初中语法专题 连词专题

连词知识点1连词的分类知识点2并列连词的用法知识点3从属连词的用法知识点4常见连词的用法辨析知识详单知识点1连词的分类标准分类例词根据形式分类简单连词and和，or或者，but但是，if如果，because因为，so所以关联连词Both…and…(二者)都……，Either...or…或者……或者·……，notonly…butalso…不但……而且短语连词aslongas只要，asif好像根据意义分类并列连词and和，or或者，so所以，but但是，for原因，while然而从属连词自从，if如果，unless除非，until直到，asif好像知识点2并列连词的用法分类连词含义例句表示并列and和，又Wearesingingandtheyaredancing.我们在唱歌，他们在跳舞。【知识拓展】1.and用于连接三个或三个以上的并列成分时，前面几个往往使用逗号隔开，最后两个之间使用and进行连接。例如:It'syouthatalwaysmakemefeelwarm,safeandhappy·是你总是让我感到温暖，安全和快乐。2.and如果连接的是动词不定式，往往只在第一个不定式前加不定式符号to，而其余的不定式符号to可省略。例如:Shetoldustostayathomeandwaittillshecameback·她告诉我们待在家里一直等到她会来。3.and连接两个名词指的是同一个人或物，此时第二个名词前不用冠词或者所有歌。例如:Hissecretaryanddriverpickedhimupattheairportyesterday。昨天是他的秘书兼司机在机场接他。Aswellas也，又I'mlearningFrenchaswellasEnglish.我学法语，还学法语.Both…and既……又BothJimandKatearefromEngland。吉姆和凯特都是来自英国。Neither…nor既不……也不……Neitherthefathernorthesonisinterestedinthefilm.父子俩对这部电影都不感兴趣。notonly…butalso…不但……而且……NotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrenchisspokeninCanada.加拿大不仅说英语，而且说法语。表示转折but可是，但是Iaskedhimaquestionbuthewouldnotanswer。我问了他一个问题，但是他不作回答。while而，然而Iamaworkerwhilemybrotherisaprofessor.我是一名工人，而我的兄弟是一位教授。yet可是，然而Itisverystrange,yetitistrue.这件事很奇怪，然而它却是真的。whereas然而，反而Somepeoplelikecoffee,whereasothersliketea.有人喜欢咖啡，然而也有人喜欢茶。【易错警示】although或though在引导让步状语从句时，主句不可使用转折连词but，但是可以使用yet或still。例如:Althoughsheisinpoorhealth，(yet)sheworkshard.虽然她的身体不好，但是她工作非常努力。二Sheisinpoorhealth，butsheworksveryhard.【知识拓展】however作为“然而”之意时，是副词，可位于句首、句中和句尾，而且需要使用逗号与句子隔开。例如:It'sraininghard.HoweverIstillwanttogothere.雨下得很大。然而，我仍然想去那里。Later,however,hemadehismindtogiveuptheidea.然而，后来他下定决心放弃了那个想法-表示选择or或者，否则Willyougotothepostofficebybusoronfoot?你要乘公共汽车还是步行去邮局?Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.快点，否则你会迟到的。【知识拓展】在否定句中，or用于连接并列的成分时，相当于“and+否定词”例如:Thereisnowateroraironthemoon.(=Thereisnowaterandnoaironthemoon.)月球上没有水和空气。orelse否则，要不然Becarefulorelseyouwillmakeamistake.小心，否则你将会犯错误。ratherthan而不是Iwilldoitmyselfratherthanaskhimtodoit.我会亲自去做这件事，而不是叫他去做。not…but不是……而是….Johnisnotherfatherbutheruncle.约翰不是她的父亲而是她的的叔叔。either…or或者……或者…..EitherAliceorherfathercooksmealsathome·要么爱丽丝要么她爸爸在家做饭。whether…or不管是……还是……Theyhaven'tdecidedwhethertheywillgotoLondonorBerlin。他们尚未决定-是去伦敦还是去柏林。表示因果so因此，所以Ihadaheadache,soIwenttobedveryearly.我头痛，因此很早就上床睡觉了。for因为，由于I'llfollowhisadvice,forheisadoctor.找会听从他的建议，因为他是医生。【易错警示】so作为表示因果关系的连词，不与because在一句话中同时使用。