新概念英语第三册Lesson+36+A+chance+in+a+million课堂笔记讲义

Lesson36Achanceinamillion百万分之一的机遇、Wearelesscredulousthanweusedtobe.Inthenineteenthcentury,anovelistwouldbringhisstorytoaconclusionbypresentinghisreaderswithaseriesofcoincidences--mostofthemwildlyimprobable.我们不再像以往那样轻易相信别人了。在19世纪，小说家常在小说结尾处给读者准备一系列的巧合——大部分是牵强附会，极不可能的。usedtodo过去常常做某事credulous(adj.)容易轻信的，易受骗的credit(n.)信用（creditcard信用卡）less+（adj.原级）（消级比较）比…不容易受骗theleast+(adj.原级)最不容易受骗incredulous(adj.)不容易轻信的（贬义）unbelievable(adj.)难以置信的（褒义）aseriesof一系列的coincidence(n.)巧合(co-一起，incident事件，incidence发生率)eg.Whatacoincidence!真巧啊！Bycoincidence，…巧合的是…Byastrangecoincidence,…出奇的巧合…present(n.)礼物(v.)赠送presentsb.withsth.=presentsth.tosb.gift(n.)礼物——give(v.)送givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.2、Readershappilyacceptedthefact（thatanobscuremaidservantwasreallythehero'smother.同位语从句）当时的读者却愉快地接受这样一些事实，一个低贱的女佣实际上是主人公的母亲。obscure(adj.)不易看清的eg.Becauseoftheheavyfog,theviewwasobscure.不易理解的，难懂的eg.obscurelegalphrases难懂的法律条文不出名的，默默无闻的，名不见经传的eg.anobscurepoem一首不出名的诗maidservant(v.)女仆hero(n.)英雄——heroine(n.)女英雄3、Along-lostbrother,（whowaspresumeddead,定语从句）wasreallyaliveallthetimeandwickedlyplottingtobringaboutthehero'sdownfall.主人公一位长期失散的兄弟，大家都以为死了，实际上一直活着，并且正在策划暗算主人公。presume(v.)自认为（主观）think(v.)认为（中性）eg.Ithinkso.=Ipresumeso.bepresumedinnocent被认定、被假定eg.在英国法律中，一个人在被证明有罪之前，都是被认定为清白的。InEnglishlaw,apersonwaspresumedinnocentuntilheprovedguilty.plot(v./n.)密谋做某事plotwithsb.againststh.伙同某人密谋做某事falldown摔倒downfall倒台，声败名裂4、Andsoon.Modernreaderswouldfindsuchnaivesolutiontotallyunacceptable.Yet,inreallife,circumstancesdosometimesconspiretobringaboutcoincidences（whichanyonebutanineteenthcenturynovelistwouldfindincredible.定语从句）如此等等，现代读者会觉得这种天真的结局完全无法接受。不过，在现实生活中，有时确实会出现一些巧合，这些巧合除了19世纪小说家外谁也不会相信。conspire(v.)（事情）同时发生（贬）（do起强调作用）conspiretodosth.eg.下雨和堵车同时发生，导致我迟到了。Therainandthetrafficjamconspiredtobringaboutmylatearrival.soon等等=etc.=soforthnaive(adj.)天真的，幼稚的eg.naiveperson/remark幼稚的人/言论Itisnaivetopresumethat…eg.认为所有的粉丝都很脑残是幼稚的想法。Itisnaivetopresumethatallthefansarebrain-impaired.5、（WhenIwasaboy,时间状语从句）mygrandfathertoldme（howaGermantaxidriver,FranzBussman,foundabrother[whowasthoughttohavebeenkilledtwentyyearsbefore.宾语从句）定语从句]当我是个孩子的时候，我祖父给我讲了一位德国出租汽车司机弗朗兹。巴斯曼如何找到了据说已在20年前死去的兄弟的事。重点语法：Itissaidthatsheworks16hoursaday.据说Itisexpectedthatthemeetingwillendsoon.据期待Itisbelievedthattheboyiswearingacoat.