【L市四方国际商场空调系统设计（论文）20000字】

II摘要：暖通空调能够给人们创造一种舒适的室内环境，可以用来调节环境空气，还可以提供热量给房间通风。本文选择河北省廊坊市的某四方国际商场对其进行空调系统设计，建筑占地面积约为1443㎡，工程总面积为8151.7㎡，总高度为24m，使用区域为商铺，共八层。计算得到建筑物总冷负荷为1066.06KW,冷指标为130.78W/m2。考虑到该建筑物的功能和结构特点，室内人体的舒适度，对该建筑物采用了风机盘管增设的独立式新风系统。关键词：暖通空调；商场；风机盘管；系统设计；冷负荷引言很多现实的事实表明，合理使用空调改善人们的工作和生活条件，是现代生产生活所必须实现的目标。随着我们生活水平的提高，近年城市出现了大量的商业建筑，导致繁华地区的商场人非常多。为了保护进入商场的人们的健康，我国相关卫生部门制定了建筑环境的卫生标准，对大型商业中心进行了监测，对现有的大中型商业中心进行了调整，并提议增加通风和空调。新的大中型商业建筑和购物中心也采用了空调设备，从而大大提高了现有商业建筑的环境和健康标准。商业建筑是人口密集的公共场所之一。如果在卫生标准低的环境中长时间工作，会影响他们的身体健康和生产力。因此，商业建筑的室内环境越来越受到有关部门的重视。同一个城市、同一个区域的一些商场，通风空调系统好的商场年营业额远远大于没有通风空调系统的同规模商场，商场员工的工作环境改善更好，工作效率更高，病人更少，出勤率更高。本次我设计的空调系统主要用于廊坊市夏季。我本次设计的题目为廊坊市四方国际商场空调系统。设计以现行空调设计规范为标准，将所学知识与实际结合起来，力求设计符合实际情况。在自己阅读大量资料和文献的基础上，计算商场冷负荷;确定空调方案，空调选型，计算房间各风量，风、水系统的水力计算等，进行空调系统设计等。根据计算结果合理设计，最终绘制出CAD图纸。

第一章绪论1.1建筑概况该建筑占地面积为1443㎡，工程总面积为8151.7㎡，总高度为24m，使用区域为商铺，共八层，。本商场的耐火等级为二级，设计使用不超过50年，抗震度为六度。外墙传热系数为：0.54W/（m2·K）。内墙传热系数为1.885W/（m2·K），内门传热系数为6.5W/（m2·K）外窗传热系数为2.6W/（m2·K）。1.2室内外设计参数1.2.1夏季室内设计参数见表1-1：表1-1夏季室内设计参数房间设计温度（℃）相对湿度（％）人员密度（m2/人）照明标准（W/m2）设备标准（W/m2）人均新风量（m3/h·人）商铺25653121320茶座265510.368121310杂物间265510.368121320会议室26555.772121330酒吧262510.368121310休息室26553121330咖啡厅265510121330健身房256510.3681213201.2.2夏季室外设计参数见表1-2：表1-2夏季室外设计参数夏季空调室外干球温度℃夏季空调室外湿球温度℃夏季空调室外计算日平均温度℃34.426.629.6夏季室外平均风速(m/s)夏季空调大气透明度等级夏季室外大气压(Pa)2.24100440第二章空调负荷计算第二章空调负荷计算2.1计算依据2.1.1外墙、屋顶传热形成的逐时冷负荷Q=KFTτ−ε2.1.2外窗冷负荷（1）瞬变传热冷负荷Q=Fch·Kch·C（2）日射得热冷负荷Q=Cs2.1.3内围护结构传热形成的冷负荷Q=K·F·(tls−tn)·tls=t2.1.4新风渗透形成的新风冷负荷Qc.o=Go2.1.5设备、照明、人体散热形成的显热冷负荷CLQτ=QJXτ2.2夏季冷负荷计算2.2.1负荷计算举例以1001为例，介绍房间的冷、湿负荷过程：北外墙冷负荷根据公式（2-1）计算可得，见下表2-1：表2-1北外墙冷负荷8910111213141516171819207666789101011111212K0.54F12.9613.0411.8611.8612.2513.8315.8018.1721.3324.4813.0427.6430.8033.17北外窗瞬变传热形成的冷负荷根据公式（2-2）计算可得，计算结果见下表2-2：表2-2北外窗冷负荷891011121314151617181920-0.804.84.1K2.6F5.042032823634174584664544093352032842980.00（3）北外窗日射得热形成的冷负荷根据公式（2-3）计算可得，计算结果见下表2-3：表2-3日射得热冷负荷891011121314151617181920293349358313230166151138123106876645Fc5.0438.0051.1165.5277.3189.1198.28103.52107.45107.4538.00107.4599.5989.11（4）内墙传热内墙K=2.2W/(m2·K)，内墙面积为30.24m2（5）人体散热形成的冷负荷室内总人数15人，成年男子的散热量为：显热65W，潜热69W，连续工作总时数按照8小时计算，计算结果见表2-4：表2-4人体散热形成的冷负荷89101112131415161718192000.530.710.770.810.840.860.890.90.45人数15Qr1341061106114971526154315541560157215771061133011471124（6）设备散热形成的冷负荷房间面积为30.24m2，单位面积设备功率为13W/m2，则设备散热量为Qsh=30.24∗13=263.12W/m2。连续工作总时数按照8表2-5设备散热形成的冷负荷89101112131415161718192000.580.770.810.840.870.890.90.920.32Qsh263.122.812.8114.5120.5925.2728.5530.8933.2335.1036.5025.7420.1216.38（7）照明散热形成的冷负荷房间面积为30.24m2，单位面积灯光功率为12W/m2。连续工作总时数按照8小时计算，计算结果列于表2-6中。表2-6照明散热形成的冷负荷89101112131415161718192000.430.630.70.750.790.830.850.880.4Qz363020202332472572642752822892921019080（8）新风冷负荷新风量GW=201.6m3/h，新风冷负荷为：Q2.2.2软件计算使用天正暖通进行负荷计算，建筑信息见表2-7：表2-7建筑物信息表楼号总层数总高度(m)总面积(m2)总冷负荷(KW)冷负荷(KW)新风冷负荷(KW)冷指标(W/m2)1号楼8248151.71066.06704.56361.49130.78以1001商铺为例计算此房间的逐时负荷值，见表2-8：表2-81001逐时负荷值房间负荷源逐时负荷值8910111213141516171819201001房间参数面积(m2)高度(m)房间总人数房间照明总值(W)房间设备总值(kW)房间总新风量(m3/h)室内设计温度(℃)室内设计相对湿度(%)30.243.610362.880.39201.6025.0065.00北外墙参数长(m)宽(高)(m)外墙面积(m2)外墙净面积(m2)传热系数墙体颜色修正墙体类型4.323.012.967.920.54浅色0.94Ⅳ续表总冷负荷(W)13.0411.8611.8612.2513.8315.8018.1721.3324.4827.6430.8033.1735.14北外窗_嵌参数长(m)宽(高)(m)面积(m2)传热系数窗户类型遮挡系数内遮阳系数最大阴影面积2.522.0005.042.600单层钢窗1.01.0未设置总冷负荷(W)203.76282.47363.35417.94458.54466.91454