译林版（2024）七年级上册英语期中复习语法知识点学案

第第页PAGE译林版（2024）七年级上册英语期中复习语法知识点学案PartOne语法一、名词复习：1.复数：请说出哪些地方可以看出复数：2.名词所有格：‘s单数及不规则复数的名词所有格s’复数名词所有格Sth.beone’s.Sth.befrom/forsb.二、动词复习：时态复习：时态动词形式标志词注意点一般现在时肯定：be动词行为动词否定：be动词行为动词疑问：be动词行为动词说明下列主语是三单还是三复Jackwithhisparents flyingkitesapairofshoes365days/1000metres/100dollarseveryone oneofthestudents people/police thefamily/classeachstudenteachofthestudentsthestudentseachtheGreens2.动词固定搭配复习：很高兴做某事beglad/happytodo 乐意做某事bereadytodo想要做某事wanttodo=wouldliketodo 喜欢做某事like/love/enjoydoing怎么做某事howtodo 需要做某事needtodo对某人来说做某事是怎样的It’sadj.forsb.todo 是做某事的时间了It’stime(forsb.)todo做某事怎样howabout/whataboutdoing 谢谢你做某事thankyoufordoing练习做某事practisedoing 某人花费时间/钱做某事sb.spendtime/moneydoing擅长于做某事begoodatdoing=dowellindoing 让某人做某事letsb.do=makesb.do做某事有困难haveproblems/difficulty/troubledoing 叫某人做某事tellsb.todo 做某事玩得很开心havefun/enjoyoneself/haveagoodtimedoing学习做某事learntodo做某事是乐趣It’sfuntodo 去做某事godoing开始着手做某事gettodo 计划做某事plantodo我的梦想/职责是做某事mydream/dutyistodo 一个做某事的好地方agoodplacetodo/fordoing看见某人正在做……seesb.doing 看见某人做了某事的全过程或有频率seesb.Do帮助某人做某事helpsb.(to)do 教某人做某事teachsb.todo做某事的好方法agoodwaytodo 开始做某事starttodo=startdoing迫不及待做某事can’twaittodo 有时间做某事havetimetodo尽全力做某事tryone’sbesttodo3.祈使句的结构和形式：特点：省略主语you，动词用原形，表示命令或者建议。肯定：Openthedoor!Bequiet!否定：Don’topenthedoor!Don’tbesad.特殊形式：Nowdo….Jim,…….Please……总结：Todo:动词固定搭配Doing:1)动词作主语2)介词后面3)名词前livingroom4)动词固定搭配Do：1)动词固定搭配2)情态动词后用do3)祈使句用do4.动词分类：知识点：除了狭义的行为动词外，还有系动词，情态动词和助动词。系动词：除了be动词外，还有感官类：looksoundfeeltastesmell和变化类的:becometurnget系动词考点是加形容词be动词、助动词和情态动词主要在句型转换中考查，如果原句中本来就有情态动词和be动词，那还用情态动词和be动词，如果原句中没有，那么用助动词。三、代词：考点：(1)顺序：单数231复数123(2)易错短语：teachus(we)Englishbetweenyouandme(I)bothheandshe(she)Ithinkhe(he)isright.IhopeI(I)cangothere.四、介词1.时间介词：1)on用于：星期几和日期；具体某个早晨下午晚上：onthemorningofOctober16；有day的节日及短语。2)in用于：大时间；inthemorning/afternoon/evening；in+时间段3)at用于：钟点；没有day的节日；atnoon/nighton/attheweekendonweekdays2.不加介词的情况：时间：every前面，next和last前面，this前面，today，tomorrow前面注意：在那一天onthatday在这一天onthisday地点：home，here，there前面。但是myhome前面要加介词3.通过努力throughhardwork4.to表示“的”：thekeyto/theanswerto.../theticketto5.对……的爱：one’slovefor一个……的粉丝：afanof...6.inthisway用这种方法onthe/one’swayto在（某人）去某地的路上bytheway顺便说一下，顺便提一下inone’sway挡了某人的路7.begoodwithsth./sb.善用某物/善待某人8.和某人分享某物sharesth.withsb.9.一个……的大师amasterof10.帮助某人解决：helpsb.withsth.11.一张……的照片aphotoof12.