新高考英语二轮复习大题突破+限时集训专题02 阅读理解记叙文（解析版）

专题02阅读理解记叙文记叙文阅读理解一般作为全国卷阅读理解题的B篇，可分为传记类和故事类，主要考查作者通过写人、叙事所表达出来的某种观点，认识或情感。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文件的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间，地点，人物和发生的事件些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。Forthepast11years,83-year-oldAlMerritthasbeenareliableandcheerypresenceinhisneighborhood.Since2010,Merritthasbeentryingtoachievethemissiontocyclethecircumference(周长)oftheEarth—24,901miles—withouteverleavinghisownneighborhood.Asaresult,Merrittgottoknowmanyofhisneighbors.UpuntilOctober24,(2021),heneverrealizedthathisdailybicycletripswereasimportanttothemastheyweretohim.At3p.m.,nearly200peoplegatherednearhishometosurpriseandcongratulateMerrittontheendingofhis“round-the-world”adventure,andalargetrophy(奖杯)wasplacedinhisarms.“It’sjustunbelievable.Icouldn’thaveimaginedanythinglikethis,”hesaid.11yearsago,whenhissonKevinbroughtabike,Alstartedcyclingaround.Atfirst,hisrideswereaboutfivemileslong,then10to12miles,andgraduallythelengthofhisoutingsgrew.Astimewentby,hebegantothinkbig-thecircumferenceoftheEarth.Bytheendof2020,hehadcovered21,565milesintotalandknewhecouldcompletehisgoalbytheendof2021.TherewasnocelebrationofthegoalplanneduntilNatalieLondonandTaylorPlecitycamealong.TheywerevisitingLondon’smomwhenMerrittflewbyonhisbike.Attractedbyhisstory,theywalkedovertointroducethemselves.WhentheydiscoveredMerrittwasjustweeksawayfromcompletinghisgoal,theyaskediftheycouldfilmashortdocumentary.“Wewantedtotellthestoryofthisguy.WhatMerrittrepresentsishowanindividual’ssmallactscanchangeanentirecommunity,”saidLondon.TocelebratethecompletionofMerritt’scy-clinggoal,theysecretlyprintedupflyersandplacedthemondoorstepsforseveralblocks.Buteventheyweresurprisedatthehugecrowdthatgathered.AlthoughMerritthasnowachievedhisgoal,hehasnoplanstochangetheroutinethathasbe-comethehighlightofhisdailylife.1．WhatcanweknowaboutAlMerritt?A．Hebicycleswithlotsofneighbors. B．Hebeganhistaskduringhisseventies.C．Hewasawardedatrophybyhisclub. D．Hevisitedvariousplacesaroundtheworld.2．HowdidMerrittgettheideaof“round-the-world”adventure?A．Hewaspersuadedbyneighbors. B．Hissonmadeapracticalsuggestion.C．Hisphysicalcapabilityimprovedgradually. D．Hewatchedaninspiringdocumentary.3．What’sthepurposeoffilmingthisshortdocumentary?A．Toshareunforgettableexperiences. B．Topromoteahealthyoutdoorsport.C．Tostimulatepositivelifeattitudes. D．Toshowaharmoniouscommunity.4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Aseniorbikeracer. B．Anunexpectedharvest.C．Asuccessfulbigadventure. D．Aneighborhoodinspiration.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了83岁的阿尔·梅里特在他的社区里一直是一个可靠而愉快的存在。在不离开自己的社区的情况下，他完成了“环球”骑行——24901英里。这一壮举鼓舞了社区所有的人。1．B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Forthepast11years,83-year-oldAlMerritthasbeenareliableandcheerypresenceinhisneighborhood.(在过去的11年里，83岁的阿尔·梅里特(AlMerritt)在他的社区里一直是一个可靠而愉快的存在。)”可知，83岁的阿尔·梅里特在11年前，也就是他70多岁时就开始进行这项任务。。故选B。2．C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Atfirst,hisrideswereaboutfivemileslong,then10to12miles,andgraduallythelengthofhisoutingsgrew.Astimewentby,hebegantothinkbig—thecircumferenceoftheEarth.