专题3.冠词（小初考点差异及衔接）（原卷版）

冠词（小初考点差异及连接）学校要求不定冠词a与an定冠词the学校要求不定冠词a与an的用法；定冠词the的用法；3、“零”冠词的用法。【学校冠词考点聚焦】考点1.不定冠词a与an在下列名词前填上a或an。1.________picture2._________ear3._________duck4.________elephant5.________girl6._________apple7.________hour8.________actor9._________university 10.______usefulbook考点2.定冠词the1.—Who’s_______boyin_______sweater?—He’sDavid.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;a2.______moongoesaround______earth.A.A;an B.The;an C.An;the D.The;the用a,an或the填空，若不需要填写,则划“/”。1.Sheis________universitystudent.2.Peterlivesin________secondfloor.3.Ittakesme________hourtogotoschool.4.Excuseme,whereis________bookstore?5.Tomorrowis________Sunday.【学校冠词考点聚焦】考点清单冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词前，挂念指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词，另一种是不定冠词，还有一种是零冠词。a/an叫不定冠词，the叫定冠词。a用在辅音音素开头的单词之前，an用在元音音素开头的单词之前。如：auniversity,anhour,abook,anapple等。考点一不定冠词的用法⑴a和an均用在单数名词之前，泛指某一类人或事物。如：Johnisastudent.//MaryisanEnglishteacher.⑵表示数量“一”，但数的概念不如one猛烈。如：Passmeanapple,please.//Ihaveacomputerandacar.⑶指某人或某物，但不具体指明是哪个人或物。如：Astudentwantstoseeyou.//Agirliswaitingforyououtside.⑷表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。如：Takethemedicinethreetimesaday.//Theygotoseetheirparentsonceaweek.⑸用在序数词前表示“又一，再一”。如：I’vetriedthreetimes.Letmetryafourthtime.⑹用在某些固定短语中。如：afew/little,acup/bottleof,catchacold/bus,haveagoodtime,havealook,inaminute,makeamistake,alotof,havearest,halfanhour,akindof,anumberof,makeacontribution,haveatalkwith等。1.Severalyearsago,IworkedforEnglishnewspaperwhichwasdoingsuchresearch.

2.HecouldlearnsomenewskillswiththehelpofNathan.Itwouldbeexcitingexperience.

3.EdwenttostudyartinParisandbecameartist.

4.Yourbestfriendistellingyoujoke,butyoucan’tcatchit!

5.Inthekitchen,therewassurpriseforClaudio—hisfavoritepancakes.

6.What’samazingisthatBethhasn’teverbeentodrumlesson.

考点二定冠词用法⑴特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如：Thegirlinredismysister.//ThemanwithaflowerinhishandisJack.⑵指谈话双方都生疏的人或事物。如：Passmetheball,please.//Openthedoor,please.⑶指上文已经提到的人或事物。如：Iboughtapenyesterday.Thepenisformybrother.Isawafilmlastnight.ThefilmisaboutJim.//Thereisamanunderthetree.ThemaniscalledRobert.⑷用在世界上独一无二的名词前。如：Thesunrisesfromtheeast.//Theearthturnsaroundthesun.⑸用在序数词、形容词最高级(副词最高级前the可省略)以及表示方位的名词的前面。如：Whoisthefirstonetogo?//Ofallthestars,thesunisthenearesttotheearth.//TherewillbestrongwindtothesouthoftheYangtzeRiver.【提示】序数词前通常要加the，但表示在原来基础上另加一(个)时，则在序数词前加a。如：asecondlanguage(除母语外的)其次语言⑹用在与play连用的西洋乐器名词前构成固定搭配“play+the+乐器名称”。如：playthepiano/theviolin/guitar⑺用在江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉、群岛等名称的前面。如：theChangjiangRiver；thePacificOcean；theWestLake。⑻用在由一般名词构成的专出名词前（如：国家名称、机关团体、阶级）等。如：theGreatWall；theForbiddenCity；theRedArmy；//HeisfromtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.⑼用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇二人。如：TheLishavemovedtoBeijing.//TheGreensaregoingtoMountEmeinextmonth.⑽用在某些形容词前，表示一类人或事物。如：thepoor穷人；theblind盲人；therich富人；theold老人；thesick病人。⑾用于单数可数名词前，泛指某一类。如：Thehorseisausefulanimal.⑿用于“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位”。如：Hecatchmebythearm.//Shehithimonthenose.//Ilookedhimintheface.⒀用在表示“……世纪……年月”的结构前，年份后面加“-s”。如：inthe1990s在二十世纪九十年月⒁用在一些习惯用语中。如：inthesky在天空中；inthemiddleof…在……的中间；alltheyearround一年到头；atthesametime(与此同时)；makethebed(铺床)；intheend(最终)；allthetime(始终)；bytheway(顺便说一下)；ontheway(在路上)；inthemorning(afternoon,evening)；ontheleft(right)；attheendof等。1.Butwithsocial⁃distancing(社交距离)rulesinUnitedStates,manysummercampsfacedifficultdecisions.

