高考总复习英语（北师大版）习题Unit10　Money（必修四）课时作业

课时作业(十)A卷·基础强化练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Heisadeterminedpersonandoncehedeterminestodosomething，hewillneverchange.(determine)2．Wegrowavariety(various)ofcrops，includingcabbages，wheatandpotatoes.3．Itisuniversallybelievedthatonlyreformcanservetoraisetheproduction(product)level.4．Outdooramusements(amuse)willrelaxyouafterawholedayintheoffice.5．Shecouldn’trestrainherannoyance(annoy)attheattitudeoftheapplicant.6．Mostscientistsagreethatputerscannotpletelytaketheplaceofhuman.7．(2015·福建卷)Thefailurewasabigblowtohim，buthewasn’tdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiastic(enthusiasm)asever.8．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Trustisalearnedbehavior(behave)thatwegainfrompastexperiences.9．(2015·福建卷)Don’tletnegativityruinyourmotivation(motivate)．10．(2015·北京卷)Inthelastfewyears，Chinahasmadegreatachievements(achieve)inenvironmentalprotection.11．Sheisashamed(shame)ofherbadbehaviourtowardsyou.12．Healthawarenesshasincreasedoverthepastdecade.Asaresult，smokersareawareofthedangerstotheirownhealth.(aware)13．Practical(practice)experienceisoftenveryimportantandpracticeisthedirectwaytogetexperience.14．Thepuzzlehaspuzzledsomanypuzzledstudentsintheuniversity，whichisreallypuzzling.(puzzle)15．Yourexistence(exist)seemstohavemeaning，forsomeoneneedsyouandlovesyou.16．It’sreportedthatteenagerswhodropoutofhighschoolhavetroublefindingjobs.Soweshouldstudyhard.Ⅱ.单句改错1．You’dbetterbooktheticketinadvanceahead.去掉ahead2．—Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?—Either，thankyou.I’vejusthadsomewater.Either→Neither3．Theheavilypollutedrivernearthechemicalfactorygivesawayaterriblesmell.away→off4．Whenpleting，themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyearpleting→pleted5．Theprofessorgaveorderthatthetestfinishedbefore7：30.finished前加be6．Wecanuseplasticsintheplaceofwoodormetal.去掉the7．Thecoatisrealbargainatsuchalowprice.real前加a8．Heaskedseveralquestionsconcernedthefutureofthepany.concerned→concerning9．Hereadthee－mailhiswifepostedtohimwithapuzzlingexpressiononhisface.puzzling→puzzled10．LiNacanspeaktheEnglishlanguagefluent.fluent→fluentlyⅢ.完成句子1．Ifpossible(如果可能的话)，I’lldropbyyouonmywayhome.2．MyEnglishisnobetterthanyours(和你一样不好)．3．ThenewsthattheChinawomen’snationalvolleyballteamwon(中国女排获胜)intheRioOlympicGamesspreadallovertheworldquickly.4．Thestoryisconcernedwith(与……相关)aRussianfamilyinthe19thcentury.5．AsfarasI’maware(据我所知)，therehasn’tbeenanyrealdiscussionofthat.6．Putonmoreclothes.Ifnot(如果不这样的话)，youwillcatchacold.7．Howe(怎么会)Ioweyouonehundredyuan?Ⅳ.阅读理解A话题难度系数词数建议用时个人情况☆☆2635′(2018·三门峡模拟)Dictionariesarenotclosedbooks.Thereisstillplentyofroomformorewordsinthesegreatvocabularyauthorities.Dictionariesarenotclosedbooks.Thereisstillplentyofroomformorewordsinthesegreatvocabularyauthorities.Newwordsarecontinuallybeingcreatedandaddedtoourlanguage.Andmanyoftoday’swordexpertscancreditafamousmathematicianwiththecreationofthemethodbywhichtheydevelopmanynewwords.ThemathematicianwasanEnglishmannamedCharlesL．Dodgson.Inadditiontoworkingwithfigures，Dodgsonwrotebooks.HisimaginativestoriesandpoemshavemadeDodgsonbelovedtogenerationsofreaders.Weknowhim，however，notbythenameofDodgsonbutbyhispenname，LewisCarroll.LewisCarrollhasdelightedcountlessreaders，youngandold，withAliceinWonderland，ThroughtheLookingGlass，andnumerouspoems.Intheseworks，Carrolldevelopeddozensofnonsensicalwordssuchas“chortle”and“galumph”．