关于……的书/调查/研究/演讲介词用on13.atripto...一场去……的旅行14.befamousfor...因……而出名befamousas作为……而出名15.hearfromsb.收到某人的来信16.参观某地haveatourof17.小组合作workingroups五、冠词：a和an的区别：a用在辅音音素开头的单词或字母，an用在元音音素开头的单词或字母ausefulbook anhour aone-eyegirlan“m”an“r”an“h” a“u”an“s”an“x”PartTwo词汇1.“四大看”readvt.看读物（readbooks/newspaper/magazines/amap等）lookvi.瞧常用短语lookat/for/around/after/out/over/upseevt.看见，强调结果Icanseeyouwatchvt.带有欣赏性的观看watchTV/afilm/afootballgame2.“五大穿着”puton强调“穿上”的动作eg.He____acoatandgoesforawalk.wear强调“穿着”的状态；进行时态表示暂时的情况eg.Sheiswearinganewskirtnow./wearglassesdress（1）dresssb.(2)dressoneself(3)dressupas(4)getdressedin(穿戴)后接颜色（或衣服），表示状态look！Lucyis_____aredskirtandapairofpinkshoes.on后接人指衣服穿在某人身上看出区别来。Theredcoatlooksniceonyou.3.“两大花费”spend：sb.（人）+spend+时间/金钱+onsth.sb.（人）+spend+时间/金钱+(in)doingsth.Doingsth.costs+sb.+时间take：ittakessb.+时间+todosth.4.“三大地点副词”home/there/here前不加任何的介词welcomehome/comehere/gothere5.“三大使役动词”makesb.dosth./havesb.dosth./letsb.dosth.6.见面打招呼用语(1)Nicetomeetyou.(2)Gladtomeetyou.(3)Howareyou?(4)Howareyoudoing?(5)Howisitgoing?(6)Howiseverythinggoing?(7)What’sup?7.基数词+year（s）+old表示“…岁”提问用“howold”名词性短语数词-year-old也表示年龄，但其为形容词性短语“前有冠词后有名（词）”Eg.Helenis11yearsold=Helenisan11-year-oldgirl.8.play+the+乐器类名词eg.Playthepianoplay+球类运动play+football/playcards/playchess9.all/both/each/every的用法all(1)三者或三者以上“全部、都”(2)all+the+名词（alltheafternoon=thewholeafternoon）(3)all放在行为动词前，名词前；be动词后(4)allof+宾格/名词复数Both(1)两者都(2)后可跟of+宾格/名词复数Bothsidesofthestreetaregrowntrees.Each指两个或两个以上“每一个”个体Eachsideofthestreetisgrowntrees.Every指许多人或事物的“全体”后接名词单数Everystudentishere.所有人都在。10.make的两种用法：(1)make+sb.+adj.eg.Makemehappy(2)makesb.+dosth.11.hope的用法(1)不及物动词hopetodosth.Ihopetohearfromyousoon.(2)后加that从句Ihopeyoucanfinishyourworksoon.注意：无hopesb.todosth.用法；只有wishsb.todosth.12.else与other的用法else放在不定代词、疑问代词后面如：whatelse/anyoneelseother放在名词前。other,theother,another;others;theothers的区别：other+不可数/复名(泛指)其他的Somepeoplegrowflowersandotherpeople(others)planttrees.another+单名(泛指)另一个Thisshirtistoobig.Canyoushowmeanotherone?theother+/或复名(特指)剩下的Ihave2pets.Oneisacatandtheotherisadog.Thereare20people.8peoplearewomenandtheotherpeoplearemen.13.one、it用法辨析One“同类不同一”只可代指可数名词单数Idon’tliketheyellowbike,showmearedone.Ones是one的复数；Wouldyoulikeatoy?Yes,I’dlikenewones=I’dlikenewtoys.It代指“同一物品”Ihaveacar.Itisred.14.两“借”lend与borrow的用法AlendBsth.