(一开始，他骑的车大约5英里长，然后是10到12英里，慢慢地，他骑的车越来越长。随着时间的流逝，他开始考虑更大的目标——地球的周长。)”可知，是他的体能逐渐提高，使他产生“环球”冒险的想法的。故选C。3．C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Wewantedtotellthestoryofthisguy.WhatMerrittrepresentsishowanindividual’ssmallactscanchangeanentirecommunity(我们想讲述这个人的故事。梅里特所代表的是一个人的小行为如何改变整个社会)”可推知，拍摄这部纪录片短片的目的是激发积极的生活态度。故选C。4．D【解析】主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了83岁的阿尔·梅里特在他的社区里一直是一个可靠而愉快的存在。在不离开自己的社区的情况下，他完成了“环球”骑行——24901英里。这一壮举鼓舞了社区所有的人。由此推知，D选项“一个社区的鼓舞人心的人物”能概括全文内容。故选D。记叙文阅读理解解题技巧：一、事实的细节题对于事实细节题，剖析一下不难看出，事实细节的内容不会单独出现，它总会与前后的段落内容相呼应，考生只要抓住整体大侧，看懂主题，利用内容间的因果关系，通过时间空间的关系转接，并对细节进行深入的剖析理解，确定主题，将零碎的细节组成一个有机整体，就被深刻理解材料的内容，从而轻松解决问题。二、词句理解题词句理解题主要讲究的是理解题意，通过短文的词、短语或句子的理解来充分理解题意，碰到不熟悉的词语要避过，先略读再通读、仔细推敲，尤其是对语境的理解要准确。三、推理断题题推理判断题最主要的就是注重文章结构的物关系，抓住关键词，结合有关的生活和杜会常识，理清文章的结构层次，文章内容和文章的中心思想，推断作者的写作意图。归纳概括题适合这类题型的阅读理解通常具体反映在文章的题目或一段短文的小标题上很多文章从一开头就直球说出观点，表达中心思想，所以对于这类题型，一定要注意主题句和主题段，段与段之间的关系，注意隐藏的中心思想，准确了解文章结构，把握句与句之间的关系，注重逻辑关系，把握住文章的脉络。一、IhavelivedinruralAmericafornineyears,firstinMichigan,whereIgotmyPhD;thenincentralIllinoisandnowinIndiana,whereIamaprofessor.Inaplacewheremostpeoplehavelivedthewholeoftheirlives,Ifeellikeastranger.TherearefewthingsIenjoymorethancomplainingaboutmygeographicisolation.I’mavegetarian,sothere’snowheretogoforanicedinnerthatisn’t50milesaway.I’mblack,sothere’snowheretogetmyhairdonethatdoesn’tinvolveanother50-miledrive.Andtheclosestmajorairportistwohoursaway.Irecitethesegripestomyfriends.Weallhavegrandideasaboutwhatlifewouldbelikeifonlywedidthat,orlivedthere.Andthere’sthis;Ireallydon’tintendtochangemostofthethingsIcomplainabout.Gripingisseductiveonthosedayswhenhappinessrequirestoomuchenergy.ButitalsomakesmelosesightofthefactthatIwasbornandgrewupinNebraskaandhavelivedmostofmylifeinoneoftheplainsstates.WhenIgotothecoasts,Iamstruckbyhowunappealingbig-citylivingcanbe.WhileImaynotlovewhereIlive,thereareplentyofpeoplewhoareproudtocallthisplacehome.Atapartywithcolleagues,IwasgoingonabouteverythingIcouldn’tstandinourtownwhenInoticedthattheyweresilentandshiftinguncomfortably.Thatmomentforcedachangeinme.Complainingmayofferrelief,butsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingongripes,Iriskmissingoutonpreciousmomentsofappreciation.WhenIgethome,Istandonmybalcony,lookintothenightskyandseethestars.IknowthatIhaveabsolutelynothingtocomplainabout.1．Whatcausestheauthor’sloneliness?A．Dietaryhabits. B．Racialprejudice.C．Educationaldifferences. D．Identityconfusion.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“seductive”meaninparagraph3?A．Attractive. B．Temporary. C．Violent. D．Flexible.3．Howmighttheauthorfeelabouthimselfwhentheatmospherechangedataparty?A．Humbled. B．Angry. C．Touched. D．Calm.4．Whatdoestheauthorrealizeintheend?A．Everydayisbeautiful. B．WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.C．Humanmustvaluelivesthemselves. D．Don’tbepennywiseandpoundfoolish.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了作者来到陌生的地方工作，遇到了各种不适应，开始抱怨，结果最终认识到没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，自己可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。1．