thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolor. A.connected B.fitted C.equipped D.matched.二．考点讲义一、动词英语动词根据其意义和句法作用，可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。实义动词又称行为动词，为表示动作或状态的动词，可以单独充当句子的谓语。实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeanswaitingforanotherhour.Briantoldyouthattherewasn'tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn'the?Inordertomakeourcitygreen,wemustplantmoretrees.二、动词短语英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词等构成，在句中起动词的作用。MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadtosettingupsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.Inordertocatchupwiththeadvancedcountries,wemustkeeplearning.动词在句中作谓语或谓语的一部分时，其形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。高考对动词和动词词组的考查主要在以下几个方面。1．对不及物动词的考查不及物动词本身意思完整，不需要跟宾语，也没有被动语态。Youaresupposedtoarriveontime.WewenttoCanadatotravelandmycousinactedasourguide.2．对及物动词的考查及物动词本身意思不完整，后面需要接宾语。Inourchildhood,wewereoftenremindedbyparentstopayparentstostudyhard.—Juliasaidshesentyouabirthdaycardyesterday.Haveyougotit?—Oh,really!Ihaven'tcheckedmymailboxyet.3．对连系动词的考查连系动词虽有一定的词义，但不完全，不能独立充当谓语，必须和作表语的词(名词、形容词等)连用。Althoughhehastakenalotofmedicine,hishealthremainspoor.Cottonfeelssoftwhilestonefeelshard.4．动词＋副词Thefamousscientistgrewupwherehewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.WhenyouturnontheTVset,clearpictureswillimmediatelyappearonthescreen.注意：在“动词＋副词”的词组中宾语位置有两种情况：宾语如是名词，则可置于副词后面，亦可置于动词和副词之间。而如果宾语是代词，只能置于动词后面，即动词和副词之间。Youcantakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom.5．动词＋介词动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语置于介词后面。Thatfashionwhichdiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.Ifyourunintoanyproblemswhenyouarriveattheairport,givemearing.6．动词＋副词＋介词这类动词短语在词义上相当于一个及物动词，其宾语置于介词之后。Wemustworkhardtomakeupforlosttime.Youarewalkingtoofast.Ican'tkeepupwithyou.7．动词＋名词这类动词短语中的常见动词是have，take，give，make等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词，并表达了短语动词的真正意义。Hecaughtsightofanoldfriendwhenhewasshopping.Takeholdoftheropeandyouwillclimbup.8．动词＋名词＋介词这类动词短语只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语总是位于介词之后。KeepaneyeonthebabywhileIamout.Whattheteachersayshasgreateffectonthepupils.9．be＋形容词(包括过去分词作形容词)＋介词这类动词短语也相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后面，形容词的词义是短语动词的真正词义。ItoldhimwhatIwassurprisedatwashisattitudetowardshisstudy.Itisgoodforelderlypeopletobeinvolvedincommunityserviceactively.三．考点强化【2013辽宁】32.Briggswill_______asgeneralmanagerwhenMitchellretires.A.getawayB.takeoverC.setoffD.runout【2013陕西】25.Myunclehasn’tbeenabletoquitsmoking,butatleasthehas.A.cutoutB.cutdownC.cutupD.cutoff【2013天津】2.Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtoahand.A.lendB.shakeC.waveD.want【2013天津】8.IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasn’tabletoA.getawayB.dropinC.checkoutD.holdon【2013新课标II卷】2.Wouldyouliketowithustothefilmtonight?A.comealong B.comeoff C.comeacross D.comethrough【2013新课标II卷】8.Thewatchwasverygood,andhe20percentdownforit.A.paidB.costC.boughtD.spent【2013新课标I卷】23.Trynottocoughmorethanyoucansinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.A.check B.allow C.stop D.help【2013新课标I卷】30.Atthelastmoment,Tomdecidedtoanewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely. A.putup B.putin C.puton D.putoff【2013浙江】9.Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesureto______itwithimportantpoints.A.concludeB.leadC.avoidD.hold【2013浙江】12.Agoodlistenertakespartintheconversation,______ideasandraisingquestionstokeepthetalkflowing.A.realizingB.copyingC.offeringD.misunderstanding【2013浙江】17.Bears______fatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.A.packupB.buildupC.bringupD.takeup【2013安徽】26.Traditionally,collegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforethey______ontheirlifejourney.A.giveupB.settledownC.getthroughD.setoff四．句子翻译

这篇新闻报道是完全根据实际情况写的。(base…on)

父母去世后，他由他的姐姐抚养长大。(bring

up)

咱们应该怎样处理这些废报纸？(do

with)

如果天气允许的话，我们将在树林里野餐。(permit)

当我到达的时候，我发现门被关上了。(find+宾语+补语)

没人能对他的旷课做出解释。(account

for)

我决定还是求稳不要冒险。(take

a

chance；rather

than)五．完成句子11.Thefreshairinthecountryside_______________________________(已经改善了)toherhealth.(difference)12.WheneverI’mintrouble,healways___________________________________(帮助我).