ManyofthesewordsarebinednaturallywithmoremonwordsintheEnglishlanguage.Carrollreferredtohismade－upwordsas“portmanteau”words，namedafterakindofleathersuitcasethatopensintotwopartments.Thenamewaswellsuited，becausemostofCarroll’swordshadtwopartments.Ratherthanbeingentirelyfabricated(虚构)，theywereusuallymadefromthebinedpartsoftwodifferentwords.A“snark”，forexample，clearlycamefromasnakeandashark.AlthoughCarrolldiedlongago，histechniquecontinuestobeusedtoday.Weclearlyseehisinfluenceinsuchwordsassmog，brunch，andguesstimate.[语篇解读]本文为介绍说明文。文章主要介绍了CharlesL．Dodgson是如何创造新词的。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceprobablymeanaccordingtothepassage?A．Dictionariesareopentothepublic.B．Dictionariesarehelpfultothepublic.C．Dictionariesarereadytowelenewwords.D．Thevocabulariesindictionariesarelimited.解析：选C句意理解题。根据下文的Thereisstillplentyofroomformorewordsinthesegreatvocabularyauthorities.可推知，词典并不是封闭的书，仍然可以添加新的词汇。故选C。2．Dodgson’smade－upwords________.A．arebasedondifferentwordsB．areborrowedfromotherlanguagesC．allefromhispoemsD．arestillwidelyused解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的Ratherthanbeingentirelyfabricated(虚构)，theywereusuallymadefromthebinedpartsoftwodifferentwords.A“snark”，forexample，clearlycamefromasnakeandashark.可知，Dodgson创造的词是以不同的词为基础的，而不是凭空想象出来的。故选A。3．Thispassageismainlyabout________.A．howDodgsonwrotehisworksB．howEnglishwordsarecreatedC．howadictionaryiswrittenD．howDodgsoncreatednewwords解析：选D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了CharlesL．Dodgson是如何创造新词的。故选D。B话题难度系数词数建议用时科普知识☆☆☆3538′Manypeoplebelievethatteachingchildrenmusicmakesthemsmarter.Buttheresearchersofanewstudysaythere’snoscientificevidencethatearlymusicaltrainingaffectstheintelligenceofyoungpeople.Anestimated80percentofAmericanadultsthinkmusiclessonsimprovechildren’sabilitytolearnortheirperformanceinschool.Theysaythatthesatisfactionforlearningtoplayanewsonghelpsachildexpresscreativity.ResearchersatHarvardUniversity，however，havefoundthatthere’sonethingmusicaltrainingdoesnotdo.Theysayitdoesnotmakechildrenmoreintelligent.SamuelMehrisagraduatestudentatHarvard’sSchoolofEducation.Hesaysitiswrongtothinkthatlearningtoplayamusicalinstrumentimprovesachild’sintellectualdevelopment.Hesaystheevidenceesfromstudiesthatmeasuredthementalabilityoftwogroupsof4－year－oldsandtheirparents.Onegroupattendedmusicclass，whiletheotherwenttoaclassthatplacesimportanceonthevisualarts—artsthatcanbeseen.SamuelMehrsaysresearchershavecarriedoutmanystudiestolearnwhethermusicaltrainingcanmakechildrensmarter.HesaystheresultshavebeenmixedandonlyonestudyseemstoshowasmallpercentageincreaseinIQamongstudentsafteroneyearofmusiclessons.HedoesnotbelievethatIQisagoodmeasureofachild’sintelligence.Hesaysresearchersinhisstudyanalyzedhowwellchildreninthemusicaltraininggroupdidonmentalprocessingtasks，thentheresultswereparedtothosechildrenwhodidnottakemusiclessons.Therewasnoevidencethatthemusicaltraininggroupdidmuchbetteronthementaltasksthantheothergroup.Mr.Mehrsaysmusiclessonsmaynotofferchildrenafasteasywaytogainentrytothebestschoolslaterintheirlife，butthetrainingisstillimportantforculturalreasons.Inhiswords，“weteachmusicbecausemusicisimportantforus.”