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“IhavelivedinruralAmericafornineyears,firstinMichigan,whereIgotmyPhD;thenincentralIllinoisandnowinIndiana,whereIamaprofessor.Inaplacewheremostpeoplehavelivedthewholeoftheirlives,Ifeellikeastranger.TherearefewthingsIenjoymorethancomplainingaboutmygeographicisolation.I’mavegetarian,sothere’snowheretogoforanicedinnerthatisn’t50milesaway.I’mblack,sothere’snowheretogetmyhairdonethatdoesn’tinvolveanother50-miledrive.(我在美国农村生活了9年，先是在密歇根州，我在那里拿到了博士学位；然后在伊利诺伊州中部，现在在印第安纳州，我是那里的教授。在一个大多数人一生都在生活的地方，我觉得自己像个陌生人。没有什么比抱怨地理上的孤立更让我享受的了。我是个素食主义者，所以不到50英里的地方就找不到好吃的了。我是黑人，所以要做头发就得再开50英里的车)”可知，作者在美国的几个地方生活过，且是黑人。由此可知，身份混乱导致了作者的孤独。故选D。2．A【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“onthosedayswhenhappinessrequirestoomuchenergy”可知，在那些快乐需要太多精力的日子里，抱怨是有吸引力的，因为不需要太多精力。故画线词意思是“有吸引力的”。故选A。3．D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Atapartywithcolleagues,IwasgoingonabouteverythingIcouldn’tstandinourtownwhenInoticedthattheyweresilentandshiftinguncomfortably.Thatmomentforcedachangeinme.Complainingmayofferrelief,butsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingongripes,Iriskmissingoutonpreciousmomentsofappreciation.WhenIgethome,Istandonmybalcony,lookintothenightskyandseethestars.IknowthatIhaveabsolutelynothingtocomplainabout.(在一次与同事的聚会上，我正滔滔不绝地谈论着镇上所有我无法忍受的事情，这时我注意到他们都沉默不语，不安地移动着身子。那一刻迫使我改变了。抱怨可能会让你放松，但接受也一样。没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，我可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。当我回到家，我站在阳台上，仰望夜空，看星星。我知道我完全没有什么可抱怨的)”可知，当聚会的气氛发生变化时，作者冷静了，开始思考自己的行为会带来的不良后果。故选D。4．D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Complainingmayofferrelief,butsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingongripes,Iriskmissingoutonpreciousmomentsofappreciation.WhenIgethome,Istandonmybalcony,lookintothenightskyandseethestars.IknowthatIhaveabsolutelynothingtocomplainabout.(抱怨可能会让你放松，但接受也一样。没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，我可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。当我回到家，我站在阳台上，仰望夜空，看星星。我知道我完全没有什么可抱怨的)”推知，作者最后意识到不要因小失大。故选D。二、Severalyearsago,acousinIhadlosttouchwithsinceIwasateenagerdroppedbymyhouse.Atthelivingroomentrance,hestoppedindeadsilence,hiseyesfixedonthebookshelvescoveringtheentirebackwall.“Haveyoureadthemall?”heaskedme,almostfrightened.“Yes,”Isaid,“justabout.”Heshookhisheadinsilence,asifthiswasafeat(技艺)thathaddemandedsomeeffort.Asforhim,hehadhadtoleaveschoolatfourteen,workingwhereverhecould.Hisfamilydidnothavebooks.IonlyeverrecalledseeingthecomicbookTarzanlyingaroundonthetable.Ioftenrecallthisscenewithmycousinwithunease.Ithidesanotherviolentone.Iwasbetweenfifteenandeighteenyearsold.Imusthaveblamedmyfatherfor“notbeinginterestedinanything”,forreadingonlyParis-Normandie,thelocalnewspaper.Usuallysocalmandtolerantregardingtherudenessofhisonlydaughter,herepliedseriously,“Booksaregoodforyou.Butasforme,Idon’tneedthemtolive.”Thesewordsstretchacrosstime,fixedinsideme,likeapainandanunbearablereality.Iunderstoodverywellwhatmyfathermeant.ReadingAlexanderDumas,Flaubert,Camuswouldnothaveservedanypracticalpurposeinhisworkasacafeowner.Ontheotherhand,inthefuturehehopedforme,hevaguelyknewthatbooksheldweight,andthattheyformedpartofadefiningpackage—“culturalbaggage”—thatincludedthetheatre,theoperaandwintersports—asuperiorsocialworld.Iunderstoodallthatanditwasunacceptable.Irefusedtothinkthattheworldofbookswouldstayforeverclosedtothehumanbeingwhowasdearesttome.AsIthinkaboutreasonsforreading,myfather’swordscomebacktomeinsistently,likeapersonalandunsolvablecontradiction.No,toreadisnottolivebutIhavealwayslivedwithbooks.5．