2024-2025学年山东省日照市校际联合考试高二上学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省日照市校际联合考试2024-2025学年高二上学期开学英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthewomansuggestbuying?A．Milk.B．Icecream.C．Fruits.2．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Windy.B．Rainy.C．Sunny.3．Whyisthemanunabletomovetothecitycenter?A．Heisoutofwork.B．Heislackinginmoney.C．Hehatesheavytraffic.4．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inaschool.B．Inabookstore.C．Inatoystore.5．Howmanypointsdoesan“A”require?A．60.B．65.C．70.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatarethespeakerslookingfor?A．Thetowncenter.B．Themountaintop.C．Thesourceoftheriver.7．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．Goback.B．Takeabreak.C．Swimintheriver.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A．Avacation.B．Apromotion.C．Aninterview.9．WhatisGinoworriedabout?A．Hehasnotimeforvacation.B．Hedoesn’tsavemuchmoney.C．Heisnotgoodenoughfortheposition.10．WhatdoesMs.RobertsonthinkofGino?A．Capable.B．Honest.C．Friendly.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．HowdidthewomanknowDave?A．Theyjoinedthesameclub.B．Theystudiedatthesameschool.C．Theyworkedatthesametheater.12．WhyarethespeakersproudofDave?A．Heisbravetogoafterhisdreams.B．Heisgoodatwritingplays.C．Heplaysthebiggestpart.13．Whenwillthespeakersprobablyseetheplay?A．OnWednesday.B．OnFriday.C．OnSaturday.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Fatheranddaughter.B．Professorandstudent.C．Authorandreader.15．WhatdoesMichaelplantowriteaboutMartinAmis’works?A．Theroleofmoney.B．Familyrelationships.C．Socialproblems.16．WhichperioddoesMartinAmisbelongto?A．Themodernperiod.B．TheRomanticperiod.C．TheVictorianperiod.17．WhydoesMichaelchooseMartinAmis’books?A．They’remoreclassical.B．Theyhavedeepermeanings.C．They’remoreconnectedwithhim.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．What’sthepurposeofthetest?A．Toletstudentsthinkabouttheirfuturejobs.B．Tohelpstudentschoosehighschools.C．Tomakestudentsstudyharder.19．Howwillthestudentstakethetest?A．Byspeakingwiththeteacher.B．Bywritinganexampaper.C．Byusingacomputer.20．Whatdoesthespeakerremindthestudentstodo?A．Checktheresultsintime.B．Asktheirteachersforadvice.C．Givehonestanswerstothequestions.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWepartnerwithdestinationsforcleanupsandconservationefforts.Ourexpert’spickofthebestchoiceswillhelpyouturnbeachdreamsintobeachdays.SteephillCoveThistraditionalfishingcovewillmakeyoufeellikeyou’vegonebackintime,withitsbrightlypaintedbeachhutsandoldfisherman’scottages,lobsterpots(捕虾篓)andcheery,colorfuldeckchairs.ThereisabeachcafetothebackofSteephillCove,whichserveshotandcoldrefreshmentsandfood,andtherearealsorestaurantsservinglocallycaughtseafoodduringtheseason.SandwoodBayLocatedintheverynorthofScotland,thisbeachisconsideredtobeoneofthemostuntouchedinmainlandBritain.Unreachablebycar,thewildandwonderfulbeachisaccessedbyapopularandfairlyflat4-mile-longpathfromthenearestcarpark,whichaddsasenseofremotenesstothischarmingplace.NanjizalBeachDuetoitsmoredistantlocation,amazingNanjizalBeachisusuallyveryquiet,apartfromthosewalkerswhohavemadethehikeonthecoastalpathfromeitherPorthgwarra,LandsEndorSennenCove.Therearemanycavestodiscoverandtheruinsofanoldwatermill,too.BamburghBeachAtanytimeofyear,BamburghBeachisoneofthemostdramaticintheUK,thankstotheimpressivecastlelocatedonanearbyhillthatoverlookstheskyline.BamburghalsohassomeofthebestwavesintheUK,whichmakesitperfectforbodyboarders.Evenifthat’snotyourthing,simplywatchingfromtheshorecanbeathrillingexperience.1.WhatisspecialaboutSteephillCove?A.Itshowcasesitsoriginalcharm. B.Ithasmodernbuildings.C.Itallowsvisitorstocatchseafood. D.Itishometodifferentcafes.2.HowcanvisitorsgettoSandwoodBay?A.Bycar. B.Onfoot. C.Byplane. D.Byship.3.Whichofthefollowingfavorsthesurfers?A.SteephillCove. B.SandwoodBay. C.NanjizalBeach. D.BamburghBeach.〖答案〗1.A2.B3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个海滩的情况和特色。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thistraditionalfishingcovewillmakeyoufeellikeyou’vegonebackintime,withitsbrightlypaintedbeachhutsandoldfisherman’scottages,lobsterpotsandcheery,colorfuldeckchairs.(这个传统的捕鱼湾会让你感觉自己回到了过去，那里有色彩鲜艳的海滩小屋和老渔民的小屋，捕虾篓和欢快的彩色甲板椅子)”可知，斯特菲尔湾的特别之处在于展现了它的原始魅力。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Unreachablebycar,thewildandwonderfulbeachisaccessedbyapopularandfairlyflat4-mile-longpathfromthenearestcarpark,whichaddsasenseofremotenesstothischarmingplace.(开车无法到达，从最近的停车场出发，有一条很受欢迎的、相当平坦的4英里长的小路可以到达这个野生而美妙的海滩，这为这个迷人的地方增添了一种遥远的感觉)”可知，游客可以步行前往桑德伍德湾。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“BamburghalsohassomeofthebestwavesintheUK,whichmakesitperfectforbodyboarders.(在英国，班堡也有一些最好的海浪，这对于身体滑板者来说是完美的)”可知，冲浪者可以选择班堡海滩。故选D。BAfterovercomingaseverestroke(中风)atjust22monthsold,ayoungwomanistakingtotheInternettoshowpeoplehowsheliveswithonlyoneworkinghandandinspireotherstrokeandinjurysurvivorstobecomemoreindependent.ChiaraBeer,27,wholivesinWinchester,sufferedastrokeasababywhichleftherwithlastingeffectsandalifelongdisability.Shenowliveswithright-sidedhemiplegia(偏瘫)—aconditionthatresultsinweaknessandlackofmovementinonesideofthebody.Growingupwiththisdisability,asshegotolder,ChiararealizedtherewasahugelackofresourcesandinformationforyoungstrokesurvivorsontheInternetanditwasunabletofindanyoneelsewhowasexperiencingthesimilarthingsonher,soshedecidedtostartsharingsomerelevantcontentonsocialmedia.Thedetermined27-year-oldbeganpostingvideos,sharingmoreaboutherownstoryofstrokesurvivalandshowingherfollowersvariousaspectsofherday-to-daylife,livingwithonlyoneworkingarm,forexample,howshedrivesusingaspeciallyadaptedcarandhowtechnologyhelpshertoreadandwrite,otherthingsliketyingherhairwithonehand,doingupthebuttononherjeansorapplyinghermake-up.Shereceivedahugeoutpouringofloveandsupportfromherviewers,includingmessagesoflovefromotherstrokesurvivorsandpeoplewhosufferfromothersimilardisabilities,thankingherforshowingthemsomehacksandtricksonhowtobecomealittlemoreindependent.Chiaraadmittedthatshelovesknowingthatsheisabletooffersupporttootheryoungstrokesurvivors,saying,“ItmakesmefeelhappythatIcanhelpsomanypeople.”Sheadded,“IwanttohelpraiseawarenessaboutyoungpeoplehavingstrokesandalsoIwanttohelpyoungpeopletofindawaytobeabletobeindependent.Asforme,thishasalwaysbeenmymaingoal:tobeindependent.”4.Whatistheafter-effectofChiara’sstroke?A.Unabletodriveacar. B.Unabletousehishands.C.Unabletomovehisbodyfreely. D.Unabletocommunicatewithothers.5.