语法专题05 形容词和副词

语法专题05形容词和副词形容词形容词用于描述人或事物所具有的特征、共性、品质等。如：interesting，fun，boring，difficult，nice，great，good等。部分形容词有-ing和-ed两种形式，表示的意义不同。-ing形式通常指事物本身的性质，意为＂令人感到……的＂，而-ed形式通常指人的感受，意为＂感到……的＂。►interesting令人感爱好的，好玩的 ►interested感爱好的►Thestoryisinteresting.这个故事很好玩。►Sheisinterestedinthegame.她对这个玩耍感爱好。类似的词还有：boring无聊的exciting令人兴奋的bored感到无聊的excited感兴奋的relaxing令人放松的surprising令人吃惊的relaxed感到放松的surprised感到吃惊的moving令人感到动的；感人的moved感动的例题：Everyonewas________whentheyheard(听到)the________news.A.exciting;excitingB.excited;excitingC.exciting;excited形容词副词的比较等级规章变化一般加-er,-eststrong---stronger---strongest以字母e结尾的只加-r,-stlate---later---latest以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写这个辅音字母后再加-er,-esthot---hotter---hottestthin---thinner---thinnestslim---slimmer---slimmest以辅音字母+y结尾的词，将y变为i,再加-er,-estangry---angrier---angriestugly---uglier---ugliestearly---earlier---earliest双音节词和多音节词，在词前加more或mostquickly---morequickly---mostquicklyenthusiastic---moreenthusiastic---mostenthusiastic留意：=1\*GB3①少数双音节词以及以-er和-le结尾的词有两种比较级和最高级形式common---commoner/morecommon---commonest/mostcommonclever---cleverer/moreclever---cleverest/mostcleversimple---simpler/moresimple---simplest/mostsimple=2\*GB3②有些形容词没有程度或本身表程度，没有比较级和最高级，如right/wrong/excellent/favorite/perfect等。不规章变化good/well---better---bestbad/badly---worse---worstmuch/many---more---mostlittle---less---leastold---older/elder---oldest/eldestfar---farther/further---farthest/furthest形容词副词比较级基本用法“比较级+than”表示“比...更”Hegetsupearlierthananyoneelseintheclass.“比较级+比较级”表示“越来越....”Ourcountryisbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越.....,越.....”Themoreticketsyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.“the+比较级+ofthetwo”表示“两者中较....的”Theshorterofthetwogirlsismysister.“no+比较级+than”表示“两者都不....”Heisnotallerthanhisbrother.“not+比较级+than”表示“前者不如后者”Heisnottallerthanhisbrother.形容词副词最高级基本用法=1\*GB3①The+形容词/副词最高级+表范围的介词短语（among/of/in）Autumnisthebestseasonoftheyear.Heworkshardestinhisclass.=2\*GB3②“Oneofthe+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+范围”表示“....中最....之一”Thisisoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernhistory.=3\*GB3③“the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数”表示“第几最....”TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.=4\*GB3④否定词+比较级=最高级Hehasneverspentamoreworryingday.比较级和最高级的修饰词修饰原级的词：fairly,quite,rather,so,very,too,nearly修饰比较级的词：much,even,still,(by)far,alittle,alot,agreatdeal,any等修饰最高级的词：序数词,(by)far,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notreally,nothinglike等倍数的表达：=1\*GB3①倍数+as---as=2\*GB3②倍数+比较级+than=3\*GB3③倍数+the+名词+ofAtaroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesasbigasGreatBritain.==Ataroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesbiggerthanGreatBritain.==Ataroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesthesizeofGreatBritain.形容词副词的转换一般状况加-lyquick—quicklybrave---bravely辅音字母+y结尾，改y为i再加-lyeasy---easilybusy—busily以-le结尾，去e加-ysimple—simplygentle—gentlypossible---possibly元音字母+e结尾去e加-lytrue---truly-ll结尾，只加-yfull—fullydull—dully-ic结尾，加-allybasic—basicallyscientific---scientificallyspecific---specifically留意：public---publicly留意：特殊变形：whole—whollyshy—shylydry—dryly2.以-ly结尾的形容词：friendly/lovely/lively/lonely/deadly/monthly/yearly/daily/weekly四：易混形容词副词的区分ago,beforeago从现在算起若干时间以前，常用一般过去时Igraduatedfromthecollege10yearsago.before=1\*GB3①从过去某时间算起若干时间以前，常用过去完成时Shesaidthatshehadmarriedhim3monthsbefore.=2\*GB3②单独使用，常用现在完成时Haveyoueverseenthisfilmbefore?hard,hardlyhardlyadv.几乎不hardadj.困难的adv.努力地Thisisahardjob.WecanhardlybelievePeterworkssohard.so,suchsuch+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词such+adj+复数名词或不行数名词so+adj./advso+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词so+many/much/few/little(少的)+复数名词或不行数名词late,later,latter,latest,latelylateadj./adv.迟晚lateradj.以后的//adv.后来latteradj.(两者中)后者的latestadj.最新的latelyadv.最近，近来一、单项选择1．—Helenfeels________afterwatchingthe________basketballgame.—Me,too.Iwanttowatchitagain!A．exciting;exciting B．excited;excited C．exciting;excited D．excited;exciting2．—Whatdoyouthinkoftheboyingreenjacket?—Heisa________soccerplayerandcanplaysoccer________.A．well;good B．good;well C．well;well D．good;good3．Howcanwebestrongand________?A．health B．healthier C．healthy D．healthiest4．Don’trunsofast.Youmustbe________whenyoucrossthestreet.A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．nervous5．MissGreenisfrom________.Sheis________.A．English；English B．England；England C．English；England D．England；English6．—Isthedoor________now?It’ssocold.—Sorry,Iwillkeepthedoor________.A．opened;closed B．open;closeC．opened;close D．open;closed7．Thefilmmakesus________.A．tohappy B．happily C．happy D．tohappily8．Mr________shoesare________.A．green;green B．Green;Green C．Green’s;green D．green’s;green9．Myfirstteacherwas________withme.A．friendly B．strict C．strictly D．friend10．JennyandKatearemygood________.Theyarevery________tome.A．friend;friendly B．friendly;friendlyC．friends;friendly D．friends;friend11．—Wasit________inyourareayesterday?—No,Butitsnowedheavilytoday.A．snow B．snows C．snowed D．snowy12．—Myfatherisa________man.—Ithinkso.Yourfatheris________overthere.A．hard-working;work B．workhard;working C．hard-working;working D．workhard;work13．—Iboughtapairofglovesforyou.Theycankeepyourhands_________.—Thankyouverymuch.A．cold B．coldly C．warm D．warmly14．—Theteacherlooksvery________.