WhatdoesParagraph1tellusaboutthewriter?A．Herhavingreadmanybooksamazedhercousin.B．Hercousinquitschoolearlyandhadnobooksatall.C．Shecompletelyfinishedreadingthebooksontheshelves.D．Hercousinwasfrightenedtodeathuponseeingthebooks.6．Whatdoes“one”refertoinParagraph2?A．Anidea. B．Anemotion.C．Ascene. D．Arelative.7．Whatcan’tthewriteraccept?A．Thebittermemoryofaviolentchildhood.B．Thestricttoneinwhichherfatherspoke.C．Thefearoffallingshortofherfather’sexpectations.D．Herfather’signoranceoftheimportanceofreading.8．Whatisthepassagegoingtotalkaboutnext?A．Whythewriterenjoysreadingbooks.B．Whatseparatesthewriterfromothers.C．Whatthewriter’sfatherreallymeant.D．Howotherconflictserupted.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜爱阅读并且读了很多书，在文章中作者回忆了几年前她的堂/表兄弟知道她差不多读完整面墙的书后非常吃惊的场景，以及作者与父亲在阅读这一问题上的分歧。5．A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Severalyearsago,acousinIhadlosttouchwithsinceIwasateenagerdroppedbymyhouse.Atthelivingroomentrance,hestoppedindeadsilence,hiseyesfixedonthebookshelvescoveringtheentirebackwall.‘Haveyoureadthemall?’heaskedme,almostfrightened.‘Yes,’Isaid,‘justabout’.Heshookhisheadinsilence,asifthiswasafeat(技艺)thathaddemandedsomeeffort.Asforhim,hehadhadtoleaveschoolatfourteen,workingwhereverhecould.Hisfamilydidnothavebooks.IonlyeverrecalledseeingthecomicbookTarzanlyingaroundonthetable.(几年前，一位从我十几岁起就失去联系的堂/表兄弟来我家拜访。在客厅门口，他沉默地停了下来，眼睛盯着覆盖整个后墙上的书架。‘你都读过了吗？’他问我，几乎吓坏了。‘是的，’我说，‘差不多。’他默默地摇了摇头，仿佛这是一项需要付出一些努力的壮举。至于他，他不得不在十四岁时离开学校，在任何他能工作的地方工作。他家没有书。我只记得在桌子上看到过漫画书Tarzan。)”可知，第一段主要阐述的是作者的堂/表兄弟在知道作者差不多读完了整墙的书后感到非常吃惊，故选A。6．C【解析】词义猜测题。one作代词时，表示泛指，既可指人，可指物，常用来代替上文出现过的单数名词，以避免重复。根据第二段中“one”所在句的上一句“Ioftenrecallthisscenewithmycousinwithunease.(我经常不安地回忆起和表哥的这一场景。)”以及下文“Iwasbetweenfifteenandeighteenyearsold.Imusthaveblamedmyfatherfor‘notbeinginterestedinanything’,forreadingonlyParis-Normandie,thelocalnewspaper.Usuallysocalmandtolerantregardingtherudenessofhisonlydaughter,herepliedseriously,‘Booksaregoodforyou.Butasforme,Idon’tneedthemtolive.’(我当时在十五到十八岁之间。我一定责怪父亲‘对什么都不感兴趣’，只看当地的Paris-Normandie报纸。对于他唯一的女儿的无礼，他通常是那么冷静和宽容，他严肃地回答说：‘书对你有好处。但对我来说，我不需要他们活着。’)”可知“Ithidesanotherviolentone.”中“anotherviolentone”指的是作者和父亲就读书产生意见分歧的场景，这个“one”指“一个场景（ascene）”；故选C。7．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Usuallysocalmandtolerantregardingtherudenessofhisonlydaughter,herepliedseriously,‘Booksaregoodforyou.Butasforme,Idon’tneedthemtolive.’(对于他唯一的女儿的无礼，他通常是那么冷静和宽容，他严肃地回答说：‘书对你有好处。但对我来说，我不需要他们活着。’)”