[语篇解读]许多人都认为教孩子们音乐会开发他们的智力，使他们变得更加聪明，但新的研究发现事实并非如此。4．WhatdomostAmericanadultsthinkofteachingchildrenmusic?A．Beneficial. B．Creative.C．Interesting. D．Unnecessary.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第二段可知，约百分之八十的美国成年人认为音乐训练会提高孩子们的学习能力，改善他们在学校的表现。由此可推知，他们认为教孩子们音乐是有益的。5．AccordingtoSamuelMehr，musicaltraining______.A．improveschildren’sintelligenceB．improveschildren’sabilitytolearnC．makeschildren’sperformancebetterD．doesnotmakechildrensmarter解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第四句和倒数第二段最后一句可知，SamuelMehr认为音乐训练并不能让孩子们更加聪明。6．FromParagraph4，weknow________.A．manystudiesshowedmusicaltrainingcouldmakechildrensmarterB．SamuelMehrbelievesIQisagoodmeasureofachild’sintelligenceC．themusicaltraininggroupdidmuchbetterthantheothergroupD．studiesdidn’tprovethatmusicaltrainingcouldmakechildrensmarter解析：选D推理判断题。根据第四段可知，研究人员已经做了许多研究，但是没有研究能够证明音乐训练能让孩子们变得更加聪明，故选D项。7．WhyaremusiclessonsofferedinschoolaccordingtoSamuelMehr?A．Becausetheyareimportantforstudents.B．Becausetheymakestudentscleverer.C．Becausetheyarerequiredtolearn.D．Becausetheyimprovecreativity.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，SamuelMehr认为学校开音乐课主要是因为音乐课很重要。8．Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyouprobablyreadthetext?A．Entertainment. B．Politics.C．Education. D．Sports.解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要论述了音乐训练并不一定能使孩子们更加聪明，但为他们提供音乐教育确实很重要，因而本文最有可能出现在报纸的“教育”板块中。B卷·能力提升练Ⅰ.阅读填句话题难度系数词数建议用时科普知识☆☆☆23310′HowMusicAffectsTeensMusicissomethingthateverypersonhashisorherownspecificopinionabout.__1__.Andvarioustypesofmusichavemanywaysofaffectingsomeone.Itcanberelaxing，angering，andmanymore.__2__Rap，pop，rock，countryaresomeoftheabundanttypesintheworld.Musicsendsouteithergoodorbadmessagesthathavebigeffectsonhowpeopleact.Peopleusuallybeefriendswithotherswhohavethesametasteinmusic.RapandRockmusicaretwoveryimportanttypesofmusicintheworld.__3__Thelyricssungorrappedbytheartistscanbethingsgoingonintheirownpersonallives.Musiccanalsoserveasacatalystfornewideas.Whenpeoplelistentothenewthings，theylearndifferentthingsgoingonintheworld.__4__Peoplecanusemusictoexpressthemselves，inwaysitcan’tbeexpressedthroughbehavior，orart.__5__It’satoolusedbymany.Groupsofpeoplearoundtheworldcanetogetherandgatheratconcertstoshowwhattheirinterestsandlikingsare.Icanpersonallyrelatetotheeffectsthatmusichasonitslistenersandusersbecauseit’sabigpartofmylife.ThemusicIlistentomakesmewhoIam.A．Differentpeoplehavedifferenttastes.B．Therearesomanytypesofmusicouttheretoday.C．Theybothsendoutdifferentmessages.D．Peoplemaynotwanttoassociatewithpeoplewhohavedifferenttastesinmusic.E．Lotsofpeopleetotheconclusionthatrapmusichasabigeffectontheworld.F．Andtheybeemoreopen－mindedbecausethey’reexposedtodifferentpeopleliketheartists.G．Youcanusuallytellhowsomeone’sfeelingbythemusicheorsheislisteningtoatthetime.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同的音乐对于青少年的影响。1．解析：选A该句考查上下文的衔接。故根据上下文中的“everypersonhashisorherownspecificopinionabout.”和“Andvarioustypesofmusichavemanywaysofaffectingsomeone.”可知，不同的人对音乐有不同的品味。故选A项。2．解析：选B考查段首句。故根据下文的“Rap，pop，rock，countryaresomeoftheabundanttypesintheworld.”可知，此处所谈论的是不同的音乐类型。故选B项。3．解析：选C考查上下文的衔接。根据上下文中的“RapandRockmusic”和“Thelyricssungorrappedbytheartists...”可知，此处应描述谈论到的两种音乐，故选C项。