.71409.34335.1392.19397.7289.1177.31总辐射负荷(W)165.76231.36297.83340.62369.44368.63351.19301.89227.7284.73298.130.000.00温差传热负荷(W)38.0051.1165.5277.3189.1198.28103.52107.45107.4107.4599.5989.1177.31西外墙参数长(m)宽(高)(m)外墙面积(m2)外墙净面积(m2)传热系数墙体颜色修正墙体类型10.083.030.2430.240.54浅色0.94Ⅳ总冷负荷(W)98.0184.4575.4169.3869.3872.3979.9390.47108.5135.67171.83211.01248.67东内墙(分户墙)参数长度(m)宽度(m)面积(m2)传热系数10.083.00030.241.885总冷负荷(W)262.21262.21262.21262.21262.21262.21262.21262.21262.2262.21262.21262.21262.21南内墙(分户墙)参数长度(m)宽度(m)面积(m2)传热系数4.323.00012.961.885续表总冷负荷(W)95.2195.2195.2195.2195.2195.2195.2195.2195.2195.2195.2195.2195.21南内门_嵌参数长度(m)宽度(m)面积(m2)传热系数0.992.0001.986.500总冷负荷(W)59.2059.2059.2059.2059.2059.2059.2059.2059.2059.2059.2059.2059.20人体参数人数劳动状态群集系数10.080000轻劳动0.89总冷负荷(W)1061.111061.11497.471526.11543.411554.891560.631572.111577.1330.971147.21124.271112.7显热冷负荷(W)11.4811.48447.84476.55493.77505.26511.00522.48528.2281.3497.6174.6463.16潜热冷负荷(W)1049.631049.61049.631049.61049.631049.631049.631049.631049.1049.631049.631049.631049.63总湿负荷(kg/h)1.571.571.571.571.571.571.571.571.571.571.571.571.57照明参数总功率(W)灯具类型灯罩通风系数同时使用系数362.88明装荧光灯0.60.8总冷负荷(W)20.9020.90233.40247.34257.79264.76275.21282.18289.1292.63101.0390.5780.12设备参数设备类型总功率(kW)同时使用系数电热设备0.390.6续表总冷负荷(W)2.812.8114.5120.5925.2728.5530.8933.2335.1036.5025.7420.1216.38新风(冷)参数新风量m3/h室外状态计算方式新风机送风状态点热回收方式201.60稳态25.0℃/65.0%没有热回收总冷负荷(W)1594.971594.971594.971594.971594.971594.971594.971594.971594.971594.971594.971594.971594.97显热冷负荷(W)591.24591.24591.24591.24591.24591.24591.24591.24591.24591.24591.24591.24591.24潜热冷负荷(W)1003.731003.71003.731003.71003.731003.731003.731003.7310031003.731003.71003.731003.7总湿负荷(kg/h)1.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331001小计总冷负荷(含新风/全热)(W)3411.213475.14207.584305.24379.814414.884431.124420.2443814227.193885.93579.843582.0室内冷负荷(不含新风/全热)(W)1816.251880.22612.622710.32784.842819.922836.152825.2827862632.222290.91984.871987.0新风冷负荷(全热)(W)1594.971594.91594.971594.91594.971594.971594.971594.9715941594.971594.91594.971594.9总湿负荷(含新风)(kg/h)2.902.902.902.902.902.902.902.902.902.902.902.902.90新风湿负荷(kg/h)1.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.331.33续表总冷指标(含新风)(W/m2)112.80114.92139.14142.37144.83145.99146.53146.17144.9139.79128.50118.38118.45新风冷指标(W/m2)52.7452.7452.7452.7452.7452.7452.7452.7452.7452.7452.7452.7452.74总湿指标(含新风)(kg/hm2)00000.101层房间负荷计算见表2-9：表2-9一层房间负荷计算表楼层房间面积m2房间最大冷负荷时刻(含新风/全热)房间最大冷负荷(含新风/全热)W工程负荷最大值时刻(13点)的各项负荷值总冷负荷(含新风/全热)W室内冷负荷(不含新风/全热)W新风冷负荷W总湿负荷kg/h新风湿负荷kg/h总冷指标(含新风)W/m2新风冷指标W/m2总湿指标kg/hm2新风量m3/h1层100130.24144431.124414.882819.921594.972.901.33145.9952.740.10201.60100230.2492640.82570.782089.60481.170.950.4385.0115.910.0349.99100333.6172571.282528.491993.89534.590.940.4875.2515.910.0355.54100451.84137873.467873.465139.242734.234.972.28151.8852.740.10345.60100551.84137918.617918.615184.392734.234.972.28152.7552.740.10345.60续表100651.84137873.467873.465139.242734.234.972.28151.8852.740.10345.60100751.84137873.467873.465139.242734.234.972.28151.8852.740.10345.60100851.84137918.617918.615184.392734.234.972.28152.7552.740.10345.60100951.84137873.467873.465139.242734.234.972.28151.8852.740.10345.60101033.6172571.282528.491993.89534.590.940.4875.2515.910.0355.54101130.2492640.82570.782089.60481.170.950.4385.0115.910.0349.99101230.24144431.124414.882819.921594.972.901.33145.9