以及第三段“Thesewordsstretchacrosstime,fixedinsideme,likeapainandanunbearablereality.Iunderstoodverywellwhatmyfathermeant.ReadingAlexanderDumas,Flaubert,Camuswouldnothaveservedanypracticalpurposeinhisworkasacafeowner.Ontheotherhand,inthefuturehehopedforme,hevaguelyknewthatbooksheldweight,andthattheyformedpartofadefiningpackage—‘culturalbaggage’—thatincludedthetheatre,theoperaandwintersports—asuperiorsocialworld.Iunderstoodallthatanditwasunacceptable.Irefusedtothinkthattheworldofbookswouldstayforeverclosedtothehumanbeingwhowasdearesttome.(这些话跨越时间，固定在我心里，就像一种痛苦和无法忍受的现实。我非常理解父亲的意思。读大仲马、福楼拜、加缪的书对他开咖啡馆的工作没有任何实际意义。另一方面，在他对我的未来所寄予的期望中，他隐约知道书籍是有分量的，它们构成了一个决定性的包裹——‘文化包袱’——包括剧院、歌剧和冬季运动——一个优越的社会世界。我明白这一切，这是不可接受的。我不认为书的世界会永远对我最亲爱的人关闭。)”可知，作者不能接受父亲不知道阅读的重要性，不去阅读。故选D。8．A【解析】推理判断题。文章最后一段“AsIthinkaboutreasonsforreading,myfather’swordscomebacktomeinsistently,likeapersonalandunsolvablecontradiction.No,toreadisnottolivebutIhavealwayslivedwithbooks.(当我思考阅读的理由时，父亲的话不断地浮现在我的脑海中，就像一个无法解决的个人矛盾。不，读书不是为了活着，但我一直与书生活在一起。)”可推断，作者接下来会讲述自己的阅读经历以及喜爱阅读的理由。故选A。一、（2022·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考三模）DozensofseaturtlesswimpastasIdive.Suddenlyadivercutsmeoff.Thenanother.“Hey!”Ithink.“Watchwhereyou’regoing!”ThenIrealize:Thesearen’tdivers.Theyaresealions!Thecreaturesblowbubblesatmeandthegroupof11kidsI’monvocationswith,hittingusslightlyonourbacks.Tonotbotherthemmuch,wetearourselvesawayfromthewonderland.WetakethistriptotheGalapagosIslands,agroupoftropicalislandscrossingtheequator.OurhotelisaboatcalledtheEclipsethathasapool.Humansaren’tallowedtoliveonmostoftheislands.Theonlywaypeoplecanexperiencethemagicofthisplaceandmeetanimalsonalltheislandsisby“panga”.“OursmallmotorboatismoreimportantthantheEclipse.It’sverysafe,”saysalocalguide,Fielsch.Lackofhumanthreatmakestheanimalsfriendly.“Theydon’tknowenoughtobescaredofhumans.”Ourgroupexperiencethatfirsthand.Whenwereturnafterourdivingadventure,wefindsealionslyingnexttoourbackpacks!Walkingalongthesand,weseemorewildlife:seals,redcrabs,orcas.Thefollowingmorning,wereachFernandinaIsland,knownforitsvolcano.Flightlessbirdscalledcormorantsbuildnestsontherocks.NearbyareGalapagospenguins.Averagingabout19inchesinheight,they’rethesecondsmallestspeciesofpenguinintheworld.“TheGalapagosaresocurious,”says12-year-oldHarry.“You’vegotpenguinslivingfarfromthefrozenSouthPole,andbirdsthatdon’tfly!”Aswerideback,sixpenguinsstandlikesoldiers,seemingtosaygoodbye.It’sourlastday;noneofuswantstoleavethisplace.Weknowthistriphasbeenamilestoneforus.Amarkedshiftinourattitudestowardsthenaturalworldisunderway.“TheGalapagosIslandsseemtobreaktheworld’srules,”saysHarry.“Morethanever,I’minterestedinsavingtheenvironment.Theseanimalstrulyneedourcare,”hissisterHannahadds.1．Howdoestheauthorfindthedivingexperience?A．Attractive. B．Disturbing.C．Dangerous. D．Valuable.2．What’sthefunctionof“panga”?A．Toprotectpeoplefromdanger.B．Toprovideashelterforlocalpeople.C．Toguidepeopleinseeingtheanimals.D．Totransportpeopletoeachoftheislands.3．What’sspecialaboutGalapagospenguins?A．Theyarenotabletofly.B．Theyremainhiddenfromview.C．Theyliveinatropicalclimate.D．They’rethesmallestoftheirkind.4．Whyisthetripconsideredamilestonefortheauthor’sgroup?A．Itexpandstheirknowledgeoftheworld.B．Itchangesthewaytheythinkaboutnature.C．Itinspiresthemtoprotecttheenvironment.D．Itenablesthemtointeractwithvariouswildlife.