2025版高考英语一轮复习必修2Unit3Computers学案含解析新人教版

PAGEUnit3Computers————[单元主题语境]———人与社会之科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息平安(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)话题：运用高科技“引进阳光”词数：277难度：★★★ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid­March—41sixmonthsoutoftheyear.“Ofcourse，we42itwhenthesunisshining，”saysKarinRo，whoworksforthetown'stourismoffice.“Weseetheskyis43，butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker—it'slikeona44day.”Butthat45whenasystemofhigh­tech46wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks(山峰)intothevalleybelow.Wednesday，residents(居民)ofRjukan47theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine：Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto48.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat49themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe50andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam(束)oflightontothetown'scentral51，creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight52，Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.“Peoplehavebeen53thereandstandingthereandtaking54ofeachother，”Rosays.“Thetownsquarewastotally55.Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere.”The3,500residentscannotall56thesunshineatthesametime.57，thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown's58residents.“It'snotvery59，”shesays，“butitisenoughwhenweare60.”[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了挪威小城尤坎一年中接近半年无法得到阳光直射，这种状况通过运用高科技设备得以改善。41．A.only B．obviouslyC．nearly D．precisely解析：上文语境题。依据空前所述(从九月底到三月中旬)可知，此处指接近(nearly)六个月的时间。only只有；obviously明显地；precisely精确地。答案：C42．A.fear B．believeC．hear D．notice解析：上下文语境题。由上文可知挪威小城尤坎接近六个月的时间没有阳光直射，再依据下文引号里的话可知，当地人在阳光照射的时候留意(notice)到天空是蓝色的，但山谷里较暗。fear胆怯 ；believe信任；hear听说。答案：D43．A.empty B．blueC．high D．wide解析：上文语境题。明显，该引号中的话为当地人留意到的状况——我们看到天空是蓝色的(blue)，但山谷里较暗。empty空的；high高的；wide宽的。答案：B44．A.cloudy B．normalC．different D．warm解析：上文语境题。山谷里较暗，就像阴天(acloudyday)一样。normal正常的；different不同的；warm暖和的。答案：A45．A.helped B．changedC．happened D．mattered解析：上下文语境题。但是当一套高科技的镜子系统被引进之后，这种状况变更(change)了。help帮助；happen发生；matter重要。答案：B46．Aputers B．telescopesC．mirrors D．cameras解析：下文语境题。由下文中的“Themirrorsarecontrolled...”可知该空填mirrors(镜子)。computer电脑；telescope望远镜；camera照相机。答案：C47．A.remembered B．forecastedC．received D．imagined解析：上下文语境题。由上下文可知，在引进高科技的镜子系统后，尤坎居民收到(receive)了冬日阳光的第一束光。remember记住；forecast预报；imagine想象。答案：C48．A.repair B．riskC．rest D．use解析：上文语境题。由该句前的冒号可知，此句介绍尤坎居民是如何得到光源的——旁边山坡上的一排反射板投入运用。puttouse“投入运用”，符合语境。repair修理；risk冒险；rest休息。答案：D49．A.forbids B．directsC．predicts D．follows解析：上下文语境题。这些镜子是由电脑限制的，电脑可以让它们在白天随着太阳转动，在有风的天气里关闭。direct“管理，指挥”，符合语境。forbid禁止；predict预料；follow跟随。答案：B50．A.day B．nightC．month D．year解析：上下文语境题。因为是要反射光源，确定是在白天时间。throughouttheday“整个白天”，符合语境。答案：A51．A.library B．hallC．square D．street解析：词汇复现题。依据后文“Thetownsquarewas...”也证明应用“square(广场)”。library图书馆；hall大厅；street街道。答案：C52．A.appeared B．returnedC．faded D．stopped解析：上文语境题。当光出现(appear)的时候，尤坎居民就聚集到一起。return返回；fade消逝；stop停止。答案：A53．A.driving B．hidingC．camping D．sitting解析：下文语境题。与空后的standing对应的是sitting，指人们或坐或站，故选D项。drive驾驶；hide躲藏；camp露营。答案：D54．A.pictures B．notesC．care D．hold解析：上下文语境题。人们或坐或站，相互拍照。takepicturesof“给……拍照”，符合语境。takenotesof记笔记；takecareof照看；takeholdof握住。答案：A55．A.new B．fullC．flat D．silent解析：下文语境题。由空后的“我觉得几乎镇上全部人都在那里了”可知，城镇广场完全满了(full)。new新的；flat平淡的，单调的；silent缄默的。