—Yes,heislooking________atTom.What’swrong?A．angry;angrily B．angry;angry C．angrily;angrily D．angrily;angry15．Thepunchyoumadetastedquite________.A．well B．good C．nicely D．terribly16．Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Mymummadeanicecakeformeandittasted________.A．well B．delicious C．better D．deliciously17．Shestaysathome________,butshedoesn’tfeel________.A．lonely;alone B．alone;lonely C．alone;alone D．lonely;lonely18．Chineseisas________asEnglishinourdailylife.A．important B．moreimportant C．importanter D．importantly19．Heisoneof________inhisclass,sohealwayssitsinthebackrow.A．thetallestboys B．tallestboys C．tallboys D．thetallerboy20．Thesunshinesandshines,theweatherbecomes________.A．warmandwarm B．warmerandwarmer C．coolandcool D．coolerandcooler21．—IfIgetthejob,I’llmake________moremoney.—Yes,youwillgetmore________eachmonth.A．alittle;dollar B．afew;dollars C．alittle;dollars D．afew;dollar22．Tomishardworking.Itisnot________thathecanpasstheexameasily.A．surprising B．surprised C．interesting D．interested23．Thereisn’t________inthiscountrythisyear.A．enoughrain B．rainenough C．rainyenough D．enoughrains24．Thisappleis________thatone.A．threetimesasbiggeras B．asbigthreetimesasC．threetimesasbigas D．asbigasthreetimes25．You’dbetterkeepthewindows________.Itissohothere.A．open B．opening C．opens D．opened26．—WhatdoesLucylooklikeafterschool?