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了到加帕拉格斯岛旅行的经历，这次旅行对作者的团队来说是一个里程碑，它改变了他们对自然的看法。1．A【解析】观点态度题。根据第一段最后一句话“Tonotbotherthemmuch,wetearourselvesawayfromthewonderland.(为了不打扰它们，我们离开了仙境)”可知，作者认为这次潜水的地方简直是个仙境。由此可推知，这次潜水的经历是很有吸引力的。故选A。2．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第四、五句话“Theonlywaypeoplecanexperiencethemagicofthisplaceandmeetanimalsonalltheislandsisby“panga”.“OursmallmotorboatismoreimportantthantheEclipse.(只有通过“panga”，人们才能体验这个地方的魔力，并在所有岛屿上见到动物。“我们的小型摩托艇比Eclipse更重要。它非常安全，”当地导游费尔施说)”可推知，“panga”的功能是将人们送到每个岛上。故选D。3．C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“You’vegotpenguinslivingfarfromthefrozenSouthPole,andbirdsthatdon’tfly!(有企鹅住在远离冰冻南极的地方，还有不会飞的鸟！)”可知，有些企鹅住在远离南极的地方。由此可推知，加拉帕戈斯企鹅生活在热带气候中。故选C。4．B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第四、五句话“Weknowthistriphasbeenamilestoneforus.Amarkedshiftinourattitudestowardsthenaturalworldisunderway.(我们知道这次旅行对我们来说是一个里程碑。我们对自然世界的态度正在发生显著转变)”可知，这次旅行对作者的团队来说是一个里程碑，它改变了他们对大自然的认识。故选B。二、（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）Getupat6am,arriveatthehospitalonehourearliertohelppatientscheckin,andaccompanypatientsduringconsultations…Inrecentyears,“patientescorts”hasemergedasanewindustry,andthosewhohavetakenonthiscareerareknownas“peoplewhoselltime”.26-year-oldZhangTianisoneofthem.September4wasaluckydayforZhangTian.Onthisday,ZhangTiansawavideoaboutpatientescortsonashortvideoplatform.Thedailyroutineofpatientescortsshowninthevideofascinatedherandgraduallyinspiredhertotakethisonasabusiness.Shebrowsedthroughmanyplatformsandreadmultipleinformationandfoundthereindeedexistsacertaindemandforpatientescorts,especiallyfortheelderly,children,andpregnantwomen.Sinceshehadneverengagedinthiskindofworkbefore,shespenttwodaysinmajorhospitalsinWuhan,inordertofamiliarizeherselfwithallthedepartmentsondifferentfloors,aswellastheprocessesofmedicalconsultationandpreparationforsurgery.Afterpreliminarypreparatory(预备的)work,ZhangTianpostedavideoofmyself-introductiononmajorsocialplatforms,talkingaboutthehelpandservicesapatientescortprovides,aswellassometipsforaquickandconvenientmedicalconsultation.Atfirst,shewasalittleworriedthathervideowouldgounnoticed.However,aftersheuploadedthevideo,itgotover100likesandshereceivedherfirsteverofferasapatientescort.Thememoryofherfirsttaskisstillaliveandfreshinhermind.ShereceivedaphonecallonSeptember9fromamanwhosefatherwasseriouslyillandmightneedsurgery.HewantedZhangTiantoaccompanyhisfatherthroughhisconsultationandtreatment.”ZhangTianmadefullpreparationsbeforemeetingherfirstclientanddidaverygoodjobdespitehernervousness.“Later,thefamilyexpressedtheirgratitudetomeoverandoveragain,whichwarmedmyheartandgavemeasenseofachievement.”ZhangTiansaid.5．Whatdopatientescortsdo?A．Theyassistdoctorsinhospitals.B．Theyarriveathospitalsearlytocheckin.C．Theytakeonthiscareertoselltheirtime.D．Theyhelppatientsgettreatedinhospitals.6．September4wasaluckydayforZhangTianbecause______.A．sheenjoyedseeinganinterestingvideoB．shegotinspirationforherowncareerC．shefoundademandformedicalworkersD．shewaswellreceivedonsocialplatforms7．HowdidZhangTiangetherfirstclient?A．Shegotfamiliarwiththeroutineworkinhospitals.B．