答案：B56．A.block B．avoidC．enjoy D．store解析：上下文语境题。3500个居民不能同时享受(enjoy)阳光。block拦住，堵住；avoid避开；store储存。答案：C57．A.Instead B．HoweverC．Gradually D．Similarly解析：语义逻辑题。空前提到居民不能同时享受阳光，空后说，新光线对小镇居民而言感觉绰绰有余，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系，故填however(然而)。instead反而，相反；gradually渐渐地；similarly相像地。答案：B58．A.nature­loving B．energy­savingC．weather­beaten D．sun­starved解析：上文语境题。尤坎小镇原本每年有接近六个月的时间不见阳光，所以说他们是渴望阳光的(sun­starved)居民。nature­loving酷爱自然的；energy­saving节约能源的；weather­beaten饱经风霜的。答案：D59．A.big B．clearC．cold D．easy解析：上下文语境题。由上文Ro的叙述以及morethanenough等字眼可知，对于渴望阳光的尤坎居民而言，新光线让他们心满足足。故此处语境为“它不是很大(big)，但当我们共享(share)的时候就足够了”。答案：A60．A.trying B．waitingC．watching D．sharing解析：上文语境题。当我们共享(share)的时候就足够了。try尝试；wait等待；watch观看。答案：D,一、语言实力熟词生义/词类活用1．reflectv．反射2．fadev．消逝3．campvi.宿营4．blockv．拦住二、思维品质1．阅读技巧——利用逻辑关系解题此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。第41题，依据上文“doesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid­March”可知，小镇在九月末到来年三月中旬没有干脆的阳光，一共大约近(nearly)六个月。only只有；obviously明显地；precisely精确地。故选C项。本篇完形除51和57题外，其余可用上下文逻辑关系解题。2．分析长难句并翻译句子Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthatdirectsthemtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthedayandtocloseduringwindyweather.[分析]句子主干为Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputer；thatdirectsthemtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthedayandtocloseduringwindyweather为定语从句修饰先行词acomputer，其中toturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthedayandtocloseduringwindyweather作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语them，them指代的是themirrors。[翻译]镜子是由电脑限制的，电脑会引导它们全天随太阳转动，在刮风的天气里关闭。三、文化素养思索：通过阅读这篇文章，你认为学生应当怎样培育科学精神？广阔青少年学生把个人志向融入国家和民族事业中，继承前辈们科技报国的优良传统，坚持追求真理、勇攀高峰的科学精神，保持踏实奋斗的心态，驾驭科学的探讨方法，才能取得无愧于新时代的新发觉、新独创、新技术，扛起振兴国家科技事业、建设世界科技强国的大旗。高考总复习英语必修二Unit3Computers

授课提示：对应学生用书第50页NO.1单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词…………[先识记]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．solveproblems解决问题2．spoiltheirchildren宠坏他们的孩子3．exploreonfoot徒步考察4．typealetterofthistype打印这种类型的信5．calculatethecostofajourney计算旅行费用6．signalforhelp发求救信号7．arisefromdailylife源于日常生活8．highlypersonalinformation特别私人的信息9．atotalfailure彻底的失败10．mygoalinlife我的生活目标11．haveacharacterofitsown独具匠心12．anelectroniccalculator电子计算器13．understandrealhappiness懂得真正的华蜜14．acomputeroperator电脑操作员[再拓展]请填入括号内单词的正确形式1．Themeaningsofwordsarecomplex，andyou'dbettersimplify(simple)them.2．Moneydoesnotalwaysbringhappiness(happy)，butwithoutitpeopleoftencan'tlivewell.3．Thereisanotherkindofbeautythathasnothingtodowithappearance(appear)，butcomesfromtheheart.4．Therewereabout40peopleatthepartyintotal.Theysanganddancedwithabandon，totallyforgettingthetroublesintheirlives.(total)5．Ateamofexplorerswillexplorethevalleyandtheexplorationwilllast10days.(explore)6．Humansoranimalsofhighintelligencearealwaysintelligent.(intelligence)7．Afterthepresidentmadeanofficialannouncement，sheexpressedherpersonalopinion.Personallyspeaking，Iagreedwithwhatshesaid.(person)8．AnyapplicantwhowouldliketoapplytobecomeanassistantinourcompanyshouldsendusanapplicationbeforeJune10.(apply)9．Theoperatorisoperatingthebigmachineaccordingtotheoperationguidance.(operate)02阅读单词…………标注不相识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆□universal□artificial□network□rocket□download□calculator□laptop□analytical□revolution□virus□chip□mopNO.2短语——在拼法中记牢，在联想中积累[必会短语]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．