湖北省咸宁市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷

咸宁市2023—2024学年度下学期高中期末考试高二英语试卷本试卷共10页，时长120分钟，满分150分。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aparty.B.Adress.C.Thewoman’smother.2.WhenwillJack’strainarrive?A.Atfive.B.Atseven.C.Atnine.3.Whatwillthewomando?A.Seekmedicalhelp.B.Waitandsee.C.Stopgoingtothegym.4.Howwillthemangotowork?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Customerandwaiter.C.Doctorandpatient.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toaskforhisticket.B.Tostophimfromsmoking.C.Toaskhimtoopenawindow.7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Onabus.C.Inarestaurant.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdayisittoday?A.Thursday.B.Friday.C.Saturday.9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Hisphoneisnotavailable.B.Hewillgotothecinematonight.C.Hebookedtheticketfromtheboxoffice.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthenewhikingpath?A.Easy,B.Difficult.C.Attractive.11.Whywillthespeakersleaveat7a.m.?A.Toseethesunrise.B.Toavoidthecrowds.C.Toenjoytheweather.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomanbring?A.Amobilephone.B.Sandwiches.C.Water.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.HowlonghasthemanlivedinChicago?A.Twoyears.B.Oneyear.C.Halfayear.14.WhatdoyouknowaboutMark?A.Heisbusy.B.Heisgenerous.C.Heisfunny.15.WhyisthemannotaspopularasMark?A.ThemandislikesMark.B.Themanisserious.C.Themanhaslivedheretoolong.16.Wheredoesthemanliketomeetpeople?A.Atwork.B.Online.C.Atparties.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatistheweatherlikeinMexicoinJanuary?A.fortable.B.Veryhot.C.Prettycold.18.WhatisthecitylifelikeinMexicoCity?A.Expensive.B.Traditional.C.Colorful.19.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkisoneofthemostattractiveplacesinMexico?A.Thecheaphotel.B.Theoldbuilding.C.Thecoast.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledo?A.Buyfruitatthemarkets.B.Putonwarmclothes.C.Takealotofmoney.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABODYPUMPBODYPUMP,atotalbodyworkoutthatwillburncalories,shapeyourentirebody,increasecorestrengthandimprovebonehealth.BODYPUMPisavailableaseithera55,45or30minuteworkout.Worldleadinginstructorswillcoachyouthroughthescientificallybackedmovesandtechniquespumpingoutencouragement,motivationandgreatmusic—helpingyouachievemuchmorethanonyourown!BODYBATStepintoaBODYBATworkoutandyou’llpunchandkickyourwaytofitness,burningupto570caloriesalongtheway.Thishighenergymartialartsinspiredworkoutistotallynoncontactandtherearenoplexmovestomaster.ALESMILLSinstructorwillchallengeyoutoupthestrengthandmotivateyoutomakethemostofeveryround.You’llreleasestress,havefunandfeellikeachamp.BODYBATisavailableaseithera55,45or30minuteworkout.BODYBATwilltrainyourwholebodyandgetyoufit,fastandstrong.Itworksyourlegs,strengthensyourarms,backandshouldersandprovidescoretraining.Youdestroycalories.developcoordinationandspeed,andfeelempowered.BODYJAMOriginatinginAuckland,NewZealand,BODYJAMisabinationofmusicanddance.BODYJAMisavailableaseithera55,45or30minuteworkout.Ifyouwanttodance,thereisnothinglikeit.Allstylesofelectronicdancemusic.It’sthesoulofBODYJAM.Thisislegal.Whetheryou’vegottwoleftfeetorfancyyourselfasBeyonce’sbackupdancer,we’vegotyourback.OursuperbLESMILLSinstructorswillleadyoutohavefun.BODYJAMdoesn’tdiscriminate,anddanceisfree,sowhat’sstoppingyou?BODYATTACKBODYATTACKisahighenergyfitnessclasswithmovesthatsuittotalbeginnerstototaladdicts.Webineathleticmovementslikerunningandjumpingwithstrengthexercisessuchaspushupsandsquats(深蹲).BODYATTACKisavailableaseithera55,45or30minuteworkout.ALESMILLSinstructorwillpumpoutenergizingtunesandleadyouthroughtheworkout—challengingyourlimitsinagoodway,burningupto555caloriesandleavingyouwithasenseofachievement.1.Ifyouareinterestedindance,whichworkoutsuitsyoubest?A.BODYPUMP. B.BODYBAT.C.BODYJAM. D.BODYATTACK.2.Whatdothefourworkshaveinmon?A.Theyallneedequipment.B.Theyarejustsuitableforathletes.C.Theyareallconductedbyinstructors.D.Theyallrequirespecialsafetymeasures.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anotice. B.Abrochure.C.Anessay. D.Atextbook.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章描述了四种不同的健身课程（BODYPUMP、BODYBAT、BODYJAM、BODYATTACK），并给出了每种课程的详细介绍、特点和持续时间。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BODYJAM部分的“OriginatinginAuckland,NewZealand,BODYJAMisabinationofmusicanddance.(BODYJAM起源于新西兰奥克兰，是一种音乐与舞蹈的结合)”可知，BODYJAM是音乐和舞蹈的结合，适合想要跳舞的人。由此可知，如果对舞蹈感兴趣，BODYJAM最适合你。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BODYPUMP部分的“Worldleadinginstructorswillcoachyouthroughthescientificallybackedmovesandtechniques(世界领先的教练将指导您通过科学支持的动作和技术)”，BODYBAT部分的“ALESMILLSinstructorwillchallengeyoutoupthestrengthandmotivateyoutomakethemostofeveryround.(一位LESMILLS教练会挑战你提高力量，并激励你充分利用每一轮（的锻炼）)”，BODYJAM部分的“OursuperbLESMILLSinstructorswillleadyoutohavefun.(我们一流的LESMILLS教练将带领你玩得开心)”和BODYATTACK部分的“ALESMILLSinstructorwillpumpoutenergizingtunesandleadyouthroughtheworkout—challengingyourlimitsinagoodway(一位LESMILLS教练将为你播放充满活力的音乐，引导你完成锻炼——以一种好的方式挑战你的极限)”可知，四个工作的共同点是都有教练指导。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。文章描述了四种不同的健身课程（BODYPUMP、BODYBAT、BODYJAM、BODYATTACK），并给出了每种课程的详细介绍、特点和持续时间，这些都是宣传册中常见的内容。由此推知，文章最有可能出自一本宣传手册。故选B。BAliceHowlandleadsabusylife.She’safamousprofessorofpsychologyatHarvardUniversityandalsoingreatdemandasaspeakeratseminarsandconferences.Asthestorybegins,AlicehastraveledtoStanfordUniversitytogiveatalk.Shebeginssharinginformationthatshehassharedathousandtimesbefore;sheneedsnonotes.Thensuddenly,awordescapesfromher.Thepauseseemstolastforeverwhileshestrugglestofindtheword.Finally,sheclumsilyusestheword“stuff”andcontinues,thinkingtheslipisduetothejetlagasshefinisheshertalk.Backhome,Alicedecidestogoforarun.Shefollowsafamiliarroute,butoutoftheblue(出乎意外)itisn’tfamiliar.SheknowssheisinHarvardSquarebuthasnoideawhichwayishome.Shebeginstopanic.Thenassuddenlyashersenseofdirectionlefther,it’sbackagain.Sherapidlywalksthedistancetoherhouse.Alicecontinuestoexperienceothersmallmistakesnowandthen.Butitisn’tuntiltheybeemoreandmorefrequentthatshehasaseriesoftestsconfirmingthatshehasearlyonsetAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔兹海默症).AsAlice’sconditionworsens,shelosestheabilitytoenjoybooksandmoviesbecauseshecannolongerfollowtheplots.Shedoesn’tknowhowtospendherdays.Theoncefamousexpertinlinguistics(语言学),whowasusedtoabusyschedule,suddenlyhasnothingreallytodo.Shedependsonherhusband,John,andtheirthreegrownchildren,butshelosestouchwitheveryoneelse.AlthoughlifewasdisappearingforAlice,itwasmovingonforherfamily.Anna,oneofherdaughters,hastwins.Alice’shusband,asuccessfulscientistinhisownfield,decidestoacceptapositioninNewYorkCityandmovethereleavingAlicewiththeirchildren.Notlongbeforeheleaves,JohntakesAlicetotheirbeachhouseforonelastvacation.Whilethere,AlicehasaclearmomentandtellsJohnthatsheremembershimandthatshewassmartonce.Johnassuresherthatsheisthesmartestpersonhehaseverknown,andAlicerepliesthatshemissesherself.WithJohngone,anurseestotakecareofAlice,whonolongerrecognizesherownchildren.Herdaughtershelpcareforhereveryday.4.WhatdoesAlicethinkcauseshermistakewhengivingatalkatStanfordUniversity?A.Thelongplanetrip. B.Herclumsiness.C.Herforgettingthenotes. D.Thebusyschedule.5.WhatdoesAlicefeelwhenshefirstgetslostinherneighborhood?A.Embarrassed. B.Frightened.C.Thrilled. D.Annoyed.6.HowdoesAlicerealizeshemaybeill?A.Shecan’tenjoybooksandmovies.B.Shegetslostwhilejogging.C.HerhusbanddecidestogotoNewYork.D.Shekeepsforgettingfamiliarthings.7.WhydoesAlicesay“shemissesherself”?A.Shecan’trememberherself.B.Sheblamesherhusband.C.Sheisquitelonelyeveryday.DShefeelssorryforherself.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了哈佛大学著名心理学教授爱丽丝从发现阿尔兹海默症到确诊，再到病情恶化的过程，以及家庭成员对此的反应和对她的支持。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Finally,sheclumsilyusestheword“stuff”andcontinues,thinkingtheslipisduetothejetlagasshefinisheshertalk.(最后，她笨拙地使用了“stuff”这个词，继续讲下去，认为这次口误是由于时差造成的)”可知，爱丽丝认为她在斯坦福大学演讲时出现的失误是由长途飞行引起的时差效应。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“SheknowssheisinHarvardSquarebuthasnoideawhichwayishome.Shebeginstopanic.(她知道自己在哈佛广场，但不知道回家的路在哪。她开始惊慌失措)”可知，当爱丽丝第一次在她熟悉的社区里迷路时，她感到害怕。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Backhome,Alicedecidestogoforarun.Shefollowsafamiliarroute,butoutoftheblue( 出乎意外 )itisn’tfamiliar.SheknowssheisinHarvardSquarebuthasnoideawhichwayishome.Shebeginstopanic.Thenassuddenlyashersenseofdirectionlefther,it’sbackagain.Sherapidlywalksthedistancetoherhouse.(回到家中，爱丽丝决定去跑步。她沿着熟悉的路线前进，但突然之间，这条路变得陌生起来。她知道自己身处哈佛广场，但却不知道回家的方向。她开始恐慌。然后，正如她的方向感突然消失一样，它又突然回来了。她迅速步行回到了家)”及第四段“Alicecontinuestoexperienceothersmallmistakesnowandthen.Butitisn’tuntiltheybeemoreandmorefrequentthatshehasaseriesoftestsconfirmingthatshehasearlyonsetAlzheimer’sdisease.(爱丽丝时不时会犯一些小错误。但直到这些错误变得越来越频繁时，她才进行了一系列检查，证实她患有早发性阿尔茨海默病)”可知，爱丽丝意识到她可能生病是因为她不断忘记熟悉的事情。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whilethere,AlicehasaclearmomentandtellsJohnthatsheremembershimandthatshewassmartonce.Johnassuresherthatsheisthesmartestpersonhehaseverknown,andAlicerepliesthatshemissesherself.