Shespenttwodaysinmajorhospitalstomeetpatients.C．Hervideoonsocialplatformsattractedherfirstclient.D．Theman’sfatherwasseriouslyillandmightneedasurgery.8．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeZhangTian?A．Hardworkingandconsiderate. B．Humorousandcareful.C．Ambitiousandimaginative. D．Talkativeandpositive.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一个新行业“患者陪护”的代表张天，在社交平台上谈论陪护患者提供的帮助和服务，获得了社会的热烈关注。“患者陪护”带给了她成就感和满足感，并激励着她不断向前。5．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Getupat6am,arriveatthehospitalonehourearliertohelppatientscheckin,andaccompanypatientsduringconsultations…Inrecentyears,“patientescorts”hasemergedasanewindustry,andthosewhohavetakenonthiscareerareknownas“peoplewhoselltime”.(每天早上6点起床，提前1小时到医院帮病人办理入住，陪病人会诊……近年来，“患者陪护”成为一个新兴行业，从事这一职业的人被称为“卖时间的人”。)”可知，“患者陪护”的指责为帮助病人更好地在医院接受治疗。故选D。6．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“September4wasaluckydayforZhangTian.Onthisday,ZhangTiansawavideoaboutpatientescortsonashortvideoplatform.Thedailyroutineofpatientescortsshowninthevideofascinatedherandgraduallyinspiredhertotakethisonasabusiness.(9月4日是张天的幸运日。这一天，张田在一个短视频平台上看到了一个关于病人陪护的视频。视频中显示的病人陪护的日常生活让她着迷，并逐渐激励她将其作为一项业务。)”可知，9月4日对张天来说是幸运的一天，因为她为自己的事业找到了灵感。故选B。7．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterpreliminarypreparatory(预备的)work,ZhangTianpostedavideoofmyself-introductiononmajorsocialplatforms,talkingaboutthehelpandservicesapatientescortprovides,aswellassometipsforaquickandconvenientmedicalconsultation.Atfirst,shewasalittleworriedthathervideowouldgounnoticed.However,aftersheuploadedthevideo,itgotover100likesandshereceivedherfirsteverofferasapatientescort.(经过前期的准备工作，张天在各大社交平台上发布了我的自我介绍视频，讲述了陪护病人所能提供的帮助和服务，以及快速便捷就医的一些技巧。起初，她有点担心她的视频不会被注意到。然而，在她上传视频后，获得了100多个赞，她还得到了人生中第一个“患者陪护”的工作机会。)”可知，张天在社交平台上的视频吸引了她的第一个客户。故选C。8．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Getupat6am,arriveatthehospitalonehourearliertohelppatientscheckin,andaccompanypatientsduringconsultations…(每天早上6点起床，提前1小时到医院帮病人办理入住，陪病人会诊……)”和第二段“Shebrowsedthroughmanyplatformsandreadmultipleinformationandfoundthereindeedexistsacertaindemandforpatientescorts,especiallyfortheelderly,children,andpregnantwomen.Sinceshehadneverengagedinthiskindofworkbefore,shespenttwodaysinmajorhospitalsinWuhan,inordertofamiliarizeherselfwithallthedepartmentsondifferentfloors,aswellastheprocessesofmedicalconsultationandpreparationforsurgery.(她浏览了许多平台，阅读了大量信息，发现确实存在一定的病人陪护需求，尤其是老人、儿童和孕妇。由于之前从未从事过这类工作，她花了两天时间在武汉各大医院，以熟悉不同楼层的各个科室，以及会诊和手术准备的流程。)”及全文可知，张天耐心学习这类工作的流程、耐心护送患者和悉心照料患者，可以表现出她具有努力工作，体贴的美好品质。故选A。三、（2022·福建泉州·统考一模）OnJuly14,2017,MaryamMirzakhani,StanfordprofessorofmathematicsandthefirstfemalewinneroftheFieldsMedalinMathematics,diedattheageof40.Thenewswasespeciallyhard-hittingforagenerationofyoungeracademicswhohavealwaysheldMaryamasarolemodelwhoseexampleishelpingredefinewomen’sstatusinscienceandespeciallymathematics.WhatwasfunwasthatMaryamalwaystriedtoavoidthemedia’sspotlight.Hermodesty(谦虚)andsimplicitydespitebeingthefirstwomantogainsuchhighstatusintheworldofmathematics—winningwhat’softencalledthe“NobelPrizeofmath”—stoodouttothosewhoknewher.Maryamoriginallywantedtobeawriter