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KEARNEY
confederationofIndianIndustry
SolvingPlasticWaste:
RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
Contents
3
Forewords
7
ExecutiveSummary
9
TheRoleofPlastics:BalancingNecessityandImpact
11
PrioritizingRecyclingEfforts
15
ScalingPlasticsCircularity
27
ActionAgendaforStakeholders
28
Conclusion
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DevelopedbyA.T.KearneyConsulting(India)PrivateLimited
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Email:nilanjana.rajkhowa@Web:
PublishedbyConfederationofIndianIndustry(CII),
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NewDelhi110003,India,
T:911145771000/24629994-7Email:info@cii.in;Web:www.cii.in
2
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
KEARNEY
KEARNEY
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
3
Foreword
Aswenavigatethecomplexitiesofmodernlife,plasticsremainacornerstoneofindustrialandconsumer
applications,showcasingunparalleledversatilityandcost-effectiveness.Theirbenefitsareindisputable,rangingfromimprovinghealthcareoutcomestoenhancingtransportationefficiency.However,thisubiquityhasbroughtforthsignificantenvironmental,economic,andsocietalchallengesthatcannotbeignored.
Intoday'sworld,thechallengeofplasticwastemanagementhasemergedasacriticalissueimpactingour
environment,economies,andsocieties.Thiswhitepaper,"SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainable
Future,"addressestheurgentneedforstrategiestotacklethegrowingmenaceofplasticpollution.Italsoservesasacomprehensiveguidetounderstandingthelifecycleofplasticsandthecriticalstepsrequiredtotransition
towardacirculareconomy.
Thejourneytowardsasustainablefutureiscomplexandchallenging,butitisonewemustembarkuponwith
determinationandcollaboration.Indiahasthepotentialtosetaglobalbenchmarkinsustainableplasticwastemanagement.Byadoptingthecomprehensivestrategiesoutlinedinthisdocument,wecanleadthewaytowardacirculareconomythatbalancesthenecessityofplasticswithourenvironmentalresponsibilities.
ConfederationofIndianIndustry(CII)recognizesthepivotalrolewemustplayinleadingthetransitiontowardssustainablepracticesandpromotingacirculareconomyforplastics.
VirendraGupta
DeputyDirectorGeneral
ConfederationofIndianIndustry
4
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
KEARNEY
Foreword
Whileplasticwasteandcircularityisglobalproblem,inIndiatheproblemisparticularlypronounced.Whilemanyothermaterialshavefoundtheirbalanceincircularity,theclockistickingforplasticwastemanagementand
itscircularitypractices.Thenation’seconomicandconsumptiongrowthisleadingtoamountingplasticwastecrisis,generating10-12millionmetrictonsannually,muchofwhichremainsuncollectedorpoorlymanaged.
Mismanagedcollectionleadstomixedplasticsrenderingthemhardtorecycleandthenendinlandfills.
Historicallythecircularityofmaterialshavebeenlefttomarginalincomegroupstosolvefortheirlivelihood.Theproblemofplasticwasteismuchmorecomplexandhenceneedstobeprioritizedandaddressedsystematically
withinnovations,increasedcapital,talentandcollaborativeeffortsbetweencivicauthorities,brandowners,processors,materialandmachineryproducersalcomingtogether.Thesocietyisthestartingpointfor
responsiblesegregationwhichinturnplasticscontributeitsbenefitsusage.
Thispaperpresentsavarietyofstepsthatcanbetakentoaddressthisissue.RecognizingIndia’sunique
challenges,itofferssolutionsacrosseveryphaseoftheplasticlifecycleforacomprehensiveactionplan.Moreimportantly,italsoemphasizestheneedforcollaborationandsupportivegovernmentregulationsascriticalforachievingasubstantivesolutiontotheplasticwastecrisis.
Poisedtobecomeamajoreconomicpower,Indiahasthepotentialtoleadbyexampleinsustainable
development.Itisimportantthatweparticipateinthismovementthroughcollectiveactiontonotonlyprotectourenvironmentbutalsosetaprecedentforothernations.
JanardhanRamanujalu
Chairman,CIIConferenceonSustainability&PlasticsVicePresident,RoARegion
SABICIPIndiaPvt.Ltd.
