山东省潍坊市2022-2023学年度高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题 附答案

试卷类型：A高三英语2023.1注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。With1,500squaremilestoexplore,fromitsromanticattractionstoitswildlandscapesandtheeasyrurallifestyle,therearenodecentpublicfacilitiesbutcertainlynoshortageofbeautifulplacestostaywiththeLakeDistrict.Seebelowourhand-pickedselection.UlverstonLinedwithcharmingcobbled（铺鹅卵石的）streets，UlverstonisaprettyhistoricmarkettownlocatedjustSouthoftheLakeDistrict.Itisadelightfulescapefromthecrowd-filledattractionsintheSouthernLakes,yetisjustastone'sthrowawayfromthem.GrasmereGrasmereisforeverlinkedtotheworld-renownedLakelandpoets,mostnotablyWilliamWordsworth.Eachyear,manymakethetraveltoDoveCottageinGrasmere,wheresomeofWordsworth'smostfamousworkswerewritten.Fromtoweringpeakstotastytreats,aholidayinGrasmerewouldalsonotbecompletewithoutatasteofthefamousGrasmereGingerbreadthat'sbeenmadeheresincethemid-19thcentury.CartmelHometomanytraditionalstonebuildingsandcharmingscenery,CartmelisaprimitivevillageinSouthCumbria.Appreciatingthecolorfulglasswindowsandsculpturesmakesitamemorablevisit.Cartmel'sstickypudding,atraditionalEnglishdessertfromthisLakeDistrictvillage,isamust-try.Cartmel'srestaurantsandpubsprovideawiderangeoffoodanddrinktorechargethebatteriesafteranexhaustinghike.KendalKnownasthegatewaytotheLakes,Kendalisabusytownhostingaselectionofrestaurantsandshops,whichmakesitanexcellenttouringbase.Youcanalsoenjoythesurroundingviewsoflandscapesandlakesfromthehilltop.BothWinder-mereandtheCumbriancoastareeasytoreach,makingitafinelocationforloversofbothcoastandcountryside.1.WhatattractthetravelerstotheLakeDistrict？A.Luxuriousfacilities.B.Mysteriousadventures.C.Leisurelycountrysidesights.D.Convenienttransportationsystems.2.Whichdestinationbestsuitsloversofliterature?A.Ulverston.B.Grasmere.C.Cartmel.D.Kendal.3.WhatcantouristsdoatCartmel?A.Chargethebatteryforfree.B.Tasteauniquelocalsnack.C.Bicycleintheoldvillage.D.Admiremodernarchitectures.BJudeandLeoHaweshavecomealongwaysincetheyenteredtheworld,bornatjust29weeks.AirliftedfromtheirhomeinLauncestontohospitalinHobart,thetwins,nowhappyandhealthytwo-year-olds,weredeliveredintotheICUtobecaredforandmonitored.AgiftfromtheTasmanianbranchofOctopusforaPreemie（早产儿）forthemwasalightinthedark."Thesestoriesreallydoreminduswhyweallspendsomuchtimeandourownmoneymakingtheseoctopuses（章鱼），"Bianca，theco-founderoftheproject，tellsWoman'sDay."ItmeanstheworldtomethatIcandosomethinginwhateversmallwaytomakethejourneyforthebabiesandparentsjustthatlittlebiteasier.Ibelieveifwecanhelpothers,nomatterhowsmallawayitis,thenweshould.”Theeight-leggedcreaturesarespeciallycreatedtocalmandcomfortearlynewborns.“Ininstanceswherethebabiescan'tbeheldforweeks,orevenmonths,thefamiliarityoftheparents'scent（气味）ontheoctopusescanhelpwiththebondingprocessbecausebabiesalreadyknowitasasafescentwhenparentscanfinallyholdthem,"Biancasays.ThevolunteerprojectbeganafteranursereachedouttoBiancatocreateaprototypeofoctopusshecouldtakeintohospitalforatrial.“Ittookmeagoodfourtofivemonthstoteachmyselfhowtowriteapatternandgetitapproved,"explainsBianca,whocreatesthehandmadehelpfuloctopusesfornocosttofamiliesinneed.