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Thedisabledarewillingtosharetheirlifeskills.B.Strokesurvivorsfacemanychallengesintheirdailylife.C.Therewasmuchinformationaboutstroketreatmentonline.D.Youngstrokesurvivorshadlittleguidancetoturntoonline.6.WhywereotherstrokesurvivorsgratefultoChiara?A.Herstoryledthemtohavefaithinlife.B.Shetaughtthemtocuretheirdisabilities.C.Herexperienceinspiredthemtoliveontheirown.D.Sheservedasarolemodelforthemtoliveambitiously.7.WhatcanwelearnfromChiara’sstory?A.Rosesgiven,fragranceinhand. B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. D.Constantdrippingwearsawayastone.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了一位年轻女性ChiaraBeer在经历中风后如何通过网络分享自己的生活，以此激励其他中风和受伤幸存者变得更加独立的事迹。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ChiaraBeer,27,wholivesinWinchester,sufferedastrokeasababywhichleftherwithlastingeffectsandalifelongdisability.Shenowliveswithright-sidedhemiplegia(偏瘫)—aconditionthatresultsinweaknessandlackofmovementinonesideofthebody.(27岁的ChiaraBeer住在温彻斯特，她在婴儿时期曾中风，这给她留下了持久的影响和终身残疾。她现在患有右侧偏瘫，这是一种导致身体一侧虚弱和缺乏活动的疾病)”可知，Chiara中风的后遗症是不能自由活动他的身体。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Growingupwiththisdisability,asshegotolder,ChiararealizedtherewasahugelackofresourcesandinformationforyoungstrokesurvivorsontheInternetanditwasunabletofindanyoneelsewhowasexperiencingthesimilarthingsonher,soshedecidedtostartsharingsomerelevantcontentonsocialmedia.(随着年龄的增长，Chiara意识到互联网上非常缺乏针对年轻中风幸存者的资源和信息，而且找不到任何和她有类似经历的人，所以她决定开始在社交媒体上分享一些相关的内容)”可知，从本段可推出年轻的中风幸存者在网上几乎找不到什么指导。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Shereceivedahugeoutpouringofloveandsupportfromherviewers,includingmessagesoflovefromotherstrokesurvivorsandpeoplewhosufferfromothersimilardisabilities,thankingherforshowingthemsomehacksandtricksonhowtobecomealittlemoreindependent.(她从观众那里得到了大量的爱和支持，包括其他中风幸存者和患有其他类似残疾的人的爱的信息，感谢她向他们展示了一些如何变得更加独立的技巧和技巧)”可知，Chiara的经历激励他们独立生活，所以其他中风幸存者感激她。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Afterovercomingaseverestroke(中风)atjust22monthsold,ayoungwomanistakingtotheInternettoshowpeoplehowsheliveswithonlyoneworkinghandandinspireotherstrokeandinjurysurvivorstobecomemoreindependent.(一位年轻女性在仅22个月大时便克服了一场严重的中风，如今她正通过网络向人们展示如何用一只健全的手生活，并激励其他中风和伤残幸存者变得更加独立)”以及通读全文可知，本文讲述了Chiara通过自己的努力和毅力克服了中风带来的困难，并帮助其他人变得更加独立，体现了“有志者事竟成”的精神。故选C项。CEmergencyMaskPod(面罩舱)isaplastic,3D-printedandfootball-shapedcasethatcontainsamaskthatprotectsthelungsofsomeonetrappedinafireuntiltheywererescued.AlexisgottheideafortheEmergencyMaskPodafterhearingthatamotherhadthrownherbabyoutofthesecondfloorwindowoftheirsmoke-filledapartmentduringafireinthebuilding.Thefamilywastrappedintheirapartmentbythesmoke.Alexiswonderedwhethertherewasameansforpeoplewaitingoutside,suchasneighborsandfirstresponders,todeliversmokemaskstopeopletrappedinthesecondfloorsofburningbuildings.Herresearchshowedthattherewasnosuchdeliverysystem,soAlexissetabouttoinventone.First,shefoundasmall,lightweightsmokemask.Thenextstepwastodevelopawaytolaunchorthrowthemaskupintoanopensecond-storywindow.Alexisbuiltseveraldifferentpods,whichweretestedbylocalfirefighters.Eachpodwascastintoasecondstorywindowmorethan290timesbyatotalof37firefighters.Thefootball-shapedpod,whichAlexisprintedonherMakerBot3Dprinter,wastheclearwinner,withanaccuracyrateofover70percent.ThefirefighterstestingtheEmergencyMaskPodtoldherthatitisneededbyfirefightersarrivingatthesceneofafire.TheytoldAlexisthatwhentheyfindpeopletrappedinside,theywishtheycouldgivethemsomeformofreliefsotheycanbreathesafelywhilefirefighterstrytoreachthem.Asmokedeliverysystemcouldbeusedtoprovidethatrelief.TheEmergencyMaskPodrequiresnospecialequipment,training,orpermits;peopleatthesceneofafirecouldhelpfirevictims(受害者)trappedinsidesmokyroomswithouthesitation.EMTs,policeofficers,andfirefighterscouldkeepthemaskandEMPodintheirvehiclesandapartmentcomplexescouldstoretheminapproachableplaceslikecommunitycenters.Themaskcouldeasilyberetrievedbyvictimsandputon,givingthemprecioustimeforfirefighterstorescuethemandpotentiallysavinghundredsorthousandsoflives.8.WhyistheEmergencyMaskPodinvented?A.Toimprovethedesignofsmokemasks.B.Toprovideawaytodeliversmokemasks.C.Tohelpfirefighterspracticethrowingskills.D.Toprotectfirstresponders’eyesfromsmoke.9.HowdidAlexistesttheeffectivenessofdifferentpods?A.Byburningtheminthelocalfiredepartments.B.Bystudyingdifferentmaterialsformakingpods.C.Bydoingasurveyofpeopletrappedinafirebefore.D.Byhavingfirefightersthrowthemintowindowsmanytimes.10.Whichwordisclosestinmeaningto“retrieved”inthelastparagraph?A.Returned. B.Accessed. C.Relieved. D.Launched.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SurvivingtheFlame:NewRescueSkillsB.SmokeandMasks:TheFutureofFireSafetyC.ALifelinethroughtheSmoke:TheMaskPodD.BreakingthroughBarriers:Firefighters’Creations〖答案〗8.B9.D10.B11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种3D打印的足球形状的面罩舱，这种面罩舱能够通过一种方法被投射到火灾地点，从而帮助受灾群众赢得一些获救的时间和机会。【8题详析】细节理解题。第二段提到“Alexiswonderedwhethertherewasameansforpeoplewaitingoutside,suchasneighborsandfirstresponders,todeliversmokemaskstopeopletrappedinthesecondfloorsofburningbuildings.Herresearchshowedthattherewasnosuchdeliverysystem,soAlexissetabouttoinventone.”（亚历克西斯想知道，是否有办法让等待在外面的人，比如邻居和急救人员，给被困在燃烧建筑物二楼的人送去防烟口罩。她的研究表明，没有这样的输送系统，所以亚历克西斯着手发明一个。）可知，亚力克西斯的研究发现，虽然有防烟口罩，但是没有这样的输送系统，这样也影响了火灾救援的效果，因此她想要发明一种方式来运送这种防烟口罩。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。第三段第三、四句提到“Alexisbuiltseveraldifferentpods,whichweretestedbylocalfirefighters.Eachpodwascastintoasecondstorywindowmorethan290timesbyatotalof37firefighters.”（亚历克西斯建造了几个不同的吊舱，由当地消防员进行了测试。每个吊舱被37名消防员扔进二楼窗户290多次。）由此判断，亚力克西斯是通过让消防员扔来测试其有效性的。故选D。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“byvictimsandputon,givingthemprecioustimeforfirefighterstorescuethemandpotentiallysavinghundredsorthousandsoflives.”（可以很容易地被受害者并戴上，为消防员拯救他们提供了宝贵的时间，并可能挽救数百或数千人的生命。）可知，这种面具如果要能很快地被受害者戴上的话，一定要能够方便受害者得到，这样才能为消防员的解救争取时间，retrieved在此处的意思是“取回”，与“accessed”（接近；获取）意思最接近。A.Returned.归还；B.Accessed.接近；获取；C.Relieved.缓解；减轻；D.Launched.发射。B项与划线词意思最为接近。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。文章第一段通过一个让人痛心的事情引出亚克力西斯对于emergencymaskpod的想法，包括如何更加有效地投放面罩，其中最后一段提出“The