KEARNEY
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
s
Foreword
Wefindourselvesatacriticaljunctureinaddressingoneofthemostpressingchallengesofourera:the
managementofplasticwaste.Integraltotheconvenienceandinnovationofmodernlife,plasticshavealso
becomeemblematicofwidespreadenvironmentaldegradationandsustainabilitychallengesworldwide.InIndia
alone,morethan10millionto12millionmetrictonsofplasticwastearegeneratedeachyear,withasignificantportionremainingunmanagedormisallocated.Thediversenatureofplasticwaste,composedofvarying
substratesandendapplications,presentsaformidablechallengetoeffectiverecyclingefforts.
Thiswhitepaperisacalltoaction—acomprehensiveroadmaptoenhanceplasticscircularitythroughouttheirlifecycle.Fromadvocating“designforrecycling”inproductinnovationtofosteringrobustwastecollection
andsortingmechanismsandadvancingmechanicalandchemicalrecyclingtechnologies—eachactionitemiscrucialtoforgeasustainablepathforward.Stringentandeffectiveenforcementofregulations,bolstering
industrycollaborationforsustainablesolutions,andinvestmentsininnovativerecyclingtechnologieswillbevitaltopioneerasustainablecirculareconomyforplastics.Weneedtobalancenecessitywithenvironmentalstewardship,ensuringacleaner,moreresilientfutureforgenerationstocome.
SudeepMaheshwari
Partner
KearneyIndia
6
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
KEARNEY
ExecutiveSummary
Plasticsareessentialtomodernlife,offeringunparalleledversatilityandaffordabilityacrosssectors.Theircostefficiencyandexceptionalstrength-to-weightratiomakethemindispensableinawidevarietyofendapplicationsfrompackagingtoautomotiveandaerospace.However,theuncheckedproliferationofplasticwastepresentssevereenvironmental,economic,andsocietalchallenges.
Indiaannuallygenerates10millionto12millionmetrictonsofplasticwaste,muchofwhichremains
unrecoveredormismanaged.Plasticsrepresentawidevarietyofmaterialsandendapplications.Itiscritical
toprioritizeeffortstowardtherightsubstratesandapplicationstorealizethemaximumimpactandbuild
momentum.Forexample,HDPE-basedpackagingandPETmustbeprioritizedgiventheirwidespreaduse,shortusefullife,andwell-establishedrecyclinginfrastructureandtechnology.Similarly,PVCandPScanbetakenat
alaterpointgiventheirlongerlifecycles,relativelylessmaturerecyclingtechnologies,and/orsmallervolumescomparedwithothersubstrates.
Eachstepoftheplasticsvaluechainrequirescloseexaminationtoidentifyissuesanddrivepotentialsolutions:
Upstreamactivities(plasticproduction,conversionandconsumeruse):
“Designforrecycling”iskeytoenablerecycling.Examplesincludeswitchingtomono-material
designsandreducingnon-recyclablepartssuchasmetallization,coloredlabels,andadhesives.Developingthesesolutionsrequirescollaborationacrossvaluechainpartners(plasticproducers,machinemanufacturers,converters,andbrandowners)andsignificantinnovationsinproduct
designandmaterialproperties.
Alternatematerialssuchasbiodegradableplasticsandbioplasticsofferanotherpotential
solution.However,challengesassociatedwithproductcosts,functionallimitations,andfeedstocksustainabilityissuesarelikelytolimittheirscaleandadoptionovernextdecadeorso.
Midstreamactivities(collectionandsortingofplasticswaste):
Wastesegregationisamajorobstacleinunlockingthetruepotentialofrecyclingintackling
plasticwaste.InIndia,wasteisrarelyseparatedintocompost,recyclable,andtoxicwaste,whichimpedesrecyclingefforts.Raisingawarenessthroughtailoredcampaignsandcommunitygroupscanencouragehousehold-levelwasteseparation.SuccessstoriessuchasChaipeCharchain
Rishikesh,highlighttheimpactofgrassrootsinitiatives.
Incentivizinglocalcommunitiestocreateavibrantwaste-collectionteconomycanhelpfillthegapscreatedbyinefficienciesortheabsenceofmunicipalitiesandelevatethelivingstandardsofthe
informalsectorinvolvedinwasterecovery.