952.740.10201.60101351.84134623.674623.674189.76433.911.470.4189.198.370.0350.00101451.84138949.748949.746215.522734.234.972.28172.6452.740.10345.60续表101551.84137918.617918.615184.392734.234.972.28152.7552.740.10345.60101651.84137873.467873.465139.242734.234.972.28151.8852.740.10345.60101751.84138949.748949.746215.522734.234.972.28172.6452.740.10345.60101851.84137918.617918.615184.392734.234.972.28152.7552.740.10345.60101951.84138949.748949.746215.522734.234.972.28172.6452.740.10345.60102051.84134623.674623.674189.76433.911.470.4189.198.370.0350.001层小计913.9213126166.62126166.6287266.6338899.9972.1632.61138.0542.560.084861.4第三章空调系统方案的确定第三章空调系统方案的确定3.1空调系统方案根据综合分析后决定，将设计为风机盘管外加独立新风系统。风机盘管外加独立新风系统可以灵活控制。整个机组体积比较小，占据的空间比较小。本次采用吊顶式，可在人数很多的商场使用。商场的面积大，温度均匀，房间内部的热、湿负荷变化差别不大，宜使用新风机，采用风机盘管加新风系统。3.2商场系统具体设计见表3-1：表3-1商场系统设计表系统房间名称风机盘管加新风系统商铺、休息室、会议室、茶座、杂物间、酒吧、咖啡厅、健身房第四章送风量与气流组织计算第四章送风量与气流组织计算4.1送风量计算 图4-1空气处理过程以1001商铺为例进行设计计算。1.确定N点，hN=88.7kJ/kg，dN=21.1g/kg2.确定送风点O根据温差∆t，就能得到送风点O，tO=28℃，hO=843．送风量G=Q其他房间亦如上计算，见表4-1：表4-1各风量计算表房间号总冷负荷（W）新风量(m3/h)室内湿负荷（kg/h）送风量（m3/h）送风量（m3/s）回风量（m3/h）10014414.88201.62.9920.6310.256719.03110022528.4949.990.95766.9090.213716.91910032570.7855.540.94742.440.206686.910047873.46345.64.971673.570.4711327.9710057918.61345.64.971714.310.4761368.7110067873.46345.64.971673.570.4711327.9710077873.46345.64.971673.570.4711327.9710087918.61345.64.971714.310.4761368.7110097873.46345.64.971673.570.4711327.9710102528.4955.540.94742.440.206686.910112570.7849.990.95766.9090.213716.91910124414.88201.62.9920.6310.256719.03110134623.67501.471393.850.0141343.8510148949.74345.64.972113.790.5871768.1910157918.61345.64.971714.310.4761368.7110167873.46345.64.971673.570.4711327.9710178949.74345.64.972113.790.5871768.1910187918.61345.64.971714.310.4761368.7110198949.74345.64.972113.790.5871768.1910204623.670501.471393.850.0141343.851层小计126166.624861.4672.1629214.127.397824352.664.2风机盘管选型使用开利系列风机盘管机组，根据每个房间的回风量和冷负荷选择合适的风机盘管，以1001为例，房间的回风量为719.031m3/h，冷负荷为4414.88W，故选择型号为42CE006200A的风机盘管，风量（中速）为820m3/h，制冷量（中速）为4654.7W，其他房间选型见表4-2：表4-2各房间风机盘管选型房间号风机盘管型号风机盘管风量m³/h台数100142CE006200A1392.491100442CE012200A663.9852100542CE012200A684.3552100642CE012200A663.9852100742CE012200A663.9852100842CE012200A684.3552100942CE012200A663.9852续表101242CE010200A1392.492101342CE006200A671.9252101442CE012200A884.0952101542CE012200A684.3552101642CE012200A663.9852101742CE012200A884.0952101842CE012200A684.3552101942CE012200A884.0952102042CE006200A671.92524.2气流组织计算新风进入室内的地方应该装设合适的风阀。面积应该达到新风量随各个季节的不同的最大风量要求。以1001商铺为例，空调房间30.24m2，净高3.6m，单个房间的送风量为0.256m3/s。散流器类型选用方形散流器，每一个散流器的送风范围为9m2（3m×3m），该房间内安放2个。首先选择散流器，计算散流器出口风速。散流器的尺寸为300mm×300mm，出口风速按不大于5m/s选择：v实际上散流器的出口面积大约是原尺寸的90％，所以出口的实际风速为vs=3×0.9=2.7m/s。2.因为工作区风速应≤0.3m/s，所以计算当某处风速为0.3m/s时该点与风口的距离。x=3.可按以下公式计算出房间内风速的平均值：v符合室内风速要求。设计结果：不影响人们对室内环境的观感，本设计中各个房间送风口设计见表4-3：表4-3各个房间送风口设计房间号室内面积(m2)送风口室内平均风速（m/s）送风口尺寸㎡送风口面积㎡颈部风速m/s散流器实际出风口面积㎡散流器实际出风口风速m/s射流末端速度为0.5m/s的射程m100130.24300×3000.093.0000.0812.72.0820.169100230.24250×2500.06253.5000.056253.152.0220.164100333.6250×2500.06253.5000.056253.152.0220.164100451.84400×4000.163.0000.1442.72.7990.237100551.84400×4000.163.0000.1442.72.7990.237100651.84400×4000.163.0000.1442.72.7990.237100751.84400×4000.163.0000.1442.72.7990.237100851.84400×4000.163.0000.1442.72.7990.237100951.84400×4000.163.0000.1442.72.7990.237