干扰项为E项，因为提及了“rapmusic”，但是只提及了一种音乐，故排除。4．解析：选F根据上文的“Musiccanalsoserveasacatalystfornewideas.”可知，该题应选F项。因为只有该项与“newideas”有关。5．解析：选G根据上文的“Peoplecanusemusictoexpressthemselves...”以及G项中的“...tellhowsomeone’sfeelingbythemusic...”可知，该题选G项。Ⅱ.完形填空话题难度系数词数建议用时个人情况☆☆☆35318′(2018·郑州模拟)ThejourneymydaughterCathyhashadwithherswimmingisaslongasitisbeautiful.Cathysufferedsometerrible__1__inherearlychildhood.Afteryearsofregulartreatment，she__2__becamehealthy.Twoyearsago，whileCathywaswatchingtheOlympics，adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.Lastsummer，shewantedto__3__ourlocalswimteam.Shepracticedhardandfinally__4__it.Theteampractice，__5__，wasaroughstart.Shecoughedandchokedandcouldhardly__6__herfirstfewweeks.Hearinghercoughingbitterlyonenight，Idecidedto__7__herfromitall.ButCathywokemeupearlynextmorning，wearingherswimsuit__8__togo！Itoldhersheshouldn’tswimafterawholenight’scoughing，butsherefusedto__9__andinsistedshego.Fromthatdayon，Cathykeptswimminganddidn’t__10__asinglepractice.Shehada__11__intentionwithinherselftobethebestshecouldbe.Myten－year－oldwasgrowingandchangingrightbeforemyeyes，intothis__12__humanbeingwithapassionandamission.Thereweremomentsof__13__ofcourse：oftenshewouldbethelastswimmerintherace.ItwasdifficultforCathytoacceptthatshewasn’ta__14__ever.Butthatdidn’tstopherfromtrying.Thencamethefinalawardsceremonyattheendoftheyear.Cathydidn’texpectanyawardbutwasstillthereto__15__herfriendsandpraisetheiracplishments.Astheceremonywasnearingtheend，Isuddenlyheardtheheadcoach__16__，“ThehighesthonorgoestoCathy！”Lookingaround，hecontinued，“Cathyhasinspireduswithher__17__andenthusiasm.__18__skillsandtalentsbringgreatsuccess，themostvaluableasset(财富)onecanholdistheheart.”Itwasthegreatest__19__ofmydaughter’slife.Withallshehadbeen__20__inhertenyears，thiswasthehouroftruetriumph(成功)．[语篇解读]小时候身患重病，经过多年的治疗后最终康复的作者的女儿下决心成为一名游泳健将，艰苦的训练和不尽如人意的成绩并没有使她退缩，最终她的意志力以及热情使她获得了最高的荣誉。1．A.failure B．pressureC．loss D．illness解析：选D根据下句话“Afteryearsofregulartreatment，she__2__becamehealthy”可知，Cathy小时候身患重病(illness)。2．A.usually B．finallyC．firstly D．frequently解析：选B根据前半句“Afteryearsofregulartreatment”可推知，Cathy最终(finally)康复了。3．A.improve B．trainC．join D．contact解析：选C根据空后的“ourlocalswimteam”可知，此处表示她想加入我们当地的游泳队，故应用join表示“加入”。4．A.increased B．foundC．created D．made解析：选D根据下文的内容可知，此处指女儿最终成功地加入了游泳队。makeit表示“获得成功”，为固定用法。5．A.however B．thereforeC．otherwise D．instead解析：选A前句讲到作者的女儿最终成功加入了游泳队，后文则提及游泳练习很艰苦，前后句之间为转折关系，故应用however“然而”。therefore“因此”；otherwise“否则”；instead“代替”。6．A.use B．surviveC．save D．waste解析：选B根据上文可知，此处指作者的女儿在刚加入游泳队的前几周里几乎不能挺过来(survive)。7．A.pull B．tellC．hide D．fire解析：选A根据上下文的语境可知，此处指听到女儿咳嗽得厉害，作者决定把女儿从游泳队里拉(pull)出来，即作者不想让女儿继续参加游泳队的训练了。8．A.afraid B．nervousC．ready D．free解析：选C根据上文的“wearingherswimsuit”可知，作者的女儿穿着泳装做好去游泳的准备了。(be)readytodosth.“准备好做某事”。9．A.takeoff B．setoffC．giveup D．showup解析：选C根据上文的“Itoldher...butsherefusedto”和下文的“andinsistedshego”可知，此处应用giveup，表示作者的女儿拒绝放弃游泳。10．A.attend B．missC．ban D．start解析：选B根据上文的“keptswimming”可知，此处指作者的女儿没有错过(miss)一次训练。attend“参加”；ban“禁止”；start“开始”。11．A.rich B．weakC．firm D．kind解析：选C根据上文的内容可知，此处指作者的女儿内心有一个成为最好的自己的坚定的(firm)目标。rich“丰富的”；weak“虚弱的”；kind“善良的”。12．A.trusted B．determinedC．experienced D．embarrassed解析：选B根据上文，尤其是第四段的首句可知，作者的女儿的意志力很坚定。determined“意志坚定的”符合语境。trusted“受信任的”；experienced“有经验的”；embarrassed“窘迫的”。13．A.frustration B．