InvestmentsinMaterialRecoveryFacilities(MRFs)needtobeincentivizedbyenhancingthequalityandquantityoffeedstock,leveragingviablesupplychaindesignandtechnologytoavoidpilferageofhigh-qualityplasticwastetoenhanceyieldsofMRFs.Further,deriskingthereturnoninvestmentsinMRFsviacontractingmechanisms,enforcementofExtendedProducerResponsibility(EPR)etc.cangoalongway.
KEARNEY
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
7
Downstreamactivities(recyclingofsortedwasteanduseofrecyclates):
Large-scaledeploymentofmechanicalrecycling,themostmaturerecyclingpathway,requires
financialsupportandpolicyinterventionstoestablishdemandofftakeandensureprojectviability.Inaddition,thesupplychainwillbecriticaltoensurehigh-qualityfeedstockforoptimalutilization.Further,developmentofchemicalrecyclingtechnologiesiscrucialtoalleviatingtheshortcomings
ofmechanicalrecycling.ThefocusneedstobeonpromotingR&Dtodevelopthispathway.Finally,toinspireconfidenceandencouragetheuseofrecycledplasticsinsensitiveindustries,end-to-endtraceabilityofplasticsneedstobepromoted.
Governmentregulations
ThePlasticWasteManagementRulesaimtoregulatethecountry’splasticwasteandhave
undergonemultipleamendmentstoaddressgapsandadapttoevolvingneeds.Persistent
challengesincludeinadequatepolicies,weakenforcement,andinsufficientindustrysupport.Moreneedstobedoneinareassuchasstricterenforcementthroughlocalauthorities,subsidiesand
investmentstowardecofriendlymaterials,investmentinexpansionandadvancementofrecyclingtechnologies,comprehensivedatamanagementanddata-drivendecisionmaking,andcatalyzingenhancedindustrycollaboration.
Stakeholdersmustcollaborateextensivelytotackleplasticwasteeffectively.Governmentsshould
runbroadpublicawarenesscampaigns,empowertheinformalwastesector,andincentivize
traceabilitytechnologies.Localmunicipalitiesshouldgraduallyenforcerecycledcontentquotasandadvocateforadvancedrecycling.Industriesshoulddesignproductsforrecyclability,reduceplasticuse,expandrefillableoptions,andforgestrongpartnershipsforwastemanagement.Investmentsinupcyclingandsortingtechnologies,alongwithdigitizingfeedstockmanagement,arecrucial.Theseeffortscansignificantlyenhancetherecyclingratesandpromoteasustainablecirculareconomy.
Inthiscontext,weargueforacomprehensiveinitiativetoaddressthechallengesofplastics.Thegovernment,privatesector,andcitizensmustprioritizerecycling,enhanceplasticscircularity,andfosterpublic–privatepartnershipstobalancenecessitywithenvironmentalresponsibility.
8
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
KEARNEY
NecessityImpact
TheRoleofPlastics:Balancingand
Plasticshavebecomewovenintothefabricofourlives.Fromthemomentwewakeupuntilwelayourheadsdownatnight,weencounterplasticsinmyriadforms.Theirversatilityandaffordabilityhavefueledwidespreaduseacrossnumerousapplications.Inpackaging,theirlightweightdesignallowsforefficienttransportation
andstorage.Withinelectronicsandappliances,plasticsactasinsulators,safeguardingdelicatecircuitry.
Forconstructionandinfrastructure,theyofferadvantagessuchasdurability,corrosionresistance,andcost-effectiveness.Thehealthcareindustryleveragestheirsterileandnon-reactivepropertiestoprioritizepatientsafety.
Plasticshaveextendedtheirreachbeyondthesesectors.Theycontributetofuelefficiencyintransportationbyreducingvehicleweight.Thefashionandtextileindustriesutilizethemfortheirabilitytocreatestretchy,durable,andvibrantlycoloredfabrics.Eveninenvironmentalapplications,plasticmulchinagriculturehelpsconserve
waterandsuppressweeds.Oceancleanupeffortsoftenrelyonplastic-basedmaterialstocollectmarinedebris.
Inessence,plasticshavebecomeanessentialpartofourdailyroutines,offeringauniquecombinationofversatility,affordability,andfunctionality.