mask

could

easily

be

retrieved

by

victims

and

put

on,

giving

them

precious

time

for

firefighters

to

rescue

them

and

potentially

saving

hundreds

or

thousands

of

lives.”（这种面具可以很容易地被受害者收回并戴上，为消防员拯救他们提供了宝贵的时间，并可能挽救数百或数千人的生命。）可知，文章主要介绍了Emergency

Mask

Pod的发明及其在火灾中的重要作用，C项“ALifelinethroughtheSmoke:TheMaskPod”（穿越烟雾的生命线：面罩舱）符合文意。故选C。DWhaleconservationistTedCheesemanadmitsthatthehugeanimalsdon’tpatientlyposeforphotos.Tohelppeoplefeelacloserconnectiontoeachwhale,MrCheeseman’sresearchcompany,HappyWhale,allowsuserstouploadtheirphotosontoitswebsite.HappyWhale’sartificialintelligence(AI)softwarewillthenquicklysearchthroughitsdatabaseofmorethan70,000differentwhaleswiththeaimoftellingyoutheexactanimalthatyouwerelookingat.Itcantellyouthewhale’sname,ifithasalreadybeengivenone,orinviteyoutochooseone.Andifthewhaleisonethathasbeenpreviouslyrecordeditwillshowyouamapofeverywherethatithasbeensighted.TheAlworksbyusingadaptedhumanfacialrecognitionsoftwaretoidentifyeachwhale’suniquelyshaped,coloredormarkedtail.Oregon-basedHappyWhaleusesallthedataitgetsfromuploadedphotostohelpittrackwhalenumbersandmovements.Itisanexampleofagrowingtrend-conservationgroupsattemptingtouseAltoenablemembersofthepublictoidentifyanimalsorbirds.Andinreturntheorganizationsgetahostofcrowdsourceddata.TheMerlinBirdIDappallowsuserstofindoutwhatspeciesofbirdtheyarelookingatorhearing.MerlinBirdusersareencouragedtoentertheirlocation,andthesize,colorandbehaviorofthebird.ThisdataisthenaddedtotheMacaulayLibrary,andscientistscanuseittohelpthemmapbirdpopulations,rangesandmigratorypatterns,andunderstandhowtheyhavechanged.“Birdpopulationshavebeendecliningallovertheworld,butinthelast50years,we’velostthreebillionbirdsintheUSandCanadaalone,”addsMsSmith.“Thisisthefirsttimewe’vebeenabletoshowthisinrealtime.”“Ibelieveanyresourcethathelpsbirdwatcherslearnmoreispositive,becausethatknowledgeandenjoymentsparkinterestinconservation,”WayneKlocknersays.“Peopleprotectwhattheyloveandcareabout.IftheapplicationofAIcontributestothat,birdswilllikelybebetteroff.”12.WhatcanHappyWhale’sAIprovideforitsusers?A.Thegrowthrateofwhales. B.Thedistributionmapofwhales.C.Theaveragetimeawhalerisestothesurface. D.Therelatedinformationaboutthespecificwhale.13.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofHappyWhale’sattempt?A.Awin-wincooperation. B.Adouble-edgedweapon.C.Asafebet. D.Anattemptintheair.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph4referto?A.Thelocationofbillionsofbirds. B.Thedeclineinbirdpopulations.C.Themigratorypatternofbirds. D.TherangeofbirdsinNorthAmerica.15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.AImakespeoplecareabouttheirpets. B.AIcontributestobirdwatchers’betterlife.C.AIhelpstodriveconservationefforts. D.AIispositivelyappliedtobirdwatching.〖答案〗12.D13.A14.B15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能程序可以允许用户将他们的照片上传到网站上，然后提供鲸鱼的信息，这可以有助于保护动物。