2.Forfirsttimeinhislife,MrHappylosthissmile.

3.Itookhimtocomputerinmyroomandsaid,“Righthere.”

4.Fortherestoftheday,threeofustravelledtogether.

考点三不用冠词的状况（即“零”冠词的用法）⑴专出名词(包括人名、国名、地名、节日、星期、月份、季节)前不用冠词。

如：BeijingUniversity；Jack；China；England；Mary；March；Sunday；NationalDay；spring；ChairmanMaoisagreatman.//BeijingisthecapitalofChina.//I’minClassOne.【留意】①季节，月份，星期后面带有修饰语时，它们前面就要加定冠词the。如：thesummerof2010②一般状况下以Day结尾的节日前不加the。如：NewYear’sDay,Teachers’Day,NationalDay等。③一般状况下以Festival结尾的节日前加the。如：theSpringFestival;theDragon-BoatFestival;theMid-AutumnFestival⑵复数名词泛指一类人或事物时，不用冠词。如：Theyareteachers/nurses.⑶不行数名词（物质名词和抽象名词）前一般不加冠词。如：time时间；water水；fruit水果；love爱；air空气。⑷名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、名词全部格、不定代词或疑问代词时（this,my,Tom’s,whose,some,no,each,every等），不用冠词。如：Cakeismyfavouritefood.//Mypenismuchmoreexpensivethanyours.//Iwantthisbook,notthatone.⑸球类、棋类、学科、语言、消遣运动、一日三餐前的名词前，不用冠词。

如：haveChinese；learnChinese；havebreakfast(lunch/supper)；playvolleyball；Helikesplayingfootball/chess.//WelikeEnglishandmathsverymuch.【留意】①表示三餐的名词前有形容词修饰时，要加定冠词the。如：Theyhadaquickbreakfast.②具体指某一个球时，要加定冠词the。如：Whereisthebasketball?⑹表示职位、身份、头衔、称呼的名词前，不用冠词。

如：LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.//TheguardstooktheAmericantoGeneralLee.⑺当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词。如：Ican’twritewithoutpenorpencil.⑻当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词。如：bybus,bytrain；⑼有些个体名词不用冠词。如：school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义。如：gotohospital去医院看病;gotothehospital去医院(并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)⑽城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用冠词。如：TheyarenowatPeople’sCinema.⑾一些习惯用语中不用。如：at/to/from/outof/after/forschool；in/to/for/afterclass；in/to/outof/intobed；after/at/from/outof/towork；at/tosea；in/from/down/totown；at/fromhome；at/for/tobreakfast/lunch/supper；atnight/noon/midnight；onfoot；gotoschool/bed；ontopof；infrontof；onshow/display/duty/watch；in/outofhospital；atall；on/intime；atfirst/last/once；inChinese/English；takecareof等。⑿不用冠词的序数词。如：①序数词前有物主代词。如：ThisismyfirsttimetocometoGuilin.②序数词作副词。如：Hecamefirstintherace.③在固定词组中。如：at(the)first,firstofall,fromfirsttolast1.Weshouldhavebreakfasteverydaytokeephealthy.

A.aB.anC.theD./冠词的位置⑴通常状况：冠词位于名词前，若名词前有形容词修饰，冠词要放在形容词之前。如：abeautifulflower;anhour。⑵特殊状况：①不定冠词在half,such,what,many之后。如：suchanicegirl(=soniceagirl)//halfanhourManyastudenthaspassedtheexam.(=Manystudentshavepassedtheexam.)Whatabeautifulflower!(=Howbeautifulaflower!)②不定冠词在as,so,how,too修饰的形容词之后。如：Howcoldadayitis!(=Whatacolddayitis!)③副词quite和rather可置于不定冠词之前。如：It’squiteanicehorse.(=It’saverynicehorse)//It’sratherahotdaytoday.(=It’saveryhotdaytoday)④当名词由both或all,whole修饰时，定冠词须放在both或all之后,whole之前。如：allthestudents,boththechildren,thewholestoryⅠ.填空题1.AssymbolofChina,thepanda,ofcourseisthefavoriteoftheOlympics.

2.AlthoughtheOlympicWinterGamesmaynothaveasmanyplayersastheOlympicSummerGames,theysharesameOlympicspirit.

3.AndinApril2021,thecitydecidedtostartactivityaskingownerstopickupwasteoftheirpets.

4.Thenhowcanwefindhappiness?IaskedSallysuchquestion.

5.Oncewetriedtoburnchemicals,chemicalsproducedmanycolorsofflames(火焰),includingbrightorangeanddarkgreen.

6.Andbambooplayedimportantroleinit.

7.WuhanisoneoflargestandmostbeautifulcitiesinChina.

8.Soon,anotherbusdriverandambulance(抢救车)arrivedtohelp.

9.Wishthetraincouldbelessnoisy?Theremightbesolutionforyou.

10.WangDewen,greatChinesewoodworker,livesinWuzhou,SouthChina’sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.

Ⅱ.选择题1.—Wow,whatacoolmodelspaceship!—Thanks!Myfathergaveittomea