afterall终归；终究2．asaresult结果3．inaway在某种程度上4．dealwithmanydifficulties应付很多困难5．watchoverthesickchild照看生病的孩子6．fromnowon从现在起先7．havenothingincommon毫无相同之处8．makegooduseofhertalents充分发挥她的才能9．dreamoftravelingaroundtheworld梦见环游世界10．makeupwhatyoulack补充你所缺乏的[词汇积累]1．ABC式过去式、过去分词变更①arise→arose→arisen②drive→drove→driven③ride→rode→ridden④rise→rose→risen⑤write→wrote→written2．“互联网”家族①downloadvt.下载②clickvt.点击③connectvt.连接④surfvi.&vt.阅读；(互联网上)冲浪⑤networkn．网络⑥databasen．数据库3．“动词＋of”必备短语一览①dreamof梦见；幻想；设想②thinkof想到③consistof由……组成④approveof赞成⑤dieof死于⑥talk/speakof谈到⑦hearof听说⑧complainof埋怨⑨becomeof发生……状况NO.3句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请依据提示完成下列句子1．before引导时间状语从句，意为“……之后才……”不久他们就驾驭了用这台机器做爆米花的诀窍。Itwasn'tlongbeforetheygotthehangofusingthemachinetomakepopcorn.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)2．as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”随着时间的接近，我变得焦虑担心。Astimewasapproaching，Ibecameanxiousandworried.3．so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”这场竞赛意义重大，要求每个人都要准时到场。Sosignificantisthegamethatitisrequiredthateveryoneshouldpresentthemselvespunctually.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)4．bythetime“到……为止”，引导时间状语从句到他五岁时，他已学会了如何弹钢琴。Bythetimehewasfiveyearsold，hehadlearnedhowtoplaythepiano.授课提示：对应学生用书第51页1．solvevt.解决；解答[写作佳句]Inordertosolvetheproblem，I，togetherwithmyfriends，ambentonwritingsomesuggestionstoourschool.为了解决这个问题，我和我的挚友一心想要给学校写点建议。[归纳拓展](1)solveproblems解决问题(2)solutionn．解决方法；处理手段a/thesolutiontosth.……的解决方法[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Oneday，mentallyexhausted，Iwrotedownallthereasonswhythisproblemcouldnotbesolved(solve)．②Wearesupposedtocomeupwithasolution(solve)tostoppeoplelookingdownattheirmobilephoneswhiledrivingcars.③Withmostoftheproblemssolved(solve)，Ifeltagreatweighttakenoffmymind.实力提升——完成句子④Everybodywillmeetsuchaproblemlikeyou.Howtosolveitisveryimportantandmysuggestionsareasfollows.每个人都会遇到像你这样的问题。如何解决这个问题特别重要，这里有一些建议。2．signalvi.&vt.发信号n.信号[写作佳句]Inordernottobeheard，shepointedherfingerupwardstosignalthatsomeonewasmovingaboutupstairs.为了不让别人听到，她竖起手指示意有人正在楼上走动。[归纳拓展](1)signal(to)sb.todosth.示意某人做某事signal(tosb.)that...示意(某人)……(2)trafficsignals交通信号sendoutasignal发出信号giveasignal(tosb.)(向某人)发信号[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Audiosignals(signal)canbetransmittedalongcableswithoutdistortion.②Thepolicesignalled(signal)tothedrivertostophiscarbyraisinghishand.实力提升——句式升级Thebellrang，andsignaledthatschoolwasover.→③Thebellrang，whichsignaledthatschoolwasover.(非限制性定语从句)→④Thebellrang，signalingthatschoolwasover.(分词短语作状语)3．arisevi.(arose，arisen，arising)出现；发生；引起；产生；起身；起床[文化金句]EverytimeIencounterwhetherclassicalmusicorjazz，asenseofentertainmentandreliefarisesnaturally，makingmybodyrefreshandofferingthecouragetokeepon.(2024·高考天津卷)每当我遇到古典音乐或爵士乐时，一种消遣和放松的感觉就会自然而然地出现，使我的身体面貌一新，并鼓起接着前进的志气。[归纳拓展]arisefrom＝ariseoutof由……引起/产生；从……中产生arisefromone'schair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来[实战演练]基础练透——一词多义①WhenIarosefromthechair，myfatherandJohn'sfatherwereindeepconversation.起身②Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins.出现③Theyaroseatsunrisetogetanearlystarttothepark.起床④Asmoreandmorepeopletravelabroad，it'snaturalthatvariousproblemswillarise.发生实力提升——翻译句子⑤当这一问题出现在会议上时，没人能回答它。