—She.A．looklikehappy B．lookslikehappy C．lookshappily D．lookshappy27．LucyandLilyare__________students.A．twonew B．toonew C．newtwo D．newtoo28．YangMiisaniceladywith________.A．longblackhair B．alongblackhair C．shortblackhairs D．ablacklonghair29．Heworkshardandisoften________.Ihopehewillhavemore________.A．success;successful B．successful;successC．success;successes D．successful;successful30．Shanghaiisbiggerthan________cityinChina.A．theother B．another C．anyother D．someother31．Sheisa________dancerandshecandancevery_______.A．good,well B．well,well C．good,well D．well,good32．WhenIgottothehospital,mygrandmawas________.A．living B．alive C．live D．lives33．I’m________inreadingEnglishstories.A．interesting B．interests C．interested D．interest34．Thefilmis________wonderful,andwefeel________.A．quite;relaxed B．quiet;relaxed C．quite;relaxing D．quiet;relaxing35．Thesecarsare________.Theyrun________.A．quicker;quick B．quickly;quickly C．quick;quickly D．quickly;quick36．—I________watchsportsnewsbecauseit’sboring.—Really?ButIthinkit’sinteresting.A．always B．hardlyever C．usually D．sometimes37．—Canyoufindmydictionary,mum?—No,Ilookedforit________,butstillcan’tseeit.A．somewhere B．everywhere C．anywhere D．nowhere38．Look!Thetrafficisterribleduringrushhours.Soyoushoulddrive.A．fast B．quickly C．quietly D．carefully39．Mr.Smithdoesn’tlikeswimming,sohe______goesswimmingwithhischildren.A．always B．usually C．often D．seldom40．—Canyouswim?—Yes,I________,andIdoit________.A．must;good B．must;well C．can;good D．can;well41．Mary______speaksChinese.Sheknowsitjustalittle.A．often B．usually C．seldom42．JimisfromEnglandandhespeaksEnglishvery________.A．good B．well C．bad D．badly43．Kittydrawsas________asMike.A．ugly B．wonderful C．beautiful D．carefully44．ItishoteverysummerinXinjiangandit________rains.A．sometimes B．always C．never D．seldom45．Imusthaveagoodsleep,soI________sleeplate.A．sometimes B．often C．seldom D．never二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

Whatwouldpeopleliketoeatontheirbirthday?Theanswermaynotbethe46indifferentcountries.In47countries,peoplehavebirthday48withcandles.The49ofcandlesistheperson’sage.Thebirthdaypersonmust50awishandblowoutthecandles.Ifheorshe51allthecandlesin52go,thewishwill53.IntheUK,peoplesometimes54acandyinabirthdaycake.Thechildwiththecandyis55.

InChina,itisgetting56tohavecakeonyourbirthday.Butmanypeoplestilleatverylongnoodlesfortheirbirthday.They57cutupthenoodlesbecausethelongnoodlesareasymboloflong58.Insomeplaces,Chinesepeoplealsoeat59ontheirbirthday.Theyareasymboloflifeandgoodluck.