ApplicationsofplasticsinIndia(inmillionmetrictons)asofFY2023hasbeenshownbelow:
6.96.52.20.43.0
2%
9%
13%
14%
12%
11%
4%
2%
2%
5%
33%
89%
19%
70%
44%
37%
0%7%
2%
39%
14%
56%
3%
9%
PEPPPETPSPVC
Note:*sumofPE,PP,PET,PSandPVC,whichaccountfor~90%ofIndia’sdemand.
Source:Plastindiafoundation,Kearney
19
10%
4%
21%
1%」
3%
16%
45%
Total*
Others
Transport
Building&constructionIndustrymachinery
Electricalandelectornics
Consumerand
institutionalproducts
Packaging
KEARNEY
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
9
Comparedwithglassandmetals,plasticofferssignificantcostadvantages.Specifically,theproductioncostsofplasticareapproximately20to30%lowerthanglassandover30%lowerthanmetals.Newprocessing
technologiesareconstantlyrefiningplasticproduction.Theseadvancementsallowforshapingplasticproducts
withlessheatandinashortertime,significantlyreducingenergyconsumption.Incomparisontoglass
production,whichrequireshightemperaturesforextendedperiods,plasticsofferamorestreamlinedandenergy-efficientmanufacturingprocess.
Akeystrengthofplasticsliesintheirexceptionalbalanceofstrengthandweight,makingthemidealfor
applicationswhereweightisamajorconcern,suchasintheaerospaceandautomotiveindustries.Their
lightweightnaturetranslatestobetterfuelefficiencyandoverallenergysavings.Thisadvantagepositions
plasticsfavorablycomparedwithmetals.Furthermore,plasticsboastimpressivedurability.Theycanendureharshenvironmentsandresistcorrosion,makingthemwell-suitedforlong-lastingperformanceindemandingfieldssuchasmarineapplicationsandchemicalprocessing.
Whileplasticsoffernumerousbenefits,theworldfacesagrowingproblemwithplasticwaste.Everyyear,wegenerateanenormousamount,exceeding350millionmetrictons.Unlesssignificantchangesaremade,thisnumberisprojectedtotripleby2060,reachingastaggeringonebillionmetrictons.Indiagenerates10millionto12millionMTofplasticwasteeveryyear—mostofwhicheitherendsupinalandfillorleaksouttothe
environment,causingasignificantenvironmental,societal,andeconomicimpact.
EnvironmentalImpact
Plasticpackagingimposesheftyenvironmentalandeconomiccosts,estimatedbytheUnited
NationsEnvironmentProgrammetobearoundUSD40billion.Withplasticusagecontinuingto
growunderabusiness-as-usualscenario,thesecostsareexpectedtoincreasesubstantially.Everyyear,atleast8milliontonsofplasticendupintheoceanglobally,equatingtoonegarbagetruck’sworthofplasticbeingdumpedeveryminute.Withoutintervention,thisratecoulddoubleby2030
andquadrupleby2050.Researchsuggeststhatplasticpackagingisamajorcontributortothis
oceanicplasticpollution,leadingtomarinelifedisruption.Currently,over150milliontonsofplasticintheoceans,andprojectionsindicatethatby2025,therewillbeonetonofplasticforeverythreetonsoffish,potentiallysurpassingtheweightoffishby2050.
EconomicImpact
Themismanagementofplasticwasteisescalatingthecostsofresponsiblewastedisposal.Thefinancialstrainofcleaningupplasticpollution,repairingdamagedinfrastructure,andaddressingthehealthimpactsissignificantandgrowing.InIndia,landfills—similartoopendumpsused
worldwide—aretheprimarywastedisposalmethod,withplasticwasteconstitutingabout
6%oflandfillcontent.Thecountrylacksaneffectivewastemanagementsystem,leadingto
mostplasticwasteendingupinapproximately1,700landfillsnationwide.Theaveragecostof
managingthiswasterangesfromRs.500toRs.1,500perton,acrosscollection,transportation,
andbasictreatmentbeforedisposal.Additionally,thehealthimpactsofplasticpollution,suchas
respiratoryissuesandcancerfromopenburning,contributetorisinghealthcarecostsandreducedproductivity.