另外，还有些副词或短语，如besides（而且，此外），hence（因此），moreover（而且，此外），,then（那么，因而），therefor（因此），thus（因而），asaresult/consequence(结果，因此)，inaddition（此外）等，也可使句子的前后意思更为连贯，有时可以起到和连词相同的作用。例如：.Itrainedandthereforethefootballmatchwasputoff.下雨了，.因此足球赛延期。Idon'twanttogo;besides，I’mtootired.我不想去，此外.我也太累了。【知识拓展]1.neither…nor，notonly...butalso，either...or:和not…but.用于谓语动词与最近的主语保持就近一致原则。例如：NotonlyyoubutalsoIamgoingtoattendalecturegivenbyDr.Smith.不仅你而且我要去听史密斯博士的讲座。2.aswellas和ratherthan用于连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。例如:HeaswellasIissatisfiedwiththeresult.他和我都对这一结果表示满意。3.and和or常用于句式“祈使句+and/or+主语+will+其他”，此句式相当于if引导的条件状语从句。例如:Turnleftandyouwillfindthepostoffice.向左转，你就会找到邮局的。知识点3从属连词的用法序号分类从属连词例句1引导时间状语从句since自从，until/till直到，after在……之后，before在……之前，when当……时候，while当……时侯，assoonas一……就……，whenever无论何时I'lltellhimthegoodnewsassoonashecomesback.他一回来我就告诉他这个好消息。WhenIarrivedthere,itwasraining.当我到那里时，天正在下雨。2引导条件状语从句if如果，unless除非，as/solongas只要Ifyougoshoppingwithme,I'llbuyyouapairofshoes.如果你和我一起去购物，我就会给你买一双鞋。3引导目的状语从句sothat以便，inorderthat为了,incase以防GivemeyourphonenumbersothatIcancallyouback.告诉我你的电话号码，这样我就可以给你回电话了。4引导结果状语从句sothat所以，so…that…如此……以致，such...that如此……以致Heissuchayoungboythathecan'tgotoschool.这个男孩如此小，无法去上学。5引导原因状语从句because因为，since因为，as因为Ican'tgettosleepbecauseitistoonoisyoutside.由于外面声音太嘈杂，我睡不着。6引导让步状语从句though尽管。although尽管，eVenif/though即使Thoughtheisveryold，hestillteacheshimselfEnglish.尽管他年龄很大，他仍然自学英语。7引导方式状语从句as正如，asif/though好像Hestaredatmeasifhesawmeforthefirsttime.他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。8引导地A状语从句where在……的地方，wherever无论何地Wemustcampwherewecangetwater.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。9引导比较状语从句as/so...as像·····一样，than比Notalleventsinhistoryareasterribleasthis，ofcourse.当然，历史上不是所有的事件都像这个这样糟糕。1.sothat表示结果和目的的用法区别:引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便，为了”，从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等词;引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在sothat前可以用逗号，意思是“因此，所以”。例如:ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.为了能够在母亲节给她的母亲买一份礼物，小男孩存下了每一分钱。(目的状语从句)Thegirlwasveryhungrysothatsheatethewholepizza.那个女孩非常饿以至于她吃了一整个比萨饼。(结果状语从句)2.whether与if的用法区别:用作从属连词时.whether和if都意为“是否”。一般情况下，二者可以互换。但以下几种情况中只能用whether：①与动词不定式连用时。例如:Icouldn'tdecidewhethertogo.我不确定是否要去②引导介词的宾语从句时。例如:Therehasbeennonewsaboutwhethertheyhavefinishedtheirwork.仍然没有他们是否已经完成工作的消息。③引导主语从句且里于句首时。例如:Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.