,apassionofhersthatneverfadedawayevenduringherpostgraduatestudies.However,shefoundanevengreaterjoyinhowrewardingitfelttosolvemathematicalproblems.Asastudent,shewasthefirstfemalememberofIran’snationalteamtoparticipateintheInternationalMathOlympiad(IMO),andshewontwogoldmedalsintwoyears—stillarecord.Shereceivedherbachelor’sdegreeinIranandlaterstudiedatHarvard.In2014,MaryamwasrecognizedwiththeFieldsMedal,thehighest-rankingawardinmathematics.Herworkfocusedoncurvedsurfaceslikespheres(球体).Herachievementshaveapplicationsinotherscientificfieldsincludingengineeringandmaterialscience.Unfortunately,atthattimeshewasalreadytacklingthebreastcancer.Maryam’slegend(传奇)maycontinuetogrowafterherearlydeath.Stillonly20percentoffull-timemathteachersatU.S.universitiesarewomen.Theexampleofawomanwhorosetothetopofthisstillverymalefieldmayhelpinspiremath’snextgeneration.InthesamewaypeoplethinkofMarieCurieorJaneGoodallasscientificpioneers,MaryamMirzakhaniwillgodowninhistoryasatrailblazeraswellasamathematicalgenius.9．WhatmakesMaryaminternationallyrecognised?A．Herunfadingpassionforwriting.B．Fightingagainstsexualdiscrimination.C．BeingthefirstfemaleFieldsMedalwinner.D．Comingunderthemedia’sspotlightfrequently.10．What’sMaryam’sattitudetowardsfame?A．Resistant. B．Realistic. C．Enthusiastic. D．Doubtful.11．WhatcanweknowaboutMaryam?A．ShewongoldmedalsforIraninIMO.B．Shegotherbachelor’sdegreeatHarvard.C．Sheappliedmathematicstomaterialscience.D．Sheinstructedsomefemalestudentstoreachthetop.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trailblazer”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Talent. B．Model. C．Follower. D．Pioneer.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。2017年7月14日，斯坦福大学数学教授、菲尔兹数学奖章第一位女性得主玛丽亚姆·米尔扎卡尼去世，享年40岁。文章讲述了这位伟大的女数学家的传奇一生和优秀品质。9．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“OnJuly14,2017,MaryamMirzakhani,StanfordprofessorofmathematicsandthefirstfemalewinneroftheFieldsMedalinMathematics,diedattheageof40.”(2017年7月14日，斯坦福大学数学教授、菲尔兹数学奖章第一位女性得主玛丽亚姆·米尔扎卡尼去世，享年40岁。)可知，作为第一位女性菲尔兹奖牌获得者，玛丽亚姆获得了国际认可。故选C。10．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Maryamalwaystriedtoavoidthemedia’sspotlight.”(玛丽亚姆总是试图避开媒体的聚光灯。)可知，玛丽亚姆对名声的态度是抗拒的。故选A。11．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Asastudent,shewasthefirstfemalememberofIran’snationalteamtoparticipateintheInternationalMathOlympiad(IMO),andshewontwogoldmedalsintwoyears—stillarecord.”(作为一名学生，她是伊朗国家队第一位参加国际数学奥林匹克竞赛（IMO）的女性成员，她在两年内获得了两枚金牌，这仍然是一项纪录。)可知，玛丽亚姆在国际数学奥林匹克竞赛中为伊朗赢得了金牌。故选A。12．D【解析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“InthesamewaypeoplethinkofMarieCurieorJaneGoodallasscientificpioneers”(就像人们认为玛丽·居里或简·古道尔是科学先驱那样)可知，此处是指人们认为玛丽亚姆·米尔扎卡尼也是一位数学先驱，所以trailblazer意为“先驱”。故选D。四、（2022·重庆·重庆南开中学统考模拟预测）WhenTalGolesworthywastoldheneededalifesavingheartoperationin1993,hesaidno.GolesworthyhasMarfansyndrome,ageneticconditionaffectingbodytissues.Backin1993,hisdoctortoldhimthathisaorta(主动脉)wassoenlargedthatitwouldunavoidablybreakunlessheunderwentamajorsurgery.“Theoperationreallydidn’tlookattractive,”saysGolesworthy.Whatheparticularlydidn’tlikewashavingtotakeamedicineaftertheoperationthatwouldp