(在那里，爱丽丝有一刻头脑清晰，告诉约翰她记得他，记得自己曾经很聪明。约翰向她保证，她是他所认识的最聪明的人，而爱丽丝则回应说她想念过去的自己)”可推知，爱丽丝说“她想念自己”是因为她对自己现在的状况感到遗憾，她怀念过去聪明、有能力的自己。故选D项。CAllauthoritiesonthestyleofEnglishessaysagreethatgoodwritingisbrief.Carefulwriterssaywhattheymeaninasfewwordsaspossible.AclassicstatementofthisprincipleappearsinthefamouslittlebookofWilliamStrunk,Jr.,andE.B.White,TheElementsofStyle:“Vigorous(有力的)writingisbrief.Asentenceshouldcontainnounnecessarywords,aparagraphnounnecessarysentences,forthesamereasonthatadrawingshouldhavenounnecessarylinesandamachinenounnecessaryparts.”Itfollowsthatanywordswhichperformnousefulfunctioninthesentence—thatis,whichaddnothingtothemeaning—shouldbeeditedout.AlmosteverytextthathasbeentranslatedintoEnglishfromChinese,(orthathasbeenwrittendirectlyinEnglishbyanativespeakerofChinese)containsunnecessarywords.Drafttranslationsaremonlyfullofthem,andevenpolishedfinalversionsarerarelyfreeofthem.ReadanythingthathasbeenpublishedinEnglishforforeignreaders—amagazinearticle,anewsstory,anadvertisement—andyouarelikelytofindunnecessarywords.ReadeventheshortestofEnglishtexts——thelabelonafoodproduct,abillboardonthestreet,’:panynameonthefrontofabuilding—and,ifyouareonthealerttorecognizethechancesarethatyouwillfindwordsthatcouldandshouldhavebeenleftout.UnnecessarywordsarethetypicalqualityofChinglish.Unnecessarywordscanbeanypartofspeech—nouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbprepositions,articles(冠词),andsoon.Inthefollowingchaptersweshallconsidertheimportanttypes,startingwithunnecessarynounsandverbs,whichoftengohandinhand.8.WhatdoesthebookTheElementsofStyleadvocate?A.Asentenceshouldbeasshortaspossible. B.Unnecessarywordsshouldn’tbeinasentence.C.Adrawingshouldhavevividcolors. D.Amachineshouldfunctionperfectly.9.Whatisthemainideaofthelastthreeparagraphs?A.Unnecessarywordsisamonissue.B.OnlyChinglishcontainsunnecessarywords.C.Readersshouldbecarefulaboutunnecessarywords.D.Polishedsentencescouldavoidunnecessarywords.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsunnecessarywords?A.Tolerant. B.Critical. C.Indifferent. D.Uncertain.11.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingdoesn’tcontainunnecessarywords?A....toacceleratethespeedofeconomicreform.B....therehavebeengoodharvestsinagriculture.C.Weshouldadoptaseriesofmeasurestoensurethat.D....livingstandardsinurbanandruralareascontinuedtorise.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英文写作中多余的词的问题，列举了哪些词是多余的词。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Asentenceshouldcontainnounnecessarywords,aparagraphnounnecessarysentences,forthesamereasonthatadrawingshouldhavenounnecessarylinesandamachinenounnecessaryparts.(一个句子不能有多余的单词，一个段落不能有多余的句子，就像一幅画不能有多余的线条，一台机器不能有多余的零件一样)”可知，《风格的要素》这本书提倡不需要的词不应该出现在句子里。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段“AlmosteverytextthathasbeentranslatedintoEnglishfromChinese,(orthathasbeenwrittendirectlyinEnglishbyanativespeakerofChinese)containsunnecessarywords.