它是真是假还是个问题。④引导表语从句时。例如:Thequestioniswhetheritwillrain.问题是会不会下雨。⑤引导同位语从句时。例如Thereisadoubtwhetherheisfitforthejob.他是否胜任这份工作还有疑问。⑥与ornot直接连用时。例如Letmeknowwhetherornotyoucanwinthegame.请让我知道你是否能移获胜。3.though与although的用法区别:①用作连词，表示“虽然”，两者含义相同，可换用，although比though更为正式。例如:Though/Althoughwearepoor,wearestillhappy.我们虽然穷，仍然很快乐。②用作副词，though可用作副词，一般放在句末，意为“可是，不过”;although不用作副词。例如:It'shardwork;Ienjoyitthough.工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。③用于短语，在asthough(好像，仿佛),eventhough(即使，纵然)等固定短语中不能用although.④用于倒装，though引导的让步状语从句可用倒装的形式(注意:倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词)，但although一般不这样用。例如:Childthoughhewas,hedidquitewell.他虽是个孩子，但干得很好。4.till与until的用法区别:这两个词都意为“直到……，一直…为止”，表示一个动作持续到某一时刻或另一动作发生为止，其后的词或从句表示这段时间的终点.在句首时只能用until。在肯定句中，句子(或主句)与延续性动词连用。在否定句中，句子(或主句)可以和非廷续动词连用，这时。until和before近义，表示‘直到……才”。例如:Hedidn'tgotosleepuntil12lastnight.他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。Hermothercouldn'tbuyhimapianountilhewasseven.直到她七岁.她妈妈才有能力给她买一架钢琴。知识点4常见连词的用法辨析1.when，while，与aswhenwhen既可指时间点，也可指时间段，其引导的从句中的动词可以是非延续性动词，也可以是延续性动词引导的从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。Whenhehadfinishedhishomework，hetookashortrest.(finished先发生)当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。whilewhile只指时间段，其引导的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词；while强调主句的动作发生在从句动作发生的过程中或主从句的动作同时发生。Whilewewereswimming，theywerereadingbooks.我们在游泳，他们在读书。asas表示“一边····一边·，与……同时”，引导的从句表示的是一件事情正在发生，另一件也在进行中。Asthedaywenton，theweathergotworse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。When/While/Asweweredancing，astrangercamein.(dance为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。【知识拓展】1.when有时作并列连词用，相当于atthat/thistime，意为“就在这/那时”，而不是“当……时候”。例如:Agirlwaswalkingalongthestreet,whenshemetherfriend一个女孩正在街上走着，这时，她遇到了她的朋友。2.while引导时间状语从句时，主句和从句均可用进行时态。例如:Iwasdrawingwhilemybrotherwasreading.我在画画的时候，我弟弟在读书。2.because，since，与asbecausebecause是从属连词，表示造成某种情况的直接原因，语气最强，常用来回答由why引导的问句，其从句的位里通常在主句的后面。Hehastoleavebecauseitistoolate.因为太晚了，他不得不走。Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.他因为生病没有去上学。sincesince是从属连词.语气比as稍强，不表示直接的或根本的原因，而是一种已知的或非常显然的理由，since引导的从句通常位于主句之前。Sinceeveryoneishere,let'sstart.既然大家那到齐了，我们就出发吧!Sinceyou'renotinterested,Iwon'ttellyouaboutit.既然你不感兴趣，那找就不告诉你了。asAs是从属连词，表示原因时，语气最弱，所说的原因比较明显或是是已知的事实，它引导的从句一般位于主句之前。Wealllikeherassheiskind.我们都喜欢她，因为她善良。Asyouareunabletoanswerperhapsweshouldasksomeoneelse.