101033.6250×2500.06253.5000.056253.152.0220.164101130.24250×2500.06253.5000.056253.152.0220.164101230.24300×3000.093.0000.0812.72.0820.169101351.84360×3600.12963.0000.116642.72.5120.213101451.84400×4000.164.0000.1443.63.7550.318101551.84400×4000.163.0000.1442.72.7990.237101651.84400×4000.163.0000.1442.72.7990.237101751.84400×4000.164.0000.1443.63.7550.318101851.84400×4000.163.0000.1442.72.7990.237101951.84400×4000.164.0000.1443.63.7550.318102051.84360×3600.12963.0000.116642.72.5120.213第五章空调风、水系统设计第五章空调风、水系统设计5.1风管系统水力计算本次我采用假定流速法来计算整个商场的风管系统：首先确定风量与风速，用此为依据，计算出管路的阻力与尺寸，并计算各环路的不平衡率，做出调整。以一层左侧风管水力计算为例，其风管布置见5-1图所示：图5-1一层左侧风管系统图本设计中采用的是假定流速法，选择镀锌薄钢板作为风管材料，风管断面为矩形。表5-1风管内的空气流速风管分类住宅公共建筑干管3.4~4.56.05.0~6.58.0支管3.05.03.0~4.56.5从支管上接出的风管2.54.03.0~3.56.0表5-2有消声要求风道内的空气流速室内允许噪声级dB（A）主管风速支管风速25~353~4≤235~504~72~350~656~93~5表5-3建筑物内允许的噪声级房间名称室内允许噪声级dB（A声级）高要求标准低限标准多人办公室≤40≤45普通会议室≤40≤45餐厅≤45≤55走廊≤50≤60员工休息室≤40≤45商场≤50≤55计算机房≤45阅览室≤40（1）最不利环路阻力计算根据标准层空调新风系统管道布置示意图，首先进行管段编号，最左端为新风机组，不利环路假设由1-2-3-4-8构成，采用假定流速法计算，公式为Rm=λ已知各管段对应的风量，根据表5-1、5-2和表5-3来假定各管段的流速，再根据各管段的流速和风量，利用矩形风管参数表来查得风管的使用规格和它相对应的摩擦阻力，根据式ν=L3600a+b一层左侧水力计算见表5-4、5-5：表5-4一层左侧水力计算表编号G(m^3/h)L(m)D/W(mm)H(mm)υ(m/s)ΔPy(Pa)ΔPj(Pa)ΔP(Pa)12325.20.635003505.050.5313.8614.422073.611.314002205.6313.422.6616.0931382.47.114002004.87.371.869.234691.26.66400120513.43215.435345.64.24160200511.551.0112.566172.80.721602003.331.118.0219.117172.80.451602003.330.6923.8624.558345.63.481602003.23.374.758.139172.80.11602003.330.1518.4918.6410172.80.51602003.330.7621.4622.2211345.63.771602003.23.653.126.7712172.80.11602003.330.1518.4918.6413172.80.361602003.330.5621.4622.0114345.63.451602003.23.343.126.4615172.80.11602003.330.1518.4918.6416172.80.361602003.330.5621.4622.0117345.63.831602003.23.7219.3823.1续表18172.80.11602003.330.1518.4918.6419172.80.361602003.330.5621.4622.0120345.63.451602003.23.3419.3822.7221172.80.111602003.330.1718.4918.6622172.80.361602003.330.5621.4622.0123201.65.221602503.8910.5719.1329.7124201.60.711602503.891.4524.726.1525503.41602500.960.560.531.0926250.841602500.480.040.410.4627250.211602000.480.010.560.57表5-5最不利环路水力计算表最不利阻力(Pa)92编号G(m^3/h)L(m)D/W(mm)H(mm)υ(m/s)ΔPy(Pa)ΔPj(Pa)ΔP(Pa)12325.20.635003505.050.5313.8614.422073.611.314002205.6313.422.6616.0931382.47.114002004.87.371.869.234691.26.66400120513.43215.435345.64.24160200511.551.0112.567172.80.451602003.330.6923.8624.55经计算，最不利环路总阻力为92Pa，由1-2-3-4-5-7构成。（2）各分支环路的阻力平衡计算考虑到每个环路末端都有风机盘管阻力损失为10-30kpa,计算得出新风管道系统各分支环路与最不利环路的不平衡率计算结果见表5-6：表5-6其他环路阻力损失及不平衡率管段编号环路构成总阻力不平衡率11-23-2489.472.8%21-2-17-18102.231.11%31-2-17-19105.67.0%41-2-3-11-1295.133.4%51-2-3-11-1398.57.06%61-2-3-4-5-687.594.8%71-2-3-4-5-793.031.11%81-25-2784.48.3%91-25-2679.413.7%101-2-20-2183.210.96%111-2-20-2279.151.4%121-3-14-1584.937.6%131-3-14-1688.34%141-4-8-983.739%151-4-8-1087.315.1%由计算结果可见，各环路与最不利环路之间的压力损失差不超过15%，满足一般平衡条件。5.2空调水系统设计计算本设计采用双管制同程式系统。采用假定流量法，空调冷水供回水温度为7/12℃。水系统的水力计算使用控制比摩阻的方法，根据每个管段的负荷确定每一管段的流量，按照各管段的流量和比摩阻，确定每一管段的管径。四层水管布置见图5-2：图5-2一层水系统图其具体步骤如下：(1)绘制一层的水管平面布置图，给各管段编号；(2)选定整个系统中最不利的环路；(3)确定合理的水流速度；(4)根据负荷确定各管段的流量；其中流量的计算公式如下： G=0.86×Q（tgG—水流量，kg/hQ—计算管段的空调冷负荷,W△t—冷水供回水温差，△t=5℃。(5)根据流量和比摩阻，确定各计算管段的管径。空调供回水管道比摩阻的范围为100~300Pa/m，在该范围内选取合适的比摩阻。(6)根据管段长度和比摩阻确定各管段的沿程阻力损失；其中摩擦阻力损失的计算公式为：∆Pm比摩阻：Rm=(7)确定各管件和阀门的局部阻力系数，计算出局部阻力；∆以VG1管段为例，VG1对应的管长为L=3m,冷负荷为Q=448.23kw。