=Alendsth.toB(A把东西借出去借给了B)eg.HelendhisbiketomeAborrowsth.fromB(A向B借了某物，A为借入)eg.Sheborrowedabookfromthelibrary.15.farawayfrom=befarfrom但两者前皆不可跟具体距离Myhomeisfar(away)frommysister’s.Awayfrom前可跟具体距离Myhomeistenmilesawayfromthepark.16.few/afew/little/alittle的区别little/alittle+不可数名词few/afew+可数名词Afew/alittle表示肯定（一点/一些）few/little表示否定（几乎没有）17.exercise 动词或名词“锻炼”不可数。exercise名词表示“练习、操”可数，复数形式18.toomuch/toomany/muchtoo/very的用法区别toomuch+不可数名词或者做副词性短语放在动词后面toomany+可数名词muchtoo+形容词表示“太….”Very+副词/形容词19.need的用法(1)行为动词，意为“需要”needsth.Doyouneedacupofcoffee?needtodosth.Sheneedstofindagoodjob.(2)情态动词，意为“需要，必须”needdosth./needn’tdosth.Youneedn’tdothehouseworkeveryday.(3)名词，意为“需要，需求”Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。Theflowersareinneedofwater.20.四个说：say:+说话内容；saytosb.speak:+语言；或者不加宾语，表示演讲tell:告诉+人；讲述+故事talk:talkwith/tosb.talkabout/ofsth.21.howoften提问，回答(1)次数+时间段：twiceaweek;(2)频率副词；(3)everyHowmanytimes几次，回答次数22.加入俱乐部：join参加活动比赛：takepartin23.以ing结尾的形容词(interesting,amazing,exciting,tiring)形容物，表示令人……的（有时也可以形容人，表示令人……的人）以ed结尾的形容词(interested,amazed,excited,tired)形容人的心情，表示感到……的（注意anexcitedlook/face/feeling/smile/voice）24.takeplace：发生，进行活动/比赛takeplace+地点25.hundred,thousand:(1)有数字无s:twothousand/afewthousandtrees(2)没有数字要s:thousandsoftrees26.leavefor...动身前往某地PartThree句型1.某人叫……：sbbeXX=sb’snameisXX.=Sb.goby2.某人头发长：sb’shairislong.=sb.haslonghair.(一头长发不加a)3.擅长于：begoodat=dowellin不擅长：benotgoodat=doesn’t/don’tdowellin擅长吗？：Be...goodat...?=Do/Doesdowellin...?4.某人XX岁：sb.beXXyearsold.=sb.beaXX-year-oldboy/girl/man/woman.=sb’sageisXX.5.走路去某地：walktosp=gotosponfoot骑车去某地：ridetosp=goonspbybike=gotosponthe/one’sbike坐公交车去某地：takea/thebustosp=gotosp.bybus=gotosp.ona/thebus开车去某地：drivetosp=gotosp.bycar=gotosp.ina/thecar坐飞机去某地：flytosp=goonspbyplane=gotospona/theplane6.最喜欢……：one’sfavouritesthbe=sb.like...bestIlikeEnglishbest.=MyfavouritesubjectisEnglish.Whatsubjectdoyoulikebest?=Whatisyourfavouritesubject?7.……的成员：beamemberof=bein8.问日期：What’sthedate?=Whatdateisit?9.也：also置于be动词情态动词后，行为动词前；too和aswell置于句末10.谢谢你的帮助。Thankyouforyourhelp.=Thankyouforhelpingme.11.是做某事的时间了：It’stimetodo=It’stimefor...注意：It’stimeforsb.todo12.去散步：gowalking=goforawalk=takeawalk去慢跑：gojogging=goforajog=takeajog13.对……感兴趣：beinterestedin=have/showinterestin14.某人长什么样？Whatdoessb.looklike?=Howdoessb.look?长相和性格：Whatbesb.like