因为你不能回答.也许我们该问别的人。【知识拓展】for也可表示原因，但它是并列连词，强调间接原因和理由，是对前面的分句加以解释或表示推断的原因。for所连接的分句通常位于句尾，前面用逗号分开。例如:Theremustbeintheclassroomnow,forthelightisstillon.教室里现在一定有人，因为灯还亮。粉。3.such…that与so…thatsuch…thatsuch为形容词，后接名词，其结构可分为三种情况:such+a(an)+adj.+单数可数名词+that从句such+adj+复数可数名词+that从句such+adj+不可数名词+that从句Hewassuchanhonestmanthathewaspraisedbytheteacher.他非常诚实，因而受到了老师的表扬。TheyaresuchinterestingmoviesthatIwanttowatchthemonceagain·这些电影非常有趣，我想再看一遍。Hehasmadesuchgreatprogressthatthemanagerispleasedwithhim.他进步得很快，经理对他感到很满意。so…thatso为副词，与形容词或副词连用其结构是:so+adj(adv.)+that从句so+adj.+a(an)+单数可数名词+that从句Thisissointerestingabookthatwealllikereadingit.这本书是如此有趣以至于我们都喜欢看。JohnransofastthatIcouldn'tcatchupwithher.约翰跑得那么快，我赶不上她。【易错警示】1.当名词前面有many,much,few,little等表示数量多少的限定词时，应该用so，而不能用such。例如I'vehadsomanyfallsthatI'mblackandblueallover.我跌倒了好多次，以至于我的全身青一块紫一块。Peterdranksomuchwineyesterdaythathefeltterrible.昨天彼得喝了那么多的酒，以至于他感觉不舒服。2.当单数可数名词前有形容词时，既可用so，也可用such，但不定冠词的位置却有所不同。如:Thisissuchanimportantmeetingthatyoushouldattendit.(=Thisissoimportantameetingthatyoushouldattendit.)这是一次很重要的会议，你一定要参加。考点突破考点1考查并列连词and1.Tomakeourdreamscometrue,weshouldhaveaims_______thentryourbesttoachieveitA.andB.butC.or考点2考查并列连词or2.Hurryup,________you'llbelateforschool.A.butB.andC.orD.then3.Whichdoyouprefertousetocommunicatewithyourfriends,QQ_____MSN?A.andB.norC.orD.so考点3考查并列连词but4.-Wouldyouliketogotothecartoonshowwithme?-Itsoundslikefun，________I'mtoobusy.A.soB.forC.orD.but考点4考查并列连词either…or…5.一WhereareyougoingtostaywhenyougettoShanghai?一Imaylive_____inahotel_______inafriend'shouse.A.both;andB..either;orC.neither…nor…D..notonly…butalso考点5考查并列连词so6.-Areyougoingout,Mike?It'sreallylatenow.-It'sthelastdaytobuyticketstothe2014FIFAWorldCupinBrazil,______Imustgonow.A.ifB.orC.soD.though考点6考查从属连词until7.Ididn'tknowthenews_______youtoldme.Thankyoufortellingthat.A.unlessB.thoughC.untilD.while考点7考查从属连词assoonas8.-WillyoupleasegivethismessagetoHelen?---Sure.I'llgiveittoher_______shearrivedhere.UntilB.althoughC.beforeD.assoonas考点8考查从属连词aslongas9.一Wewillcertainlyenteragoodhighschool_______weworkhard一Yes.Ourdreamwillcometruebyworkinghard.A.assoonasB.aslongasC.asfarasD.evenif考点9考查从属连词sothat10.Theteacheraskedmetoreadaloud______allthestudentscouldhearme.A.sothatB.forC.becauseD.inorderto考点10考查从属连词because11.Hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday________hewasillA.becauseB.becauseofC.ifD.so考点11考查从属连词although/though12._______hewasverytired,hecontinuedworkinginhisoffice.A.SinceB.AlthoughC.Assoonas·D.Because13.