根据公式G=0.86×Q（t查规范得该管段最佳管径D=125mm,流速υ=0.96m/s,比摩阻为223Pa/m,因此这一管段的沿程阻力损失ΔPVG1管段计算得到的的局部阻力系数Σξ=1.5，它的局部阻力损失∆Pj因此VG1管段的总阻力损失∆P=其他管段跟VG1管段相同，计算结果见表5-6：表5-6四层的水管水力计算表最不利阻力(Pa)88322最不利环路立管1楼层1编号Q(W)G(kg/h)L(m)D(mm)υ(m/s)R(Pa/m)ΣξΔPy(Pa)ΔPj(Pa)ΔP(Pa)不平衡率VG144823077095.5631251.59223.011.5669189625650.00%VH144823077095.5631251.59223.011.5669189425630.00%E171300022366.91320.65214.229148049293507730.00%FG420460035191.22.71001.13151.870.1410644740.00%FG321760037427.22.71001.2171.080.1462725340.30%FG223060039663.21.141001.27191.431.5218121514320.00%FG144823077095.568.831251.59223.012.221968441963880.00%FH143900067084.32500.84208.270.1900369350.00%FH135970010268.42.7650.79131.490.1355313860.00%FH128040013828.84.44651.06232.880.110355610910.00%FH1190750156090.06800.84119.940.1735420.90%FH1010110017389.22.64800.94147.570.1390444340.00%FH911145019169.40.06801.03178.020.11053640.80%FH812180020949.64.2801.13211.30.1887649511.70%FH7142500245102.7801.32286.330.1773878600.00%FH616320028070.48.961000.998.240.1880419200.00%FH517070029360.42.861000.94107.1040%续表FH4179000307880.071000.99117.34381464147114.70%FH223060039663.239.621001.27191.433.6375854049116330.00%FH144823077095.568.661251.59223.010.721930252544560.00%VG144823077095.5631251.59223.011.5669189425630.00%VH144823077095.5631251.59223.011.5669189425630.00%E171300022366.91320.65214.229148049293507730.00%FG420460035191.22.71001.13151.870.1410644740.00%FG321760037427.22.71001.2171.080.1462725340.30%FG223060039663.21.141001.27191.431.5218121514320.00%FG144823077095.568.831251.59223.012.221968441963880.00%FH143900067084.32500.84208.270.1900369350.00%FH135970010268.42.7650.79131.490.1355313860.00%FH128040013828.84.44651.06232.880.110355610910.00%FH1190750156090.06800.84119.940.1735420.90%FH1010110017389.22.64800.94147.570.1390444340.00%最不利环路阻力(Pa)83196最有利环路阻力53501编号Q(W)G(kg/h)L(m)D(mm)υ(m/s)R(Pa/m)ΣξΔPy(Pa)ΔPj(Pa)ΔP(Pa)不平衡率FG144823077095.568.831251.59223.012.221968441963880.00%FG223060039663.21.141001.27191.431.5218121514320.00%FG321760037427.22.71001.2171.080.1462725340.30%FG420460035191.22.71001.13151.870.1410644740.00%FG519160032955.24.321001.06133.79030%FG617090029394.82.71000.94107.340.1290443340.10%FG715020025834.44.441000.8383.770.1372344074.40%FG813985024054.20.06801.3276.10.116841000.00%FG9129500222742.64801.2237.890.1629727010.10%FG1011915020493.80.06801.11202.510.11161730.00%FG1110880018713.64.2801.01169.960.1714517650.00%FG128810015153.22.7800.82113.320.1306333391.20%FG136740011592.88.96650.89165.880.1148639152515.80%FG145990010302.82.86650.79132.330.1379314100.00%F20.14650.6899.560.11423370.00%FG16207003560.40.06400.7523100%续表F40.06400.7523100%F40.06400.7523100%FG19207003560.40.06400.7523100%FG2021763037432.361.861001.2171.131.5319108214013.80%FG2120463035196.363.171001.13151.910.1481645450.50%FG2219163032960.364.281001.06133.83030%FG2318128031180.160.241001120.240.12950790.00%FG2416828028944.162.591000.93104.20.12704331315.70%FG2515793027163.960.41000.8792.240.13738750.00%FG2614493024927.963.42801.34295.880.110119011010.00%FG2713193022691.960.18801.22246.610.1457511912.80%FG2812158020911.762.7801.13210.570.1569646320.00%FG2911123019131.560.32801.03177.350.157531100.00%FG309823016895.564.18800.91139.62020%FG318788015115.360.1800.82112.780.11233450.80%FG327753013335.162.6651.02217.120.1564526160.00%FG336718011554.960.11650.88164