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“HappyWhale’sartificialintelligence(AI)softwarewillthenquicklysearchthroughitsdatabaseofmorethan70,000differentwhaleswiththeaimoftellingyoutheexactanimalthatyouwerelookingat.(然后，HappyWhale的人工智能（AI）软件将快速搜索数据库中超过7万种不同的鲸鱼，目的是告诉你所看到的确切动物)”可知，HappyWhale的AI能为用户提供关于特定鲸鱼的相关信息。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Oregon-basedHappyWhaleusesallthedataitgetsfromuploadedphotostohelpittrackwhalenumbersandmovements.Itisanexampleofagrowingtrend-conservationgroupsattemptingtouseAltoenablemembersofthepublictoidentifyanimalsorbirds.Andinreturntheorganizationsgetahostofcrowdsourceddata.(总部位于俄勒冈州的HappyWhale利用从上传的照片中获得的所有数据来追踪鲸鱼的数量和活动。这是一个日益增长的趋势的一个例子——保护组织试图利用人工智能使公众能够识别动物或鸟类。作为回报，这些组织得到了大量的众包数据)”可知，作者认为HappyWhale的尝试属于合作共赢。故选A。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Birdpopulationshavebeendecliningallovertheworld,butinthelast50years,we’velostthreebillionbirdsintheUSandCanadaalone(全世界的鸟类数量一直在下降，但在过去的50年里，仅在美国和加拿大，我们就失去了30亿只鸟类)”以及上文“Thisisthefirsttimewe’vebeenabletoshow”可知，应用程序可以实时展示this（鸟类数量的减少）这一问题，故this指的是“鸟类数量的减少”。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Ibelieveanyresourcethathelpsbirdwatcherslearnmoreispositive,becausethatknowledgeandenjoymentsparkinterestinconservation,”WayneKlocknersays.“Peopleprotectwhattheyloveandcareabout.IftheapplicationofAIcontributestothat,birdswilllikelybebetteroff.”(“我相信任何帮助观鸟者了解更多的资源都是积极的，因为知识和乐趣激发了对保护的兴趣，”韦恩·克洛克纳说。“人们会保护他们所爱和关心的东西。如果人工智能的应用有助于这一点，鸟类可能会过得更好。”)”可知，人工智能有助于推动保护工作。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoustruggledtosaveupyourpocketmoneyorfoundithardnottoeatawholepacketofsweetsinonego?____16____Alsoknownas“willpower”,self-controlmeansmakingshort-termsacrificesforlong-termrewards.Thiscouldbegoingwithoutthingsyouwanttobuynowtosaveupforafuturetreat,orwalkingawayfromanargumentincaseyousaysomethinghurtful.____17____Itcanbelowattimeslikewhenyou’retired,hungryorstressed.However,therearewaystotopitup.____18____Doingmusicpracticeeverydaymeansyougetbetteratplayinganinstrument.Gettingupearlyforsportstrainingwillimproveyourskillsandhelpyourteam.Willpowerhelpsbuildhealthyhabits,likestayingawayfromscreensbeforebedsoyougetbettersleep.____19____Itgivesyouthepowertomakedecisionsbasedonwhatisbestforyou,notbecauseyou’retryingtofitinwithothers.Therearelotsofstudiesthatshowgoodself-controlcanhelpmakeushappierandhealthier.“Itdoesn’talwaysfeellikeit,butweallhavewillpower,”saysscientistEricSchulze.Heexplainsthatit’slikeamusclebecausethemoreyouuseit,thestrongeritbecomes.Agoodwaytostrengthenself-controlisgettingplentyofsleepandfeedingyourbrainwithhealthyfood.Focusonsmallgoalssoyoudon’tuseupalltheenergyinonego.“Asthedaywearsonthatwillpowermuscleshrinks(萎缩)andit’shardertoresisttemptation(诱惑),”Schulzesays.