(几乎每一篇从中文翻译成英文的文章(或由以中文为母语的人直接用英文写成的文章)都含有不必要的词)”；倒数第二段“ReadanythingthathasbeenpublishedinEnglishforforeignreaders—amagazinearticle,anewsstory,anadvertisement—andyouarelikelytofindunnecessarywords.(阅读任何为外国读者发表的英文文章——一篇杂志文章、一篇新闻报道、一则广告——你很可能会发现不必要的单词)”以及最后一段“Unnecessarywordscanbeanypartofspeech—nouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbprepositions,articles(冠词),andsoon.(不需要的词可以是言语的任何部分——名词、动词、形容词、副词介词、冠词等等)”可知，最后三段的主旨是多余的单词是一个常见的问题。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inthefollowingchaptersweshallconsidertheimportanttypes,startingwithunnecessarynounsandverbs,whichoftengohandinhand.(在接下来的章节中，我们将考虑重要的类型，从不必要的名词和动词开始，它们通常是齐头并进的)”可知，作者认为多余的词语至关重要。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Itfollowsthatanywordswhichperformnousefulfunctioninthesentence—thatis,whichaddnothingtothemeaning—shouldbeeditedout.(由此可见，任何在句子中不起任何作用的词——也就是说，对句子的意思没有任何增加作用的词——都应该被删去)”最后一段“Unnecessarywordscanbeanypartofspeech—nouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbprepositions,articles(冠词),andsoon.(不需要的词可以是言语的任何部分——名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、冠词等等)”可知，A选项名词speed多余、B选项agriculture多余；C选项that多余，D选项不包含不必要的单词。故选D。DSeveralyearsago,notlongafterweweledapuppyintothefamily,myshoulderbecamestiff(僵硬)andsore.Itquicklychangedinto“frozen.shoulder”—aconditionthatmonlystrikeswomenintheir40sandcanbetriggered(触发)byrepetitivepressure.Iassumeditwasfromthedogsconstantlypullingontheirleadslikeanoutofcontrolyoyo(溜溜球).Myhusbandofnearlytwodecadeswas,ofcourse,sympatheticabouttheburningpainthatshotdownmyarmwheneverIreachedforsomethingslightlyoutofrange.Butthen,afewmonthslater,astrangethinghappened:myhusbanddevelopedafrozenshoulderinhisleftarm,too.Itwasn’tfromthedogs—Ididmostofthewalking.Iwouldhavechalkedituptocoincidence,butwhenIstartedexperiencing:tendonitis(肌腱炎)inmyrightarmlastyear—likelyaresultoftoomanyhoursspentonmylaptop—myhusbandbeganplainingaboutpaininhisarmatthesametime,andherarelysitsatadeskalldaylong.Whatwerethechances?AquickGooglesearchturnedupastoryabouthowlongtermcoupleshaveatendencytobeeverysimilarinhealthovertime.“Peoplehavebeenawareofthisphenomenonforthelasthalfcentury—thatwe’reconnected—butnowwehavesomemethodstobegintomodelthesedynamics(相互作用)innewways,”saysShannonMejia,anassistantprofessoroftheUniversityofIllinoisUrbanaChampaign.ToexplainhowmyhusbandandIbothbecamestrickenwithafrozenshoulderwithinmonthsofeachother,ProfessorMejiasuspectsthatthesamebehaviourovertheyearsmighthaveledtosimilaritiesinpostureandfragility,whichcouldhaveresultedinthesameshoulderinjury.Called“posturalsynchrony(同步性)”inpsychologycircles,oursisamoreextremecaseoftwopeoplewhosefeetfallintostepwhilewalkingorwholeanintooneanotherlikemirrorimagestoshowinterestonadate.12.Whydoestheauthormentionthecouple’ssimilarsymptomsinthebeginning?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toplayapracticaljoke.C.Tosatisfythereaders. D.Toillustrateherpoint.