.840.11839570.60%FG34568309774.768.83650.75119.680.110572810850.00%FG35568309774.761.88650.75119.680.1225282530.00%FG36127302189.560.54320.63205.860.1111201310.00%FG37003.75350003.280000.00%FH144823077095.568.661251.59223.010.721930252544560.00%FH223060039663.239.621001.27191.433.6375854049116330.00%FH3516008875.20.07650.6899.56376916980.00%FH4179000307880.071000.99117.34381464147114.70%FH517070029360.42.861000.94107.1040%FH616320028070.48.961000.998.240.1880419200.00%FH7142500245102.7801.32286.330.1773878600.00%FH812180020949.64.2801.13211.30.1887649511.70%FH911145019169.40.06801.03178.020.11053640.80%管段FG13和FG24阻力经蝶形阀调节后，与最不利环路之间的压力损失不超过15%，满足一般的平衡条件。第六章设备选型设计计算第六章设备选型设计计算6.1新风机组选型计算新风机组的选择根据第四章求得的房间送风量选取合适的新风机组，为了减少机组所占用的面积，新风机组采用吊装，然后计算求得最不利环路总阻力，验证机组余压是否满足要求。例如一层新风机组，求得一层左侧房间总风量为2325.2m3，选择新风机HDK-03型，通过合理的管线布置，求得风管系统最不利的一条环路总阻力为63Pa（见上表5-2），所选机组满足要求。其他层选型方法同一层，见表6-1：表6-1空调机组参数表楼层型号结构形式额定风量m3/h供冷量kW外形尺寸mm一层左HDK-033排表冷器300033.92215×1450×568一层右HDK-033排表冷器300033.92215×1450×568二层左HDK-033排表冷器300033.92215×1450×568二层右HDK-033排表冷器300033.92215×1450×568三层左HDK-033排表冷器300033.92215×1450×568三层右HDK-033排表冷器300033.92215×1450×568四层左HDK-043排表冷器400044.12400×1412×654四层右HDK-043排表冷器400044.12400×1412×6546.2冷热源及相关设备选型计算6.2.1冷水机组总冷负荷：1066.06kW选型：麦克维尔公司的螺杆式冷水机组型号：PFS320.1XE(一台)具体参数见表6-2：表6-2冷水机组参数表型号制冷量(kW)COP长×宽×高(mm)输入功率(kW)冷冻水流量(L/s)冷冻水压降(kPa)冷却水流量(L/s)冷却水压降(kPa)PFS320.1XE1290.55.364256×1723×2048240.861.780.8.2冷却塔冷水机组的冷却循环水量为277.560m3/h，冷却塔的水流量Q=QL×1.2=333.072m3/h，则选用型号为LRCM-HS300的冷却塔(两台)，表6-3冷却塔参数表型号循环水量(m3/h)长×宽×高(mm)塔体扬程(m)风扇直径(mm)LRCM-HS3003474170×5380×47003.933806.2.3冷却水泵根据对上面制冷机组的选型，选择了三台冷却水泵（两用一备），每一台冷却水泵的流量为138.780m3/h。每台冷却水泵的流量为：Q每台冷却水泵的扬程为：H=β(式中：hhhhhβ——值一般取1.05−1.1。冷却水泵选择KQW系列卧式单级离心泵，其具体参数见表6-4：表6-4冷却水泵参数表型号流量m3/h扬程m转速(r/min)电机功率（kW）必需汽蚀余量（m）125/150-18.5/2150282960.4冷冻水泵本设计中我选择了三台冷冻水泵(两用一备)。每一台水泵的水流量是总的冷冻水流量的1/2。根据前面所选的机组PFS320.1XE，制冷机组的冷冻水流量为222.120m3/h，水压降为80.80kpa。每台冷冻水泵的流量为：Q每台冷冻水泵的扬程为：H=β(式中：hhhhhβ—值一般取1.05−1.1。冷冻水泵选择KQW系列卧式单级离心泵，其具体参数见表6-5:表6-5冷冻水泵参数表型号流量m3/h扬程m转速(r/min)电机功率（kW）必需汽蚀余量（m）125/170-18.5/213837.52960软水器系统中使用软化水箱处理水，补水箱的容积应该按补水泵小时流量的0.5-1.0来计算。根据补水量Q=222.12×1.1其具体参数见表6-6：表6-6软水器参数表型号流量m3/h罐体类型罐体/盐箱型号推荐树脂装填量2850NT-7508-12双罐一用一备3077上6”-8UN/500L7006.2.6软化水箱系统补充水需要我们进行软化处理，软化水处理系统使用软化水箱。补给罐的存储容量可以使用补给泵每小时流量的0.5-1.0（系统时间为上限，系统时间为下限）。本次设计中，软化水箱的储水容积：V选用的是组合式的不锈钢水箱，其容积为12.0m3，尺寸为3000×2000×2000。6.2.7定压膨胀补水机组可以自动定压，膨胀补水，选择两台（一用一备），系统补水量可以根据用户要求选定，流量按冷冻水流量的2%，即222.12×2%=4.44m3/h=4.44t/h，选择型号为YH-HX-5-50的定压膨胀补水机组，其具体参数表6-7定压膨胀补水机组参数表型号装机功率（kW）补水接口管径适用系统高度（m）YH-HX-5-503.5/3.5DN50/DN5040总结总结总结我的设计课题是河北省的廊坊市四方国际商场空调系统设计，首先，我采用软件计算出商场的总冷负荷和房间冷负荷。通过比较,选择风机盘管加新风系统进行空气调节，然后进行了空调风、水系统，冷热源系统设计等。每个房间采用方形散流器上送风，下回风。在整个设计过程中，通过冷、热湿负荷，送风量的计算、新风机组及风系统、水系统的设计，同时锻炼了我使用天正暖通软件绘图计算的能力。

此次，我努力计算、画图，最终完成了毕业论文和相关图纸的绘制。这是对我所学专业知识的一次很好的巩固和应用，也使我自己的知识结构更加完善，对自己以后的学习和工作是一次很好的锻炼。为了完成对于这座商场的空调设计，我自己查找资料和阅读了很多国内外的相关文献，培养了我刻苦钻研，自学自立的精神，也认识到了自己在专业上的一些不足。毕业设计在我看来，是真正将自己的知识用于解决实际问题的一次真实历练，是很难得的机会，我想这正是大学有毕业设计的原因，它的内容相对于过去的课程设计任务更为精细，要求也更加严格。当然，细化每一个要求，让我从中获得更多的知识，也加深了我对以前所学知识的理解。通过每一次去请教老师，找同学讨论问题，我顺利地完成了本次任务，达到了毕业的要求,对我以后帮助很大。参考文献参考文献参考文献[1]陆耀庆.实用供热空调设计手册.中国建筑工业出版社.2008年5月第二版[2]刘耀斌等.户式中央空调发展方向的探讨.北京，机械工业出版社[3]何耀东,何青.中央空调.冶金工业出版社,2001[4]赵荣义.空气调节，第四版，中国建筑工业出版社[5]民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范[S](及条文说明)GB50736-2012，中国计划出版.99-131[6]公共建筑节能设计标准(GB50189-2015)[S].