(hand)13._____________________________________(沉迷于玩电脑游戏),heisoftenlateforclass.

(addict)14.Shelikesspeakingillofme.Ihave__________________________(受够了)her.(feed)15.TheEntranceExaminationtocollege______________________________(即将到来).Manystudentsaretryingtoprepareforit.(corner)16.Thethiefwascaughtand_________________________________(移交给警察).(hand)17.Healwayshelpsothersandis___________________________(与……相处得好)hiscolleagues.(term)18._______________________(据报道)over30peoplewerekilledinthebigfire.(report)19.Atpresent,you’dbetter__________________(不考虑)theseunpleasantmatters.(leave)20.Ittookmealongtime__________________________(理解)whatyouweresaying.(take)六．单词拼写Themilkmanleavesusabigb__________(瓶)ofmilk.Theyp____________(答应)thattheroofshouldberepairedwithintwodays.Anybodycanseethei____________(重要性)ofgoodhealth.Youcan’tp____________(可能地)runamileintwominutes.Thegoldringiskeptinas____________(秘密的)hidingplace,knownonlytoherhusband.Therewasonlyalargeappleh______________(收成)thisyear.Youcangetadoctorheretoo______________(做手术)onher.Haveyoubeentakingmuchm______________(药).Therearemanywordsthathavemorethanonep________________(发音).Thejobdemandssomeonewithacollegee________________(教育).七．词汇回顾重点单词1. betn.赌；打赌2. scenen.（戏剧）一场；现场3. permitvt.&vi.许可；允许n.通行证；执照4. starevi.凝视；盯着看5. accountn.说明；理由；计算，账目6. appearancen.出现；外貌7. patiencen.耐性；忍耐8. sillyadj.愚蠢的；无聊的9. jealousadj.妒忌的；猜疑的10. unbelievableadj.难以置信的11. rude12. manner13. scream14. indeed15. decade16. humor17. character18. director重点短语19. makeabet打赌20. goahead前进；往下说21. byaccident偶然；不小心22. accountfor说明；导致；做出解释23. tobehonest说实话24. shouldertoshoulder肩并肩25. inrags衣衫褴褛26. evenif27. permit/allowsb.todosth.28. careabout29. getintotrouble30. asamatterofface31. asfor…32. giveattentionto33. honorsb.forsth.八．阅读JamesClevelandOwenswasthesonofafarmerandthegrandsonofblackslaves.HisfamilymovedtoClevelandwhenhewas9.There,aschoolteacheraskedtheyouthhisname."J.C.,"hereplied.Shethoughthehadsaid"Jesse",andhehadanewname.Owensranhisfirstraceatage13.Afterhighschool,hewenttoOhioStateUniversity.Hehadtoworkparttimesoastopayforhiseducation.AweekbeforetheBigTenmeet,Owensaccidentallyfelldownaflightofstairs.Hisbackhurtsomuchthathecouldnotexerciseallweek,andhehadtobehelpedinandoutofthecarthatdrovehimtothemeet.Herefusedtolistentothesuggestionsthathegiveupandsaidhewouldtry,eventbyevent.Hedidtry,andtheresultsareintherecordbook.ThestagewassetforOwensvictoryattheOlympicGamesinBerlinthenextyear,andhissuccesswouldcometoberegardedasnotonlyathleticbutalsopolitical.HitlerdidnotcongratulateanyoftheAfricanAmericanwinners."Itwasallrightwithme,"hesaidyearslater."IdidntgotoBerlintoshakehandswithhim,anyway."HavingreturnedfromBerlin,hereceivednotelephonecallsfromthepresidentofhisowncountry,either.Infact,hewasnothonoredbytheUnitedStatesuntil1976,fouryearsbeforehisdeath.OwensOlympicvictoriesmadelittledifferencetohim.Heearnedhislivingbylookingafteraschoolplayground,andacceptedmoneytoraceagainstcars,trucks,motorcyclesanddogs."Sure,itbotheredme,"hesaidlater."Butatleastitwasanhonestliving.Ihadtoeat."Inti