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“chalkitupto”inParagraph3mean?A.Prevent. B.Ignore. C.Blame. D.Tackle.14.AccordingtoProfessorMejia,whataccountedforthecouple’ssimilarsymptoms?A.Naughtypets. B.Deepdevotion. C.Strongbeliefs. D.Identicallifestyle.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.SeriousIssuesBetweenCouples B.ApproachingScience.C.GreatCouplesFeelAlike D.AMysteryToBeAddressed【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以作者和丈夫身上发生了相同的病症为例，说明了夫妇因为相同的生活方式会导致健康状况出现相似问题的情况。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Severalyearsago,notlongafterweweledapuppyintothefamily,myshoulderbecamestiff(僵硬)andsore.Itquicklychangedinto“frozen.shoulder”—aconditionthatmonlystrikeswomenintheir40sandcanbetriggered(触发)byrepetitivepressure.Iassumeditwasfromthedogsconstantlypullingontheirleadslikeanoutofcontrolyoyo(溜溜球).(几年前，我们家刚迎来一只小狗不久，我的肩膀变得僵硬和酸痛。它很快变成了“冻结”。这是一种常见于40多岁女性的疾病，可由反复的压力引发。我以为是因为狗不停地拉牵引绳，就像一个失控的溜溜球)”以及第二段“Myhusbandofnearlytwodecadeswas,ofcourse,sympatheticabouttheburningpainthatshotdownmyarmwheneverIreachedforsomethingslightlyoutofrange.Butthen,afewmonthslater,astrangethinghappened:myhusbanddevelopedafrozenshoulderinhisleftarm,too.(当然，和我结婚近二十年的丈夫对我每次伸手去拿稍微超出范围的东西时手臂灼痛的感觉深表同情。但几个月后，一件奇怪的事情发生了：我丈夫的左臂也出现了肩周炎)”可知，作者在开头提到这对夫妇的相似症状是为了引出话题——夫妇因为相同的生活方式会导致健康状况出现相似问题的情况。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“whenIstartedexperiencing:tendonitis(肌腱炎)inmyrightarmlastyear—likelyaresultoftoomanyhoursspentonmylaptop—myhusbandbeganplainingaboutpaininhisarmatthesametime,andherarelysitsatadeskalldaylong.(去年，当我的右臂开始出现肌腱炎时（很可能是因为我花了太多时间在笔记本电脑上），我丈夫也开始抱怨他的手臂疼痛，而且他很少整天坐在办公桌前)”结合上文but表示转折，说明作者一开始把这样的事情归咎于巧合，结果发现去年两人也有相同的情况。故划线词意思是“归咎于”。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ToexplainhowmyhusbandandIbothbecamestrickenwithafrozenshoulderwithinmonthsofeachother,ProfessorMejiasuspectsthatthesamebehaviourovertheyearsmighthaveledtosimilaritiesinpostureandfragility,whichcouldhaveresultedinthesameshoulderinjury.(为了解释我和我丈夫是如何在几个月内相继患上肩周炎的，梅贾教授猜测，多年来同样的行为可能导致了我们在姿势和脆弱程度上的相似，从而导致了同样的肩周炎)”可知，相同的生活方式导致了这对夫妇的相似症状。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“AquickGooglesearchturnedupastoryabouthowlongtermcoupleshaveatendencytobeeverysimilarinhealthovertime.(在谷歌上快速搜索一下，就会发现一个关于长期伴侣在健康状况上如何随着时间的推移变得非常相似的故事)”结合文章主要以作者和丈夫身上发生了相同的病症为例，说明了夫妇因为相同的生活方式会导致健康状况出现相似问题的情况。可知，C选项“好夫妻有相似之处”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenwasthelasttimesomethingimportantslippedyourmind?Maybeitwastheanswertoatestquestion,thenameofanacquaintanceorwhereyouleftyourkeys.___16___People’sabilitytorememberhaslesstodowithnaturaltalentthanitdoeswithtrainingandpractice.Whenstudentswanttoprepareforatesttheyoftentrytostudybysimplyreadingoverthematerialagain,copyingnotes,etc.___17___Peopleremembermorewhentheyactivelyengagewiththematerialtheyarelearningratherthanpassivelyreceivingit.___18___eupwithquestionsaboutthetopic,andtrytoanswerthemwithoutlookingatyournotes.Italsohelpstotrytoengagewiththematerialindifferentways.Forexample,youcouldsketchordiagramtheinformation,oryoucouldwriteyourownoutlineorstudyguide.Themoreyouusetheinformation,themorelikelyyouaretorememberit.Apsychologist(心理学家)namedHermanEbbinghausmadeanimportantdiscoveryaboutmemoryandforgetting.Hefoundthatpeopletendtoforgetinformationinaregularpattern.Theyforgetthemostinformationshortlyafterlearningit.