中国建筑工业出版社:2-34[7]陆亚俊.建筑冷热源，中国建筑工业出版社，2015年12月第二版[8]杨昌智,刘广大,李念平.暖通空调工程设计方法与系统分析[M].中国建筑工业出版社,2005:251-332[9]关文吉.供暖通风空调设计手册[M].中国建筑工业出版社.2016.1第一版:48-95[10]徐勇主编.《通风与空气调节工程》[M].机械工业出版社，2007.65-75[11]路诗奎，姚寿广.空调制冷专业课程设计指南[M].化学工业出版社.2005:264-ii301[12]建设部建筑设计院编著，民用建筑暖通空调设计技术措施，2007年北京,中国计划出版[13]消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范(GB50974-2014)[S].中国建筑工业出社:26-iii45[14]KandlikarSG.Ageneralcorrelationforsaturatedtwo-phasefiowboilingheattransferinsidehorizontalandvertricaltubes.JournalofHeatTransfer.1990[15]NeksaP,RekstalH,ZakeriGR.InternationalJournalRefrigeration,1998,21(3)[16]GregoryG.D,ScottG.W.TheArc-Faultcircuitinterrupter:anemergingproduct[J].IEEETrant.OnIndustryApplications.1998,34(5):928-933[17]清华大学建筑节能研究中心．中国建筑节能年度发展研究报告2014．北京：中国建筑工业出版社[18]建筑环境与能源应用工程专业（空调方向）毕业设计指导书，杨延萍，华中科技大学出版社[19]M.Killian,M.Kozek,Tenquestionsconcerningmodelpredictivecontrolforenergyefficientbuildings,Build.Environ.105(2016)403–412[20]EijiHihara，FumioMatsuoka，etc.StateoftheArtofCapacityControlTechniques.Refrigration，1999，74（863）[21]空气调节设计手册（第三版），中国电子工程设计院主编，2017年6月第三版，中国建筑工业出版社附录附录附录表1（负荷汇总）楼层房间面积m2房间最大冷负荷时刻(含新风/全热)房间最大冷负荷(含新风/全热)W工程负荷最大值时刻(13点)的各项负荷值总冷负荷(含新风/全热)W室内冷负荷(不含新风/全热)W新风冷负荷W总湿负荷kg/h新风湿负荷kg/h总冷指标(含新风)W/m2新风冷指标W/m2总湿指标kg/hm2新风量m3/h2层200130.24145228.65212.372819.922392.453.561.99172.3779.120.12302.40200230.2492640.82570.782089.60481.170.950.4385.0115.910.0349.99200333.6172571.282528.491993.89534.590.940.4875.2515.910.0355.54200451.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60200551.84147501.377485.834751.602734.234.972.28144.4052.740.10345.60200651.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60200751.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60200851.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60200951.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60201033.6154101.584050.793516.20534.591.810.48120.5615.910.0555.54201130.24144041.744008.813527.64481.171.770.43132.5715.910.0649.99201230.24144431.124414.882819.921594.972.901.33145.9952.740.10201.60201351.84135057.585057.584189.76867.821.880.8197.5616.740.04100.00201451.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60201551.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60201651.84138660.888660.885926.662734.234.972.28167.0752.740.10345.602017115.441314825.5714825.5710078.654746.927.073.95128.4341.120.06600.00201851.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60201951.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60202051.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60202151.84134623.674623.674189.76433.911.470.4189.198.370.0350.002层小计1029.3613141775.52141775.5296897.2244878.3081.9937.63137.7343.600.085612.263层300130.24145228.65212.372819.922392.453.561.99172.3779.120.12302.40300230.2492640.82570.782089.60481.170.950.4385.0115.910.0349.99300333.6172571.282528.491993.89534.590.940.4875.2515.910.0355.54续表300451.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60300551.84147501.377485.834751.602734.234.972.28144.4052.740.10345.60300651.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60300751.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60300851.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60300951.