据认为Itisreportedthathekickedapoliceman.据报道（thought,considered,known,understood…）改：Sheissaidtowork16hoursaday.Themeetingisexpectedtoendsoon.Theboyisbelievedtobeingwearacoat.Heisreportedtohavekickedapoliceman.表之后：todo;表同时：tobedoing;表之前：tohavedone6、（Whileonawalkingtourwithhiswife,时间状语从句）hestoppedtotalktoaworkman.Aftertheyhadgoneon,Mrs.Bussmancommentedontheworkman'scloseresemblancetoherhusbandandevensuggested(thathemightbehisbrother.宾语从句)一次，他与妻子徒步旅行。途中，停下来与一个工人交谈，接着他们继续往前走去。巴斯曼夫人说那工人与她丈夫相貌很像，甚至猜测他可能就是她丈夫的兄弟。goon继续走（实意动词+on:继续做某事）commenton对…发表评论resemblance(n.)相像resemble(vt.)相像=looklikeeg.她和她弟弟长得很像。Sheresemblesherbrotherinlooks.=Shelookslikeherbrother.7、Franzpouredscornontheidea,pointingout(thathisbrotherhadbeenkilledinactionduringthewar.宾语从句)（ThoughMrs.Bussmanwasfullyacquaintedwiththisstory让步状语从句），shethought（thattherewasachanceinamillion[thatshemightberight.]宾语从句/定语从句）弗朗兹对此不屑一顾，指出他兄弟已经在战争中阵亡了。尽管巴斯曼夫人熟知这个情况，但她仍然认为自己的想法仍有百万分之一的可能性。scorn(v./n.)鄙视pourscornonsb.sth.对…鄙视eg.我鄙视那些幼稚又容易受骗的人。Ipourscornonthepersonswhoarenaiveandcredulous.你为什么总是瞧不起我的建议？Whydoyoualwayspourscornonmysuggestions?beacquaintedwith对…熟悉=befamiliarwithacquaintance（n.）熟人achanceinamillion万分之一的机遇agoldenchance宝贵的机会8、Afewdayslater,shesentaboytotheworkmantoaskhim（ifhisnamewasHansBussman.宾语从句）Needlesstosay,theman'snamewasHansBussmanandhereallywasFranz'slong-lostbrother.（Whenthebrotherswerereunited,时间状语从句）Hansexplained（howitwasthathewasstillalive.宾语从句）几天后，她派了一个男孩去问那人是否叫汉斯.巴斯曼。不出巴斯曼夫人所料，那人的名字真是汉斯.巴斯曼，他确实是弗朗兹失散多年的兄弟。兄弟俩团聚之时，汉斯说明了他活下来的经过。sendsth.送某物，寄某物sendsb.todosth.打发某人去做某事needlesstosay勿庸置疑，无需多说9、Afterhavingbeenwoundedtowardstheendofthewar,hehadbeensenttohospitalandwasseparatedfromhisunit.ThehospitalhadbeenbombedandHanshadmadehiswaybackintoWesternGermanyonfoot.Meanwhile,hisunitwaslostandallrecordsofhimhadbeendestroyed.战争即将结束时，他负伤被送进医院，并与部队失去联系。医院遭到轰炸，汉斯步行回到了西德。与此同时，他所在部队被击溃，他的所有档案材料全部毁于战火。eg.While/whenIwasreadingthebook,Ifoundamistakeonthefrontpage.改：While/whenreadingthebook,…eg.AfterJoefinishedbreakfast,sheleftthehouse.改：Afterfinishingbreakfast,…eg.AfterJoehadfinishedbreakfast,sheleftthehouse.改：Afterhavingfinishedbreakfast,…meanwhile同时=inthemeantime=atthesametime10、Hansreturnedtohisfamilyhome,butthehousehadbeenbombedandnooneintheneighbourhoodknew（whathadbecomeoftheinhabitants.宾语从句）Assumingthathisfamilyhadbeenkilledduringanairraid,Hanssettleddowninavillagefift