___19___Everytimethepersonreviewstheinformation,itcausesthemtoforgetlessofit——whichmeanstheyremembermore.Soitisessentialtoreviewthingsyouwanttoremembershortlyafterlearningthem.___20___Applyingthesestrategieswillhelpimproveyourmemorysothatyoucanaccesseverythingyoulearnwheneveryouneedit.A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Strikewhiletheironishot.C.Fortunately,memorycanbeimproved.D.Overtime,youcanreviewthemlessandlessfrequently.E.Therateatwhichtheyforgetthenslowsdownovertime.F.Onegreatwaytodothisistotestyourselfonthematerial.G.Butthesemethodsofrememberingarenotalwayseffective.【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.E20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高记忆力的方法。【16题详解】上文“Whenwasthelasttimesomethingimportantslippedyourmind?Maybeitwastheanswertoatestquestion,thenameofanacquaintanceorwhereyouleftyourkeys.(你上一次忘记重要的事情是什么时候？可能是考试的答案，熟人的名字，或者是你把钥匙放在了哪里)”用提问的方式引出文章主题，下文“People’sabilitytorememberhaslesstodowithnaturaltalentthanitdoeswithtrainingandpractice.(人们的记忆力与其说是天生的才能，不如说是训练和练习的结果)”探讨记忆力的本质，C项“幸运的是，记忆力是可以提高的。”作为过渡句，既回应了开头的疑问，又引出了关于记忆力提升的话题，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Whenstudentswanttoprepareforatesttheyoftentrytostudybysimplyreadingoverthematerialagain,copyingnotes,etc.(当学生们想要为考试做准备时，他们常常试图通过简单地再次浏览材料，抄写笔记等方式来学习)”提到学生备考时常用的学习方法，下文“Peopleremembermorewhentheyactivelyengagewiththematerialtheyarelearningratherthanpassivelyreceivingit.(人们在主动参与学习材料而非被动接收时，往往能记住更多)”介绍更有效的学习策略，G项“但是这些记忆方法并不总是有效的。”转折说明了上文方法的局限性，为后文作铺垫，符合语境。故选G项。【18题详解】上文“Peopleremembermorewhentheyactivelyengagewiththematerialtheyarelearningratherthanpassivelyreceivingit.(人们在主动参与学习材料而非被动接收时，往往能记住更多)”指出主动参与学习比被动接受更有利于记忆，下文“eupwithquestionsaboutthetopic,andtrytoanswerthemwithoutlookingatyournotes.Italsohelpstotrytoengagewiththematerialindifferentways.Forexample,youcouldsketchordiagramtheinformation,oryoucouldwriteyourownoutlineorstudyguide.(围绕主题提出问题，并尝试不看笔记就回答这些问题。以不同的方式与学习材料互动也是有帮助的。例如，你可以绘制信息的草图或图表，或者自己编写大纲或学习指南)”强调了在学习过程中采用主动学习策略的重要性，F项“一个非常有效的方法是，对自己所学的材料进行自我测试。”针对上文给出了具体建议，又是对下文的概括，符合语境。故选F项。【19题详解】上文“ApsychologistnamedHermanEbbinghausmadeanimportantdiscoveryaboutmemoryandforgetting.Hefoundthatpeopletendtoforgetinformationinaregularpattern.Theyforgetthemostinformationshortlyafterlearningit.(一位名叫赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯的心理学家对记忆和遗忘做出了重要发现。他发现人们倾向于按照一定的模式遗忘信息。他们在刚学习完信息后会遗忘最多)”提到了赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯关于遗忘规律的发现，E项“随着时间的推移，遗忘速度会逐渐减慢。”进一步解释了遗忘规律，符合语境。故选E项。【20题详解】上文“Everytimethepersonreviewstheinformation,itcausesthemtoforgetlessofit——whichmeanstheyremembermore.Soitisessentialtoreviewthingsyouwanttoremembershortlyafterlearningthem.(每当一个人复习信息时，就会导致他们遗忘得更少，也就是说，记住的更多。因此，在学习之后不久复习你想记住的东西至关重要)”强调了及时复习的重要性，D项“随着时间的推移，你可以越来越少地复习它们。”