____20____Dosomethingthatmakesyoulaughasagoodmoodcanoverpoweraweakwill.A.Successcomesfromself-control.B.Willpowerislikeatypeofenergy.C.Itcanalsohelpyoumanageyouremotions.D.Ittakeswillpowertoresistthetwotemptations.E.Ifso,you’llunderstandthepowerofself-control.F.Self-controlisasuperpowerthatcanhelpyouachievegoals.G.Whenthishappens,exercisinghelpsyougiveenergytothebrain.〖答案〗16.E17.B18.F19.C20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是意志力，意志力的特点以及如何培养意志力。【16题详析】根据上文“Haveyoustruggledtosaveupyourpocketmoneyorfoundithardnottoeatawholepacketofsweetsinonego?(你是否曾为攒零用钱而苦苦挣扎，或者发现自己很难一次不吃下一整包糖果？)”以及第二段“Alsoknownas“willpower”,self-controlmeansmakingshort-termsacrificesforlong-termrewards.(自我控制也被称为“意志力”，意味着为了长期的回报而做出短期的牺牲)”可知，后文提到了自我控制，推测本句是在引出后文关于自我控制的观点。故E选项“如果是这样，你就会明白自我控制的力量”符合语境，故选E。【17题详析】根据上文“Alsoknownas“willpower”,self-controlmeansmakingshort-termsacrificesforlong-termrewards.Thiscouldbegoingwithoutthingsyouwanttobuynowtosaveupforafuturetreat,orwalkingawayfromanargumentincaseyousaysomethinghurtful.(自我控制也被称为“意志力”，意味着为了长期的回报而做出短期的牺牲。这可以是不买你现在想买的东西，为将来的享受攒钱，或者在争吵中走开，以防你说了伤人的话)”以及后文“Itcanbelowattimeslikewhenyou’retired,hungryorstressed.However,therearewaystotopitup.(当你累了、饿了或压力大的时候，它可能会很低。然而，有一些方法可以补充)”可知，上文提到了意志力的作用，后文提到了意志力很低的情况，说明本句是在说明意志力具有的特点。故B选项“意志力就像一种能量”符合语境，故选B。【18题详析】根据后文“Doingmusicpracticeeverydaymeansyougetbetteratplayinganinstrument.Gettingupearlyforsportstrainingwillimproveyourskillsandhelpyourteam.Willpowerhelpsbuildhealthyhabits,likestayingawayfromscreensbeforebedsoyougetbettersleep.(每天做音乐练习意味着你在演奏乐器方面做得更好。早起进行运动训练可以提高你的技能，帮助你的球队。意志力有助于养成健康的习惯，比如睡前远离屏幕，这样你就能睡得更好)”可知，后文提到了意志力有助于养成健康的习惯，即实现目标方面的作用。故F选项“自我控制是一种超能力，可以帮助你实现目标”符合语境，故选F。【19题详析】根据后文“Itgivesyouthepowertomakedecisionsbasedonwhatisbestforyou,notbecauseyou’retryingtofitinwithothers.Therearelotsofstudiesthatshowgoodself-controlcanhelpmakeushappierandhealthier.(它让你有能力做出最适合自己的决定，而不是因为你试图与他人合得来。有很多研究表明，良好的自我控制可以帮助我们更快乐、更健康)”可知，后文提到了意志力可以帮助我们更快乐、更健康，即对情绪有控制能力。故C选项“它还能帮助你控制情绪”符合语境，故选C。【20题详析】根据上文““Itdoesn’talwaysfeellikeit,butweallhavewillpower,”saysscientistEricSchulze.Heexplainsthatit’slikeamusclebecausethemoreyouuseit,thestrongeritbecomes.Agoodwaytostrengthenself-controlisgettingplentyofsleepandfeedingyourbrainwithhealthyfood.Focusonsmallgoalssoyoudon’tuseupalltheenergyinonego.“Asthedaywearsonthatwillpowermuscleshrinks(萎缩)andit’shardertoresisttemptation(诱惑),”Schulzesays.(科学家埃里克·舒尔茨说：“并不总是感觉如此，但我们都有意志力。”他解释说，这就像肌肉一样，因为你使用得越多，它就变得越强壮。加强自我控制的一个好方法是获得充足的睡眠和用健康的食物喂养你的大脑。专注于小目标，这样你就不会一次耗尽所有的能量。舒尔茨说：“随着时间的流逝，意志力肌肉会萎缩，更难抵抗诱惑。”)”以及后文“Dosomethingthatmakesyoulaughasagoodmoodcanoverpoweraweakwill.