________wefelttired.________wefelthappy.A.Though;butB.If;butC.Though;/考点12考查从属连词than14.-WhatwouldyoudoforyourdadonFather'sDay?-Iprefertotakehimforatrip________buyhimgifts.A.inordertoB.nomorethanC.ratherthanD.accordingto15.Itisbettertotravel10,000miles______toread10,000books.A.asB.butC.norD.than~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~随堂检测1.HecanspeakEnglish_______Chinese.A.butB.alsoC.soD.and2.Physicsisnotsoeasy,_______Ilikeitverymuch.A.butB.orC.sinceD.because3.WillTomwaitforherathome______atthelibrary?A.orB.asC.sothatD.both4.Shehasason_______adaughter.A.butB.andC.soD.or5.I'llgiveherthegift______shearrives.A.soB.beforeC.assoonasD.since6.Tomwas____illthatwehadtosendforadoctor.A.soB.veryC.andD.too7.Thewomanwas____angry_____shecouldn'tspeakanything.A.neither…norB.either…orC.both…andD.so…that8.______wegothomeitwasverylate.A.WhenB.WhileC.BecauseD.As9.Weheardclearly_____shesaid.A.whatB.whichC.beforeD.because10.Ican'tsleepwellatnight,______Ioftenfeelverytiredintheday.A.soB.becauseC.andD.or11.Whenyou'relearningaforeignlanguage,useit,______youwillloseit.A.butB.orC.thenD.and12.---Canyouplayfootball?---Yes,Ican,______Ican'tplayitverywell.A.orB.andC.butD.so13.Studyhard,______youwillfallbehind.A.andB.butC.soD.or14.Myfavoriteisactionmovie______Ithinkit'sexciting.A.andB.becauseC.butD.so15.Theboyisverysmart,______manyofhisclassmateslikehim.A.butB.soC.orD.for16.Hehasneverheard______seensuchathingbefore.A.norB.andC.orD.since17._________John_______Iarepolicemen.A.Neither...norB.Either...orC.Both...andD.Notonly...butalso18.MrSmithteaches______well______hislessonsarenoteasilyforgotten.A.very...thatB.quite...butC.so...asD.so...that19.Hedidn'tgotosleep______hefinishedhishomework.A.tillB.beforeC.afterD.until20.Ididn'tbuythedictionaryyesterday________myauntwouldgivemeone.A.untilB.becauseC.ifD.before21.Therunnerfell_______hequicklygotupandwentonrunning.A.orB.andC.butD.down22.Waitformeintheroom_______Icomeback.A.untilB.andC.soD.or23.I'llreturnthebookstothelibrary______soonaspossible.A.asB.soC.justD.but24.Goalongtheroad,_______you'llfindthemarketattheendofit.A.whenB.andC.orD.though25.You'llbelate______youdon'tgetupearlytomorrowmorning.A.ifB.whenC.beforeD.until26.Itwaslate.Shewashedherface______wenttobed.A.orB.andC.soD.but27.Heshoutedaloud______heranalone.A.