Whenthequestionaroseatthemeeting，noonecouldanswerit.[实战贴士]arise为不及物动词，表示“出现，发生”时，主语一般为argument，difficulty，misunderstanding，problem，quarrel，trouble等抽象名词，无被动语态。4．asaresult结果[文化金句]Asateenager，Ilikedancingandhavebeentakingdancinglessonsinmysparetime；asaresult，IwanttolearnwhatdanceformispopularamongstudentsinEngland.(2024·高考天津卷)作为一个十几岁的孩子，我喜爱跳舞，并且在业余时间始终在上舞蹈课，因此，我想知道什么样的舞蹈形式在英国学生中很流行。[归纳拓展](1)asaresultof由于……的缘由withoutresult徒劳；毫无结果(2)resultfrom因……引起resultin导致；致使[实战演练]基础练透——句型转换Thereismoreandmorepollution.Asaresult，manyspeciesaredyingout.→①Asaresultofmoreandmorepollution，manyspeciesaredyingout.→②Moreandmorepollutionhasresultedinmanyspeciesdyingout.→③Thefactthatmanyspeciesaredyingoutresultsfrommoreandmorepollution.实力提升——完成句子④Asforme，I'mfascinatedbyropeskipping，whichcanresultintheflexibilityofmybody.至于我，我对跳绳很着迷，这会使我的身体变得敏捷。[实战贴士](1)asaresult意为“因此，结果”，是介词短语，常作状语；(2)asaresultof意为“由于”，是介词短语，表示缘由，后接名词/代词/动名词及what引导的名词性从句。5．inaway在某种程度上；从某一角度看[写作佳句]Inaway，I'mgladthatyoumadethatmistake，foritwillserveasawarningtoyou.从某一角度看，我兴奋你犯了那个错误，因为它对你是个警告。[归纳拓展]alltheway一路上；自始至终；完全bytheway顺便说一下innoway一点也不；决不(位于句首时，句子应运用部分倒装)inthisway用这种方法intheway挡道；碍事ontheway在途中[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Inaway，itisagoodthingthatIdidnotgetthepostIhadappliedfor，thoughIwasdisappointedatthattime.②Mrs.Smithfindsithardtoclearupthemess，asherchildrenarealwaysinthewaywhenevershetriesto.实力提升——句式升级③Youshouldloseheartinnowaywhenyouarefacedwithdifficulties.(改为倒装句)→Innowayshouldyouloseheartwhenyouarefacedwithdifficulties.6．dealwith处理；支配；应付；应付；论及；涉及；与……打交道；做买卖[写作佳句]Wecan'tchoosewhathappenstous，butatleastwecanchoosehowtodealwithit.生活中会发生什么，我们无法选择，但至少我们可以选择怎样面对。[归纳拓展](1)makeadeal成交；达成交易(2)dowithsth.处理某事[实战演练]基础练透——写出下列句中dealwith的含义①Theprinciplefordealingwithpraiseistoconsiderthelinkbetweenpraiseandeffort.(2024·高考浙江卷)处理②Hisarticledealswithmanyissueswearegreatlyconcernedabout.论及；涉及③Hisworkexperienceequippedhimtodealwithallkindsofpeople.与……打交道实力提升——句型转换④Asamatteroffact，Idon'tknowhowtheywilldealwiththeproblem.→Infact，I'matalosswhattheywilldowiththeproblem.[实战贴士]dealwith表示“处理”时，常与疑问词how连用；dowith表示“处理”时，常与疑问词what连用。7．as引导状语从句[文化金句]Astimegoesby，BeijingOperahasenjoyedgreatpopularityamongpeoplefromallwalksoflife，becomingoneofthemostpopulardramasinChina.随着时间的推移，京剧在社会各界广受欢迎，成为中国最受欢迎的剧种之一。[归纳拓展]as作连词，有以下用法：(1)“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”，引导时间状语从句。(2)“依据……的方式(方法)；犹如……”，引导方式状语从句。(3)“因为；既然”，引导缘由状语从句。(4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。(5)引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，其次个as是连词)。[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Withtimegoingon，hecontentedhimselfwithasimplelife.②Astimewenton,hecontentedhimselfwithasimplelife.实力提升——完成句子③IgotcloseenoughtohearthemspeakingChinese，andIsaid“NiHao”，justasImightdoinChina.我离他们足够近能听见他们正在说汉语，并且我像在中国可能做的那样说了声“你好”。④AsIwasbusypreparingformyfinalexam，Ididn'treplytoyouremailassoonasIreceivedit.因为我正忙着打算期末考试，所以我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。[实战贴士](1)当as引导让步状语从句时，从句运用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等置于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应当省掉冠词。(2)with意为“随着”时是介词，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构。8．so/such...that...引导结果状语从句[教材原句]AndmymemorybecamesolargethatevenIcouldn'tbelieveit!我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能信任！