“IstartedmakingthemasfastasIcould,butIwasn'tabletomaketheamounttheyneeded."SoonBiancametthegroup'sotherco-founderAndreaCareyandthepairstartedcreatingthecreaturesintogetherintheirsparetime.“Ihavealwaysenjoyedbeingcreativeandmyimaginationrunswildwithcolourcombinations,"saysBianca,herFacebookpageOctopusforaPreemieTasmaniaaccumulatingmorethan2000followers."Itmakesmyday!"4.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Topromoteoctopusestopreemies.B.Tocomfortthepreemies'parents.C.Toreachouttonursesforpreemies.D.Tobringasenseofsecurityforpreemies.5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“prototype”inparagraph4？A.Certificate.B.Model.C.Patent.D.Trademark.6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itishighlyprofitable.C.Itneedstobeimproved.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.7.WhatdoesBianca'sstoryimply?A.Goodisrewardedwithgood.B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Smalldeedsmakeadifference.D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.CLookupoverthewhitesandbeachesofMauritiusandyoumayseeahugesail.It'smuchlikethekindusedbykitesurfersbutthesizeofathree-bedroomapartment.Thesailisn'tatouristattraction—it'screatingelectricityforthisislandofftheeastcoastofAfrica.LaunchedinDecember2021bySkySailsPower,themassivewingistheworld'sfirstfullyautonomouscommercial“airbornewindenergy”system.Forthepasttwomonths,ithasbeendeliveringalittleunderitsgoalof100kilowatts—typicallyenoughtopowerupto50homes.Toharvestwindenergyfromtheheightswherewindblowsfastest,thekeymaybetoflyakite.Thesesystemscomeinacontainerandcanbedroppedoffwhereverthere'saroadordock(码头).Theycanalsobetiedtoafixedshipindeepwaters.Theirheightisadaptable,sotheycanbemovedupordowntowhereverthewindblowsthehardest,whichoftenchangeswiththeseasons.SkySailsactuallystartedbackin2001withadifferentpurpose:buildingsoftkitewingstopullmassiveshipsalongatsea.In2015SkySailsshiftedfocustoproducingelectricitywithSkySailsPower.SkySails’systemreliesonaroughly150squaremetrewingtorideonthewind.Therearenoturbines(涡轮机)upintheair,andthelineisn'tanelectricwire.Instead,theenergyisgeneratedontheground,fromthepullontheline.“Thebrakeonthewinch(绞车)isgeneratingtheelectricity,”saysFagiano,thechiefofficer.Softwarefliesthekiteautonomouslyinafigure-of-eightpatterntogetthestrongestpullpossibletoproduceenergy.Thesystemthenchangesthewing'sflightpatternsoitcanbepulledinwithminimalresistance,expendingalittleenergytowinditback.Thispatternrepeats,creatingfarmoreenergythanitconsumes.Thesailshavelessimpactontheskylinethantraditionalturbinesandarequietertoo,saysFagiano.Andtheymakeeconomicsenseforanyonecurrentlypayingmorethan$0.30perkilowatthourfromtraditionalgenerators.8.Whatisthemosteffectivewayforthesystemtogetenergy?A.Itisplacedashighaspossible.B.Itistiedtoashipinthedeepsea.C.Itisadjustedtothehardestwinds.D.Itisfixedonthewhitesandbeaches.9.WhatisSkySails’originalintentiontodevelopthesystem?A.Tobeattraditionalturbines.B.Topowerthehomesinneed.C.Topullthehugeshipsatsea.D.Tocompetewithothercompanies.10.Whatdoesparagraph5focuson?A.Whyturbinesareabandoned.B.HowtheSkySails'systemworks.C.Howsoftwarecontrolsthewing.D.Whythewingchangesitsflightpattern.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SkySails:PioneerinwindpowerB.SkySails:CompetitortotraditionalpowerC.Thekitesseekingtheworld'ssurestwindsD.ThekitesgeneratingthecheapestelectricityDTheAtlanticsalmon(鲑鱼)ofScotlandarehardyanddeterminedanimals.Eachspringandsummer,theyreturnfromtheNorthAtlanticOceantolayeggsinScotland'sshallowrivers,leapingupwaterfallsandoverbarriers,pushingthemselvesupstreaminenormousefforts.Somefail,andotherssucceed,buttodaytheyfaceyetanotherchallenge.Duringthemid-1980s,therewerebetweeneightandtenmillionsalmonswimmingaroundScotland'sAtlanticcoast;thatnumberhasnowdroppedsharply.There'sevidenceofreducingtheavailabilityofthesalmon'sprey(猎物)asclimatechangewarmsandacidifiesoceans.Newresearchsuggestsclimatechangeisalsobearingdownonrivers,whichisbadnewsforsalmon.Adaptedtolifeincoldwater,salmonexperienceslowgrowthandpopulationchangesathightemperatures.Heatinfluencestheirhealthandreducestheirresistancetodisease.“Nowsalmonarestrugglingtodealwiththerisingtemperatures.Therearerecentrecordsof27°CintheupperreachesoftheDeecatchment,”saysPeterCairns,directorofanenvironmentalcharity.In2018,Scotlandrecordedthelowestpolecatchforsalmonsincerecordsbegan.Evidencesuggeststhatthedegradedqualityofriverworsenstheimpactofourchangingclimate.“AtlanticsalmonevolvedusingriversystemsinScotlandthatwereoncewaymoreforestedandthereforeshaded.”YetScotlandistodayoneoftheleastwoodedcountriesinEurope,withjust3percentofitsnativewoodlandundamaged.Scientistshavefoundthatjust35percentofriversinScotlandhaveenoughtreecoverforsalmonsurvival.Amovementtogettreesbackonriverbanksisgatheringpace.“Broad-leaftreesclosetothebankcanreducethelightthatentersthewater,”explainsfisheriesscientistAnthonyHawkins.AnewinitiativecalledRiverwoods—ledbytheScottishWildlifeTrustandsupportedbyScottishWaterandseveralothergovernmentandregulatorybodies—aimstocreateanetworkofwoodlandsalongScotland'sriverbanks,andhasalreadyreceivedanumberoflargefunds.“Moneyisnotthepressingbusiness.Riverhealthiscomplex,buttreeplantingisoneofthemostbasicthingswecangetstartedwithrightaway,’”saysCairns.12.WhydoAtlanticsalmonmakegreatjourneysbacktotherivers?A.Theysearchforfoods.B.Theyreproducethemselves.C.Theriversarerelativelycool.D.Theseasareincreasinglywarm.13.Howdotherisingtemperaturesinriversaffectsalmon?A.Theygrowmorequickly.B.Theyaremoreheat-resistant.C.Theyarelessactiveinwater.D.Theyaremorelikelytogetdiseases.14.WhatisachallengeforsalmonwhentheyreturntoScotland'srivers?A.Thereisashortageoffood.B.Thereismuchfishcatching.C.Theecologyenvironmenthaschanged.D.Theriversystemsareunsuitablefortheforestgrowth.15.WhatdoesCairnsreallyintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Itisurgenttoplantriverbanktrees.B.Itistoohardtorestoretheriverhealth.C.Thereisenoughmoneyfortheproject.D.Therearetoomanyvitalthingstodealwith.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We'veallbeenthere―you'vesentamessageandit'smarked“read”,butyouhaven'theardanythingback.What'sthedeal?In2011,theword“rbomb”wasaddedtotheUrbanDictionary,meaning:notrespondingtoorignoringamessageafterreadingit,oftendeliberately.