SocietalImpact
Plasticwastepresentssignificantsocietalhealthrisksthroughmultiplechannels.Chemical
additivesinplastics,suchasphthalatesandBisphenolA,canleachintotheenvironment,causingendocrinedisruptionanddevelopmentalproblems.Microplastics,formedfromthebreakdown
oflargerplasticitems,canenterthefoodchainandposepotentiallong-termhealthrisks.Toxicpollutantsfromburningplasticwastecontributetorespiratoryandcardiovasculardiseases.
Improperdisposalcreatesphysicalhazardsandbreedinggroundsfordiseasevectors,while
contaminationfromplasticfoodpackagingaddsfurtherhealthrisks.Additionally,plasticpollutiondisruptsmarineecosystemsandaffectshumanfoodsources,underscoringtheurgentneedfor
improvedwastemanagementandreducedplasticuse.
10
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
KEARNEY
PrioritizingRecyclingEfforts
Itisirrefutablethatthe10millionto12millionmetrictonsofplasticwastegeneratedinIndiaannuallywillhaveadverseimpacts.Theproblemisexacerbatedbythediversityoftheseplastics,eachwithvaryingproperties,segregationability,recyclingrequirements,andusefullife.Someplasticsre-enterthesystemwithinmonths
ofproduction,whileotherstakedecades.Tacklingallthedifferenttypesofplasticssimultaneouslywouldbeexpensive,inefficient,andineffective.Instead,amoretargetedapproachshouldfocusonplasticsthathaveshortlifespansandrepresentlargervolumesandwhoserecyclingchallengeshavenotbeensolved.
Therearesevenkeyplasticsubstrateswidelyused:
PVC
Polyvinylchloride
PS
Polystyrene
HDPE
High-densitypolyethylene
LDPE
Low-densitypolyethylene
PET
Polyethyleneterephthalate
PP
Polypropylene
LLDPE
Linearlow-densitypolyethylene
ScalingupsustainabilitysolutionsforHDPEandPETmustbeprioritizedgiventhattheyaccountforlarge
volumesandarerelativelyeasytorecyclewithwell-establishedrecyclinginfrastructureandtechnology.LLDPEandLDPE,usedinfilmsandbags,oftenfacecontaminationissuesandaredesignedasmulti-materiallayers.
Theywillrequirespecializedcollectionprogramsandadvancedrecyclingtechnologiestoimproverecycling
rates.PPisoneofthemostpopularplasticpackagingmaterials,andmostPPisdisposedinlandfillsdueto
competitionwithcheapervirginfeedstock.EnsuringfinancialviabilityisimperativetopromoterecyclingofPP,especiallyPPfilmsinretailandtextileandPPconsumerdurables.PVCandPSrecyclingcanbedeprioritizedinshorttermtofocusonothersubstrateswithlargerfootprintandshorterusefullives.
KEARNEY
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
11
RecyclePrioritizationMatrix
Sizeofthebubblerepresentsthedemandofsubstrate(InMΜΤΡΑ)
High
Propensityforrecycling
Indicatedbythefeasibilityofsubstratetoberecycled
Low
Pick&ChoosePrioritizescaleup
PETbottlegrade
HDPEBMcontainers
HDPEretailpackagingfilms
HDPEpipes
LDPEfilms
PPIMconsumerproducts&auto
PETfilms
LLDPEfilms
PVCwiresandcables
PVCpipes
PPraffiabags
PSconsumerdurable
Deprioritize
PPfilmsinretail&textile
Investinsolutions
High
Low
Lifecycle
Indicatedbyno.oryearsfromproductiontodisposal
Source:Kearney
12
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
KEARNEY
Detailsofeachsubstrateandtheissuesfacedinrecyclingaredetailedbelow.
