【暑假专供】小学英语四升五暑假讲义：专题四 - 一般现在时 译林版三起

暑期专题四-----一般现在时精讲精练一、定义：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球围着太阳转。二、一般现在时常用时间状语、时间副词1.inthemorning/afternoon/evening2.every系列和on+星期系列{everyweek(day,year,month…)onSundays(Monday,Tuesday…)atnight}3.频率副词系列（always总是,usually通常,often经常,sometimes有时,never从不,onceaweek……..）三、用法：A.确定句：句中有be（am，is，are）和情态动词时1.be动词时，主语是I时要用am，主语是you时要用are，其他用is。例：Iamastudent.Youareverybeautiful.Sheismybestfriend.2.情态动词时，后面的动词用原型Hecandohishomeworkbyhimself.没有be（am，is,are）动词和情态动词时主语为第三人称单数（she,he,it）、单数可数名词、不行数名词的，动词要按规章加上s或es；主语是复数可数名词的确定句，动词用原形。例：She（He,It）likesfish.她（他，它）宠爱鱼。（主语为第三人称单数）Thetablehasfourlegs.桌子有四条腿。(主语为单数可数名词)Waterboilsat100degreesCelsius.水在100度沸腾。（主语为不行数名词）留意：主语为第三人称单数时，动词+s的变化规章1.一般状况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,make-makesrunsgetslikescolletstakesplaysclimbs2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies留意:动词加-s以后的读音.1.在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后，发清辅音/s/eg.helps,works,likes,hates,laughs2.在浊辅音和元音后，发浊辅音/z/eg.drives,cleans,plays3.在[s][z][∫][tʃ][dʒ]后，发/iz/rises,wishes,teaches,urges4.在[t][d]后，发/ts//dz/eg.fits,sets,needs5.其他状况下发[z]eg.plans,cries,shows哪些主语是第三人称单数1.人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。HelikeswatchingTV.他宠爱看电视。Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐。2.单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。HanMeilookslikehermother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。BeijingisinChina.北京在中国。3.单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。Ahorseisausefulanimal.马是有用的动物。Thisbookisyours.这本书是你的。4.不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时，是第三人称单数。Everyoneishere.大家到齐了。Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.这块手表有毛病。5.不行数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。Themilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。6.当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。"6"isaluckynumber."6"是个吉利数字。"I"isaletter."I"是个字母。练习11.Jenny_____inanoffice.Herparents_____inahospital.(work)2.Oneoftheboys_______(have)ablackhat.3.WangMei______(like)musicandoften______(listen)tomusic.4.Jenny______(study)Englisheveryevening.5.Theteachers________(speak)Englishinclass.6.Theteacher________(speak)Englishinclass.B.否定句：句中有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not;句中没有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句，在动词原形前加does+not(doesn’t);主语为复数可数名词的否定句，在动词原形前加do+not(don’t)。练习21.Thecat_________(notlike)you.2.Brian_____________(notlive)inChina.3.Thepicture______(notlook)nice.4.Ihavemanybooks.(改为否定句）_________________________5.厦门不下雪。__________________________________________6.她不看新闻。__________________________________________7.我妈妈不宠爱吃肉______________________________________C.疑问句句中有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时，一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。句中没有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时，主语为第三人称单数（she,he,it）、单数可数名词、不行数名词的疑问句要用does来提问。即在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形;主语为复数可数名词的疑问句要用do来提问。练习31.________she________(do)thehouseworkeveryday?2.DoesJenny(has)agoodfriend?Yes,she_______.(have)No.she_________.(nothave)3.________youstudyEnglishatschool?Yes,I____(do).4.______yoursisterstudyEnglishatschool?一般现在时易错学问点总结（提高专项）1.改为疑问句和否定句时，动词必需用原形；some变为any;2.改为疑问句时，对应的第一人称要改为其次人称；3.主语后面有with时，切记主语只能是with前面的内容；4.遇到do;does肯定分清楚是助动词还是实意动词；5.主语是特殊疑问词时，要将其看成第三人称单数；6.主语是4years;5years；10metres这种和时间，距离有关的；即使主语是复数形式，仍将其看成是不行数名词对待；7.notbe的正确使用，尤其与祈使句区分开来一般现在时基础练习一、写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式1.go---2.get--- 3.come--- 4.put--- 5.have---6.see---7.take---8.do--- 9.read--- 10.know---11.buy--- 12.say---13.drink--- 14.make---15.look---16.pass--- 17.guess---18.carry---19.study--- 20.play---二、推断句子的正误,并改正。1.Tomdomorningexerciseseveryday.___________改成____________2.Iplaysontheplayground. ___________改成____________3.Thetreesfallstheleaves. ___________改成____________4.Shelikestowearingshirtsandrunning. ___________改成____________5.TheSmithsiswateringtheflowers. ___________改成____________6.Theyusuallyhavesupperatseveno’clock. ___________改成____________7.They’reclimbsatree. ___________改成____________8.Youdon’tyourhomework. ___________改成____________9.Therabbitwantssomevegetables. ___________改成____________10.IsometimeswatchingTVonSunday. ___________改成____________三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.四、依据要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作确定回答)___________________________4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)___________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)________________________________________________________一般现在时拓展提升练习用所给词的适当形式填空1.4years______________(be)alongtimeforhim.2.TheBlacks_______________(travel)toChinaeveryyear.3.TheGreenfamily____________(go)shoppingonSundays.4.---couldyoutellmewhenthetrainleaves?---OK,thetrain_____________(leave)after10minutes.5.Mysisterwithmylittlebrother______________(watch)cartoonseveryevening.6.Theboywithhisparents____________(fly)kitesonceaweek.7.______she________（ｇｏ）toschool?---No,shedoesn’t.8.What__________(make)ourroomcleanandtidy?9.Heoften____________(notdo)hishomework10.Millie,______________(notbe)lateforschoolagain.11.Millie___________(notbe)lateforschoolforschool.12.______________(be)quietinthelibrary.13.Myfather___________(notbe)athomenow.14.Whooften___________(clean)yourroom?15.Thebus__________(leave)hereat8:15accordingtothetimetable.一般现在时基础练习答案一、写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式（略）二、推断句子的正误,并改正。1.do---does 2.plays---play 3.falls---fall 4.to去掉 5.is---are6.supper---breakfast 7.climbs---climbing 8