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60301033.6154101.584050.793516.20534.591.810.48120.5615.910.0555.54301130.24144041.744008.813527.64481.171.770.43132.5715.910.0649.99301230.24144431.124414.882819.921594.972.901.33145.9952.740.10201.60301351.84135057.585057.584189.76867.821.880.8197.5616.740.04100.00301451.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60301551.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60301651.84138660.888660.885926.662734.234.972.28167.0752.740.10345.603017115.441314825.5714825.5710078.654746.927.073.95128.4341.120.06600.00301851.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60301951.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60302051.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60302151.84134623.674623.674189.76433.911.470.4189.198.370.0350.003层小计1029.3613141775.52141775.5296897.2244878.3081.9937.63137.7343.600.085612.264层400130.24144431.124414.882819.921594.972.901.33145.9952.740.10201.60400230.2492640.82570.782089.60481.170.950.4385.0115.910.0349.99400333.6172571.282528.491993.89534.590.940.4875.2515.910.0355.54400451.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60400551.84147501.377485.834751.602734.234.972.28144.4052.740.10345.60400651.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60400751.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60400851.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60400951.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60401033.6172571.282528.491993.89534.590.940.4875.2515.910.0355.54401130.2492640.82570.782089.60481.170.950.4385.0115.910.0349.99续表401230.24144431.124414.882819.921594.972.901.33145.9952.740.10201.60401351.84134981.944981.944114.12867.821.880.8196.1016.740.04100.00401451.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.604015103.681318642.6518642.6510439.988202.6812.226.83179.8179.120.121036.804016115.441322062.3522062.3512929.279133.0713.607.61191.1279.120.121154.40401751.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60401851.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60401951.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60402051.84135576.45576.404226.771349.632.371.26107.5726.030.05155.524层小计1029.3613147925.75147925.7595808.8252116.9289.3443.76143.7150.630.096516.985层500130.24144431.124414.882819.921594.972.901.33145.9952.740.10201.60500230.2492640.82570.782089.60481.170.950.4385.0115.910.0349.99500333.6172571.282528.491993.89534.590.940.4875.2515.910.0355.54500451.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60500551.84147501.377485.834751.602734.234.972.28144.4052.740.10345.60500651.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60500751.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60500851.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60500951.84147495.127479.584745.362734.234.972.28144.2852.740.10345.60501033.6172571.282528.491993.89534.590.940.4875.2515.910.0355.54501130.2492640.82570.782089.60481.170.950.4385.0115.910.0349.99501230.24144431.124414.882819.921594.972.901.33145.9952.740.10201.60501351.84134981.944981.944114.12867.821.880.8196.1016.740.04100.00501451.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.605015103.681318642.6518642.6510439.988202.6812.226.83179.8179.120.121036.805016115.441322062.3522062.3512929.279133.0713.607.61191.1279.120.121154.40501751.84138187.598187.595453.372734.234.972.28157.9452.740.10345.60501851.