(做一些能让你开怀大笑的事情，因为好心情可以战胜脆弱的意志)”可知，上文提到了时间流逝意志力萎缩的情况，推测本句对此提出建议，故G选项“当这种情况发生时，锻炼可以帮助你给大脑提供能量”符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Aheroicattemptofaman,OscarRivera,riskinghislifetosaveneighborsfromaburninghomeischeeredbythewholecommunity.Thedramatic____21____recordedonvideogoesviralwithinminutes.Riverawasrelaxingwithhischildrenintheirbackyardwhenheheardanenormoussoundand____22____action.Onreachingthefrontyard,he____23____thattheneighbor’shousewasonfireandtherewerepeopleinside.Awomanwastryingtoassistamanwhowas____24____ontheroof.Despitethedangeroussituation,hekeptcalmand____25____aladder(梯子)quicklyandbegangoingupwiththehelpofafellowneighbor.“Ijuststartedjumping,jumping,jumping,”Riverasaid.Nevertheless,____26____inonrushingthicksmokeandextremeheatthatmadeit____27____forhimtoadvanceanyfurther,hemanagedtoreachthetopfloor.Therehefoundsomebodyinsidebeggingforassistance.Without____28____hepulledhimoutthroughoneofthewindows.People____29____andcheeredwhileRiverasafelybroughtdownthevictim.EyewitnessJaneenHuth____30____thisheart-stoppingrescueonvideo,praisingRivera’sselflessbraverywhichshenotedhadputhimat____31____.Thevictimswereattendedto____32____withinminutesbuttheirwoundscouldhavebeen____33____ifithadnotbeenforwhatRiveradid.Asresidentsreflectonthisterrifyingincidentintheir____34____,theywillalwayslookuponRivera’sbravedeedasanexampleof____35____amidhardship.21.A.fire B.rescue C.change D.escape22.A.putoff B.calledfor C.fellin D.spranginto23.A.spotted B.imagined C.assumed D.believed24.A.confused B.relieved C.trapped D.bothered25.A.select B.seized C.prepared D.built26.A.blanketed B.folded C.hidden D.filled27.A.necessary B.unusual C.fantastic D.impossible28.A.doubt B.enthusiasm C.hesitation D.protection29.A.clapped B.parted C.approached D.laughed30.A.clicked B.posted C.recorded D.directed31.A.ease B.risk C.attention D.bay32.A.separately B.mentally C.equally D.medically33.A.worse B.cooler C.smaller D.clearer34.A.apartment B.hospital C.community D.school35.A.success B.hope C.wisdom D.peace〖答案〗21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Rivera在大火中救邻居，被JaneenHuth拍摄纪录的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：视频中记录的戏剧性救援在几分钟内迅速传播开来。A.fire火灾；B.rescue救援；C.change改变；D.escape逃跑。由下文“thisheart-stoppingrescueonvideo”可知，这里指视频记录下了“救援”事件。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：Rivera正和他的孩子们在后院放松，这时他听到一声巨大的声音，立刻采取了行动。A.putoff推迟；B.calledfor呼吁；C.fellin坍塌；D.spranginto突如其来地做。根据上文“whenheheardanenormoussound”可知，听到异响，Rivera“突如其来地”采取行动，去查看发生了什么事。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一到前院，他就看见邻居家着火了，里面有人。A.spotted看见；B.imagined想象中的；C.assumed假设；D.believed相信。由下文“theneighbor’shousewasonfire”可知，这里指Rivera“看到”了着火。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名妇女正试图帮助一名被困在屋顶上的男子。A.confused感到困惑；B.relieved缓解；C.trapped被困；D.bothered困扰。由上文“Awomanwastryingtoassistaman”以及语境可知，这里指这男子“被困”在房顶了。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管情况很危险，他还是保持冷静，迅速抓住梯子，在邻居的帮助下开始往上爬。A.select挑选；B.seized抓住；C.prepared准备；D.built建造。由下文“aladderquickly”以及语境可知，这里指Rivera一把“抓住”梯子就准备去救人。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是被滚滚浓烟和