EaseofRecyclability
High
Low
Moderate
Substrate
Application
Approxannual
demand(KTPA)
Typicallifeinyears
Plasticproduct
designandusage
Supplychain
considerations
Recyclingtechavailabilityandadoption
HDPE
Retail
packagingfilms
1,300
<1
Designedforrecyclingbutcontamination
(especiallyoil)hindersrecyclability
Infrastructureunder
development
Availablewithmoderate
adoptionduetodesignissues
HDPE
Pipes
700
10to20
Highlyrecyclable
butcontamination
andseparationfromconstructiondebrisachallenge
Lowcollection
ratesduetolackofdedicated
collectionsystemandscattereduse
Mechanical
recyclingwell-established
HDPE
Blow-
molded(BM)containers
1,000
<2
Designedforrecycling;labelsandresidual
contentcause
contamination
Well-developed
collection
andrecyclinginfrastructure
Definedpathwaysviamechanical
recycling
LLDPE
Films(FMCGandretail)
1,900
1–2
Multi-layeringandcontaminationisanissue
Lacksefficient
collectionsystem;sortingfrom
mixedwaste
streamisalsoachallenge
Flexibility
andmixed
wastecreate
difficultytowardmechanical
recycling;
chemicalrecyclingiskey
LDPE
Films(FMCGandretail)
600
<1
Designedforrecyclingastheyaremostly
monomaterial
PVC
Pipes
2,200
15
Toxicityconcernsduetoadditivessuchas
plasticizers,stabilizersandpigments
Effective
separationfromconstruction
debrisislaborintensiveand
collectionis
challengingduetofragmenteduse
Limitedrecyclingusingmechanicalroute
PVC
Wireandcables
300
20
PET
FilmsinFMCG
900
~1
Multi-layeringand
contaminationisissue
Lacksefficient
collectionsystem;sortingfrom
mixedwaste
streamsisalsoachallenge
Mechanical
recyclingis
availablebutnot
scaled
PET
PETbottlegrade
1,300
<1
Designedforrecycling,andwidelyaccepted
inrecyclingsystems
Robustcollectionsystemsarein
place,especiallyforbottle-gradePET
Mechanical
recyclingoffersthelowestcostandlowest
emissionpathway
KEARNEY
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
13
Substrate
Application
Approxannual
demand(KTPA)
Typicallifeinyears
Plasticproduct
designandusage
Supplychain
considerations
Recyclingtechavailabilityandadoption
PP
Raffiabags
2,400
<2
Multi-layering,
re-enforcements
suchaszippers,
stitchingthreadsandcontaminationhinderrecyclability
Fragmentedusemakescollectionchallenging
Degradationin
qualityduring
recyclingand
availabilityof
cheapervirginPPrendersrecyclingunviable
PP
Injection
molded(IM)consumer
productsandauto
2,000
5–10
Productsnotdesignedwithdisassemblyandrecyclinginmind.
Disposedthroughinformalrecyclingsectors,despiteautosectorbeingorganized
Mechanical
recyclingfacilitiesareavailable,butthecapacityis
limited
PP
Filmsinretailandtextiles
1,400
~1
Notdesignedfor
recycling,majorlyduetocontaminationandmulti-layering
Efficientcollectionandcleaning
systemsarenotavailable
Mechanical
recyclingforcleanfilmsisavailable;chemicalrecyclingisbeingexploredforcontaminated/mixedwaste
PS
Consumerdurables
300
15+
Oftennotdesignedforrecycling,usuallycombinedwithothermaterials
Collection
systemsfor
durablegoodsareunderdeveloped
Limited
commercialscaleforchemical
andmechanicalrecycling
14
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
KEARNEY
ScalingPlasticsCircularity
Scalingofplasticscircularityrequiresrobustsolutionsacrosstheentireplasticsvaluechain,fromupstream
(plasticproduction,conversion,andconsumeruse)tomidstream(collectionandsegregationofplasticwaste)
anddownstream(recyclingandtheuseofrecycledplastics).Regulatorysupportisakeyenablertocatalyzethisvaluechain
(Upstream)
PlasticProduction,Conversion&
ConsumerUse
1A
DesignforRecycling
1B
Useof
Bioplastics
(Downstream)
3D
Upcycling
Recycling
&Post
RecycleUse
3A
Scaleup
MechanicalRecycling
3B
Adoptionof
ChemicalRecycling
3C
SupplyChainTraceability
ScalingPlasticsCircularity
Collection
&
Sorting
(Midstream)
2A
ConsumerEducation
2B
Incentivizinglocalcommunity
engagement
2C
Investmentsin
MaterialRecoveryFacilities(MRFs)
4
GovernmentRegulationsandSupport
KEARNEY
SolvingPlasticWaste:RoadmapforaSustainableFuture
1s
1A.DesignforRecycling
Today’splasticproductsmustmeetvariousfunctionalrequirements,suchasprotectingtheproduct,ensuring
longshelflife,andmaintaininglowweight.Thepreferenceformulti-layerandmixedpolymermaterialshas
increasedduetotheirabilitytom
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