说明了随着记忆的巩固，复习的频率可以逐渐减少，是对前文复习策略的补充说明，符合语境。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasbornandliveinSeattle,andforfortyfiveyears,notadayhasgonebythatIhaven’tdrunkcoffee.I’vealsoetounderstandhowandwhycoffee___21___me.Itiscaffeine,ofcourse.Recently,noticingthe___22___inmyconsumptionovertheyears,mywifeinnocently___23___thatI“takealittlebreak”fromcoffee.Theverysuggestionmadememad.“Here’sanidea,”I___24___,heartraterocketing.“Whydon’twejustliveapartforayearsoitfeelsmorelikeitdidwhenwewerefirstmarried?”A(n)___25___?Ithinknot.Assumingthatcoffeedoeskeepme___26___foranextrafewdaysordecades,IknowhowI’llspendthem:drinkingmorecoffee,ordarkeranddarkerroasts,whose___27___smellhelpsfightagerelatedlossoftasteandsmell.MySpanishmotherinlaw,whomIlovedlikemyownmother,diedlastsummerattheageof93.Shewassharpaseverandthe___28___personIknew,uptotheveryend.Shealso___29___multiplecupsofcoffeeeverydayuntilherlast.Our___30___loveofcoffeedrewustogetherbeforeweevenspokethesamelanguage,and___31___ourrelationshipformorethanthreedecades.Inherlastweeks,IwaslecturinginBarcelonaandspendingmy___32___timewithher,downingmany___33___andchattingaboutthe___34___tohappiness.Herewasherformula:——love,faith,andcoffee.Inmyopinion,thatsounds___35___indeed.21.A.harms B.greets C.addicts D.confuses22.A.increase B.hesitation C.excitement D.curiosity23.A.offered B.ordered C.negotiated D.proposed24.A.encouraged B.discovered C.replied D.demanded25.A.expectation B.imagination C.warning D.overreaction26.A.fit B.alive C.inspired D.wise27.A.sour B.strong C.familiar D.strange28.A.happiest B.cleverest C.nicest D.prettiest29A.sold B.served C.consumed D.remended30.A.special B.luxurious C.shared D.remarkable31A.restored B.maintained C.established D.supported32.A.free B.precious C.formal D.meaningful33.A.pots B.kits C.buckets D.cups34.A.clue B.secret C.answer D.solution35.A.right B.funny C.interesting D.silly【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.D26.B27.B28.A29.C30.C31.B32.A33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对咖啡的热爱和依赖，以及咖啡在其生活中的重要作用，包括与岳母的共同爱好维系了彼此的关系，并介绍了岳母认为的幸福公式。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也开始理解咖啡是如何以及为什么让我上瘾的。A.harms伤害；B.greets问候；C.addicts上瘾；D.confuses困惑。根据上文“notadayhasgonebythatIhaven’tdrunkcoffee”可知，作者每天都喝咖啡，因此是上瘾了。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，注意到我多年来消费量的增加，我的妻子天真地提议我应该“稍微休息一下”，不喝咖啡。A.increase增加；B.hesitation犹豫；C.excitement兴奋；D.curiosity好奇。根据下文“I“takealittlebreak”fromcoffee”可知，作者的咖啡消费量在增加。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.offered提供；B.ordered命令；C.negotiated谈判；D.proposed提议。根据下文“Theverysuggestionmadememad.”可知，作者的妻子提出建议。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这里有个主意，”我回答道，心跳加速。A.encouraged鼓励；B.discovered发现；C.replied回答；D.demanded要求。根据上文“mywifeinnocently

___3____thatI“takealittlebreak”fromcoffee.”可知，作者是在回答妻子的提议。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“为什么不干脆分开生活一年，这样感觉更像我们刚结婚时呢？”一个过激反应？我不这么认为。A.expectation期待；B.imagination想象；C.warning警告；D.overreaction过激反应。根据