高中英语人教版选修7Unit3UndertheSeaperiod2教案2

Unit3UndertheSeaTheuseofVingVing作动名词时具有名词的特征,因而在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语,有时它可以有自己的逻辑主语,也可以有时态和语态形式。一、Ving形式的名词特征Ving形式否定形式为notdoing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。Layingeggsistheantqueen’sfulltimejob.主语Herjobisteaching.表语Heisfondofplayingfootball.宾语developingcountries定语workingpeople定语二、Ving形式作主语1．Ving形式作主语表示抽象的经常性的意义。Readingaloudisveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.大声朗读对我们学习一门外语是很重要的。Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisconsideredtobeagoodhabit.早睡早起被认为是一种好习惯。Ving形式在“Itisnouse/nogood/fun/awasteoftime/agoodpleasure等名词+doing”结构中作主语，it为形式主语。It’snogoodwaitinghere.Let’sgohome.在这儿等没好处，咱们回家吧。Itisnouseyourplaining;thepanywon’tdoanythingaboutit.抱怨是没有用的，公司是不会管的。②Ving形式在“Itisuseless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile/worth等形容词+doing”结构中作主语。Itisdangeroususingthismethodtomeasurethespeedoflight.用这种方法去测量光速是危险的。Itisworthwhileconsultingyourtutoraboutitagain.很值得再向你的指导老师咨询一下这个问题。③Ving形式在“Thereis(was)no+doing”结构中作主语。Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.这种事开不得玩笑。ThereisnodenyingthefactthatChinahasmadearapidprogressineveryaspectsinceitwasfounded.不容抵赖这个事实，中国自它成立以来已在各个方面都取得了飞速的发展。Thereisnolitteringabout.不许乱扔杂物。⒉Ving作宾语①有些动词后面要求跟Ving作宾语。常这样用的动词有：admit承认；excuse原谅；postpone拖延；anticipate期望；fancy想象practice练习；appreciate欣赏；finish完成；prevent防止；avoid避免；forbid禁止；propose建议；consider考虑；forgive宽恕；delay耽搁；imagine想象；resent厌恶；deny否认；resist抵制；keep保留；risk冒险；dislike讨厌；mind在意；miss错过；suggest建议；enjoy喜欢；pardon原谅；escape逃避Hemanagedtoescapesufferingfromthedisease.他设法避免患那种疾病。Prof.Smithconsideredgivinghisstudentsareadinglistbeforetheystartedthenextchapter.史密斯教授考虑在学生们学习下一章之前给他们一份读书清单。Whenhecamebackhomefromhisnightshift,Jasontriedtoavoidwakeninghisfamily.当杰逊下夜班回到家时，他尽力不弄醒他的家人。Thesuspectdeniedturningontheputerintheofficethatnight.犯罪嫌疑人否认他那晚开过办公室的电脑。②有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词短语有：can’tstand忍不住；can’thelp忍不住；feellike想欲；giveup放弃；putoff推迟Afterhearingthefunnystory,allofuscouldn'thelplaughingeartoear.听完了那个滑稽故事，我们忍不住大笑了。Doyoufeelliketakingawalk?你要不要去散步？③Ving形式常跟在介词或介词短语后做宾语。常这样用的介词短语有：insteadof,lookforwardto,objectto,keepon,seeabout,taketo等。I'mlookingforwardtoyouringnexttime.我期待着您下一次的到来。Thankyouforofferingmesomuchhelp.感谢你们给我提供了这么多的帮助。Heisfondofwatchingsportsgames.他喜欢观看体育竞赛。④在“havedifficulty(trouble,problem,ahardtime,fun,agoodtime)(+in)+Ving形式；bebusy(in)+Ving形式；wastetime(in)+Ving形式；losttime(in)+Ving形式；Thereisnopoint(in)+Ving形式”等结构中，Ving形式做介词宾语，in常要省去。Thechildrenarebusydoingtheirhomework.孩子们忙于做作业。Thereisnopoint(in)makingthesimpleexperimentsonceagain.再做一次这种简单的实验是毫无意义的。二、动名词可具有时态意义动名词可以像动词那样表现时态意义，有一般式（doing）和完成式（havingdone）之分。动名词的时态意义是一个相对的概念，从属于句中谓语动词。一般式表示动名词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生，或表示一般性动作，没有时间概念；完成式表示动名词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生。Thesecretarywasscoldedfornothavingfinishedtypingthereportintime.那位秘书因没有按时将报告打印出来而受责备。(动名词的完成时态)Iregrethavingsaidsomerudewordstomybrother.我后悔对我弟弟说了些粗话。Wehavenoideaoftheirhavingdonesuchkindofthing.我们不知道他们干过这种事情。注意①在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Yourcarneedsfilling.你这车要充气了。Thiscitydeservesvisiting.这座城市值得光顾一下。Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.这个问题需要认真研究。Thetreeswantwatering.这些树需要浇水了。②在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.Thebookisworthreading.③在allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.Wedon’tallowstudentstosmoke.Exercises1.Thethiefenteredtheroomwithout_____.A.noticingB.beingnoticedC.havingnoticedD.havingbeennoticed2.Besides_____,sheiskindandtender.A.beautifulB.beingbeautifulC.shebeautifulD.isbeautiful3.Heapologizedfor_____.A.hisnotbeingabletoeB.hisbeingnotabletoeC.hisbeingablenottoeD.himnotbeingabletoe4.Whenheheardthebignoise,Tomstopped_____and_____tothewindowtoseewhatwashappening.A.toread;wentB.reading;togoC.reading;goingD.reading;went5.Iambusy_____fortheentranceexamination,soIcan’thelp_____houseworkathome.A.preparing;doingB.preparing;todoC.toprepare;doingD.toprepare;todo6.______theexamwilldisappointyourparents.A.YoufailingB.YourfailingC.YoufailD.Youtofail7._____thesamemistakeagainmadehisparentsveryangry.A.HisbeingmadeB.HehasmadeC.HehadmakingD.Hismaking8.Idon'tthinkit'smuchgood_____tohim.A.writingB.towriteC.writeD.written9.Suchbooksarenotworthy_____atall.A.ofbeingreadB.beingreadC.readingD.toread10.Itisnouse________withoutthrough_________.A.toread;understoodB.reading;understandingC.toread;understandD.read;tounderstand11.Sorry,wedon’tallow__________inthelectureroom.A.tosmokeB.smokeC.smokingD.tosmoking12.Theydon’tpermit__________noiseher.A.tomakeB.makeC.makingD.made13.Thesentencewants__________oncemore.A.toexplainB.explainingC.beingexplainedD.tobeexplainedit14.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed__________.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch15.Alisaidthatshewouldn’t’mind_________aloneathome.A.leftB.beingleftC.tobeleftD.leaving16.She__________t