delightC．excitement D．surprise解析：选A由下文的“oftenshewouldbethelastswimmerintherace”可推知，作者的女儿的游泳之路不是一帆风顺的，经常会有沮丧(frustration)的时刻。14．A.beginner B．learnerC．partner D．winner解析：选D根据上文可知，此处指作者的女儿虽然经常是最后一名，但要她接受自己不曾成为获胜者(winner)是很困难的。15．A.cheeron B．petewithC．respondto D．runafter解析：选A根据下文的“praisetheiracplishments”可知，此处指在决赛颁奖仪式上，虽然作者的女儿不指望自己获得任何奖项，但她仍然待在那儿为朋友们加油(cheeron)。petewith“和某人竞争”；respondto“对……作出回应”；runafter“追赶”。16．A.admitting B．explainingC．announcing D．whispering解析：选C根据语境可知，主教练是在宣布获奖名单，故应选announce“宣布，宣告”。17．A.humor B．willC．honesty D．wisdom解析：选B本篇文章以Cathy的决心和毅力为主线引领全文，故应用will“意志力”，指Cathy用她的意志力和热情激励着我们。18．A.Although B．SinceC．Once D．Because解析：选A尽管技巧和天赋能带来巨大的成功，然而一个人拥有的最有价值的财富是内心。本句前后两部分为让步关系，故应填Although。19．A.discovery B．choiceC．influence D．moment解析：选D此处指这是作者女儿生命中最重要的时刻，故应用moment。下文中的“thehour”也是提示。20．A.through B．underC．across D．around解析：选A十年来她所经历的一切中，这是她真正成功的时刻。through“经过(全部的过程或经历)”，符合语境。Ⅲ.语法填空Greenisnotalwaysreferringtothecolor.Insomecases，itisthetermusedforenvironmentally1.________(friend)．Ifyou’vebeenexpectingtoreplaceyourfurniture，consider2.________(go)greenbecausegreenfurnitureoffersmanybenefits.Hereareafewtipstogetyoustartedonyourhuntfortheperfecteco－friendlyfurniture.First，greenfurnitureisn’tharmful3.________yourhealth.Alsoitsmakingprocessdoesn’tcausedamagetotheenvironmentinanyway.Besides，byusingeco－friendly4.________(product)，youpreventglobalwarmingtosomedegreeinyourownway.Thematerials5.________areusedinfurniturearewhatmakethemgreen.Materialscanbegoodfortheenvironment6.________becausetheyarerenewableresourcesortheyareall7.________(nature)．Alackofchemicalsinfurniturealso8.________(mean)itisabetterchoicefortheenvironment.Itmaybehardtoimaginethatasofaoratablecouldactuallybe9.________greenproduct，buttheyreallycanbedependingonwhatthey10.________(make)of.Therefore，whenyouwanttohuntfortheperfectgreenfurniture，youshouldchoosethegreenmaterials.[语篇解读]本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了环保型家具的相关知识。1．解析：friendly考查词性转化。空前副词修饰副词或形容词，此处意为“环境友好型”，应使用friend的形容词“友好的”。故填friendly。2．解析：going考查固定短语。considerdoingsth.“考虑做某事”。故填going。3．解析：tobeharmfulto“对……有坏处”，to为介词。故填to。4．解析：productsbyusingeco－friendly“通过使用环保型的产品”，可知应该使用product“产品”的复数形式。故填products。5．解析：that/which根据后文的arewhatmakethemgreen可知，主句已有谓语动词，此处应为定语从句，先行词为thematerials，连词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词。故填that/which。6．解析：either句意：原材料对于环境也有益处。根据上下文关联可知，此处应使用副词either“也”。故填either。7．解析：natural句意：因为它们是可再生资源或者它们都是天然的。根据句意可知，此处应使用形容词“自然的，天然的”。故填natural。8．解析：means此处主语为alackof“一种……的缺失”，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填means。9．解析：a根据后文的greenproduct，可知产品为单数，意为“一种环保产品”。故填a。10．解析：aremade句意：很难想象沙发或桌子实际上是绿色产品，但它们确实取决于它们是由什么制造的。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动语态，bemadeof“由……制造的”。故填aremade。Ⅳ.短文改错文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Oneday，IwaswalkingintheparkwhileIcaughtsightofawalletonabench.Clearly，someonehasleftittherebyaccident.Ipickedthemupandcheckedthecontents.Insideit，Ifoundsomemoneyandacardwithaphonenumber.Believingthattheownerwouldbeworried，Iimmediatetriedthenumber.Amanansweredforitinananxiousvoice.HeardthatIhadhiswallet，hesighedonreliefandtoldmehewouldreturnrightaway.Tenminuteslate，themanarrived.Afterconfirminghewasowner，Ihandedthewalletbacktohim.Withhisthumbdown，heexpress