afterB.beforeC.whenD.as28.Pleasereturnthebooktome_____youcomeback.A.assoonas

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D.then.30.Imuststopwritingnow,______Ihaveratheralotofworktodo.

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D.since31.Thebusdidn’tleave_____everyonegeton.A.after

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C.untilD.when32.I’llleaveamessage_____hewillknowwhereweare.A.sothat

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D.that33.Mysisteris____young____hecan’tgotoschool.A,too,to

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that36.---I’mgoingtothesupermarket.----Willyougetmesomechocolates____youarehere,mum.

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D.for38.____theyarebrothers,theydon’tlooklikeeachotheratall.A,Because

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D,As39.Iknownothingaboutit____mybrothertoldmeyesterday.A.becauseB.since

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40.Hefailed_____becauseheisn’tclever______becausehedidn’tworkhard.A.

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somuch

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D.suchmany42.Wewereswimminginthelake____suddenlythestormstarted.A.when

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Youcan____stayathome_____gotomyhometownwithme.A.

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so46.__Judy,youlooksotired.__Yes.Ididnotgotobed____itwastwelvelastnight.A.whenB.unlessC.untilD.after47.

Shewassointerestedinthebookthatshehasreaditforthreehours____sherealizedit.A.untilB.beforeC.afterD.when48.

Jackspendmuchmoneyonbooks____heissorich.A.thoughB.whenC.ifD.because49Johnfeelasleep____hewaslisteningtothemusic.A.afterB.beforeC.whileD.assoonas50.Shedoesnotfeellikeplayingbasketballnow,____,sheisnotgoodatit.

A.

soB.orC.butD.besides51.Motherisill,_____Fathercookedforusinstead.A.but

B.or

C.so

D.and52.----It’s9o’clocknow.Imustgo.-----It’srainingoutside.Don’tleave_____itstops.A.when

B.sinceC.while

D.until53.Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithme?-----I’dloveto______Ican’t.A.or

B.but

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D.and54.---Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.----Didit?Well,thatdoesn’tmatter____youenjoyedyourselves.A.if

Bunless

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D.or55.Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday,____hewasill.A.if

B.because

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before56.----Canyouguesswhowillbethefirsttocrossthefinishline?---Sandy.

Janedidn’trunsofast_____shedidlasttime.A.thanB.so

C

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D

as57Nothingcanstopthesandstorm____moreandmoretreesareplanted.A.

unlessB.ifC.whenD.while58.Ihavetofinishtheworknow____Iwillfallbehindothers.A.

andB.orC.butD.so

59.Doyoupreferapples____grapes?A.

toB.thanC.or60.ImetMissGreen____Iwaswalkingacrossthebridge,butIdidnotsayhellotohim.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.while61.IcannotaffordtobuyaCDplayer____itistooexpensive.A.afterB.thoughC.becauseD.until62.Iwouldliketoplayfootballwithyou____Ihavegotameetingnow.A.

andB.orC.butD.so63.Edisonnevergiveup,____hefailedmanytimes.A.

andB.thoughC.orD.so64.Youshouldmakeaplan____youdoanythingimportant.A.

beforeB.afterC.thoughD.until65.Forestshelptokeepwaterfromrunningaway,____droughtdoesnotoftenhappen.A.

andB.butC.soD.though66.WealllikeHanMei____sheiskindandhelpful.A.

soB.andC.becauseD.but67.Wewillnotnevergiveupourplan____happens.A.

howeverB.whateverC.wheneverD.wherever

68.Theboxissoheavy____Ihavetoasksomeonetohelpme.A.

toB.becauseC.thatD.for69.Itwassolate,____thefarmerswentonworkinginthefield.A.

andB.orC.soD.but70.Thelittleboyisonlysixyearsold,____hecanmakemodelwonderfulcars.A.

butB.soC.orD.and71.Shirleyhaspassedtheexam____sheisbusywithherhardwork.A.

becauseB.whenC.sinceD.though72.Lindawasjustgoingoutshopping____thetelephongrang.A.

whileB.whenC.afterD.because73.Iwanttoknow____Jackstilllivesinthathouse.A.

thatB.ifC.weatherD.where74.Iboughtapresentformyfriend,____shedidnotlikeitatall.A.

andB.butC.soD.or75.Theydidnotstartthework____theirteachercameback.A.

untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if76.Hurryup!____youwillbelateforthefilm.A.

AndB.ButC.OrD.Because77.WhenyouarelearningEnglish,useit,____youorloseit.A.

butB.orC.thenD.and78.Thedoctorstriedtheirbesttosavethepatient’slife____failed.A.

orB.soC.butD.because79.Studyhard_____youaresuretohaveagoodresult.A.

orB.andC.forD.but80.Samwasreadinganewspaper____hisbrotherfellontheground.A.

whenB.whetherC.assoonas81.Itriedtocallyou____Iheardfromhim,butyouwerenotin.A.

sinceB.whileC.untilD.as