[归纳拓展](1)so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋adj./adv.＋that...,so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that...,so＋many/much/few/little少＋名词＋that...))(2)such...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(such＋adj.＋不行数名词＋that...,such＋adj.＋可数名词复数＋that...,such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...))[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①ThereweresomanybooksinthebookstorethatIdidn'tknowwhichonetochoose.②Onourwaytothehouse，itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)③Ascanbeseenfromthepicture，aboyisburdenedwithsuchheavyhomeworkthatitseemsasifhecanhardlybearitanymore.实力提升——句式升级④Thevolleyballmatchissosignificantthateveryoneshouldarriveatourschoolstadiumaheadofschedule.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)→Sosignificantisthevolleyballmatchthateveryoneshouldarriveatourschoolstadiumaheadofschedule.(倒装)[实战贴士]在“so...that...”和“such...that...”结构中，当“so＋adj./adv.”及“such...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。授课提示：对应学生用书第53页[教材与高考]Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词1．阅读词汇认知①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeenpoorlystudied；however，biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000－25,000polarbearsworldwide.vt.估计②(2024·高考北京卷)Thechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.n.信号③(2024·高考天津卷)HazeMabry，whohasworkedasaschoolkeeperforthirteenyears，walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptiesgarbagecans，wipesdownbathroomsandmopswetmessesinthehallways.vt.擦，用拖把拖2．一词多义①(2024·高考天津卷)Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n)impactonourlivesinmanyways.CA．智力 B．聪慧C．智能②(2024·高考天津卷)Byopeninganovel，IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.AA．角色；人物B．品质；毅力C．(人的)性格；(事物的)特色；特性D．文字③(天津卷)Asscheduled，weparticipatedinseveralinstructiveactivities.WelearntmanyChinesecharactersandtookplentyofexercisetogether.DA．角色；人物B．品质；毅力C．(人的)性格；(事物的)特色；特性D．文字Ⅱ.语言运用高频点1．语法填空①(2024·高考江苏卷)Thespeedof6Gwillexceed125GB/s,allowingforanewgenerationofvirtualreality(real)．②(2024·高考天津卷)Wecanobservethatartificialintelligence(intelligent)hasalreadymadeanimpactonourlivesinmanyways.③(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Forthepasttwoyears，Gordon'sstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzerogravity，andtheythinkthey'reclosetoasolution(solve)．④(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Don'tsharepersonal(person)informationorstories.⑤(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Joinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexploration(explore)intheheartofWashington，D.C.2．完形填空①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Theabsolutemostimportantskillthatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegooddecisions.Oneverysinglemoveyouhavetoanalyzeasituation，processwhatyouropponent(对手)isdoingand59thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.A．announce B．signalC．block D．evaluate解析：下象棋时每走一步都必需分析局势，推断对手的走法，从全部的选择中“估计(evaluate)”出最佳的走法。announce“宣布”；signal“发出信号”；block“阻挡”。答案：D②(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Teresapostedaphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite57bythetouchingwords:“Whatablessingthisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewassosweetandkindtodothis.”A．confirmed