“Rbomb”iscommon,solearntobewise.__16__Hereareafewtips.Expectthebest.Remindyourselfthatthepersonisprobablyjustbusy.Askyourselfifyouactuallyknowtheirschedule.Therecouldbesometimecommitmentsyouaren'tawareof.__17__Theywanttogiveyoualongerresponsebutcan'trightnow.Theyputtheirphoneawaytofocusonworkorschool.Theyaccidentallyforgottoreply.Maybetheythoughtaboutwhattheywantedtosaybutdidn'tactuallytextit.Resistthetemptation(诱惑)todouble-text.__18__Ifyousendalotoffollow-uptexts,it’llbehardforthemtokeepupandtheymightgetstressed.Leavethemwithjustonetexttocatchupon—theotherpersonwillprobablyappreciateyourpatience.__19__Seeifthereareanyconfusingtextsthatyouneedtoclarify.It'sokayifyoureviewyourmessageagainandnoticethatitmighthavebeenalittleunclear—ithappens!Youmightfeelrelievedbecauseyoufoundsomethingthatwaseasytomisread.Putyourphoneaway.__20__Don'tletitupsetorconfuseyou.Ifyougetyourmindoffanynotifications,you'llbeabletobrainstormnewwaystospendyourtime.A.Readoveryourpreviousmessages.B.Fixyourattentioncloselyontextresponses.C.Keepitoutofsightandgetsomepeaceofmind.D.Theyfinishedwritingthetextbutfailedtosendit.E.Givethemalittlespacesotheyhaveachancetoreply.F.Thefollowingareafewotherreasonsforadelayedresponse.G.Youcankeepsocialmediafrombotheringyourthree-dimensionallife.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ipulledoverandoneoftheboysstandingbytheroadaskedforsomewater.Myheart__21__whenIheardthis.InWilcannia,whereInowworkedasaprimaryschoolteacherwithasix-monthcontract,therewasadrought.Quickly__22__mycar,Igaveabottletothechildrenbeforesayinggoodbye.Momentslikethisremindedmejusthow__23__I'dcomefrommyoldlifeasateacherhundredsofkilometersawayinSydney.InmyfirstlessonwithYearSixImadea__24__forourclass:Mistakesareexpected,respectedandcorrected.Wepostedthisonthewallinmyclassroomasa__25__tostudents.Ihopeditwouldgivestudents__26__tokeepmovingforward.We__27__sowellthatbytheendofmonth-one,I__28__mycontracttoafullyearintheruralorremoteplace!Areal__29__washelpingwiththetown'sannualkids'fashionparade(游行).ButCOVIDpandemic__30__amovetoonlinelearning.SoI__31__studentstofilmvideosofthemselvessingingFromLittleThingsBigThingsGrow.Thechildren'sperformancewonwildapplause.And__32__IwasawardedMusicTeacheroftheYear.Thissortof__33__wassuchanhonour!Now,threeyearslater,I'm__34__inWilcannia.PeoplealwaysaskmehowlongIplantostayhere,andthencomesmy__35__reply:“Anotheryear.”21.A.sankB.beatC.meltedD.raced22.A.checkingB.searchingC.mendingD.parking23.A.fastB.soonC.longD.far24.A.decisionB.mottoC.changeD.plan25.A.reminderB.symbolC.giftD.picture26.A.experienceB.capacityC.confidenceD.signal27.A.bondedB.behavedC.reactedD.operated28.A.restrictedB.maintainedC.draftedD.extended29.A.chanceB.highlightC.loveD.routine30.A.addedB.ledC.keptD.saw31.A.expectedB.employedC.guidedD.troubled32.A.graduallyB.subsequentlyC.frequentlyD.temporarily33.A.recognitionB.impressionC.expressionD.appointment34.A.alreadyB.againC.stillD.also35.A.timelyB.typicalC.correctD.heartfelt第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。