Allofthesebirthdayfoodsmaybedifferent,buttheideasarethesame.They60goodlucktothebirthdayperson.46．A．same B．fun C．right D．real47．A．any B．all C．many D．much48．A．food B．eggs C．noodles D．cakes49．A．name B．color C．size D．number50．A．make B．take C．say D．spell51．A．findsout B．putsout C．looksout D．blowsout52．A．one B．two C．first D．second53．A．comeon B．comedown C．cometrue D．comeout54．A．lose B．make C．put D．find55．A．busy B．healthy C．tidy D．lucky56．A．welcome B．popular C．relaxing D．interesting57．A．never B．always C．often D．sometimes58．A．time B．way C．life D．story59．A．rice B．eggs C．fish D．vegetables60．A．take B．bring C．get D．Have三、阅读理解ATheChinesezodiac

TheChinesezodiac(生肖，属相)features12animalsignsinthisorder:Rat,Ox,Tiger,Rabbit,Dragon,Snake,Horse,Sheep,Monkey,Rooster,DogandPig.Ithasahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Thereisananimalforeachyear,butthe“year”isdefinedbyChineselunarcalendar(按农历界定).It’snotfromJan.1sttoDec.31stingeographicalyear.ChinaRed

RedisthecolorofChina.InChinawecallitChinaRed.Itmakespeopleexcited.AndithasrichmeaninginChinesecultureandhistory.Here,redisasymbol(象征).Itgivescolortothesoul(灵魂)ofthenation.ChinaRedisthecoloroftheluck,health,harmony,happiness,peace,richnessandsoon._________

PeopleusuallyspendthefirstdayoftheChineseNewYearwiththeirfamilymembersathome.TheyusuallyhavedumplingsorniangaoasthefirstmealoftheNewYear.Afterbreakfast,littlekidsputonnewclothesandgiveNewYeargreetingstotheirparentsandgrandparents.Boththekidsandun-marriedadultsmayreceivemonetaryredenvelopesfromseniorsinthefamily.61．Thethreematerialsabovehavesomethingtodowith_________?A．Chinesescience B．Chineseculture C．Chinesefood D．Chinesesports62．Theheading(小标题)ofthethirdmaterialmaybe_________.A．GoingHomeForNewYear B．MakeAWishForNewYearC．FirstDaySpentAtHome D．WhatPeopleEatForBreakfast63．Theunderlinedpart“redenvelopes”probablymeans_________inChinese.A．春联 B．红包 C．窗花 D．剪纸64．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned(提到)?A．WhatanimalsareintheChinesezodiac. B．WhatthemeaningofChinaRedis.C．WhatwedoonthefirstdayofNewYear. D．Whatwehaveforlunchanddinner.65．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_________.A．theyearinChineselunarcalendarisdifferentfromthegeographicalyearB．redisthesymbolofbadluck,health,harmony,happiness,peace,richnessC．theyearinChineselunarcalendarstartsfromJan.1standendsonDec.31stD．peoplehavedumplingsorniangaoaftervisitingtheirgrandparentsathomeBOnmostweekends,youcanfindLisaStoneinfrontofacomputer.Butsheisn’tplayinggamesorwatchingvideos.She’slearninghowtowritecode.Codeisasetofinstructions(指令).Ittellsacomputerwhattodo.Codersarethepeoplewhowritetheinstructionsforacomputer.Codersmakewebsites(网站)orapps.Appscanbeusedforeverythingfromplayinggamestocheckingtheweather.Lisabegantolearncodingwhenshewas4yearsold.Sheusescodingtodoart,workoutproblemsandmakegames.Lisalikescodingbecauseit’suseful.“Codingisreallyfun,”shesaid.“Youcanshowwhatyouthinkinwhatyoumake.”HowdoesLisalearncoding?ShetakesclassesatC.Thewebsiteoffershundredsoffreecodelessonsforkids.Infact,morethan29millionstudentsin180countries(国家)useit.Ithopestobringcodingtoevenmorekids.“Webelievethateverychildshouldhavethechancetolearnaboutcomputersandcoding,”saidAliceSmith,thepresident(负责人)ofC.