NationalGeographicexplorerPaulSalopekhasjusthikedacrossErlangMountaininSouthwestChina'sSichuanprovince.Thisisjustastartofhis__36__(ambition)planoftrekking(跋涉)inChina.Asatrekkerwithglobalfootprints,Salopekiscommittedtoexperiencingdifferentculturesallovertheworldand__37__(record)thelivesofpeopleheencountersonhisjourney.China,alargecountrywithdiversenaturalandhumanlandscapes,__38__(be)animportantstoponSalopek'sglobaltrek.StartinginSeptember2021,SalopeksetofffromYunnanprovinceand__39__(plan)towalkthroughmanyregions.“Myrouteisnotalwaystofamoustouristlandmarks,”saystheexplorer,wholikestovisitgrassrootsareas__40__(find)reallife.“Itcouldbesomeone'sdinnertable,__41__thesightofanoldethnicBaiweavingathome."Becauseeverystepofthewayisnewtohim,Salopektriestokeepanopenmindabout__42__hecanseekmemorablethings.SalopekisalsowitnessingChina'sachievementsinthefieldsofecology,wildlifeconservation.“Ihikedacrossotherplaces__43__(empty)oftheirwildlifebyhumanbeings.TheGaoligongMountainsrepresentsachanceforcomfort,”Salopeksayswhilehikingacrossthemountains.Salopekisstillcurrently__44___theroad,walkingacrossChina,__45__journeyinChinaisbeingrecordedbyafilmcrewfora10-episodedocumentaryseriesentitledTheForeverWalk:China.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是校英语报ColourfulCampus新栏目“ReadClassicsLearnEnglish”的编辑李华，请给外教Caroline写封电子邮件向她约稿。内容包括：1.栏目介绍；2.稿件要求。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearCaroline,DearCaroline,Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasanearlywintermorning.Joanwassleepingsoundlywhenthephoneranginthelivingroom.Sherolledoverandglancedattheclockonthewall—itwasalreadynineo’clock.Everyweekendmorning,hermotherhadtoworkpart-timeinthecafe.AlthoughJoanwasstillsleepy,sheknewshehadtogetup.Afterall,shedidn'texpectherbrotherMike,whowassleepinglikealog,tohearthephone.Shequietlywentovertothelivingroom.Whenshepickedupthereceiver,ontheotherendcamethewarmheartedgreetings,“Goodmorning,myDear!”Recognizingthevoicefromherfather,Joanwasimmediatelysurroundedbyasenseofjoyandthesleepinesssweptaway.Joan'sfatherwasaseaman,whorarelycameback.Workingontheseawasreallyhard.Borninanot-richfamily,JoanandMikefeltthestressoflifebuttheywerehappytoenjoythefamilyatmosphere.Atschool,theywerestraight-Astudentsthroughouttheacademiccareerandactivelyinvolvedinschoolactivities.Theybecametheprideoftheschoolandtheenvyofthestudents.“Goodmorning,Dad,what'sup?”Joansaidinaneasytone.“Ihavebeenverynicerecently,mybaby.Todayisyourmother'sbirthday,andIhaveorderedheracakeonlineanditshouldcometothehouseinoneandhalfanhour.Doremembertotakethecake.”Hearingherfather'swords,Joanfeltalittleashamed.HowshecouldforgetMum'sbirthday!Shetookaglanceatthedirtyclothespiledonthesofaandtheoilyfloorthathadn'tbeenmopped(拖地)forafewdays—Therewastwohoursbeforehermothercameback.ShecalculatedtheyhadenoughtimetoprepareasurpriseforMum.Thinkingofthis,shefeltfullofexcitement.“Well,Dad,nowI'mgoingtowakeMikeup.WewillgiveMumasurprise!”JoanhungupthephonewithDad,andhurriedlywenttoMike'sroomtosharehimherBigCleaningplan.AfterlisteningtoJoan,Mikereadilyac